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One district one product (ODOP) of Uttar Pradesh: New initiative for
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research

ISSN: 2393-8870
www.ijarm.com
(A Peer Reviewed, Referred, Indexed and Open Access Journal)
DOI: 10.22192/ijamr Volume 9, Issue 2 -2022
Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijamr.2022.09.02.001

One district one product (ODOP) of Uttar Pradesh:

New initiative for developing Global Handicraft Index
Uma Shankar Yadav1, Ravindra Tripathi2, Mano Ashsish Tripathi3
1,2,3
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraaj, INDIA
*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The sustainable economy is an era of women as entrepreneurs perceiving,

organizing resources, novel opportunities, and undertaking risks to achieve their
goals in developing new innovative ventures for measuring new horizons in the
time of pandemic when the whole world was One district one product (ODOP)
when started in 2018 in Uttar Pradesh incited by Japan government in 1979 and it
became so famous in Uttar Pradesh to boost economy and artisan of 75 districts up
women artisan increase and transformed in entrepreneurship Uttar Pradesh and
northeast of India before pandemic were experiencing an economic renovation
through transformation technology but pandemic has slowdown their speed but
Keywords after then it again increasing by the national slogan of vocal for local through at
manirbhar Baharat Abhiyan, through the growth of women-oriented handicraft
one district one
industries like Moonj craft (Baratar famous for Moonj craft village of Uttar
product,
Pradesh), bamboo craft (MSMEs).All of us know that handicraft product is
handicraft,
commonly made by hand or by with the help of the handmade tool. in this
global handicraft
process, hand skilled people artisan creates different design products theirs
index,
decorative and used as utility products like as from Rockwood, claystone and
entrepreneurship
may more and many more using simple and cheap tools from the time of
Moonj craft village.
immemorial, India is called for it handmade made decorative addition
industrial country and famous in India These types of items produced are
known as handicrafts as they are prepared solely by hands and there is nothing
od least technology used in this industry. it is also known for its cultural
customer and India feature amongst the topmost rated cultural country which is
famous in the world there is some skilled labor are busy in the world which has
and has artisan has added to them and there is nothing any use of machinery
and we that India is known for its customs. Handicrafts all over the world. as
we know ha India has been very loving and respected by everyone and many
rural people still earn their livelihood through the creative part culture. In the
following article, we will read about some of the handicrafts of India that you
can take back:

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

Introduction director of Somaiya Kala Vidya, which promotes

the craft traditions of Gujarat and Kutch in
Uttar Pradesh is the largest state of the country in particular. “They begin with the sense that
terms of population and the fourth-largest state in artisans need help, which is not a service to them.
terms of area. There is the vast physical and We have to think of creating opportunity rather
cultural diversity of the state is tremendous. Uttar than subsidy,” she says.
Pradesh is a handicraft rich state hand-knotted
carpet, art metal, wood ware, hand-printed textile Export of Uttar Pradesh in the financial year
caroche goods zari and zardozi, imitation 2016 and 17
jewellery glass and glassware are core handicraft
of the state there are some handicrafts in the state Sector-wise export from Uttar Prades htotal
which are becoming weak such as sazarstone export of Rs 84282 crore in the different sector
work embroidery cotton carpets hand block textile have different export amount like as food
printing wood carving, wooden toy and comb processed and meet near about 15073 crores and
bone and ivory carving. Bhadohi, Mirzapur, the percent 17.6% and handicraft of Rs 8400.84
Saharanpur, Moradabad is important to craft and the percent of this was 9.97 % and the
center of the state about the report of NCARE29 handloom growth was around 417 crore and share
% of Indian artisan are in Uttar Pradesh, 13%in was 50% leather product was around10560 crore
Gujarati Rajasthan cluster, and 43%in eastern and its share was 12.57% and carpet and durries
India there are estimated 18 lakh artisan in Uttar around 4648.48 and share 5.34% readymade
Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh accounts about 60% garment around 10866.6 and engendering good
of total handicraft export of India and Uttar around 11360 crores and marble around 799
Pradesh account about 22.41%unit and about crores horticulture around 795.44 crore.
29% artisan of the country. The handicraft and
handloom sector in India is a ₹24,300-crore Briefing one district one product ODOP
industry and contributes nearly ₹10,000 crores
annually in export earnings. The 12th Five Year The goal is to help the local and block to help the
Plan had projected it would become the largest artisan and also provide an enhance the access to
non-farm sector in rural India, swelling its the world market this scheme in place that helps
workforce by 10 p%, doubling the output, and in connecting both sellers and buyers by
exporting 18 % more during 2012-17. handicraft and to gain national and international
recognition by marketing, branding, with easy
On the ground, there are many challenges — credit by this scheme it will preserve our rich
weak infrastructure, limited access to raw cultural heritage and tr5adition and unique skill at
material, broken supply chains, poor marketing, the district level
and an absence of consensus on what constitutes
‘handicraft’. On top of it all, artisans walk a As we know that Uttar Pradesh is emerging as a
tightrope between preserving traditional skills and very fast growing economy in last few years and
innovating for the contemporary marketplace. the GSDP of Uttar Pradesh has grown from
Weavers, for instance, often replace expensive Rs.1137,210 crore in 2015-15 to 13,75 ,609 crore
raw materials with cheaper imitations, only to end in 2017-18 and the average economic growth of
up devaluing their craft and the customer’s Uttar Pradesh has around 7.5% in finance year of
experience of it. 2016 to 2018 so now U.P is growing per capita
income level of its common people this has been
The government’s role has been criticized as increase from 42,276 to 55,344 in finance year of
inadequate, and wrongly aligned. Government 2018 and this is show that average growth is 8.4%
schemes are geared toward subsidy and miss out and in 2023-24 it will become Rs 80000 .now
on the value of craft, rues Judy Frater, founder- agricultural growth of Uttar Pradesh in 2015-16 to
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

2017-18 in agricultural sector was 7.5% that is huge challenges during lockdown period and stay
highest this is due to availability of resources, at their home and hands are empty without money
infrastructure and climate that is best suited for and Jobs. We should have to think to create our
better investment in Uttar Pradesh Uttar c .there Local Talent and Traditional art and craft which
is robust industrial infrastructure with 15 are Sustainable Eco-friendly and providing local
industrial area and 12 specialised park, there are market to handicraft Sector for India to be an
4 growth centre sand industrial development Atmanirbhar Bharat and Vocal for Local slogan
centre there are around 21 notified special of India. ODOP a famous scheme on the frame of
economic zone that is in short form called SEZ the Japanese government Uttar Pradesh
and around 15 for IT and related sector. now government has launched that was called One
government of Uttar Pradesh has decided to stable District One Product yojna help cultural and small
and lunched one district and one product scheme business local and block to help the artisan and
for boosting the traditional industries and their also provide an enhance the access to the world
value addition of the product .because it focus for market this scheme is a place that helps in
the benefit of local artisan and craftsmen as well connecting both sellers and buyers by handicraft
as unemployment and this ODOP scheme will and to gain the national and international
play a crucial role for the development of recognition by marketing, branding, with easy
handicraft product and its artisan value in global credit by this scheme it will preserve our rich
market because the majority of the export rate of cultural heritage and tradition and unique skill at
handicraft sector in market value such as the district level. The economic situation of
information agro based and food processing people involved in ODOP art is an work that is
textile chickankari ,carpet weaving, shazar stone involved in handicraft sector 64% art is an and
industry Taking its mission a step forward, the Workers are economically poor 23% art is an and
Government of Uttar Pradesh announced a multi workers are not poor but they can run their craft at
directional and famous scheme “One District One minimal level 17 prevent artisan a reworking as
Product” to give boost to the traditional industrial an entrepreneur.
to enhance the people of Uttar Pradesh and by
this programme people gain to expertise on one Important handicraft of Uttar Pradesh District-
specific products ODOP aims to boost the micro wise product under ODOP and overview on
small units that are involved under this scheme agricultural craft.
and it focus one all handicraft product of the
district and benefit to the two local craftsmen and Banda city of Shazar was discovered in the Banda
their craft it will play an important role in the district of the Bundelkhand region about 400years
boosting the MSME sector because the MSME ago in Banda. The one who discovered it was an
play an important role in the state economy the Arabian. Arab was memorized its important
state has around 89 lakh MSME in 2017-18. colorful pattern that looks like leaves and trees
like structure sometimes time moon, hen, lord
About Agricultural handicraft of Uttar Pradesh Vishnu, Monkey, cloud different decorative
(ODOP) flower structure are set up on the Shajarstone it is
natural print so he named it Shajar in Arabic .in
ODOP can provide opportunity and have the India language Haqueq orasphaltic in the Hindi
capability to solve the migration problem language. Agra district. This district is popular for
ofpeople from country to country, state to state its leather and leather-related work like bags and
providing Local-level job and creativity and Have other footwear but this raw material is imported
a great opportunity to make the Artisans as from Kanpur, Kolkata, Chennai, and other
Entrepreneur and improve the social, economic countries. Prayagrajmoonj craft such as a coaster,
situation of rural, weaker section unorganized stand bags utility item decorative product these
workers and tribal people of the world especially products are eco-friendly and this craft have the
in case of India because these people are facing space to represent at the global market. Amethi is
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

also famous for its moonj product and different that is kannauj is called perfumes city Itraindustry
products like chair table carry bags are subsidiary there is Perfume Park and museum in kannauj.
products of Amethi. Badaun is famous for its Kanpur is the largest center of the leather industry
handicraft product named zarizardozi. This in our country there are various varieties of
industry is based on largely a cottage base and leatherwork like footwear belts purses, slippers,
around 35% family of the state are engaged in the and Kanpur export around 20% of leather exports
zari and zardozi industry. District Bahraich is in India. Kausambi the city of the banana house in
most famous for its wheat stalked handicraft Utter Pradesh the food processing units produce a
product and most of the artisan is awarded state variety of the products like banana chips. beauty
award by the government. Aligarh is much more product toiletries etc. Lakhimpur Kheri is most
famous for locks and its hardware product all over famous for tribal crafts because the Tharu tribe of
the country is famous locks and hardware. The the district is completely engaged in the making
product is famous all over the country. Ambedkar of this tribal craft by handmade tools. Lucknow
Nagar has a town called Tanda and it is known for the chikankari and zarizardozi work is in
the Terri cotton cloths and power loom textile Lucknow is exported in the country and another
product and this district provide much country. And it provides a large number of
employment and about 43000artisans are involved employments in the Lucknow city. Mahoba is
in this craft. Aroha is a city of musical famous for its handicraft product name Gaura
instruments especially dholes and around 300 stone craft and it holds a very special place in the
units and more than 1000 artisans are involved in world of art and crafts. This stone is divided into
this work. Azamgarh is called theblack pottery many pieces that are used for making several craft
city of India and the Nizamabad city of Jaigarh items. Mainpuri district of Uttar Pradesh is much
has around 200.The district is popular for its black famous for Takashi art that is used for decorating
pottery Bagpat the home of furnishing craft also jewelry boxes, nameplates, and other similar
home furnishing this handloom business has been items. Kushinagar is famous for its banana-made
working of khekada for many years but now it has fiber craft in Uttar Pradesh this is used for making
been converted into power loom Baliya bidi is threads, carry bags, filament, and by-product
much famous in India and across the country, in vermicomposting, and organic compost due to the
the main town of the Aaliyah it is created and abundant cultivation of banana in this district.
marketed in the whole of the world. Banda district Lalitpur is known for its zari silk sari all over the
the identity y of this district is due to famous world for its transparent, exquisite design, and
Shazar stone in the world map this item is used as engraved butty work and around 5000 the sari is
decorative as well as in jewelry industry, and made here per year. Maharajgang due to its
another decorative item in our country and whole maximum forest covering area different furniture
of the gulf country. Barley is also famous for roducts like a chair, doors, beds, tables, dressing
bamboo craft and zari-zardozi craft in the utter tables are crafted in different designs. Meerutthis
Pradesh there are thousands of the micro and district is much famous in the sports area and
small units of this industry there are near about called sports city of India and is the second-
2.5 lakh people are involved in the manufacturing largest producer of sports goods and accessories
of the products. there are many handbags, jackets, product in India. there are small and medium units
sari, scarfs Bhadohi the brand of the carpets and that are engaged in making sports goods.
this district is popular for world-famous carpets Moradabad is famous for its metal and brass work
and there are 70000 artisans and around one lakh in Uttar Pradesh it is called the brass city of Uttar
loom are runningin the district there are 510 Pradesh and this district has domestic units as
export units in the district this carpet is famous for well as the large industries that are involved in the
unknotted and tufted carpet at the global level. creation of the metalwork. Raibarely is much
Bulandshahar, khurja is famous for pottery and famous for its wood-related work in Uttar Pradesh
ceramic work in India this industry provides it has met the local market in lucknow Kanpur,
direct or indirectly in the state map. This district Allahabad. Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh is
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

famous for the elegant banarsi sari India and the in WB and .4 million in across the country’s jute
world map Saharanpur is most famous for its is only the crop where earing bishops to trickle in
woodcraft and paper craft in the state, as well as ways before the final harvest, so the plantation of
country sesames wood, generally produces and the jute seeds are cultivated in the 4th month of the
raw material for this industry. Sant Kabeer Nagar year that is April and harvested in July and august
is famous for its Bhakra brassware craft in the month, their leaves are sold in the vegetable forms
state various type of art and crafts like utensils in the local market for two-month products and
and showpieces such as bowls, plates, glass leave can be cooked and inner stem barks stems
vessels, jugs, bells, and other craft. World-famous can be used for manufacturing of the writing
silk sari district Varanasi Banarsi silk sari. The paper it requires very low quantity water ruin
other is the largest demand for the banarsi silk sari comparison of the water and the roots, however
in the country, especially in northern India. cotton and jute are picking up after the providing
Siddhartha Nagar the birthplace of budh is famous slogan of the golden fiber revolution has logged
for its Kala Namak rice on the national map a by called by various committees, but it is now
kind of aroma and soft rice and there facing major problems because of the
aremorethan45units are stabiles in that area(yadav unavailability of the quality and shining jute and
et al 2020) shrinking areas of land and the failure and closing
of the many mills related to jute production and
Agricultural uses lack of product diversification. it is even replaced
by glass and plastic wool and insulation and eco-
We found during field survey found that 24 wild friendly carry bags is the best alternative of the
species of below like plant that was used in plastic bags so there is much demand of the site
support agricultural activity mostly carpet, tutor handicraft price is the agricultural are should be
but also provide shelter from winter frost and indicated but at some many artisans and worked
different utility and decorative handmade ado not work in that area. (Yadav et al 2020)
products are made by this agricultural palate they
sometimes called twins grant holder, and sovescio Moon craft agricultural handicraft a family-
(green manure). Parada M, Selga A, Bonet based business during lockdown
atal2007.
During pandemic time when people were not
The result has been found in many shrubs-like touching any bag basket from the market or no
plant species that were used to fixing of cultivated politeness due afraid of corona infection then
plants to tutor. For example, in the cultivation and Moonj craft made product were in daily use of
plantation of willow plants in the winter season rural urban and tribal people of India this is green
the fruit-bearing shoot white color are planted eco-friendly biodegrable easily available moonj
edge of land and in srub like a forest, they are a craft in following district of Uttar Pradesh and it
long thin and particularly flexible parent helped family income generation and most the
(Chiovenda-Bensi et al in 2000) women engaged in the making of Moonj craft
because of lockdown they spent their time in
Jute agriculture and handicraft product making Dalia basket bag carry bag a etc. product
and safe from outer infection of disease and this
We know the Jute industry is also agricultural created a new entrepreneur root for women and
product and many handicraft products are made helped in earning money. So now we try to
by jut so we as y India largest jute products in the understand about Moonj craft industry and role of
world in looking of banglalasdeh the outer layer this industry in family business and what was
of the stem produces the fibers that go into impact of pandemic on Moonj industry and how
making jute west Bengal of n Meghalaya, Tripura, the solved their problem during this time so as we
Andhra Pradesh it about150 years old and is know that Moonj craft is famous craft of
labor-intensive cottage industry. 2million workers Allahabad Amethi, Sultanpur district, Allahabad
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

handicraft called Moonj craftin local there are during the time of Bahadurshah Jafar a famous
several product of Moonjcraft named basket like Mughal empire the Moonj craftis very traditional
as Dalia, dauri, bhauki, sika, in north yeast and simple and attractive utility decorative and
language and the raw material naturally grow in eco-friendly oiling is basketry technique used by
perennial grass called Sarpat and kusha in rural and unskilled women in Allahabad, Bahraich
village and in local language this sarpat is grow in Gorakhpur, in eastern Uttar Pradesh and Meerut
lowland of the district in Prayagraj, Amethi, haapur, Moradabad Naraura bank of Ganga river
Jaunpur, kaushambi, Mirjapur, but mostly famous by a different nameto make a chair and many
in Allahabad and Amethi district local at the bank useful crafts that are used for kitchen for storing
of small river like Mansaitariver in Phoolpur flour and food grain the basket of Tharuin
tehsil and phaphamau block (Baratar, katiyahi Bahrain district is different for its uniqueeness
both are famous for moonj craft village of and bold can be distinguished by their bold styled
Uttar Pradesh) Paigamberpur, balipur and at the animal and human motif. In Basti, mahraajganj,
bank of Yamuna naini industrial area and its near and Gorakhpur, the women make moonj coil of
village in Naini region like mavaiya district, large and beautifully patterned terracotta sloping
sonipurbalapur it raurachhewaki station kusha grass before craft making and munis circular
name local and Holi grass in Hindu religion and baskets with large mouths and convex bottoms
most of the local peoples are engaged in making that are set in systematic and in a row pattern for
various type of decorative and as a utility product the bride when married from herparental home
and household product from Moonj such as foot and when leave her home to step in as she leaves
mats carry bags stool ropes pen stand chairs table her home. The bride takes some with her, laden
cot bind rope called bandh etc. craftsmen makes with grain, sweet and other gifts.
these products without using any tools and
advanced technology and Equipment’s. Many This type of grass grows in the forest and near the
more areas at the bank of Kochhar of Ganga and bank of these moonj baskets and bags, beautiful
Yamunariver with its subsidiary rivers Sarpat and are lightweight, and very well in utility in all
kasha are used for making moon craft same weather. Generally, Moonis harvested during the
condition is in Amethi district. January and Feb months of each year, and the
peal of stalks left out in the deform Most of the
Near about 1500 women is painstaking cut soak practice done by women they gather raw material
color and weave the kasha grass with a from carpet plants and kashaplants and then take
combination of the Carpetor Sarkanda Grass that the color and boil the color with water and enter
is used for binding the kasha grass and giving a the raw material in the hot water and after some
shape of according to artisan to craft magic and time the three raw materials color in their
form Moonj craft with or without lids or a range according and women make this product in
they make bread baskets and laundry and keep deferent shape this craft has been transferred from
shake baskets and they make all the table ware one generation to other and across the generations
mat cot round and square fruit basket for the table that have kept it revieve even in modern time now
and shopping basket for shopping and is eco- time and this eco-friendly craft and make the
friendly sustainable fully biodegradable this is a product a cording to their convenience after they
green product in free in a variety Brilliant Colors, finished daily chores. The art of basket making
Textures, And Style (Alvarez Arias BT). and weaving with natural coloration. and all these
are agricultural craft product and is so old as
As we know that Moon and grass are important to pottery the ancient nomadic food gatherers were
wild grass that grew near the bank of mansaita, reeds and cuts plants leave together to prepare the
Yamuna, and gang river of Allahabad bark moonj boxes, bags to hold the craft has traditional
is the upper layer of the sarkanda Local names of significances as the product is given later with the
willow plant grass that is and knotted after peeled advent of different cultures basketry take the
out and been practiced for their last 200 years desired shape this type of product is daily or
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

rituals purpose. special patterns are involved in In the 2018 ministry of textile submitted an end
creating the different products in ancient color review report on zero defects, the Zero Effect-A
today if the item has to look impressive bright and report submitted by the Ministry of Textiles
shining color including tablemate containers, Striving to Promote, facilitate and Production,
basket new design like as earrings fruit basket. Employment, and Exports Ministry working on
Promotion of Technical Textiles. And the
Objective contribution of 7% of industrial output, 2% GDP,
15% Indian export earnings.
 To study agricultural handicrafts of Uttar
Pradesh and ODOP on rural and tribal Tamal Sarkar (2011) has concluded that the entire
people of the handicraft sector. handloom and craft sector is situated in
 Suggest new strategies and ways to the ageographic concentration called a cluster, and he
development of handicraft index for highlighted that artisan of these clusters face
ODOPentrepreneursforincreasingdemanda problems in which there is no relation between
ndsupplyofhandicraftproductsintheCOVID artisan and buyers.
19era.
P Mathew (2011) said that our country is one of
Review of Literature the critical suppliers of handmade crafts in the
global but the on-availability of cash in the
Community-based Entrepreneurship has the handicraft sector degrades the opportunity of
potential to solve the problem of migration of mass production and tremendous crafts man.
people within the country and to help India to (Yadav U.S, et al 2020) pointed out the strategies
become the Hub of MSME industries. for the development of the handicraft sector in
Researchers and market players indicate that this India and for the welfare of artisans of Uttar
sector has been impacted considerably during and Pradesh
after the lockdown. Berkel, RenéVan (2020)3,
‘India’s Manufacturing Reel-impact of COVID- Kamala Devi Chattopadhyay’s (2012) 'India's
19. Mohi-us-din, Mir & Bhutan (2014), "A Study craft tradition' has given a real picture of the
of the Impact of Government Policies on working condition of handicrafts workers, she
Marketing Strategy of Handicrafts during disease also highlighted due to foreign entry in Indian
periods." Handicrafts are the unique expression of handicrafts getting tuff competition, lack of
our Community and culture. A large group of technology also plays a vital role in lags of Indian
population is directly or indirectly depending handicrafts.
upon handicrafts for their livelihood Economic
perspective alone. Jaya Jaitly (2019) in her paper 'Craft tradition of
India' has focused on craft artisans’ struggles their
Khan, W. A, and Amir. Z (2013) published their life, she also noted down that artisan life is so
research paper "Study of Agribusiness and hard to narrate the condition of the weaver
Handicraft Marketing Strategies of Artisans in
Uttar Pradesh and Its Implications". They Following literature supports the current study,
highlighted that the handicraft sector is lacking like the study done by Ahlavat Vanita(2018)1. Her
Govt support on how well the artisan can produce paper titled “an analysis of growth and association
the article of handicraft by and how they between labor productivity inIndia’s textile
introduced it and four p that place, price, industry” has discussed her paper that most of the
production, and last is promotion. laborers are women in the textile industry. A
study conducted by Roy, Patnaik, and Satpathy
(2020)8 for 747 small business enterprises found a

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

drastic fall in the growth rate of net sales by (−) A majority of worker are 60 percent are has
66.7% in the first quarter of the financial year attended little or no schooling and 29 percent of
2020–21. The situation worsened further when the worker are never attended schooling 13 percent
government announced the extended nationwide are% below primary level 18 percent are
lockdown amidst the COVID-19 crisis. Ananda, completed primary education .23 percent have
Abhishek, et. al (2020)2. ‘Impact of COVID-19 studied middle level,10 percent are a higher
pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium school,5 percent are senior use on dry,2 percent
Enterprises (MSMEs): India report’, Microwave are graduate or higher degree level morel
Consulting, Lucknow, India has discussed the handloom worker are educated in North East
impact of a pandemic on handicraft MSME sector areas of Uttar Pradesh have 60 percent Andhra
Jaya Jaitly (2019)4in her paper 'Craft tradition of 42 percent Karnataka 39 percent west Bengal 37
India' has focused on craftsperson’s and struggle percent who have never attended the school
of their life, she also noted down that artisan life
is so hard narrated the condition of the weaver in The social condition of people in Uttar
Fatehpur Sikri. Ahlavat Vanita (2018)1, in her Pradesh people involved in handicraft through
Paper title "An Analysis of Growth and ODOP are social very backward and mostly SC
Association between Labour Productivity and and ST are working as and OBC are involved they
Wages in the Indian handicraft industry and are seen with the eye of poor people they are
textile." Results suggested that there is enormous completely social y weaker in comparison of rich
gender disparity in employment; that is women people and upper c and urban people tribal people
are very few in comparison to men workers. are completely involved in handicraft sector from
published their research paper "Study of thousands of years ago but their social condition
Handicraft Marketing Strategies of Artisans in does not improve till the date as government
Uttar Pradesh and Its Implications". Pandey and aspect even government has tried to improve their
Pillai (2020)7conducted a study covering 5000 social condition and participation in
MSME enterprises during the lockdown and education,politics, industry, infrastructure,
found that 71% of them could not pay services sector, The economic situation of people
salaries/wages to their employees for March 2020 involved in odopartisan work that is involved in
(Yadav et al 2020). handicraft sector 64 % artisan and worker are
economical poor 23 % artisan and worker are not
The educational situation of people involved in poor but they can run their craft at minimal level
the handicraft sector through ODOP in Uttar 17 prevent artisan are working as an entrepreneur
Pradesh Moonj craft in figure 1 though ODOP please see
this Uma Shankar (Yadav et al 2021).

Figure 1: Moon craft basket including ODOP

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

Figure 2 Moonj craft during field survey

But now the craftsmen use different media to Handicraft products list of handicraft
evaluate and express their craft and its originality. products: Handicrafts of India - A Shopping
This diversity of handicraft products is termed in Guide see figure 3
textile, metal, pottery, wood, fabrics, ceramics,
and precious and semiprecious glass product.

.
Source: photo taken by the author during field survey pottery product.

The stone of glory the stone of wonder and color full pattern that looks like leaves and trees
infinite history, its sajar like structure sometimes time moon, hen, lord
Vishnu, Monkey, cloud different decorative
Banda city of Shazar was discovered in the band a flower structure are set up on the shajar star it is
district of Bundelkhand region about 400 years natural print so he named it sazar in Arabic .in
ago in Banda. The one who discovered it was India n language haqiq or asphatic in the Hindi
an Arab man. Arab was memorized its important language.
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

Due to its shins and uniqueness and religious if promoted properly as per the regulation of
value linkage, the stone is exported to foreign exporters hajj pilgrims from all over the world
country people but due unwillingness of the shajar stone written Quran ayat at Saudi
Indian government and Uttar Pradesh government Arabia,that is exported from Banda the
behavior the export of sazar stone has been Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh through
decline sharply, as we know that it is a small agents. this semi-precious stone of glory and
industry and there is maximum demand of this beauty and should get its worthy praise and fame.
stone in Muslim country y but less local demand there is a need for some extra and major boost to
there is nothing value or less value in India even this sajar stone but without the help of the govt, it
the stone is popular in middle east country like as seems near impossible to export to get fame in
bahren Saudi Arab, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Israel, and the. See figure 4 below
this ensure cent percent success of export program

Sazar the identity of Banda, glory of Kane river, the Bundelkhand region

Sources: ODOP 2018

is called as dendrite agte. it is a homogenous

stone and is found in various patterns and colors.
These agates are basically of four types. Depend
on the different structure.
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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

1. Plane (Agate) of the stone is colorful patterns of leaves, trees,

2. Ring mountains, animals, symbols, etc. There is a local
3. Lenin myth about Shazar. It is believed that stone prints
4. Dendrite impression of any object which lies in front of it
for a long time. But it’s not true. There is a
And this agate is also known as tree agate and scientific process behind the formation of images
fungus agate this is found in Banda s ken river on on Shazar stone. The patterns we see on shazam
the bank of Banda district in the Bundelkhand are nothing but entrapped fossils of fungus (basic
region of Uttar Pradesh the specific character of algae). A fungus, which is entrapped between two
shazar stone is its colorful pattern leave leaves or more pieces of shazar stone, produces either
trees mountain animal, symbols, etc., and there is acid or base. This acid/base makes the stones
different print or patterns and there is a local myth translucent and acts as inorganic glue which
about this semiprecious stone .there is chemical coagulates the separate stones into one. The
acid-base inorganic stone translucent Dendrite fossils of fungus left inside the stones look like
Agate(Agate) is Shazar and is also known as Tree patterns of leaves or trees and ad beauty to the
Agate(Agate) and Fungus Agate. It is found stone. Figure 5
exclusively in Banda's Ken River. The specialty

Technical Facts About Shazar Stone

Haqiq ,hakeek Tree Agate / Dendrite Agate/ Dendrite Agate/ Ken River
Common Name
Stone
Chemical
Ca (Mg.Fe.Ae.)[(SiAl2)O6]
Configuration
Mon, Granular, Masses and Short Columnar Crystals triangle prismatic
Types of Aggregation
oval heart shape
Black, Greenish, Brownish and Colourless white orange-browncolor in
Colour
the
Lustre Vitreous
Density 3.3-3.6
Hardness 6.5-8

The facts provided are based on observation and Andhra Pradesh is famous for its cutlery, dainty
due to some creative thinking of them on an bozos and paper knives a different design. in
interview with Shazar Exporter based in Banda. Tamilnadu especially in Madurai which is
rosewood carvings. And Karnataka is famous
2. Woodwork for its famous elephant image and furniture
made sandalwood is also used to make utility
The important handicraft product made from and decorative items, which are different
wood and the northern country and in wooden decorative creeper, birds and animals and most
work northern India has a rich culture, in of the female are create Kumble in Kerala. is
Assam bamboo cane and Chhattisgarh is famous and Jharkhand is also famous for
specialized in a wooden craft like masks, doors, wooden work.
different window frame, and wooden sculpture,

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

Figure 6 bamboo product photo taken during ODOP

3. Pottery 4. Leather

Khurja pottery industry Pottery is so famous In the leather sector, Uttar Pradesh is famous
industry of Uttar Pradesh and it is the most specially Kanpur district t of Uttar Pradesh is
known form of all arts. Different traditions are called a leather city in India, and in the old age
known for handmade pottery in northern India time of convention to leather skill in India in
Pottery is considered to be the most sensual ancient time leather was not only used for cloth
form of all arts. This is a basic them of making but also cap, hat, saddle shoes,
Harappa civilization and in Uttar Pradesh, this garments, footwear, like as Kolhapur chappal is
pottery is famous in the different color black famous all over the country which is made in
dark and brown colure in Rajasthan a district the Maharashtra state of India. Madhya Pradesh
Alvar is famous for its kagjipottery and blue is also famous for its leather industry in India.
pottery of Jaipur is much famous in India. see figure 7 below

Figure 7 photo taken during hunaarhaat in 2019

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23
5. Jute as we know that west Bengal and position in the field of jut industry and jute
Bangladesh in the independent era was the made jute bags, footwear, jut Bengal wall
major part of jute production in Hindustan and hangings, and much other famous product,
this is jute craft product is the main creation of Assam, Bihar, Bengal. And it is a famous
jute artisan and a huge range of the jute product handicraft market see figure 8.
are these craftsmen have created a worldwide

Figure 8 photo taken during field survey

6. Shell as India is famous for its sheep product decorative bowl chandeliers these places are
and shell industry in itsneighboring country and located in the Gulf of Mannar, Groveland
there is three major class of shell handicraft Odisha, table matsare also being the product
product. like forks, mirror frames, lockets, see figure 9

Source figure 8 photo taken during field survey.

7. Brass Handicrafts different kinds of brass like lord Ganesh figure

vases, tabletops, ornament boxes, wine glass
Brass and metal brass industry in a different the artisan that is involved in brass handicrafts
part of India is famous it a famous handicraft are known as Kansas and these products are
industry in Uttar Pradesh Moradabad also manufacturing in Rajasthan. See figure 9
called peetalnagri and Rajasthan there are below.

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23
.

Source figure 9 taken from ODOP

8. Bamboo Handicrafts bamboo and bamboo-related article are

generally bamboo crafts they are eco-friendly
Bareilly pilibheet Lakhimpur Kheri is famous handicraft products. there are various items
for bamboo ad-related craft Bamboo made made of bamboo-like as baskets, dolls,
industry is famous creation of northeast India jewellery, toys, Waal hangings these
and especially of schedule tribe people of seven handicrafts are manufactured in Assam,
sister state in India also called the northeastern Tripura, and west Bengals,
region of India. handicrafts that are made by

Source:figure 10 during field survey.

On the whole viewpoint of wives, we can also generation to generation and there is the quest
see that each region bamboo craft is the unique for new technology and innovation and
and eco-friendly handmade product when it varieties of inventions of wood product (Uma.S
polished there is an extra charm on the products Yadav et al 2021).
this tradition of crafts has evolved through

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

9.Phulkari’s diagonal in design and complete the work is

done in yellow and white, brown silk floss on
Phulkari embroidery: this famous Panjabi and cotton khaddar and a famous fabric called
Haryanvi technology mean flowers work that kasha a bulbul, these fabrics are colures and
was a time when used as embroidery but as the bright full and in modern fashion, the designers
time passed there were named phulkari, but this are incorporating this phulkari into different
time passed the term of the word has restricted garments and its use has spread to jackets,
in swales and scarf’s it is a kind of the bags, cushion convertible cover and many
embroidery that has a complex design which is more. see figure 11.
made in horizontal, vertical, and sometimes

Sources figure 11 photo taken during ODOP faire in 2020

10. Zardozi India that is Uttar Pradesh generally y this work

was important with silver wires and real gold
Zardoziand jari embroidery work involve the leaves abut as time passed today the craftsmen
creation and elaborate design and application of make use of a combination of the copper wire
silver and gold threads with small pearls and which is in silver or gold polished and a silk
precious and semi-precious stone that increase thread. The famous centers for Jardonj work are
the look of zardozi craft, there are different Lucknow, Kashmir, Agra, Delhi, Mumbai,
intricate design of gold and silver that are made Ajmer, Chennai, and BHOPAL. see figure 12
of silk, velvet and even use in form of tissue see below.
material that is famous in the largest state of

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

Source figure 12 photo taken during MaghMela 2020.

11. Saris and Silk the weaving of sari is a household tradition in

rural India especially in south India like as
If we describe the dressing sense of Indian different sari example chandery sari,
women and especially in Hindu religion then Kanchipuram sari it has modern look and
their wearing cloth sari or lehnga are generally some motifs and it introduces new shinning
used in the these are about 4.5 meters to 8 colors, Andhra state is known as for its cotton
meters long that women wrap around the widest sari with rich golden borders and it has heavy
and drape one end over the shoulder and if we phallus and in Karnataka state dark grey to
discussed northern India and especially east earthy colors, one of the famous sari product of
India is famous for its silk sari that is in Karnataka is the real sari that is in a rich color
different colors and magnificent a famous sari like pomegranate color red peacock blue, and
that is called banarsi sarimong and Assam silk parrot green one famous brand of the sari in
and Baluchari sari in West Bengal is very Maharashtra is paithani sari which is better in
famous in India, banarsi sari is in silver and locking in grey to golden color. See figure 13.
gold barcodes and jari fine silk. If we see that

Source figure 13 photo taken during field survey bu author

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23
12. Carpet weaving a glimpse of Indian handicrafts sector in Uttar Pradeshup play
handicraft to the whole of the world. animportant role in carpet weaving in carpet
Tajmahal culture it figures and better design are
In north India especially in Uttar Pradesh given in different print and there is more than
purvanchal region in Bhadohi district and 500 carpets manufacturing unit in the spotted
spread in Sonbhadra Banaras, Mirzapur, and city of bhadohi it makes the bhadohi as a
some part of Jaunpur district. Especially this is leading hand-knotted and durries, tufted carpet
in my field survey so broad knowledge about type in bandha district. This industry is a basic
the carpet weaving the type that is produced in hub in south Asia and also in Jammu and
bhadohi rang and its skill and craft quality and Kashmir industry hubs in South Asia. Also,
different color and many of the factors of Jammu and Kashmir are known for their silk
development and lagging of the carpet will be carpets, which are mostly woven in Srinagar.
discussed in Uttar Pradeshdescription of

So
Source: figure 14 carpet figure taken during field survey.

Figure 15 Sazar stone of Banda photo taken during field survey buy author.

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23

Sources: figure 16.The picture was taken by the author during a field survey of Sazars tone of banda

Bareley is also famous for bamboo craft and district is popular for world-famous carpets and
zari-zardozi craft in the utter Pradesh there are there are 70000 artisans and around one lakh
thousands of the micro and small units of this loom are running in the district there are 510
industry there are near about 2.5 lakh people are export units in the district this carpet is famous for
involved in the manufacturing of the products. unknotted and tufted carpet at the global
there are many handbags, jackets, sari, level.bhadohi carpets during field survey for this
scarfsBhadohiis the brand of carpets and this figure below taken during field survey.

Figure 17 photo taken by the author during field survey. Carpet making in bhabhi

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23
2. Research methodology and data changing the environment. The research is
analysis undertaken with a particular emphasis on
handicrafts artisans of Banda and Prayagraj
The present study is descriptive, and the stratified district of 100 artisans, Sample areas are
random sampling method has been applied for Sonbhadra, Bhadohi, Banda, Prayagraj of Uttar
data collection and data collected without Pradesh and Sample size is 100.

Data Analysis and Result

Table I. Data showing percentage and deviation in during field survey of ODOP Product
Source: Compiled by author

Do Std.
Valid Missing Mean Range
deviation
What type of agricultural business 100 0 1.43 .462 1
Have to get training for the work 100 0 1.30 .467 1
Design of the agricultural product 100 0 1.39 1.056 1
Use of agricultural handicraft 100 0 2.23 .742 1
Moonj, bamboo, jute Artisans are
Associated with 100 0 2.63 1.605 3
Production is carried out in openor in
House 100 0 1.90 .689 3
Sources of the raw material in field or
Forest 100 0 3.49 .714 2
Any difficulty to get the raw material 100 0 1.36 .916 3
Nature of agricultural labor required 100 0 1.29 .482 1
Labor 100 0 2.16 .456 1
Is it your full-time work 100 0 1.46 1.012 3
To whom do you selly our product 100 0 3.77 .500 1
Product is exported or not 100 0 1.51 1.602 4
Do we get the expected price 100 0 1.57 .498 1
Do you get sufficient income 100 0 1.70 .785 1
The number of handicraft artisans is
Increasing or decreasing 100 0 1.48 .502 2
The flow of agricultural products is
Increasing or decreasing 100 0 1.48 .502 1
Consumption of the product is
Increasing or decreasing 100 0 1.57 .490 1
Comparison with machine-made
Product 100 0 1.39 .461 1

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23
From Table 1 it is inferred, 70 % of agricultural quantitative analysis of Research methodology
handcraft workers believe that they are much both from primary and secondary data collected
capable of creating agricultural handmade from an online survey and different databases
products rather than machine-made products due obtained from the government, NGO self-help
to variety. group

Discus and strategies for development of 5. Result

ODOP of Uttar Pradesh
It has been clear from the above discussion that
Development of national handicraft index as women agricultural entrepreneurs in the
well as Global handicraft index: Strategies at the handicraft industry (ODOP) can solve the
Government level problem of income of rural rail and urban people
of Uttar Pradesh, the generation gap in migration,
In this crucial index development which Author employing gap in India, and to decrease the
seen and obtained response from respondent diverse impact of Covid 19, and hence boost the
during the sample survey, there should be at least Indian economy. Prayagraj, Sultanpur, Banda
10 parameters in making national handicraft index Gorakhpur Azamgarh black pottery handicraft
or making global handicraft index, at first global and Bhadohi district has one of their chest
handicraft index level the parameter should be a traditions of handicrafts in the country and has
number of artisans in that reason, which country good market potential by employing many
has better economic situation of handmade artisan families involved in handicrafts. These training
and industry, situation of handicraft infrastructure, programs need to be planned according to the
natural and traditional handicraft situation, mixed market requirement so that they can make use of
craft situation, level of happiness in handicraft training immediately. Indian economy will get a
sector in which there should be two categories boost when more workers from this sector will be
women happiness level and total happiness level, involved in this sector and income will be
the export position of a handmade product in generated to increase the GDP of the country.
country level, patent level, job level, best skill in
world level, which country is investing more in 6. Conclusion
this industry, which has highest number of
handicraft industry in the world, and which Even in this tough time, the pandemic situation
country handmade product are in maximum has created more problems to people of the whole
demand in case of export and import at world world and migrant people have lost their jobs and
level and which country best quality of handmade they returned to their country, state from own
product with sustainable quality, best digital state economy slowdown of the whole world but
system of handicraft app, best technology of in this situation, ODOP and in this handicraft
handicraft training and making the product with sector has potential to provide job and to create
use of modern and best quality, in the handmade and upgrade their skill and start-up at the local
industry in the global position this index will level to provide more job to solve the problem.
create a healthy environment in handicraft sector ODOP has, however, suffered due to pandemics
for artisans and well as competition, awareness and it is being unorganized, with the additional
and utility value in our daily life, to understand constraints of lack of education, low capital, and
the our heriatgeioue product art and craft, inadequate exposure to new technologies, absence
technology, conservation, mass level and local of market intelligence, and an insufficient
employment generation stopping the brain drain, institutional framework.
migration of people, entrepreneurial development.
Declaration of conflict of interests

It involves the application of descriptive

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 Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res. (2022). 9(2): 1-23
The Author declared none of the conflicts of IOSR Journal of Business and
interest concerning research Authorship and Management, 19(04), 46–50.
publication of this article. doi:10.9790/487x-1904034650
Anand, A, et.al (2020). Impact of COVID-19
Acknowledgment pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium
Enterprises (MSMEs): India report.
I acknowledge that this article is original and not Microwave Consulting, Lucknow, India.
submitted to any other journal and I am thankful https://www.microsave.net/wp-content/
to those authors who supported me in writing and uploads/2020/06/Impact-of-COVID-19-
data collection during the field survey. pandemic-on-micro-small-and-medium-
enterprises-MSMEs-India-report-1.pdf
GoI(2020). COVID-19: Finance Commission’s
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Uma Shankar Yadav, Ravindra Tripathi, Mano Ashsish Tripathi. (2022). One district one product
(ODOP) of Uttar Pradesh: New initiative for developing Global Handicraft Index. Int. J. Adv.
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