Scribd
Upload
213 views

Lesson 1 Mathematics in The Modern World

This document contains a module about the nature of mathematics. It discusses mathematics in nature, specifically the Fibonacci sequence found in patterns in flowers and other biological systems. The Fibonacci sequence is defined and examples of calculating the nth term are provided using Binet's formula. The document also discusses the Golden Ratio and its presence in Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man drawing, encouraging students to measure parts of their own body and compare ratios to the Golden Ratio of approximately 1.618.

Uploaded by

AUDREY DANCULOS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
213 views

Lesson 1 Mathematics in The Modern World

This document contains a module about the nature of mathematics. It discusses mathematics in nature, specifically the Fibonacci sequence found in patterns in flowers and other biological systems. The Fibonacci sequence is defined and examples of calculating the nth term are provided using Binet's formula. The document also discusses the Golden Ratio and its presence in Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man drawing, encouraging students to measure parts of their own body and compare ratios to the Golden Ratio of approximately 1.618.

Uploaded by

AUDREY DANCULOS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

B.E.S.T. COLLEGE OF POLOMOLOK, INC.

Valencia Site, Polomolok, South Cotabato


Tel No. (083) 500-2258

MODULE 1: The Nature of Mathematics

Introduction
Mathematics is more than numbers and variable x. it does not end in finding the value of a variable nor finding the
solution set.it is more than graphing on a cartesian plane and constructing a three-dimensional figure. During your
practical Research subject, Mathematics plays a big role in collecting, organization, and presentation of your data.
However, its application goes beyond than that of a requirement. So, what is mathematics? What role does
mathematics play in your life? In this chapter, you will find out how mathematics is reflected in our nature.

Unit 1: Mathematics in Nature

UNIT LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the chapter, the student will be able to:


 Give example of Fibonacci sequence in nature.
 Determine the nth term of a Fibonacci sequence.

Nothing can beat the beauty of nature. Finding mathematics in nature at a first glance may seem less obvious but, if
one does take time to examine the nature, then one can describe its beauty mathematically.

Activity 1. Identify the name of the flower and the number of its petals.

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD 1


Image Name Number of petals

The numbers 3, 5, 8, and 13 are all


parts of the Fibonacci Sequence.
The number of petals of a Fibonacci
number. The man behind this sequence
is Leonardi Pisano Bogollo, whose
nickname is “Fibonacci”. Study the
pattern of the Fibonacci Sequence below.

Term (Fn) 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 …

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD 2


Term number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 …
(n)

Finding the 80th term of a Fibonacci sequence, it may take you an hour or more to find it. However, one may calculate
the Fibonacci number using the Golden Ratio. It is usually denoted using the Greek letter “phi” φ or ϕ
The Golden Ratio is a special number which is approximately equal to 1.618034 and may be used to
find the nth term of a Fibonacci Sequence using Binet’s Formula

1. Binet’s Formula

Fibonacci Sequence
Fibonacci Sequence

The Fibonacci sequence is the series of numbers where the next term is found by adding up the two numbers preceding it.

Let’s explore the sequence formed above: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, …


Beginning with the first term, 1, the second term is 1 also since there is only one number preceding the first term. The
third term, 2, is found by adding the two numbers (1 + 1) preceding it. The fourth term, 3, is found by adding the two numbers (1 +
2) preceding it. This pattern applies to all succeeding terms of the sequence.
Example 4.
Find the eight term of the Fibonacci sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, …
Solution:
Make a table and list down the terms in a Fibonacci sequence. Add the preceding two find the succeeding term.

Term (Fn) 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 …
Term number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 …
(n)

To get the 8th term, which is 21, the sixth and seventh term are added. So, 8 + 13 = 21. Therefore, adding the two
consecutive terms will result to another term of the Fibonacci Sequence.
Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2
Where: Fn = Fibonacci number
Fn-1 = the previous term
Fn-2 = the term before Fn-1
Example:
Find the 10th term of the Fibonacci sequence.
Solution:
Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2
F10 = F10 – 1 + F10 – 2
F10 = F9 + F8
F10 = 34 + 21
F10 = 55

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD 3


Example:
1. Find the 26th term of the Fibonacci Sequence.

Using Binet’s Formula


Solution:26
n = 26
1+ √ 5 n 1− √ 5 n
( ) −( )
Fn = 2 2 Formula
√5
26 26
1+ √ 5 1−√5
( ) −( )
F26 = 2 2 Substitute the value of n.
√5
1+ √ 5 26 1− √5 26
− 06
271 443− 3.6840 x 10
F26 = ( )^ = 271 443 ( )^ = 3.6840 x10− 06
√5 2 2
, subtract
271 443
F26 = Divide
√5
F25 = 121 393 Answer

2. Find the 31st term of the Fibonacci Sequence.


Solution:
n = 31
n n
1+ √ 5 1− √ 5
( ) −( )
Fn = 2 2 Formula
√5
31 31
1+ √ 5 1 −√ 5
( ) −( )
F31 = 2 2 Substitute the value of n.
√5
1+ √ 5 31 1− √5 31
F31 = 3 010 349− ¿ ¿ ( )^ = 3 010 349 ( )^ = -3.3219 x10− 07 , Add
2 2
3 010349
F31 = Divide
√5
F31 = 1 346 269 Answer

Aside from the famous painting Mona Lisa, Leonardo da Vinci was also known for his Vitruvian man. It was
one of the most important works of the Italian Renaissance. According to Vitruvius (1942), the 15 th century drawing was
also known as “the proportion of the human body”.

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD 4


Leonardo da Vinci [Public domain]
Golden ratio = 1.618034

Discover how Golden Ratio is evident in human body.


My Data

Measurement

Distance from your knees to the ground A = _____________________


Distance from your belly button to the ground B = _____________________
Distance from the top of your head to your C = _____________________
belly button
Distance from your wrist to your elbows D= _____________________
Length of yor hand E= _____________________

Get the ratio of the following and round-off your answer to the nearest ten thousandths.

1. B ÷ C = ______________________
2. B ÷ A = ______________________
3. D ÷ E = ______________________

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD 5

You might also like