MIDWIFERY PHARMACOLY

Name: BAI SAIDA KRISDALYN H. ADAM BSM 3

1. What is prescription?
is a formal communication from a physician or other registered health-care
professional to a pharmacist, authorizing them to dispense a specific prescription
drug for a specific patient. Historically, it was a physician's instruction to
an apothecary listing the materials to be compounded into a treatment—the symbol ℞
(a capital letter R, crossed to indicate abbreviation) comes from the first word
of a medieval prescription, Latin: Recipere ("Take thou"), that gave the list of
the materials to be compounded.

2. What are the 4 parts of prescription?

*SUPERSCRIPTION- Rx

*INSCRIPTION- Prescribed medicines and their dosage.

*SUBSCRIPTION- Instruction to the pharmasist.

*SIGNA/TRANSCRIPTION- Instruction to the patient.

3. Make a sampleof a complete prescription and label it’s parts.

4. What the types of orders from the doctors when administer the medicines?

ROUTINE ORDERS: This is an order that is carried out until the physiciancancels it by
another order or until a prescroibed number of days elapse.

PRN ORDERS: This an order to be given when a resident requires it.

SINGLE ORDERS ( ONE TIME ORDER ): This is a medication to be given only

at a specific time.

STAT ORDERS: This is an order that is to be implemented immediatley.

HOLD ORERS: Sometimes a physician will want to hold a medication for a period
of time. A medication may be held provided order has been received.

DISCONTINUED ORDERS: Often times a medication may be discontinued for

resident. Upon receiving the physician order, the medication is permanetly stopped
and the medication destroyed or returned to the pharmacy per protocol.
 5. Differentiate the over the counter drugs and regulated/controled drugs,
give 10 examples of each.

REGULATED / CONTROLED DRUGS

1. Atorvastatin

This is prescribed to reduce the risk of a heart attack. This drug is also used to
decrease the chances of undergoing heart surgery. Moreover, atorvastatin is used to
lower the levels of fatty substances like low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or bad
cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood with the goal of increasing the good
cholesterol or high-density lipoprotein (HDL)

2. Levothyroxine

It is used to treat an underactive thyroid gland condition

called hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones are essential to the body’s every cell and
organ because they regulate the rate at which calories are burned, affecting both
weight loss and weight gain.

Thyroid hormones also regulate the heartbeat, control the way muscles contract, and
influence the rate of how fast dying cells are replaced. Levothyroxine is taken to
make up or replace the missing thyroid hormone called thyroxine.

3. Omeprazole

This medication is usually prescribed to someone experiencing gastroesophageal reflux

disease (GERD) and erosive esophagitis. GERD is a condition where too much acid is in
the stomach, causing symptoms such as belching or burping, heartburn, indigestion,
and even flatulence (farting). It is omeprazole’s job to reduce the acidity in the
stomach and help heal the esophagus and stomach from acid damage.

4. Gabapentin

It is an antiepileptic/anticonvulsant drug used with other medications to prevent and

control seizures. It is taken orally with or without food. Doctors would usually
prescribe the patient to take it regularly to maximize its benefits. Patients are
also advised to stop taking gabapentin only with a doctor’s approval.
 

5. Antihistamines
These are commonly used to treat allergies and symptoms such as sneezing and rashes.
Allergies happen when the body reacts to a “foreign substance” and activates its
defense mechanism, including histamine The drugs are also used to treat various
conditions such as colds, stomach problems, and anxiety.

6. Albuterol

This medicine prevents and treats breathing difficulties, wheezing, coughing, and
other related conditions caused by lung diseases like asthma. It relaxes the air
passages and opens them up to make breathing easier. Albuterol is usually taken
orally using a special jet nebulizer or an inhaler.

7. Antibiotics

These are prescribed medicines that fight off bacterial infections. First discovered
in 1928 by Alexander Fleming, this drug kills bacteria and eradicates them from the
body. Viral infections like colds, runny noses, most sore throats (except strep
throat), flu, and bronchitis cannot be treated with antibiotics.
 
When not needed, misused, or not fully used according to prescription, antibiotics
can do more harm than good and produce side effects.

8. Losartan

It is used to treat high blood pressure by blocking a substance in the body that
causes the blood vessels to tighten. This is taken in tablet form, according to the
doctor’s prescription.
 
Losartan also lowers the risk of stroke in patients with high blood pressure and
cardiomegaly or enlarged heart. Type 2 diabetes patients and those with a history of
hypertension also take it to address kidney problems.

9. Metformin

It is a prescribed medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes and even prevent it if

someone is at a high risk of developing the disease by lowering blood sugar levels. 

10. Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone was first patented in 1923, with the long-acting formulation being
approved in 2013. It is widely known as the active ingredient for prescription pain
relievers.
 
Hydrocodone is usually prescribed as a last resort because it can lead to addiction.
Because it is addictive, the drug is subject to a written controlled prescription
from a doctor every time it has to be filled.
 
Hydrocodone, along with homatropine, is used to relieve cough. Hydrocodone is a
narcotic antitussive or a cough suppressant, acting directly on the brain’s cough
center for relief.

OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS

 
1. Biogesic 500 mg Paracetamol
Biogesic is one of the best over the counter drugs in the phildrugs phliippines that help relieve
headache, pain, and fever relief. Biogesic medicine has been recognized by the filipinos for over
50 years and always comes in the best over the counter drugs list. It can be used during an
empty stomach it can be used by elderly persons, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers.

2. Sleepwell 3mg
Sleepwell is a herbal supplement that contains melatonin, helps to make people sleep. It treats
insomnia during falling asleep. Sleepwell supplements must be taken per the doctor’s
consultation beacuse over the counter sleeping pills are not authorized o be taken without a
valid prescription.

3. Symdex-D Paracetamol
Symdex-D medicine is used to get relief from cough, cold, and flu caused by allergies. It is a
nonprecription drug and OTC cough medicine that helps relieve watery and itchy eyes, runny
nose, and sore throat. Before using symdex-D medicine, carefully read the instructions on the
package of the medicine.

4. Advil 200mg
Advil, an OTC medicine, provides pain and fever relief or inflamation caused by different forms
such as headache, toothache, back pain, arthritis, menstrual cramps, or minor injury. It also
works as over the counter cough medcine. Advil medicine can be used by the elderly and
children above two years old.

5. Neozep Forte 10mg/2mg/500mg

 In the over the counter drug list, Neozep Forte medicine comes to provide relief from the runny
and clogged nose, sneezing, headache, fever, and body aches. In addition, this over the counter
cough medicine is used during a common cold, allergic diseases, flu, and other minor
respiratory infections.

6. Bioflu 500mg/2mg/10mg
Bioflu contains paracetamol +chlophenamine maleate + phenyleprine HCI that belongs to the
group called antifungals. Bioflu medicine is used to stop fungal infections in the mouth, throat,
or other body parts. It helps to kill fungi by destroying the medicine into thefungal cell
membrane. Bioflu, an over the counter medicine, also works during fingernails, toenails, and
vagina infections.

7. Xtracee Plus 562.54mg

Xtrace plus contains sodium ascorbic + zinc sulfate salts that help to treat the person’s vitamin C
and Zinc deficiencies. Xtracee plus, over the counter drugs in the philippines, is used more
commonly during the pandemic to boost the immune system. As it’s an over the counter drug
but not used for a more extended period, consult the doctors or specialists for the same.

8. Opthamax 500mg
Opthamax is a food supplement containing ascorbic acid + d alpha tocopherol + lutein + beta
carotene + zeaxanthin. Opthamax over the counter medicine provides multivitamins and
minerals to treat vitamin deficiencies caused by poor nutrition, pregnancy, digestive disorders,
and many other problems. Opthamax medicine also works as a vitamin to treat eye health.

9. Immunpro 500mg
Immunpro contains sodium ascorbate and zinc to treat vitamin C deficiencies. It is used to boost
the immune system of adults and children. Immunpro medicine can be usded orally, once a day,
or as instructed by the specialists or healthcare provider.

10. Fern-C 500mg

Fern-C is another vitamin C medicine that helps in the prevention and treatment of vitamin and
zinc deficiency. Fern-C medicine is one of the most vitamin OTC medicines in the philippines to
treat wound healing and improve body immunity from infectious conditions. In addition, it is
used to keep healthy gums, teeth, bones, and other connective tissues.
 PHILIPPINES HEALTH CARE LAWS
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