Lesson

1 The Distance Formula

Hello! Welcome to your Lesson 1 of this module. You are expected to

finish this in at least one hour. However, you can extend your time based on
your pacing. If you have difficulty understanding the given examples and
discussions feel free to ask your teacher or anyone else to help you.
Good luck!

What I Need to Know

Lesson 1 of this module discusses the key concepts of coordinate

geometry particularly in deriving the distance formula. You will perform
various activities applying the knowledge and skills you have learned in
mathematics.
After going through this lesson, you are expected to:
1. derive the distance formula
2. find the distance between a pair of points on the coordinate plane
3. apply the distance formula in finding solutions to real life situations.

What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is/are a formula/s for finding the distance between
two points on the coordinate plane?
i. d
ii. d
iii. d
iv. d

A. i and iii B. ii only C. i, iii and iv D. iv only

1
2. What is the length of a line segment whose endpoints are F(-4, 6) and
G(6, 13)?
A. 13 B. 12.21 C. 7.28 D. 8.25

3. The distance between points C(x, 4) and D(9, -5) is 15 units. If C lies in
the
second quadrant, what is its x- coordinate?
A. -6 B. 3 C. 8 D. -3

4. Which of the following are the coordinates of B, if the distance between B

and D is 17 units and the coordinates of D are (-8, 5)?
A. (-10, 2) B. (10, -2) C. (-7, 3) D. (7,-3

5. Points P and C are points on the coordinate plane as shown in the figure
below.
y

P C

If the coordinates of P and C are (-1, 2) and (8, 2) respectively, which of the
following would give the correct distance between two points?
A. B. C. D.

6. What is the distance between two points as shown in the figure?

y

(4, 6)

(-4, 2)

A. 10.20 B. 8 C. 4 D. 8.94

2
7. Rhina decided to print her research project in a computer shop. She
prepares a grid representing the location of the four computer shops in their
town as shown below. If Rhina’s house is located at the origin, what is the
nearest computer shop to her house?
A. Wenz B. Xyle ‘C. Yack D. Zun

Zun (-2, 3)
Xyle (4, 2)

Wendz (-2, -2) Yack (5, -2)

8. Tanacio Minimart is mapped on the coordinate grid with the main entrance
as the origin. The bakeshop is located at the point (5, -8), what is the
distance between the main entrance and the bakeshop?
A. B. 13 C. D. 3
9. Benedict is creating a grid in designing his vegetable garden. He wanted
to
put a fishpond at the point (7, 3). What would be the length of the pipe he
needed if the water source is located at the point (-5, -3)?
A. 18 units B. 2 units C. 2 units D.12 units
10. What is the distance joining two points S(6, 2) and Q(6, -2)?
A. 1 B. 0 C. 4 D. 2

Check your Score! If your score is:

Score Action or Description

8-10 You are doing great! You may proceed to the next section after
reviewing the missed items.
3-7 You are doing good, but you need to study more .Take your time
and review on the missed items then proceed to the next section.
1-4 You need to study harder. Ask help from your teacher, parent or
friend. Take your time and review the missed items then proceed
to the next section

In the next section you will be assessing your knowledge and skills
of the different mathematical concepts previously learned particularly in
performing mathematical operations. These knowledge and skills will help
you understand the distance formula and its applications to real life
situation. You will perform series of activities. If you encounter difficulty in
the exercises, ask assistance of your teacher or peers or refer to the
modules you have studied earlier. 3
 What’s In

Notes to the Teacher

To assess student’s prior knowledge of the lesson let them do Activity 1
and 2. Students start in determining the length of a segment in a number
line bringing them to figure out the distance between two points on the
coordinate plane. The concept involves finding the distance between the x-
coordinates, finding the distance between the y-coordinates and finally
finding the diagonal distance using the Pythagorean Theorem.

Activity 1. What’s my Length?

Below is a number line, find the length of the indicated segments and answer
the questions that follow.
P Q R S T V

1. 4.
2. 5.
3. 6.

Questions:
1. How did you find the length of each segment?
2. Did you use the coordinates of points in finding the length of each
segment? If yes, how?
3. Is the length of the same as the length of ? How about and
? Explain your answer.

Was it easy for you to find the length of each segment? I am sure it
was! What is the significance of this activity to the new lesson? Let us find
out as we keep doing this module.

4
Activity 2. Jog to Catch Them Up!
Directions: Consider the scenario below and answer each question that
follow.
Robert was advised to jog everyday by his doctor because of his health
condition. With this jog routine activity, he decided that his route will start from
his house passing through the market then to the plaza and finally to the
coffee shop as illustrated in the figure below.
y

Robert’s House

Plaza Coffee Shop

Market

1. What are the coordinates corresponding to Robert’s house, Plaza,

Market and Coffee shop?

2. Connect the points representing Robert’s house (R), Plaza (P) and
Coffee Shop (C). What kind of triangle is formed?

3. By using the coordinates, how do you determine the horizontal

distance from P to C or to P? How about the vertical distance from R
to P or P to R?

4. How about the distance from Robert’s house (R) to Coffee Shop (C)?
What equation or formula you will use to solve its distance?

How was the activity you have just done? Were you able to get
the coordinates of a point on the coordinate plane? What about finding
the distance between two objects or places? Can you still remember the
process in finding the distance between any two objects? By taking into
account the next activity, let us find out the derivation of the distance
formula.

5
 What’s New

Activity 3. Let Me Figure Out

Directions: Look at the figure below, replace the coordinates of C by (x1, y1)
and R by (x2, y2). The resulting coordinates of P is (x2, y1).
y

R (x2 , y2)
22)

RC

C (x1 , y1)
P (x2 , y1)
22)
22)

The horizontal distance from P to C is the same as the distance from C

to P while the vertical distance from R to P is the same as the distance from P
to R. Thus, the expressions that represents the distance between this points
are the absolute value of the difference of their x-coordinates (horizontal) or y-
coordinates (vertical).
PC =|x1 x2| or |x2 x1|

RP =|y1 y2| or |y2 y1|

The horizontal and vertical distances of PC and RP can be illustrated

below. R(x2 , y2)

y2
y1

P(x2 , y1) C(x1 , y1)

x2 x 1 22)

6
Question:

1. By using the given length of and in the illustration above, how is

the length of the diagonal distance computed?
2. What do you think is the formula or equation to be used in finding the
distance between any two points? Explain.

Considering the illustrations and the activities presented earlier, you

were able to find the distance between any two points using the methods
you previously learned. Thus, you can figure out the distance formula. Now,
how does distance formula facilitate in solving real-life problems. You will
find out as you go through this module. Read and understand some
important notes pertaining distance formula as well as the examples
presented so that you will be guided in doing the series of activities.

What is It

Distance between Two Points

The distance between two points is always positive when the two
points are different, and zero if the points are the same. When the two points
are aligned horizontally, it can be obtained by getting the absolute value of the
difference of their x-coordinates. Similarly, the vertical distance between two
points can be solved by using the absolute value of the difference of their y-
coordinates.
Example 1. Find the distance between V(1, 3) and W(8, 3).

y
Solution:

V W

Since V and W are aligned horizontally, then VW = = 7 or VW = 7.

7
 Example 2. Determine the distance between Q(3, -2) and S(3, 6).
y
Solution:
S

Q and S are aligned vertically, so the distance between them is

QS = = = 6 or QS = 8

The Distance Formula

The distance between any two points in the coordinate plane can be
solved using the distance formula, whether they are aligned vertically or
horizontally.
Consider two points A and B with coordinates (x1, y1) and (x2, y2)
respectively. The distance d between these points can be calculated using the
distance formula

d= or

AB .

B(x2, y2)

AB

A(x1, y1)

Example 1: Find the distance between A(3, 5) and B(7, 8). x

8
 Solution: The following can be the steps in finding the distance
between A and B.

1. Let x1 = 3 , y1 = 5 , x2 = 7 and y2 = 8
2. Substitute the corresponding values of x1, y1, x2 and y2
in the distance formula AB
.
3. Simplify the resulting equation.

AB

5
The distance between A and B is 5 units.

Example 2. Calculate the distance between M(2, 6) and N(-5, 9).

Solution: 1. Let x1 = 2, y1 = 6 , x2 = -5 and y2 = 9

2. Substitute the corresponding values of x1, y1, x2 and y2 in
the Distance formula AB .

AB .

3. Simplify the resulting equation.

AB

AB or AB 7.62

The distance between M and N is units or

approximately 7.62 units

The distance formula has many applications in real life situations. It can
be used to find the distance between two objects or places particularly map
problems.

9
 Example 3. On the coordinate plane below, a map is drawn showing
the different health centers of Buenavista Municipality.
Each unit is equivalent to 4 kilometers on the coordinate
plane. If the coordinate of Lorega Health Center is (2, 6)
and Pulog Health Center is (10, 8). What is the shortest
distance between these two health centers?

Managok

Pulog
Kinate
Lorega

Santa Maria
San Rafael

Solution: 1. Let x1 = 2 , y1 = 6 , x2 = 10 and y2 = 8

2. Substitute the corresponding values of x1, y1, x2 and y2 in

the Distance formula d .

d .

3. Simplify the resulting equation.

d or d 8.25 units

Since 1 unit in the coordinate plane is equivalent to 4 units, multiply

the value of d by 4 to get the distance between Pulog Center and Lorega
Health Center.
(8.25) (4) = 33km

The distance between Pulog Health Center and Lorega

Health Center is approximately 33 km.

In this section your goal is to apply the main concepts of the

distance formula. To answer the given activities, use the mathematical10
principles and ideas and the examples presented in the previous section
 What’s More

Guided Practice

A. Fill me!

1. Fill the missing parts in solving the distance between two points S(3, 2)
and T(8, 12) by following the task given in the right column.

x1 = _____ x2 = 8
y1 = _____ y2 = 12 Find x1 and y1

ST Complete the distance formula

Substitute the values y1 and y2 in the

formula
Write the difference

Square the result

ST Add then simplify

2. Determine the distance between the following pair of points.

2.1. What is the distance between points R(0,3) and F(1, 4)?

A. B. C. D.
2.2. Find the distance joining the endpoints S(5, -1)and T(5, 7).
A. 4 B. 8 C. 4 D.

How did you find the activity? I’m sure it was easy for you to fill the
missing parts and solve the distance joining two points. In the next activity,
you will answer in the same manner. Try this!

11
Independent Practice

B. How Far Am I?
1. Supply the missing parts in solving the distance between two points
Q(-4, 6) and R(5,-1) by following the task given in the right column.
2. Find the distance between each pairs of points in the coordinate plane.

2.1. A(5, 3) and B(-4, 2)

2.2. C(-3, 3) and D(1, 7)

x1 = _____ x2 = ____ Find x1, y1, x2 and y2

y1 = _____ y2 = ____

QR Write the distance formula.

Substitute the values of x1, y1, x2

and y2 in the formula.
Get their difference.

Square the result.

Add then simplify the radical.

ST

In the activity you have just done, were you able to find the distance
between two points? I know you were! You may skip the next activity (Guided
Assessment) if all your answers are correct in this activity and proceed to
Independent Assessment.

Guided Assessment
C. Tell Me your Distance
Determine the distance between the following pairs of points in the
coordinate plane.
y
D(3, 8)
E(5, 7)
C(-4, 6)
F(6, 5)

G(5, 2)
x

1. 2. 3.

12
 How was the activity you have just done? Have you mastered the
skills in solving the distance between two points? You may skip the next
activity if you got a perfect score or 3 points without any help of others.
However, you are encouraged to review and study if you missed few items.

Independent Assessment
D. Where is my Location?
The map below shows the location of the different municipalities in the
Province of Bukidnon. Each unit on the coordinate plane is equivalent to 10
km. Determine the shortest distance between the given pairs of municipalities
by using the distance formula.
Y
LIBONA
(-5, 5)

IMPASUG-ONG
(2, 5)

VALENCIA
(2, -1)
MARAMAG
(-2, -2)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bukidn
on
1. Libona and Impasug-ong
2. Valencia and Maramag
3. Valencia and Imasug-ong
4. Maramag and Malaybalay City, if Malaybalay has coordinates (3, 3).

How did you find the previous activities? Were you able to use and
apply the distance formula in finding the solutions to problems in each
activity? I am sure you did it!

Now that you know the important ideas about this topic, you can
move on to the next section and perform more activities to test your skill.

13
 What I Have Learned

I. Identify or give what is asked in each of the following:

__________1. It is the absolute value of the difference of the x-coordinate

of two points.
__________2. It is the absolute value of the difference of the y-coordinate
of two points.
__________3. A formula to be used in finding the third side of a right
triangle.
__________4. An equation that can be used to find the distance between
pair of points on the coordinate plane.
__________5. Write the distance formula with points (x1, y1) and x2, y2).

II. A. Find the distance between a given pair of points by using the formula
d

1. C(4, 6) and F(-1, 6)

2. A(-3, 5) and B(-3, 2)
B. Solving. Use the distance formula to answer the following:
1. Find the length of a segment joining the endpoints ( -1, 8) and (4, -16) .

2. A flower garden is mapped on a grid with the nursery as the point of

origin. If the entrance of the garden is located at point (6, -10), what is
the distance between the nursery and the entrance of the garden?

3. The distance between two points is 10 units, if the coordinates of one of

the endpoints are (4, -7), find x if the coordinates of the other endpoint
are (x, 1).

How was the activity? Did you make it! If your score is 8 out of 10
you’re great! If 5-7 something to improve, but if it is less than 5, you need
to study more.

In the next section, your goal is to think deeper, and further test your
understanding of the distance formula. You should be able to answer the
important question after doing the following activities: How does the
distance formula facilitate the finding of solutions to real-life problems?

14
 What I Can Do
Your aim in this section is to apply your learning to real life situations. A
practical task will be given that will demonstrate your understanding of the
distance formula.
Perform the following activities. Use the rubric provided to rate your
work.
1. Secure a copy of the map of your municipality, city, or province then
make a sketch of it on a coordinate plane. Indicate on the sketch some
important landmarks, then determine their coordinates.
2. Using the coordinates assigned to the different landmarks in item #1,
formulate then solve problems involving the distance formula.

Score Descriptor
The sketch of the map is accurately made, presentable, and
4 points
appropriate
The sketch of the map is accurately made and appropriate but
3 points
not presentable
2 points The sketch of the map is not accurately made but appropriate.
The sketch of the map is not accurately made and not
1 points
appropriate
Rubric for the Sketch of the Map

Rubric on Problems Formulated and Solved

Score Descriptor
Poses a more complex problem with 2 or more correct
possible solutions and communicates ideas unmistakably,
6 points shows in-depth comprehension of the pertinent concepts
and/or processes, and provides explanations wherever
appropriate
Poses a more complex problem and finishes all significant
parts of the solution and communicates ideas unmistakably,
5 points
shows in-depth comprehension of the pertinent concepts
and/or processes
Poses a complex problem and finishes all significant parts of
the solution and communicates ideas unmistakably, shows in-
4 points
depth comprehension of the pertinent concepts and/ or
processes
Poses a complex problem and finishes all significant parts of
the solution and communicates ideas unmistakably, shows
3 points
comprehension of major concepts although neglects or
misinterprets less significant ideas or details
Poses a problem and finishes some significant parts of the
2 points solution and communicates ideas unmistakably but shows 15
gaps on the theoretical comprehension
Poses a problem but demonstrates minor comprehension, not
1 point
being able to develop an approach.
 Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is/are NOT a formula/s for finding the distance
between two points on the coordinate plane?
i. d
ii. d
iii. d

A. i and ii B. ii only C. i and iii D. iii only

2. What is the length of a line segment whose endpoints are J(-4, 8) and
K(7, 15)?
A. 13.04 B. 22.36 C. 7.48 D. 14.42

3. The distance between points D(3, y) and E(18, -15) is 25 units. If D lies in
the
first quadrant, what is its y- coordinate?
A. -5 B. 5 C. 6 D. 4

4. Which of the following are the coordinates of K, if the distance between K

and L is 13 units and the coordinates of L are (7, -3)?
A. (5, -2) B. (3, -2) C. (-5, 2) D. (5,2)
5. Tanacio Minimart is mapped on the coordinate grid with the main entrance
as the origin. The bakeshop is located at the point (-5, -6), what is the
distance between the main entrance and the bakeshop?
A. B. 1 C. D. 1

6. Points M and N are points on the coordinate plane as shown in the figure
below. If the coordinates of M and N are (6, 7) and (6, -1) respectively,
which
of the following would give the correct distance between two points?
y
M

x
N
A. B. C. D.

16
7. What is the distance joining two points P(3, 5) and R(-12, 5)?
A. 15 B. 9 C. -9 D. -15
8. What is the distance between two points as shown in the figure?
y

(-2, 5)

(4, 2)

A. B. C. D.

9. Rhina decided to print her research project in a computer shop. She

prepare a grid representing the location of the four-computer shop in their
town as shown below. If Rhina’s house is located at the point (1, 1), what
is the nearest computer shop to her house?

A. Wenz B. Xyle ‘C. Yack D. Zun

y

Zun(-2, 3)
Xyle (4, 2)

Wendz (-2, -2) Yack (5, -2)

10. Benedict is creating a grid in designing his vegetable garden. He wanted

to put a fishpond at the point (-3, 14). What would be the length of the pipe
he needed if the water source is located at the point (5, 0)?
A. units C. 2 units
B. units D. units

Check your Score! If your score is:

Score Action or Description

You are doing great! You may proceed to the next section after reviewing the
8-10
missed items.
You are doing good, but you need to study more .Take your time and review on
3-7
the missed items then proceed to the next section.
You need to study harder. Ask help from your teacher, parent or friend. Go back
1-4 to the given examples.

17
 In the next section your goal is to find out whether you have
mastered the skill in solving the distance between two points using the
distance formula.

Additional Activities

Directions: Solve the following problems by using the distance formula.

1. Roxas family is on a trip to Iligan City to visit their relative. Two hours
later the driver is looking the Global Positioning System (GPS) device.
The grid shows that their location on the coordinate plane is the point
whose coordinates are (25, 110), while the location of the house of
their relative is at the point (60, 90). What is the shortest distance
between their location and the location of their relative’s house if each
unit on the grid is equivalent to 1 km.?

2. The length of segment PT is 10 units. Supposed the coordinates of P

are (-2, 11) and the coordinates of T are (x, 3). What is the value of x if
T lies on the second quadrant?

3. The coordinates of the endpoints are H(-7, 2) and (5, y)

respectively. Supposed the distance between H and K is 15 units.
What values of y would satisfy the given condition? Justify your
answer.

18
Lesson
The Midpoint Formula
2
What I Need to Know

Lesson 2 of this module deals with the concepts of the midpoint

formula. It relates to the previous lesson that you have studied earlier. Again,
you will perform different activities applying the knowledge and skills you have
learned in mathematics.
After going through this lesson, you are expected to
1. determine the coordinates of the midpoint of a line segment on the
coordinate plane using the midpoint formula;
2. find the coordinates of the other endpoint of a line segment when the
midpoint and the coordinates of one point is given; and
3. appreciate the use of midpoint formula in decision making.

What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following describes the midpoint M of the segment whose

endpoints are (x1, y1) and (x2, y2).
A. , B. ,

C. , D. ,

2. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment joined by the

endpoints (-3, -4) and (9, 8)?
A. (3, 2) B. (3, 4) C. (-1, 1) D. (6, 4)

3. A building is to be put up between the baseball court and the tennis court.
On a map drawn in a coordinate plane, the coordinates of the baseball
court are (-3, -7) while the coordinates of the tennis court are (5, 9). What
are the coordinates of the point where the building is to be constructed?
A. (2, 2) B. (1, 1) C. (-5, 7) D. (-2, 2)

19
4. Which of the following is the center point of a segment whose endpoints are
(-10, 5) and (2, -3)?
A. (-8, 2) B. (-4, 1) C. (-4, 2) D. (5, -1)

5. What is the midpoint M of the line segment whose endpoints are X(15, -4)
and Y(-3, -6)?
A. (12, -10) B. (6, -5) C. (11, -9) D. (6, 5)

6. What is the value of y in the points (3, 11) and (-5, y), if the coordinate of
the
midpoints are (-1, -3).
A. -14 B. -16 C. -17 D. 14

7. A tracking device in a car shows that it is at the point where the coordinates
are (8, -11). If a bridge is exactly between the location of the car and its
starting point whose coordinates are (6, 1), what are the coordinates of the
location of the bridge?
A. (4, -12) B. (7, -5) C. (-3, 7) D. ( , )

8. Which of the following is the value of h in the points (h, 8) and (1, 5), if the
coordinates of the midpoint are (-3, 2)?
A. -7 B. -11 C. -4 D. 4

9. What is the midpoint of the line segment shown in the figure?

Y

(5, 6)

X
(-2, -2)

A. ( , -2) B. (3, 8) C. ( , 2) D. (3, 4)

10. If a diameter of a circle has endpoints (-15, 1) and (3, 13), what are the
coordinates of its radius?
A. (-6, 7) B. (-12, 14) C. (12, 14) D. (6, 7)

Check your Score! If your score is:

You are doing great! You may proceed to the next section after
8-10
reviewing the missed items.
You are doing good, but you need to study more .Take your time and
3-7
review on the missed items then proceed to the next section.
You need to study harder. Ask help from your teacher, parent or friend.
1-4 Take your time and review the missed items then proceed to the next
section
20
 In the next section you will be assessing your knowledge and skills of
the different mathematical concepts previously learned particularly in
performing mathematical operations. These knowledge and skills will help
you understand the midpoint formula and its applications to real life situation.
If you encounter difficulty in the exercises, ask assistance of your teacher or
peers or refer to the modules you have studied earlier.

What’s In

Notes to the Teacher

The concept of middle or center pertaining distance between any two
points and its relationship serves as a springboard of the lesson.

Activity 1. Let Me Decide!

Consider the situation below to answer the question that follow.

Jemwin is traveling to a town to buy essential needs for his family.

Upon reaching the checkpoint which is midway of his destination, he finds out
that he forgot to bring his quarantine pass. If you were Jemwin will you go
home or beg the front liners for you to pass by? What factor would you
consider in making decision?

What will you consider when making decisions? Can you figure out
what is the significance of this situation to our lesson?
The next activity will further give you hint what is the lesson all about.

21
Activity 2. Get the Difference?... then Divide.
Give the difference of the following pairs of integers and divide by 2.
1. -5 and -7 4. 21 and -13
2. 6 and 15 5. -12 and 28
3. -11 and 5 6. 8 and -18

What’s New
Activity 1. Can you Relate?
Using the number line below find the length of each segment and
answer the questions that follow.

P Q R S T

1. 4.
2. 5.
3. 6.
Questions:
a. Which segments are congruent? Why?
b. How would you relate the lengths of the following segments?
b.1 , and

b.2 , and

How was the activity? Was it easy for you to simplify the given pairs
of integers? I’m pretty sure it was.
In the next section you will use this principle you had perform in
learning new lesson. Are you ready?

22
 What is It

The figure below shows that R and S are the endpoints of a line
segment. Point M is called the midpoint of segment . It is the point that is
exactly halfway between the endpoints R (x1, y1) and S (x2, y2). Thus, the
midpoint M is given by the formula
M= , .

The x-coordinate of M is the average of the x-coordinates of R and S,

while the y-coordinate of M is the average of the y-coordinates of R and S.
y
S (x2, y2)

M= ,

R (x1, y1)

Example 1: The coordinates of the endpoints of are (1, -6) and (9, 5)
respectively. What are the coordinates of its midpoint M?

23
Solution: Let x1 = 1, y1 = -6, x2 = 9 and y2 = 5
Substitute these values into the midpoint formula

M= ,

= ,

= ,

= 5,

The coordinates of the midpoint of are 5, .

Example 2: If Q (3, 6) is the midpoint of , and one endpoint R has

coordinates (-2, 7), find the coordinates of the other point P.
Solution: Let x = 3, y = 6, x1 = -2 and y1 = 7
Substitute these values into the midpoint formula

(x, y) = ,

(3, -6) = ,

Equate the coordinates, then simplify.

x= y=

3= -6 =

6 = -2 + x2 -12 = 7+ y2
x2 = 8 y2 = -19

The coordinates of the other endpoint P are (8, -19).

What’s More

Guided Practice
A. Let me Solve then Supply
1. Choose the letter that answers the question.

1.1 What are the coordinates of the midpoint of the segment whose
endpoints are I(4, 10) and A(8, 4)?
A. (7, 6) B. (6, 7) C. (2, 14) D. (4, 6)

24
 1.2 Which of the following are the coordinates of the midpoint M given
that the endpoints of a line segment are L(-1, 4) and T(13, 8).
A. (3, 2) B. (12, 12) C. (6, 6) D. (-5, 5)

2. Supply the missing parts in solving the midpoint of a line whose endpoints
are D(-4, 7) and F(8, 2) by following the task in the right column.

x1 = _____ x2 = 8
y1 = _____ y2 = 2 Find x1 and y1

M , Complete the midpoint formula

Substitute the values x1, x2, y1 and

,
y2 in the formula
Add the x-coordinates & divide by 2.
_____ and _____
Add the y-coordinates & divide by 2.

M (____, ____) Write the midpoint of

Was it easy for you to supply the missing part? For sure it was. How
about in finding the coordinates of a midpoint? Did you get it?
You may skip the next activity (Independent Practice) if all your
answers are correct in this activity and proceed to Guided Assessment.
However, you may continue doing all the activities at your own desire. Submit
the self-rating sheet to your teacher of this lesson.
The next section will provide you more activity to do. Good luck.
The next activity you will be determining the coordinates of the
midpoint of a segment whose endpoint are given.
Independent Practice
B. Take the Center!
1. Give the missing parts in solving the coordinates of the other endpoint of
a line segment if the coordinates of midpoint M are (2, 9) and one of the
endpoint has coordinates (-6, 11).

x = ____ x1 = ____
y = ____ y1 = ____ Find x, y, x1 and y1

(x, y) , The Midpoint Formula

(2, 9) = , Substitute the values of x1, y1, in

the formula
Equate the x-coordinates and so
2 ,9=
with y-coordinates
x2 _____ , y2 = _____ Solve for x2 and y2

25
 Write the coordinates of the other
( ___, ___ )
endpoint

2. Find the coordinates of the midpoint of the segment whose endpoints

are the following;
2.1. A(0, 6) and H(8, -8)

How was the activity? Were you able to find the midpoint of a segment
using the midpoint formula? I’m sure you were!
In the next activity, you are going to find the coordinates of the other
endpoint given the coordinates of a midpoint and one of the endpoint.

2.2. N(-4, 5) and O(9, 7)

Guided Assessment
C. Find my Other Half!
Determine the other endpoint of the line segment given the midpoint M
and one of the endpoint E.
1. M (-5, 4) E (1, 8)

How was the activity you have just done? Have you mastered the
skills in solving the other endpoint of a segment given the coordinates of
the midpoint and one of its endpoint? I know you had!

You may skip the next activity if you got a perfect score without any
help of other.
2. M (6, 6) E (11, 5)

26
Independent Assessment
D. Where’s the Midway?
The map below shows the various landmarks in the Municipality of
Lantapan. Find the midpoint between the given pairs of landmarks
using the midpoint formula. Each unit on the coordinate plane is
equivalent to 1 km.
y

(-3, 1)
Cinchona Falls
(2,1)

Banana Plantation
(-1,-2)

Municipal Hall Tigbe Resort

(4, -3) (7, -3)

1. Tigbe Resort to Municipal Hall.

2. Cinchona Falls to Banana Plantation.

3. Banana Plantation to Café sa Bukid.

Did you find the activity challenging? Were you able to use and
apply the midpoint formula in finding the solutions to problems in the
activity? I’m sure you did it!
Now that you know the important ideas about this topic, you can
move on to the next section and perform more activities to test your skill.

27
 What I Have Learned

I. Identify or give what is asked in each of the following:

_________1. It is a point on a line segment that divides the same segment
into two equal segments.
_________2. A formula that can be used to find the coordinates of the
midpoint of a line segment on the coordinate plane.
. _________3. It is computed as the average of the x-coordinates of any two
given points.
_________4. It is computed as the average of the y-coordinates of any two
given points.
_________5. Write the midpoint formula of points (x1, y1) and x2, y2).

II. Use the midpoint formula to answer the following

1. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints
are D (-5, 2) and E (10, 6)?
A. ( , 6) B. ( , 4) C. ( , 8) D. ( , 8)

2. Points (3, -4) and (-12, 4) are the coordinates of the endpoints F and G
respectively. Which the following are the coordinates of its midpoint?
A. B. ( , 8) C. ( D. (-1, -8)

3. What are the coordinates of an endpoint, if it is given that the

coordinates of a midpoint are (-2, -1) and the other endpoint (4, -2)?
A. (1, -2) B. (-8, 0) C. (-3, 2) D. (2, -3)

4. The coordinates of a midpoint and an endpoint are (12, -5) and(-1, 11).
What are the coordinates of the other endpoint?
A. (13, -16) B. (11, 6) C. (25, -21) D. (6, 3)

5. Lantapan National High School is mapped on a coordinate grid with the

School Canteen is the point of origin. The Home Economics Building is
located at the point (2, 5) while the SBM Office is located at point (-7, 8).
Where is the midpoint between SBM Office and Home Economics Building
located?

Were you able to answer the activity? I know you were! If your
score is 8 out of 10 items you are great! If 5-7 something to improve, but if
it is less than 5, you need to study more.
In the next section, your goal is to think deeper, and further test your
understanding of the midpoint formula. You should be able to answer the
important question after doing the following activities: How does the
midpoint formula help you in making wise decisions?
28
 What I Can Do

Your goal in this section is to apply your learning to real life situations. A
practical task will be given that will demonstrate your understanding of the
midpoint formula.

Perform the following activities. Use the rubric in Lesson 1 to rate your work.
1. Secure a copy of the map in your town or municipality and make a sketch
of it on the coordinate plane. Figure out on the sketch the location of
selected barangay and write its corresponding coordinates.
2. Using the coordinates assigned to each selected barangay in item #1,
formulate and solve problems involving midpoint formula.

In this section your task was to make a sketch of the map on the
coordinate plane where you determine the location of the selected
barangay in your Municipality. Then you were asked to formulate and
solve problems pertaining midpoint formula using the coordinates
assigned to the different barangay.

Did you find the performance task interesting? How did the task
help you realize the importance of the midpoint formula in the real-life
situation and in making wise decisions?

The next section will finally determine how much you have learned
in this topic.

29
 Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following describes the midpoint M of the segment whose
endpoints are (-5, 6) and (1, 4).
A. , B. ,

C. , D. ,

2. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment joined by the

endpoints (-3, -4) and (9, 8)?
A. (3, 2) B. (3, 4) C. (-1, 1) D. (6, 4)

3. A basketball court is to be put up between the volleyball court and the

tennis court. On a map drawn in a coordinate plane, the coordinates of the
volleyball court are (-3, -7) while the coordinates of the tennis court are (5, 9).
What are the coordinates of the points of the basketball court to be
constructed?
A. (2, 2) B. (1, 1) C. (-5, 7) D. (-2, 2)

4. Which of the following is the center point of a segment whose endpoints are
(-10, 5) and (2, -1)?
A. (-8, 2) B. (-4, 1) C. (-4, 2) D. (5, -1)

5. What is the midpoint M of the line segment whose endpoints are X(15, -4)
and Y (-3, 14)?
A. (12, -10) B. (6, -5) C. (11, -9) D. (6, 5)

6. A tracking device in a car shows that it is at the point where the coordinates
are (8, -11). If a bridge is exactly between the location of the car and its
starting point whose coordinates are (0, 3), what are the coordinates of the
location of the bridge?
A. (11, -11) B. (-3, 3) C. (1, -1) D. (4, -4)

7. Point M (4, -7) is the midpoint of line BD, if B has the coordinates (-6, 1),
what
are the coordinates of D?
A. (-2, -6) B. (10, -8) C. (14, -15) D. (-1, -3)

8. Which of the following is the value of h in the points (h, 8) and (1, 5), if the
coordinates of the midpoint are (-5, 2)?
A. -11 B. 11 C. -6 D. 6

30
9. If a diameter of a circle has endpoints (-15, 1) and (3, 13), what are the
coordinates of its radius?
A. (-6, 7) B. (-12, 14) C. (12, 14) D. (6, 7)

10. What is the midpoint of the line segment shown in the figure?
A. ( , ) B. (3, 7) C. ( , ) D. (-1, 11)
Y

5, 6

-2, 1
X

Check your Score! If your score is:

Action or Description
Score
You are doing great! You may proceed to the next section after
8-10
reviewing the missed items.
You are doing good, but you need to study more .Take your time
3-7
and review on the missed items then proceed to the next section.
You need to study harder. Ask help from your teacher, parent or
1-4
friend. Go back to the given examples.

In the next section your goal is to find out whether you have
mastered the skill in solving using the midpoint formula.

Additional Activities

I. Solve the problems with your solutions.

1. A grid system is created representing a backyard garden of Mark.
On the grid Mark planted a tree for shading in the location whose
coordinates are (6, 12) and (5, -10). He wanted to have a Nipa Hut
in between the two trees. What coordinate represents the location
of Nipa Hut?

31
II. Use the diagram below to find the midpoint of segments , and .

N(0, 5)

A(-3, 2)

G(2, -3)
Summary

Distance Formula is an equation that can be used to find the distance

between any pair of points on the coordinate plane. It is given by the formula

d or PQ ,

if P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) are the points on the coordinate plane. Furthermore,
the horizontal distance between two points can be used to find the distance
between a pair of points on the coordinate plane and its value is the absolute
value of the difference of the x-coordinates of two points. Similarly, the
vertical distance between two points can be determine by getting the absolute
value of the difference of they-coordinates of two points.

On the other hand, a midpoint is a point on the line segment and

divides the same segment into two equal parts. Thus, in segment AC if point
B is the midpoint then segment AB = BC. In the coordinate plane, a formula
can be used to find the coordinates of the midpoint of a line segment. The
midpoint denoted by M with points P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) is given by the
equation,
M= , .

32
 Post -Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is a formula for finding the distance between two
points on the coordinate plane?

A. B. d
C. d D. d

2. The figure below shows that S and R has coordinates (1, 5) and (1, -2)
respectively. Which of the following will represent the distance between two
points? Y

R
A. B. C. D.
3. As shown in the figure below, points N and O are points on the coordinate
plane with coordinates (-1, 6) and (6, 6) respectively. Which of the following
would give the distance between N and O?
Y

N O

A. B. C. D.

33
4. A map is drawn on a grid where 1 unit is equivalent to1 km. The
coordinates of a point corresponding to San Fernando is (6, -3). If Bislig is17
km. away from the San Fernando, which of the following could be the
coordinates of the point corresponding to Bislig?
A. (-9, 5) B. (9, 5) C. (9, -5) D. (0, 5)

5. Lina has stores in three different places in the municipality of San Juan.
The location of her stores are shown on a coordinate plane below.
Y

Baclayon

Kitubo

Lina’s House Poblacion

How far is Barangay Baclayon to Barangay Poblacion?

A. 11.70 B. 6.32 C. 2.65 D. 8.06
6. (Refer to Figure #8) If the house of Lina is 7 units to the west of her
store in Barangay Poblacion, what are the coordinates corresponding to
her house?
A. (3, -1) B.(3, 0) C. (0, 3) D. (-1, 3)

34
7. The coordinate plane below shows the location of Check-points of four
barangays under Colonia City.

Palar

Lumbo

Command Post

San Vicente

Busan

What barangay is the nearest from the command post?

A.Lumbo B.Palar C.San Vicente D. Busan

8. Which of the following is true about the distances of L, M and N, if M is

the midpoint of ?
A. = B. =
C. = D. 2 =

9. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints

are (-12, 15) and (18, 3)?
A. (-15, 2) B. (6, 18) C. ( , ) D.(3, 9)

10. The midpoint of AB has coordinates (4, -4). If the coordinates of A are
(-8, 3), what are the coordinates of B?
A. (-12, 3) B. (8, -8) C. (-5, 5) D. (16, -11)

11. What is the length of the line segment whose endpoints are (2, 0) and
(5, -4)?
A. 5.79 B. 2. 24 C. 9.22 D. 5

35
12. Which of the following represents the midpoint M of a segment whose
endpoints are X(3, 5) and Y(9, -1).

A. M = , B. M = ,

C. M = , D. M = ,

13. Which of the following is the distance of if E has coordinates (12, -3)
and F has coordinates (5, 7)?
A. 8.06 B. 12.21 C. 15 D. 12

14. A recreational building is constructed midway between the two malls. The
coordinates of the first mall drawn on the coordinate plane is (5, 8) while
the coordinates of the second mall are (-12, -10). What are the coordinates
of a point where the new recreational building will be built?
A.(4, -2) B.(3, 9) C. (2, -1) D. (4, 2)

15. Point M (4, -7) is the midpoint of line BD, if B has the coordinates (-6, 1),
what are the coordinates of the midpoint of D?
A. (-2, -6) B. (10, -8) C. (14, -15) D. (-1, -3)

36
 Answer Key

What I Know (Pre-test)

1. B 4. C 7. A 10. A 13. C
2. C 5. D 8. B 11. A 14. C
3. A 6. B 9. C 12. A 15. D

Lesson 1: The Distance Formula

What I know
1. C
2. B
What's In
3. D Activity 1. What’s my Length?
4. D
5. A 1. 1 unit
6. D 2. 5 units
7. A 3. 4 units
8. C 4. 4 units
9. C 5. 5 units
10. D 6. 8 units
a. Counting the number of units from one point
using the number line or finding the absolute
value of the difference of the coordinates of the
points.
b. Yes, Counting the number of units from one
point using the number line or finding the
absolute value of the difference of the
coordinates of the points.
c. Yes, the absolute values of the difference of
What’s New their coordinates are equal.
Let Me Figure Out = = =5
1. = = =5
(RC)2 = (RP)2 + (PC)2
(RC)2 = (x2 –x1)2 +(y2 – y1)2 = = =4
2. = = =4

Activity 2. Jog to Catch Them Up

where, (x1, y1) and 1. Robert’s House (3, 8) Market (1, 2)
(x2, y2) are points on the
coordinate plane.
Plaza (3, 3) Coffee Shop (7, 3)
2. right triangle
3. or ; or

4. RC = = = 6.40 units

37
Lesson 1: The Distance Formula

What's More
Guided Practice Independent Practice

1. 1.
x1 = 3 x2 = 8 x1 = -4 x2 = 5
y1 = 2 y2 = 12 y1 = 6 y2 = -1

ST QR

ST ST
2. 2.
2.1. B 2.1.
2.2. B 2. 2.

What’s More What I Have Learned

Guided Assessment I.
1. horizontal distance
1. = 9.85 units 2. vertical distance
2. = 2.24 units 3. Pythagorean Theorem
3. = 3.16 units 4. Distance formula
5. d
Independent Assessment

1. 70 km. II. A
2. 41.23 km. 1. 5 units
3. 40 km. 2. 3 units
4. 70.71 km.
II. B
1. 24.52 units
2. 11.66 units
3. x = -2 or x = 10

38
Lesson 1: The Distance Formula

What I Can Do Assessment Additional Activities

Use the rubric on 1. B 1. 40.31 km
pages 16 and 1 to 2. A 2. x = -8
rate the student’s 3 .B 3. y = 11 or y = -7
performance task. 4. C
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. B
10. C

Lesson 2: The Midpoint Formula

What’s New
What I Know What’s In Can you relate?

1. A Activity 1. Let Me 1. = 4 units

2. A Decide! 2. = 4 units
3 .B Students response are 3. = 8 units
4. B varied 4. = 3 units
5. B 5. = 3 units
6. C Activity 2. Get the
6. = 6 units
7. B Difference
8. A a) and
9. C 1. -1
The two segments have
10. D 2. the same length.
3. -8 b.1) + =
4. 17 b.2) + =
5. 20
6. 13

39
 Answer Key

Lesson 2: The Midpoint Formula

What's More
Guided Practice Independent Practice
1.1. b 2.1. (4, -1)

1.2. c 2.2. ( ,
6)

What’s More
AnswerWhat
KeyI Have Learned What Can I Do
Guided Assessment I. Use the rubric on
1. (-11, 0) 1. midpoint
pages 14 to rate the
2. Midpoint formula student’s
2. ( , )
3. x-coordinate of a midpoint performance task.
4. y-coordinate of a midpoint
Independent-
Assessment 5. M = ( , )
1. ( , 0) II.

1. B
2. ( , ) 2. A
3. B
3. (-2, ) 4. C
5. ( , )

40
 Lesson 2: The Midpoint Formula

Assessment Additional Activities

1. A I.
2. A
3. B ( , 1)
4. C
5. D
II.
6. D
7. C
8. A =( , )
9. D =( , )
10. A
= (1, 1)

Rubric for Problem Solving

Score Descriptor
Used an appropriate strategy to come up with a correct solution
4 points
and arrived at a correct answer.
Used an appropriate strategy to come up with a solution. But a part
3 points
of the solution led to an incorrect answer.
Used an appropriate strategy but came up with an entirely wrong
2 points
solution that led to an incorrect answer.
Attempted to solve the problem but used an inappropriate strategy
1 point
that led to a wrong solution.

Post-Assessment
1. A 4. A 7. B 10. D 13. B
2. C 5. B 8. C 11. D 14. A
3. A 6. D 9. D 12. C 15. C

41
References
CALANTA, MELVIN, et al. Mathematics Learner’s Module. First edition DepEd-IMCS:
Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, 2015.

STAPEL, ELIZABETH. “The Midpoint Formula.” Purplemath. Accessed May 12, 2020
https://www.purplemath.com/modules/midpoint.htm

Chilimath, “The Distance Formula,” accessed May12, 2020

https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/intermediate-algebra/distance-formula/

Khanacademy, ”Distance Formula” accessed May 11, 2020

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/basic-geo/basic-geometry-pythagorean-
theorem/pythagorean-theorem-distance/a/distance-formula

Mathsisfun, “Midpoint of a line segment,” accessed May 11, 2020

https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/line-midpoint.html

Passyworldofmathematics, “Midpoint Between Two Points,” accessed May 20, 2020

http://passyworldofmathematics.com/midpoint-between-two-points/

Sophia, “Midpoint Formula In the Real World,” accessed May 21, 2020
https://www.sophia.org/concepts/midpoint-formula-in-the-real-world
Wikipedia, “Lantapan Bukidnon,” accessed May 30, 2020
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lantapan,_Bukidnon
Wikipedia, “Legislative Districts of Bukidnon Map,” accessed May 11, 2020
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bukidnon

Web links:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPIWrQyeuYw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IOEPcAHgi4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nyZuite17Pc

42
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]