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Volcano (Gap Fill)

Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust where magma escapes. Nearly 90% of the world's 1500 active volcanoes are located on the Ring of Fire along tectonic plate boundaries, where the movement and interaction of plates causes friction and melting within the crust. Different types of volcanoes form depending on the viscosity of the lava and speed of eruption. While eruptions can be deadly, as the 79 AD eruption of Mount Vesuvius that buried Pompeii shows, volcanoes also create much of the Earth's land and enrich the soil, demonstrating that the planet remains dynamic below its surface.

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Minh Hằng
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39 views

Volcano (Gap Fill)

Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust where magma escapes. Nearly 90% of the world's 1500 active volcanoes are located on the Ring of Fire along tectonic plate boundaries, where the movement and interaction of plates causes friction and melting within the crust. Different types of volcanoes form depending on the viscosity of the lava and speed of eruption. While eruptions can be deadly, as the 79 AD eruption of Mount Vesuvius that buried Pompeii shows, volcanoes also create much of the Earth's land and enrich the soil, demonstrating that the planet remains dynamic below its surface.

Uploaded by

Minh Hằng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ESP 1 – Listening htrang.dav@gmail.

com

FOLLOW-UP PRACTICE
VOLCANOES
A few hundred years ago, scientists believe that volcanoes were burning mountains of fire. Today,
we know they are really (1) ______________________________ of the planet. About 1500
volcanoes around the world are classified as active. Nearly 90% of these rest in the Ring of Fire,
(2)______________________________.

Their location is no accident. While the Earth's surface looks stable, (3)_____________________
_______________________________, like puzzle pieces, that constantly shift. Where these
(4)_____________________________ interact, volcanoes often form. Friction from shifting
plates melts the Earth's crust, causing rock beneath the crust to liquefy. This molten rock, or
magma, then becomes a volcano by erupting through (5)_________________________. Once the
magma escapes from the Earth, it's called lava, but not all lava is the same. Runny lava flows
quickly and forms the (6)____________________________. Thick, sticky lava doesn't flow as far
and tends to form the steeper slopes of composite volcanoes. Composite volcanoes can erupt
violently, (7)___________________________ at speeds up to 200 miles per hour. These eruptions
sometimes blow away (8)____________________________ itself.

Some volcanoes like Hawaii's Kilauea form over hot spots in the earth's crust where magma rises
in the middle of a tectonic plate. Kilauea is one of the most active volcanoes on the planet and it's
erupted continuously since 1983. Because Kilauea is the shield volcano, this constant eruption is
the gentle one. Lava (9)_____________ from Kilauea constantly (10)___________________ new
land, making Hawaii the only state that's still growing.

Living near a volcano can be (11) ______________________________ of Pompeii learned in the


79 AD when Mount Vesuvius erupted, (12)________________________________, poisonous
gas and rock. This deadly combination, called a (13)________________________, is far more
dangerous than a lava flow. Vesuvius buried Pompeii, claiming the lives of 2000 people.

Though volcanoes can be deadly, they also provide benefits. Volcanoes created 80% of the Earth's
surface as well as much of the air we breathe today. Volcanoes create rich soil for farming and
many countries (14)________________________________________________. Both creators
and destroyers, volcanoes prove that beneath its calm surface, earth remains a living planet and
(15)_____________________.

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