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Elements of Poetry: Grade 8

Poetry uses sounds, rhythms, and imaginative language to describe the world. It has various elements such as structure, speaker, lines, stanzas, rhythm, meter, rhyme, imagery, and types of figurative language. There are also many forms and types of poetry including narrative, haiku, free verse, formal verse, lyric, ballad, epic, dramatic, concrete, limerick, rhyming couplet, sonnet, ode, elegy, and hymn.

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Kelello Seabelo - Modibe
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54 views

Elements of Poetry: Grade 8

Poetry uses sounds, rhythms, and imaginative language to describe the world. It has various elements such as structure, speaker, lines, stanzas, rhythm, meter, rhyme, imagery, and types of figurative language. There are also many forms and types of poetry including narrative, haiku, free verse, formal verse, lyric, ballad, epic, dramatic, concrete, limerick, rhyming couplet, sonnet, ode, elegy, and hymn.

Uploaded by

Kelello Seabelo - Modibe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Elements of Poetry

Poetry- A type of literature that uses sounds, rhythms, and meanings of words to describe the word
in striking and imaginative ways.

Structure – The way the words and lines are arranged.

Speaker – The person or character who communicates the words of the poem.

Poetic Language is specific, imaginative, and rich with emotion. Every form of poetry has
its own structure.

Lines- Poetry is divided into lines or groups of words.

Stanzas – Lines that are organized units of meaning.

Couplet – Two-lined stanza

Tercet – Three-lined stanza

Quatrain – Four-lined stanza

Stanza break – A blank line, signals that one stanza has ended and a new stanza is beginning.

Refrain – Lines or group of lines that are repeated at regular intervals in a poem or song. In a
refrain, the poet reminds readers and listeners of a key idea, event or image. Often, a refrain is
repeated at the end of each stanza.

Variations – When a poet changes one or more words in each repetition.

Rhythm – A beat created by the stressed and unstressed syllables in words.

Meter – A pattern of rhythm.

Foot/Feet – Meter is measured in feet or units of stressed and unstressed syllables.

Rhyme – Repetition of vowel and consonant sounds at the ends of words.

Rhyme Scheme – A particular pattern or rhyme, example: abab

Alliteration - The repetition of consonant sounds in words, as in slippery slope.

Repetition – The use of any element of language-a sound, word, or phrase-more than once.

Assonance – The repetition of vowel sounds in stressed syllables that do not rhyme. Example-
Calling and squawking like crows, they fought.

Consonance – The repetition of consonant sounds in stressed syllables with different vowel
sounds. Example-Gulls gracefully pass across the sky.

Grade 8
Onomatopoeia – The use of words that imitate sounds – splat, hiss, gurgle.

Denotation – The literal, dictionary definition of a word.

Connotation - Ideas and feelings that a word brings to mind.

Tone – The attitude the writer projects in a poem. Tone can be determined by word choice and
poetic elements that the author uses.

Imagery - Descriptions that appeal to the five senses. Imagery helps poets convey what they hear,
see, smell, taste, or touch.

Literal Meanings – The meanings found in a dictionary.

Figurative Language- Language that is not meant to be taken literally.

 Simile: Uses the word like or as to compare two seemingly unlike things.
Ex. His hands were as cold as steel.

 Metaphor: Describes one thing as if it were something else.


Ex. My chores were a mountain waiting to be climbed.

 Extended Metaphor: Carries a metaphor throughout part or all of a poem.

 Personification – The writer gives human qualities to a nonhuman subject.


Ex. The fingertips of the rain tapped at a steady beat on the windowpane.

 Analogy – Explains, clarifies, or illustrates by drawing conclusions.

 Allusions – Direct or implied references to people, places, events, literary works, or


artworks.

Types of Poetry:

1. Narrative - Poetry that tells a story, contains elements similar to a short story, such as plot
and characters

2. Haiku – A three (3)-lined Japanese verse poem. The first and third lines each have five-
syllables and the second line has seven. Describes something in nature.

3. Free Verse – Poetry that does not have a strict structure. It has no regular meter, rhyme,
fixed in length, or specific stanza pattern.

Grade 8
4. Formal Verse – A poem that follows a fixed, traditional pattern that may include a specific
rhyme scheme, meter, line length, or stanza structure.

5. Lyric – Poetry that expresses the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker, often in a
musical verse. (song)

6. Ballad – Song that tells a story, often deals with adventure or romance.

7. Epic – A lengthy narrative poem involving a time beyond living memory in which
extraordinary men and woman are involved in complicated events.

8. Dramatic Poetry – Presents a drama in verse. The action is told through the words the
characters speak.

9. Concrete – Poems that are shaped to look like their subjects. The poet creates a picture on
the page.

10. Limericks – Humorous, rhyming. Five-line poems with a specific rhythm pattern and
scheme.

11. Rhyming couplet - Pairs of rhyming lines, usually of the same meter and length.

12. Sonnet – A poem that contains fourteen (14) lines.

13. Ode – A lyric poem that praises an important person, place, or thing.

14. Elegy – A lyric poem that expresses sadness over a death or the passing of time.

15. Hymn – A religious song or poem of praise

Grade 8

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