Scribd
Upload
31 views

NTRODUCTION

Sociology is the scientific study of human behavior and society. It focuses on how people interact within groups and societies, and examines social problems. Sociology uses scientific methods like experiments, surveys, and analysis to study abstract concepts and concrete facts objectively. Key concepts in sociology include studying society and social institutions like the family. Sociology emerged in the 19th century as an academic discipline in response to modernity and industrialization. It applies the methods of natural science to the study of human behavior and social phenomena.

Uploaded by

Sabeen Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views

NTRODUCTION

Sociology is the scientific study of human behavior and society. It focuses on how people interact within groups and societies, and examines social problems. Sociology uses scientific methods like experiments, surveys, and analysis to study abstract concepts and concrete facts objectively. Key concepts in sociology include studying society and social institutions like the family. Sociology emerged in the 19th century as an academic discipline in response to modernity and industrialization. It applies the methods of natural science to the study of human behavior and social phenomena.

Uploaded by

Sabeen Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

NTRODUCTION

Sociology is a social science that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social
relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. 
1. the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society.the study of social
problems.

Sociology; is the scientific study of human behavior. As the study of humans in their
collective aspect, sociology is concerned with all group activities, economic, social,
political and religious. sociology study such areas as bureaucracy , community deviant
behavior , family , public opinion , social change , social mobility , social
stratification and such specific problems as crime , divorce child abuse and substance
addiction . Sociology tries to determine the law governing human behavior in social
contexts.
Sociology as science

Sociology as a science
Sociology can be considered a science as it involves systematic methods of empirical
research analysis of data and assessment of theories. In addition it ask questions
which can be quantified. Sociology uses scientific methods such as experimental
method, historical methods, comparative, structural functional methods.
With the help of methods, sociology studies abstracts as well as concrete facts. It is
viewed as science for the following reason.

a) Facts
a ) FACTS
On of the main objective of science is the seeking of facts and keeping of high level of
objects so that those facts that are sought for all scientist are independent of their
subjects that is inclination. In this case therefore sociology is a science which bases
its studies on objectivity as opposed to subjectivity in its search for facts for example
in administration of questionnaires. Sociology keeps high level of objectivity in
seeking facts from the respondent.

b) The Law that governs human behavoiur


b) The laws that governs human
behavior
Using the positive approach , sociologist are able to establish the laws that govern
human behavior in the same way as natural scientist have established laws that that
govern human behaviour. In the same way as natural scientist have established laws
that govern natural world.
Positivism asserts that social scientist should study human behavior and apply the
same technique used by natural scientist. It shares many similarities with empirical
research method employed by natural scientist such as objectivity in collection of
data. The study of what can only be seen measured and observed with the purpose of
discovering what because things happen

c)Method of Data collection


Sociologist use qualitative and quantitative method of data collection the same way
as natural scientist do. Analysis of human behavior is studied scientifically by the
application of objectives method of data collection such as qualitative interview and
case studies.

Key concepts of sociology


1) Society

Key concepts of sociology


The society
It is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations such as social
status, roles and social networks. It can be also a large social grouping that shares the
same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and
dominant cultural expectation.
2) Family
The family
Is a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity or co- residence. In most
societies, it is the principal institution for socialization of children. Extended from
human ‘family unit ‘by affinity, economy, culture, tradition, and friendship
and the concept of the family that are metaphorical or that grow increasingly
inclusive extending to natural hood and humanism

Origin of sociology
THE ORIGIN AND SCOPE
OF SOCIOLOGY
The emergence of sociology as
a discipline
th
Sociology emerged as a scientific discipline in the early 19 century and as an
academic response to modernity such as industrialization and urbanization. Sociologist
hoped not only to understand what held social organization disintegration.
The world sociology was coined by French thinker Augustine Comte in 1938 from Latin
word socins (companion or associate) and Greek (logos) meaning believe.
Early interview approach into sociology led by Comte was to treat it as much manner
as natural science applying the same method and methodology used in natural science
to the study of phenomena.
th
In the early 20 Century sociology expanded in USA including both the development
macro sociology interested in the evaluation of societies and micro sociology i.e.
study of every day human interaction on a small scale basis.
In the 1930’s in the US Talcott Person developed the structural functionalist theory
which integrated the study of social order and objective aspect of micro and macro
structural factors.
Social Psychology
a) Social psychology
This is a discipline that incorporates sociology and psychology in the study of human
interaction and behavior. It tries to identify the mental process that take place in the
course of interaction and how they influence human behaviuor.
Rural Sociology
b) Rural sociology
It tries to understand the social interaction of people from the rural areas. It is a
result of unique social problem that people face e.g. unemployment, gender, poverty
mobiliosation.
Medical Sociology
c) Medical sociology
Studies social and mental cause of disease It is a discipline that shows that disease is
caused by germs e.g. bacteria, some are caused by social problem e.g. stresses,
isolation. It studies lifestyle disease e.g. cancer caused by smoking. It is a discipline
that stresses prevention rather than treatment.
Industrial sociology
d) Industrial sociology
It is a discipline that studies the interaction between the factors of production
Criminology.
e) Criminology
It studies criminal possession and nature of crime from social point of view.f) Political
Is a branch that studies how power is shared and distributed in a society? It attempts
to understand the various form of leadership that existed through history.

You might also like