Scribd
Upload
32 views

Signaling Protocols For Voip Signaling Protocols For Voip: Dr. Ahmed A. Khalifa

The document discusses the signaling protocols used in VoIP, specifically those used in H.323 systems. It describes the three main H.323 subprotocols: H.225 for registration, admissions, and status (RAS) signaling; H.225 for call signaling based on Q.931; and H.245 for capabilities negotiation and logical channel establishment. For each subprotocol, it provides details on their functions and procedures used in call setup and management in H.323 networks.

Uploaded by

Zakaria Elaguab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views

Signaling Protocols For Voip Signaling Protocols For Voip: Dr. Ahmed A. Khalifa

The document discusses the signaling protocols used in VoIP, specifically those used in H.323 systems. It describes the three main H.323 subprotocols: H.225 for registration, admissions, and status (RAS) signaling; H.225 for call signaling based on Q.931; and H.245 for capabilities negotiation and logical channel establishment. For each subprotocol, it provides details on their functions and procedures used in call setup and management in H.323 networks.

Uploaded by

Zakaria Elaguab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Signaling Protocols for VoIP

By:
Dr. Ahmed A. Khalifa
Agenda
• H.323 Sub-protocols
• H.225 - RAS
• H.225 - Q.931
• H.245

2
H.323

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - RAS

• RAS is short for registration, admissions, and


status signaling

• RAS is referred to as H.225 pre-call control


in an H.323 environment with a gatekeeper

• The reliable Transport Control Protocol (TCP)


shall be used to support both H.225 and H.245

• The unreliable UDP is mandatory for the audio,


4
video, and RAS channels
H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
H.225 RAS

• Gatekeeper discovery process: If an endpoint doesn't have prior


knowledge of its gatekeeper, it can use the gatekeeper discovery
process to find out.

• Endpoint Registration: After gatekeeper discovery, the endpoint


has to register with the gatekeeper to utilize its services.

• Admissions: Every endpoint has to request for permission from its


gatekeeper before making a call. The gatekeeper then grants
permission and furnishes the information required by the endpoint,
or denies permission stating the reason for it.
•

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
H.225 RAS
• Bandwidth management: During a call session, the endpoint
can request to its gatekeeper to increase or decrease the
bandwidth allocated to it. Depending on the bandwidth
availability, the gatekeeper grants or denies permission.

• Status inquiry: During a call the gatekeeper can enquire about


the status of the call form the endpoints through status enquiry
messages.

• Disengage: After the termination of the call, the endpoints are


required to inform the gatekeeper of it through disengage
messages.

• RAS is not used if a Gatekeeper is not present.

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
H.323

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - Q.931 (H.225)

• H.225 is entitled “Call signalling protocols and media


stream packetization for packet-based multimedia
communication systems”

• H.225 has as its primary function the management of


audio, video, and control information in order to
provide “conversational services” for H.323 equipment

8
H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - Q.931

• Q.931 is a subprotocol often associated with


call signaling in H.323 environments

• Q.931 is actually called the “ISDN user-


network interface layer 3 specification for
basic call control.”

• H.225 makes use of the packetized version of


this recommendation

9
H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - Q.931 Call signaling

• The H.225.0 is used for connection establishment and


termination between endpoints.
• It is based on ITU's Q.931 protocol.
• The calling endpoint sends a Q.931 setup message to
the endpoint that it wishes to call.
• The called endpoint accepts the connection by
transmitting a Q.931 connect message or rejects it.
• Once the H.225.0 connection is established, either the
caller or the called endpoint provides an H.245 address,
which is used to establish the control protocol (H.245)
channel.

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
H.323

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - H.245
• H.245 is the “Control protocol for multimedia communications”
• Handles capabilities exchange between H.323 endpoints
• Handles configuration of the logical channels between
them

• The H.245 Control Channel is a reliable channel (TCP) that


carries control messages governing operation of the H.323
entity

• There is only one H.245 Control Channel per call.

12
H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - H.245 Capabilities

• Master-slave determination process: It is used to


determine the master of the call for avoiding conflicts
during call control operations

• Capability exchange procedure: Each endpoint


notifies the other what kind of information it is
capable of receiving and transmitting through the
receive and transmit capabilities

• Logical channel procedures: Used for opening and


closing logical channels between the endpoints used
for data transfer
•
H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - H.245 Capabilities
(Cont.)
• Request mode command: at any point during the
conference, the receiving endpoint can request for a
change in mode of the transmitted information

• Control flow command: This can be used by the


receiver to fix an upper limit for the transmitter bit rate
on any logical channel

• Conference request and response messages:


Used for controlling a multipoint conference, eg.
password requests, conference chair control

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
Subprotocols - H.245 Capabilities
(Cont.)
• Round trip delay commands: Used for measuring
the round-trip delay between two endpoints on the
control channel. ( Keep-alive messages).

• Video fast update command: Used for requesting


updates for video frames, in case of data loss.

• End session command: After this command the


endpoints close all logical channels, drop the call
and inform the gatekeeper about the end of the call.

H.323 Intro. H.323 Components H.323 Subprotocols H.323 Operation SIP MGCP
References

1) Lingfen Sun, Is-Haka Mkwawa, Emmanuel Jammeh, Emmanuel


Ifeachor, “Guide to Voice and Video over IP: For Fixed and Mobile
Networks”, 2013

2) Pramode K. Verma, Ling Wang, “Voice over IP Networks: Quality


of Service, Pricing and Security”, Volume 71, 2011

3) Bruce Hartpence, “Packet Guide to Voice over IP”, First Edition,


2013

4) Jonathan Davidson, James Peters, Brian Gracely, “Voice over IP


Fundamentals”, Cisco Press, 2000

16
Thank you!

17
Questions

18

You might also like