ISSN (Online) 2581-9429

IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2023

Impact Factor: 7.301

Pharmaceutical and Medical Supply Chain

Management
Prof. Balaji A. Chaugule1, Saurabh Chavan2, Nikhil Chavan3, Rohit Shinde4, Tamanna Mulani5
Professor, Department of Information Technology1
Students, Department of Information Technology2,3,4,5
Zeal College of Engineering and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Abstract: In order to deliver a material flow [3].It can be challenging to create performance
with an ideal cost and time usually, supply measurement criteria in a supply chain, which makes
chain management becomes more crucial in evaluating performance in supply chains, especially multi-
the developing globe. To build a better vendor supply chains, challenging [4]. Additionally,
network of suppliers for their end consumers, supply chain management fosters collaboration between
several industries concentrate on supply chain regional and international businesses in order to manage
management optimization and qualifications. interactions among all supply chain participants and to
Supply chain management is important for the combine the excellence of management processes [5].Due
quality of the services provided and patient to logistics, pharmaceutical products, and patient
satisfaction, particularly in the healthcare happiness, supply chain management is becoming more
industry, where it applies to both significant in the healthcare sector as a way to provide
pharmaceutical items and hospital supplies. As higher-quality services than in other industries.
a result, the relevance of supply chain Additionally, the healthcare industry has seen a
management in healthcare is highlighted by tremendous amount of change.
numerous research. The purpose of this study Rapid over the past few years. Despite the fact that the
is to present a review of the literature on methods and techniques have issues in industrial settings,
supply chain management in the healthcare many healthcare organisations are aware of the need of
industry in order to provide context by using a better methodology and method to implement their
highlighting significant examples and studies supply chain management plans [6]. In both the public and
that run concurrently with the most recent private sectors, increasing supply chain management
research. Additionally, by examining research effectiveness is closely related to raising healthAcare
in the literature, this literature review will quality.
evaluate a perspective to comprehend how to In this investigation, research about supply chain
manage a complicated supply chain in the management in the healthcare industry published between
healthcare sector. 2000 and 2018 will be looked into. The study is divided
into four main sections: introduction, literature review,
Keywords: Healthcare supply chain, Virtual analysis, and conclusion and discussion. The introduction
centralization, Vendor Managed inventory provides background information and a brief introduction
Learning to supply chain management in healthcare. The literature
review examines the topics and methods of supply chain
I. INTRODUCTION management in healthcare.
Supply chain management (SCM) is a term used to
describe a group of businesses that move products from II. LITERATURE SURVEY
suppliers, product assemblers, merchandisers, and From a case study in Singapore, Kumar, Ozdamar, and
transportation firms to the final consumer [1]. A supply Zhang (2008) looked into a cost-cutting strategy for the
chain can also be defined as the flow of products, services, medical suppliers. They also came to the conclusion that
and information that begins with raw materials and ends although while information technology (IT) initiatives start
with the end user [2]. The research continues to highlight out with a high initial cost due to the lack of professionals,
the growing significance of supply chain management some just-in-time (JIT), reengineering, and outsourcing
Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/568 857
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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2023

Impact Factor: 7.301

reductions may be cost- effective. Cost savings from patient care services are difficult to foresee and there are
information technology can be achieved during the first numerous independent private and public companies,
stages of supplier identification [7]. Shah, Goldstein, Unger, and Henry (2008) sought to
Meijboom, Schmidt-Bakx, and Westert (2011) explained explore the work design by improving it for a supply chain
how a different study focused on organisational management in healthcare. These businesses typically
shortcomings influencing patient care and how Supply work together and have a rhythm when it comes to supply
Chain Management principles could be used to address chain operations. They used four independent
them. Additionally, they offered a literature review that organisations to define the various supply chain processes
included industrial healthcare processes. They have mainly in the healthcare sector and to comprehend the
concentrated on integration, appropriate IT procedures, mechanisms involved [14]. In the healthcare industry,
and supplier lead times [8]. Sinha and Kohnke (2009) found a gap between rising
While there are some applications of RFID systems that demand and the present high-quality supply, as well as an
can be installed in a cost-effective manner [9], the current issue with cost and time effectiveness in both developing
RFID systems in the healthcare supply chain are too and established nations. To educate healthcare supply
expensive to apply. This was the focus of a different study chain management and to incorporate continual
by Kumar, Swanson, and Tran (2009). RFID devices improvement as a definition of quality and technical
enable healthcare supply chains to be more effective and advancements, they have developed a framework made up
cost-reductive. Attaran (2012), on the other hand, has of the three A's: access, affordability, and awareness [15].
discussed key success factors and the most recent Cook et al. (2001) examined whether supply chain
challenges in implementing RFID systems within management is effective in the service sector as it is in the
healthcare supply chain management, and the advantages manufacturing sector. They demonstrated increased
and disadvantages of applying RFID systems in supply quality, decreased prices, and shortened lead times, all of
chains have been identified in terms of costs and which are outcomes of a highly effective healthcare supply
procedures [10]. A distribution model for inventory has chain [16]. The rise in pharmaceutical supply chain
been put up by Uthayakumar and Priyan (2013), efficiency is explained by a different study. In this study,
combining the supply chains for hospitals and pharmacies. an Australian e-commerce project gives the health care
With the help of the model they proposed, they were able sector access to an information system integration and
to determine an ideal proposal for lead time and available receives better data as a result [17]. An e- commerce
lot size by illuminating a numerical example [11]. The integration-based supply chain model was presented by
model they proposed took into account the lead time, time Chandra and Kachhal in 2004. They also demonstrated
and space availability, customer service levels, and other various techniques for inventory and purchasing
factors as well. Pharmaceutical Supply Chains have been procedures, including optimization and simulation [18].
assessed by Settanni, Harrington, and Srai (2017) in terms Kim (2004) conducted another e-commerce study that
of manufacturing and distribution models. Additionally, incorporates statistical findings to determine the effects of
they divided the modelings into categories and came to the B2B e-commerce in the health care sector. He carried out a
conclusion that Pharmaceutical Supply Chain definitions survey and analysed the findings to demonstrate that
are heavily focused on production-centered definitions and internet-based integration enhances supply chain
have shortcomings to reflect patient consumptions [12]. management in the healthcare industry [19]. McKone-
A Literature Review on Supply Chain Management in Sweet et al. (2005) investigated the application
Healthcare 571 [email protected] of supply chain management in the healthcare industry.
In terms of agility and lean manufacturing, healthcare They discovered some limitations, including lack of
supply chains have been examined by Aronsson, leadership, ambiguous incentives, data collection and
Abrahamsson, and Spens (2011). By establishing a supply evaluation, team operations for procurement, and all
chain orientation, they attempted to comprehend how the parties in the chain. The key issue is the practical
process of healthcare supply chains can be agile and lean application of leaders' and managers' understanding of the
and what is required by applying an empirical analysis supply chain, which has a direct impact on supply chain
with the help of agile and lean philosophies in supply performance [20]. Kim conducted a real-world study at a
chain management in healthcare to develop the hospital, which shown that by enhancing the supply chain
effectiveness of healthcare supply chains [13]. Given that management system, inventory levels could be reduced by
Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/568 858
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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2023

Impact Factor: 7.301

over 30%. Pharmaceutical inventory management such as internal and external hurdles to putting
procedures and purchasing practises are part of this environmental principles into practice. In order to
development. At each stage of the supply chain, inventory understand how laws affect a hospital's suppliers,
levels were optimised using a transparent approach. This researchers also looked at a private healthcare provider as
solution links the ordering process to the online system a case study. They came to the conclusion that hospitals
and improves the accuracy of demand forecasting. Costs typically chose local suppliers to support the local
decreased as a result of a drop in inventory [21]. economy [27].
Regarding the challenges of supply chain management in Bhakoo and Choi (2013) looked at various components of
the healthcare industry, see Langabeer (2005). He a supply chain, such as distributors, manufacturers, and the
examined the state of management systems at the time and healthcare industry, to evaluate the adoption and response
looked into the reasons for the lack of technology of IOS in hospitals. They came to the conclusion that IOS
utilisation. 572 T. Beldek et al. [email protected] implementation is extremely complicated and that internal
He offers guidance for next research on implementing new pressures can have varied effects on healthcare supply
technologies to enhance the healthcare supply chain [22]. chains [28]. In their 2016 article, Kwon et al. highlighted
The e-adoption of the healthcare supply chain was a the significance of supply chain management in the
different topic that Zheng et al. (2006) researched. They healthcare industry in terms of patient spending in
created a framework that takes into account supply, comparison to the rate of readmission. In order to boost
business, and health in terms of how each enterprise supplier profit and enhance the supply chain process, they
should use e-commerce in light of the English National also looked into the three key strategic areas [29].
Health Service [23]. Baltacioglu et al. (2007) provide a
standard supply chain model for the service industry. The III. PROBLEM STATEMENT
essential parts of the chain are incorporated in the To provide a framework for an online medical chain
proposed model and include capacity, demand, customer supplier portal.
and supplier relationships, service management, and order Lack of visibility and highly manual processes can lead to
operations management. This concept can be used in the increased costs throughout the healthcare supply chain.
healthcare industry [2]. In order to characterise each Healthcare Supply Chain Management comprises several
component, such as entities, data and information flows, processes, involvement of different team members,
processes, etc., Kitsiou et al. (2007) researched the movement of pharmaceutical drugs, medical devices, and
healthcare supply chain and analysed its information other essential items. Suppliers, work together in the entire
system. In order to enhance the value of the healthcare supply chain process to deliver the best service to a patient
supply chain management system, they also propose new by providing a framework for an online medical chain
technical alternatives [24]. supplier portal.
As a case study, Sousa et al. (2011) developed dynamic
programming to optimise the issues with a pharmaceutical IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
company's global supply chain. The study's goal was to In order we propose an efficient Healthcare Management
increase the company's net present value by taking into system which takes into consideration all the appropriate
account tax rates as well as production and distribution parameters including Customer, Blood Bank location and
costs that are spread out across several locations. Medical Store location to detect Medical supply
Additionally, they divided the problem into core and suitability.
secondary subproblems before creating this model [25]. The supply chain is made up of all procedures and actions
Rahimnia and Moghadasian (2010) looked at the supply used to deliver goods or services to a customer. The supply
chain managements' flexibility in the healthcare industry, chain may connect any number of medical facilities and
particularly in hospitals. Since the current system blood banks.
necessitates an agile and lean system for hospitals in terms A customer may supply another customer, resulting in a
of delivery systems, they did a case study to assess the variety of supplier/customer interactions along the entire
perspective of leagility in hospitals on behalf of a chain.
professional supplier [26]. Walker et al. (2008) conducted Depending on the products and markets, the distribution
research on crucial elements of green supply chain system may be direct from supplier to client.
management and efforts in the private and public sectors,
Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/568 859
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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2023

Impact Factor: 7.301

For user interface we have used Web technologies to build

website. Healthcare Management System helps to reduce
costs, increase supply chain efficiency and, depending on
how it is implemented, build greater agility and resilience
into the healthcare value chain.
Expiry of medicines should be checked on a regular basis
in case of manual entries. Ensure an adequate supply of
medicines at all times.
Allows clear and transparent communication this not only
provides visibility of the supply chain but also increases
effective communication and collaboration among the
healthcare supply chain. The supply chain is made up of
all procedures and actions used to deliver goods or
services to a customer.
The supply chain may connect any number of medical
facilities and blood banks.
A customer may supply another customer, resulting in a
variety of supplier/customer interactions along the entire
chain.
Depending on the products and markets, the distribution
Fig: Proposed System Architecture system may be direct from supplier to client.

4.1 Hardware Configuration

 Processor: 2 gigahertz (GHz) or faster processor.
 RAM: 4 gigabyte for 32-bit or 4 GB for 64bit.
 Hard disk space: 16GB.

4.2 Software Configuration

 Operating System: Windows OS
 Coding Language: JavaScript
 Other Tools: HTML, CSS, Cloud Database

Healthcare Management System captures and stores the Fig: Front-end part of website using HTML & CSS
medical history, tablets data, details of their previous
selling of tablets, upcoming requirements if any, customer,
want the details and stock of tablet available in a specific
medical store. The proposed system can also be used by
helps eliminate the need of tablet to get these details on
every visit of customer to that store. This System can be
used for comparative analysis of Medical Store Suppliers
Techniques and Customer requirements.

V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
The Trained model is used for prediction of the fake
reviews and genuine reviews. Different libraries are Fig: Front-end part of website using HTML & CSS
available in Python that helps in machine learning,
classification projects. Several of those libraries have
improved the performance of this project.

Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/568 860

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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)

Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2023

Impact Factor: 7.301

packages. NLTK, natural language toolkit is helpful in

word processing and tokenization. The project makes use
of Anaconda Environment which is an open source
distribution for Python which simplifies package
management and deployment. It is best for large scale data
processing studies about how supply chain management is
evaluated in conjunction with industry 4.0 applications in
health care systems to adapt to the most recent issues.

Fig: Medical Registration REFERENCES

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