South America |Handouts - Andes mountains is the largest continental

mountain range in the world. It lines the

GROUP 2 BSN II PIAGET
western edge of south america, from
venezuela all the way along chile to south
america's southern tip.
History
-4th largest continent in the world with an -Amazon forest in south america one of the
largest tropical rainforest, famed for its
area of about 6.8 million square miles.
biodiversity. It’s crisscrossed by thousands
-South America and north America are of rivers, including the powerful amazon.
The amazon rainforest, covering much of
borded by the country, Panama.
northwestern brazil and extending into
-Spaniards colxonized parts of south colombia, peru and other south american
countries,
America during the 16th century,
-Countries include : -Angel falls 3212 ft high. in Venenzuela is
the highest waterfall in the world
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil
Chile, Colombia , Ecuador, Peru ,Guyana
Paraguay ,Uruguay , Venenzuela , Suriname -Solar De Uyuni in Bolivia, is the world’s
largest salt flats. A prehistoric dry lake that
-Population : 400 million people
is 4,000 square miles and home to pink
-Spanish is the main language flamingos.
- Quechua is a common language spoken by
-World's largest coffee producer Brazil
the indigenous people of the continent.
Climate
- Tropical with grasslands and savannas Culture
Grapes in new year
Food - it’s traditional to eat 12 grapes during the
-Asado new year countdown which represent 12
-Arepas wishes and 12 months of the year.
-Tacos
-Empanada Quinceanera
-the celebration of a girl's 15th birthday,
Landmarks marking her passage from girlhood to
- Largest country is brazil womanhood;

-Christ the redeemer the famous 125 foot 3 Kings

tall statue that is called which overlooks the -Dia de los reyes magos, otherwise known
city of rio de janerio| one of the seven as the epiphany or three king's day. It's a
wonders of the world. popular holiday in Latin America. It
celebrates the day the three wise men economic development strategies based on
made it to baby Jesus.
a system of import substitution. National
Rio Festival governments used such measures
-Carnival in Rio de Janeiro is a festival held
as tariff and price policies to boost domestic
every year before Lent; it is considered the
biggest carnival in the world every February. industries and protect them from external
competition. They also create
Cinco de Mayo
- Cinco de Mayo, or the fifth of May, is a joint ventures with private capital
holiday that celebrates the date of the
and established state-owned enterprises,
Mexican army's May 5, 1862 victory over
France at the Battle of Puebla during the especially in the heavy industries, utilities,
Franco-Mexican War.
and transportation. They provided high
-Not allowed to war a sombrero during the
day of celebration. subsidies for social programs in areas such
as education and public housing.
Dia De Los Muertos
-The Day of the Dead is a holiday Furthermore, national spending on
traditionally celebrated on November 1 and
armaments and “defense” soared during
2.
-is a celebration of life and death. periods of military rule.
-
 Between 1980 and 1990, gross domestic
Marigolds Flowers- flower that has become
a national symbol for the festival which product (GDP) per capita measured in
symbolizes the brevity of life.
constant dollars declined for every South
American country except Brazil, Colombia,
Tradition
and Chile. For a part of this same period,
El Dorado – Is a south American dance
inflation rates skyrocketed in many
performed in regional/ national
countries, exceeding 3,000 percent per year
competitions.
in some instances. Currency devaluation,
austerity programs, and governmental
Economic Status
disinvestment were the most commonly
used remedies to check these problems.
Economic status of South America (2023)
 The severity of their problems and lender
 From the 1930s until the late 1980s, the
demands prompted most South American
majority of South American countries
countries to
pursued
initiate fundamental restructurings of their Economic status of South America (2021)
economies. These changes had the greatest  Brazil is the largest economy in South
impact on those lowest on the America, followed by Argentina, Chile,
socioeconomic ladder.  At the turn of the Colombia, and Peru. These five together
21st century, the economies of many South hold a huge 90% share of the South
American countries started to improve, and American economy. Suriname is
some of those countries were able to start the smallest economy in South America.
paying off their debts. Notably,  (gdp – gross domestic product; measures
Ecuador adopted the U.S. dollar as its the monetary value of final goods and
currency in 2001, provoking protests services – that
from indigenous communities and the is, those that are brought by the final user –
working poor; however, this conversion, as produced in a country in a given period of
well as a rise in oil prices, helped stabilize time.)
the Ecuadorean economy the same year.  One economy of South America would
Argentina, the victim of an economic crisis have gdp above $1 trillion, and six would
in 2001 when it defaulted on its foreign have an economy of above $100 billion.
debt, had begun a recovery by 2003. In 2021, Chile will overtake Colombia to
Increasing economic independence sparked become the 3rd largest economy in South
a trend of nationalization along with the America, and Bolivia will overtake
election of left-leaning leaders in Venezuela, Venezuela. However, none of the South
Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Ecuador, and Bolivia. American economies are in the list of top
Source: ten largest economies globally, and four
https://www.britannica.com/place/South- economies are within the top 50 world gdp
America/Effects-of-rapid-population- ranking.
increase#ref41820  Brazil ($58 bn) and Chile ($55 bn) will be
the top contributors, accounting for 58% of
the
increase in the South American economy.
Argentina ($30 bn), Colombia ($24 bn), and
Peru ($22 bn) are other top contributors.
 GDP(PPP) – gross domestic product based
on purchasing power parity.
 In ppp data, the five largest economies of
South America are Brazil, Argentina,
Colombia, Chile, and Peru. Two economies
would have gdp above Int. $1 trillion in
2021 and eight would have an
economy of above Int. $100 billion. There
would be only no change in ppp ranking.
Only one South American economy, Brazil, is
in the top ten list, and five economies are
within the top 50 world gdp ranking.
 Out of 12 economies, gdp (ppp) of 11
would increase, and one economy would
decrease in 2021 compared to 2020. Again,
Brazil (Int. $175 bn) will be the top
contributor, accounting for 44% of
the increase in the South American
economy. Argentina (Int. $73 bn) and
Colombia (Int. $51 bn)
are other top gainers.
Source:
https://statisticstimes.com/economy/south-
american-countries-by-gdp.php.