Problem Solving Strategies

8. LOGICAL REASONING

1. The sum of two numbers is 48 and the larger is 3 less than twice the smaller. Find the numbers.

2. A Collection of 50c and 25c amounts to P8.75. There are 24 coins in all. How many of each coin are there
in the collection?

3. If Pedro has eight coins and one is heavier than the others, how could he find the heavier coin in just bwo

weighings?
4. Jose and Pedro have to catch the first trip bus to Manila at 4:00 AM. Jose's watch is 10 minutes fast, but
he thinks that it is five minutes slow. Pedro's watch is 10 minutes slow, but he thinks it is 10 minutes fast.
Each, thinking as he does, leaves to catch the bus so that he will just make it. Who misses the bus and
by how many minutes?

5. Who do you think won the basketball game between the fourth year and third year high school basketball
teams during the school intramurals games?
Use the following clues to help you find out:
The seniors scored 21 points in the first quarter.
The seniors led by 6 points at the end of the first quarter.
The juniors scored 3 more points in the second quarter than they did in the first quarter.
The seniors were outscored by 4 points in the second quarter.
The seniors scored as many points in the third quarter as the juniors did in the first quarter.
The seniors scored a total of 73 points in the game.
The juniors outscored the seniors by 5 points in the fourth quarter.
The juniors scored twice as many points in the fourth quarter as they did in the third quarter.

6. In a student organization of a National High School, the four positions president, vice president,
treasurer and auditor are held by four students whose first name are Noel, Rushel, Anthony and Myra.
According to the following statements, determine the student who holds such position.
a. Anthony graduated with the president from the same elementary school.
b. Myra wants to be the next president of the organization.
C. Rushel and the Auditor wants to spend their leisure time watching movies.
d. Anthony beats the treasurer in chess.
e. The president is a lover or arts.
f. Myra never watch movies and play chess.
g. Noel dislikes arts.

7. Jose, Dario, Alfred, Linda, Maria and Rosa graduated from the same university with teaching degrees in
Mathematics and after passing theLET, they took teaching jobs in different cities. The cities in no
particular order are Baguio, Cgb San Canos, Dayaó, Tacloban and Lapag From the following
statements, find where the Mathematics Teachers got theirteaching assignment.
a. Linda did not get a
job in Baguio and Alfredo did not move to Davao.
b. Rosa hoped to get a job in Tacloban but did not.
C. Dario got a job in Laoag and Maria gotthe job she wanted in San CartosCily
d. Linda turned down the job in Cebu after Rosa took the
job in Davao.
e. Jose took the job in Cebu.
 Problem Soving Strategies
5. SEARCHES FOR PATTERNS

1. Compute the following:

a. 512-49 b. 1052-952

2. Do the first three computations and observe the pattern and do the rest without actual computation based on
the pattern observed.
(1x8)+ 1 9
(12 x 8)+ 2 98
(123 x 8)+3 987
(1234 x 8) + 4
(12345 x 8) + 5
(12345678 x 8) +8
(12 3uSEHx 8) + 987654

3. From the given table, find the value of n if m = 50

M 1 2 3 4 5 50
N
1 3

4. Find the sum of the first 20 odd numbers

5. An employer is giving a choice for a prospective employee for his daily wage; P225 for an
8-hour work or 1 peso for the first hour, 2 pesos for the second hour and so on, doubling the amount each hour
for 8 hours. Which is a better choice?

6. What is the unit's digit in the power of 7 with an exponent of 1999?

7. How many diagonals can be drawn in a polygon of n sides?

Problem Solving Strategies
4. MAKE A TABLE

1. What is the maximum volume of a box that can be constructed from a piece of cardboard with a length of 1
foot and a width of 8 inches?

2. The base of a triangle is 6 more than the length of its height. If the area of the triangle is 308 sq. cms, what
are the lengths of the base of the height?

3.A baker needs three teaspoons of yeast for every 8 cups of flour to make pan de sal. How many teaspoons
of yeast are needed for 48 cups of flour?

4. The sum of the squares of 3 consecutive odd numbers is 515. Find the numbers.

5. Two cars leave a gasoline station at the same time, one traveling northbound at 60kph and the other
southbound at 50kph. How long will t take them to be 440 kilometers apart?

6. A chemist has 80 liters solution of which is 60% alcohol. How much of a second solution which is 25%
alcohol must be added to obtain a solution that is 45% alcohol?

7. In a two die experiment, what is the probability of havinga sum of 6 in the two die?
Problem Solving Strategies

7. SIMPLIFY THE PROBLEM

1. Find the sum: 1+2+3+4++47 +48 +49 +50

2. A square with the side of 10

inches has its side reduced by 2 inches. What is the ratio of the area of the
Smaller square to the original
square?

3. If the sides of the

equilateral triangle were increased by 3 centim ters. By how many centimeters would
the perimeter be increased?

The numbers in the

sequence 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29... increased by four. The numbers in
the
sequence 4, 11, 18, 25, 32, 39, 46, 53. increased by seven. What
in both sequences? are the first ten numbers that appear

5. The difference between the arithmetic mean

of two numbers and the square of their geometric mean is
36. Find the difference between the arithmetic mean
of their squares and the
mean. square of their arithmetic

6. Find the sum:

1 1
12) 205* 3()***17(18) 18(19) 19(20)
 Problem Soving Strategies

9. ACT IT OUT

1. Two men and two

boys wish to cross a river. Their small boat can
the maximum number of carry only one man or two boys. What is
trips needed to get everyone across the river?

2. There are 5
guests in a TV show. If
everyone will shake hands with each other, how many handshakes will
there be?

3. A building has three doors. How

many ways can a student enter the building and leave by a different door?

4. In how many ways can three

students be seated in a row of three chairs?

5. In how many ways can you arrange 4 people in a circular table?

6. While waiting for the bell for the first

period, Myra plays a counting game. After taking two steps forward, she
must take one step backward. She wishes to reach
the door of her classroom which is seven
her. Using this rule, what is least number of steps away from
steps she must take to reach the door?