Scribd
Upload
142 views

Differences Between DSM 5 and DSM

The document discusses the key differences between the DSM-5 text revision (DSM-5-TR) and a new edition of the DSM. It notes that a text revision involves systematic updates to the text and clarifications based on new evidence, while a new edition involves substantive revisions or additions of diagnostic criteria sets. It then lists several important changes between DSM-5 and DSM-5-TR, including revised text for almost all disorders, the addition of prolonged grief disorder, over 70 modified criteria sets, and updated terminology regarding gender identity and sexual orientation. The document also answers questions about the process for changes to the DSM, the rationale for prolonged grief disorder as a diagnosis, and why only ICD-

Uploaded by

momina sarwar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
142 views

Differences Between DSM 5 and DSM

The document discusses the key differences between the DSM-5 text revision (DSM-5-TR) and a new edition of the DSM. It notes that a text revision involves systematic updates to the text and clarifications based on new evidence, while a new edition involves substantive revisions or additions of diagnostic criteria sets. It then lists several important changes between DSM-5 and DSM-5-TR, including revised text for almost all disorders, the addition of prolonged grief disorder, over 70 modified criteria sets, and updated terminology regarding gender identity and sexual orientation. The document also answers questions about the process for changes to the DSM, the rationale for prolonged grief disorder as a diagnosis, and why only ICD-

Uploaded by

momina sarwar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Differences between DSM 5 and DSM-5-TR

What is the difference between a text revision of DSM and a new edition _


A A text revision of DSM is released when a number of changes to the text that
accompanies the description of disorders and their criteria are warranted by new
evidence or the need for more clarity. Although the text of DSM-5 had occasional
corrections since its release in 2013, DSM-5-TR was a systematic text revision based on
the literature in the 10 years since the development of DSM-5. In contrast, a new edition
of D.  SM is released when there are enough advances in the field to support the
creation, substantive revisions, and elimination of multiple diagnostic criteria sets or
disorders.

Q.  What important changes to DSM-5-TR appear in the new edition?


A.  These are the major changes from DSM-5 to DSM-5-TR:

 Revised text for almost all disorders with updated sections on associated features,
prevalence, development and course, risk and prognostic factors, culture,
diagnostic markers, suicide, and differential diagnosis

 Addition of the new diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder to Section II

 Over 70 modified criteria sets with helpful clarifications since publication


of DSM-5

 Fully updated “Introduction” and “Use of the Manual” to guide usage and provide
context for important terminology

 Considerations of the impact of racism and discrimination on mental disorders


integrated into the text

 New ICD-10-CM codes to flag and monitor suicidal behavior and nonsuicidal
self-injury that can be used without the requirement of another diagnosis

 Updated ICD-10-CM codes implemented since 2013, including over 50 coding


updates new to DSM-5-TR for substance intoxication and withdrawal and other
disorders

Q.  What is the process for making changes to DSM?


A.  Anyone can initiate the process for consideration of a proposal for changes to DSM;
see here for more information. Proposals must provide all information requested for
consideration; see the DSM-5 Proposals Submission Guidance Document posted here.
Changes can be made when warranted by evidence from new research without waiting
for a new edition of DSM.
Q.  What is prolonged grief disorder, and why is it being recognized as a diagnosis?
A.  Years of research and clinical experience indicate that some people experience a
persistent inability to overcome their grief for the loss of a loved one for at least one year
or more, with intense yearning or preoccupation with thoughts or memories of the
deceased person almost every day since the death. These symptoms are severe enough
to impair day-to-day functioning. In addition, the duration and severity of the
bereavement reaction must clearly exceed what is expected based on standards related
to the individual’s social, cultural, or religious background. This does not mean that
people feeling grief periodically one year or more after the loss of a loved one have the
disorder. However, those with intense and impairing grief after one year may be
considered for the diagnosis.

Q.  Does creating the diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder have the effect of
pathologizing grief?
A.  The diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder is not intended to pathologize grief.
Individuals who meet the criteria for prolonged grief disorder experience something
dramatically different from the grief normally experienced by anyone who loses a loved
one. The grief is intractable and disabling in a way that typical grieving is not. People
whose symptoms meet the criteria for prolonged grief disorder need and deserve to get
appropriate care.

Q.  What changes were made to DSM-5-TR related to gender identity and sexual


orientation?
A.  There have been updates to the terminology to describe gender dysphoria based on
updated culturally sensitive language. The term “desired gender” is now “experienced
gender,” the term “cross-sex medical procedure” is now “gender-affirming medical
procedure,” and the term “natal male”/“natal female” is now “individual assigned
male/female at birth.” The entire text of the Gender Dysphoria chapter has also been
updated based on the literature.

Q.  Why have DSM codes been dropped from DSM-5-TR and only ICD-10-CM codes


are used?
A.  There are no DSM codes. The codes that appear in DSM are the ICD codes that are
equivalent to the DSM diagnoses given the version of the manual. For DSM-5-TR, only
ICD-10-CM codes are used because this is the version of ICD that is in effect in the
United States. ICD-10-CM stands for the International Classification of Diseases, 10th
Edition, Clinical Modification. Although based on the World Health Organization’s ICD-
10 codes, ICD-10-CM codes in DSM-5 (and thus DSM-5-TR) have been modified from
ICD-10 for clinical use by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National
Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and provide the only permissible diagnostic codes
for mental disorders for clinical use in the United States. In the United States, the use of
ICD-10-CM codes for disorders in DSM-5-TR has been mandated by the Health Care
Financing Administration for purposes of reimbursement under the Medicare system.
The use of these diagnostic codes is fundamental to medical record keeping and
facilitates data collection, retrieval, and compilation of statistical information.

Q.  Why are there some changes to criteria sets for mental disorders in DSM-5-TR?
A.  As discussed in more detail in the DSM-5-TR “Introduction” section, changes to
criteria sets occurred through different formal mechanisms that were separate from
the DSM-5-TR text revision process. A formal proposal and review process, across
several stages, conducted by the DSM Steering Committee, is necessary for changes to
criteria sets. All proposed changes to criteria sets are also reviewed and approved by the
APA Assembly and APA Board of Trustees. For some criteria sets, such as the addition
of the new prolonged grief disorder, the review process for the criteria had begun
before .the development of DSM-5-TR started, and formal approval of the criteria set
changes coincided with the publication of DSM-5-TR.

You might also like