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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 CRISIS ON THE

LIFESTYLE OF THE SECOND YEAR PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS

An Undergraduate Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the
Psychology Department of the College of Arts and Sciences

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of
Bachelor of Arts Major in Psychology

Submitted by:

Ballelos, Krizza Joyce

Hizon, Dhenniz
Llabore, Shaznay
Llevares Jr. Garette Aaron
Rojas, Danica Faye

November 2022
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

APPROVAL SHEET

This undergraduate thesis entitled IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 CRISIS

ON THE LIFESTYLE OF THE SECOND YEAR PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS

prepared by Krizza Joyce Ballelos, Dhenniz Hizon, Shaznay Llabore, Garette

Aaron Llevares Jr. and Danica Faye Rojas was submitted to Dr. Gina M.

Alvarado.

Approved and accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the

degree in Bachelor of Arts Major in Psychology.

DR. GINA M. ALVARADO PROF. MA. MARGARITA C. BAUYON

Research Adviser Panel - Head of Psychology Department

DR. EDUARDO T. SENAJON

Dean, College of General Education and Liberal Arts
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Psychology Department

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to extend their heartfelt appreciation and

gratitude to the following individuals who have contributed to and helped us in

the completion of this study.

To Dr. Gina M. Alvarado, our thesis adviser, for her professional guidance,

patience, and time in reviewing our manuscript, providing suggestions, and

formative critiques, which meant so much for the betterment and completion of

the study.

To Professor Ma. Margarita C. Bauyon, and Mr. Ramon Gerald

Santillana, our Psychology Professors, for sharing their wisdom and their time

and effort to check our proposal and validate our questionnaires for this study.

To Ms. MA. Lenis Cadoy, our English Language Professor, for her effort

to validate and correct the grammar used in the questionnaires.

To Mr. Eldrick M. Fonollera, our Research Statistician, for his

professional guidance in statistically reviewing the data and helped us with the

analysis of it.
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To Dr. Eduardo T. Senajon, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, for

his unending support and motivation in the success of this study.

To the respondents of this study, for being approachable, and

cooperative and for taking the time to answer the questionnaires.

To our dearest families, for their financial, emotional, and moral support.

And most of all, the researchers would like to extend wholeheartedly their

gratitude and praise to ever-loving and forgiving God for touching and carrying

together those people who shared their abundant resources, skills, time, and

effort for the completion of the study amidst the pandemic.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

ABSTRACT

The present study was developed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19

crisis on the lifestyle of the Second Year Psychology students who were enrolled

at Arellano University-Andres Bonifacio Campus for Academic Year 2022-2023.

The study used the validated researcher-made tool to assess their adjustments

to the impact of Covid-19 on their Social Relations, Nutrition, and Financial

Aspects and their Coping Mechanisms. The researchers used convenience

sampling, and purposive sampling techniques and administered 35- item

research-made questionnaires to each respondent. Statistical data were

tabulated and computed using a range of mean, overall mean, standard

deviation, and verbal interpretation. Based on the findings, most of the

respondents in this study made an adjustment to their lifestyle as they

underwent different challenges because of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

that made a massive change in their lives. These components include Social

Relations, Nutrition, and Financial Aspects. In view of the conclusions, the

researchers recommended the utilization of the framework to help students with

the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on their lifestyles.

Keywords: Lifestyle, Covid-19, Social Relations, Nutrition, Financial

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Psychology Department

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page………………………………………………………………………….…...i

Approval Sheet………………………………………………………………….…….ii

Acknowledgment……………………………………………………………………..iii

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………v

Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………….vi

List of Tables………………………………………………………………………….ix

List of Figures…………………………………………………………………….…..x

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………..…1

Background of the Study…………………………………………...……….…….3

Conceptual Paradigm………………………………………………………….......6

Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………….………8

Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………….…9

Scope and Limitation………………………………………………………….……11

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………….….12

Definition of Terms……..……………………………………………………….….13
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CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES…...14

Synthesis……………………………………………………………..……………….....23

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY…………………………………...24

Research Design………………………………………………………………………25

Respondents of the Study…………………………………………………………..26

Sampling Technique…………………………………………………………………27

Research Instrument………………………………………………………………..28

Ethical Consideration……………………………………………………………….29

Procedure of Data Gathering ………………………………………………………30

Statistical Treatment of Data………………………………………………………31

Interpretation of Instruments……………………………………………………..33
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CHAPTER IV:

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETION OF DATA…………….34

CHAPTER V:

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION…...49

Summary of Findings……………………………………………………………….49

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….54

Recommendation…………………………………………………………………….57

REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………..…..60

APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………….….68

A. Letter to Dean Requesting Permission to Conduct Research

B. Informed Consent for the Respondents

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C. ERB Approval Letter

D. - F. Letter Requesting the Validation of the Instrument

G. Statistician Certification

H. Questionnaires

LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES

TABLES

1. Adjustment to the components of lifestyle in

terms of Social Relations…………………………………………………35

2. Adjustment to the components of lifestyle in

terms of Nutrition……………………………………………………….…37

3. Adjustment to the components of lifestyle in

terms of Financial Aspects………………………………………………39

4. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student’s lifestyles

in terms of Social Relations terms of Social Relations…………….41

5. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student’s lifestyles

in terms of Nutrition…………………………………………….……….43
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6. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student’s lifestyles

terms of Financial Aspects………………………………………….…….45

7. Coping mechanisms of the students during the

pandemic relative to lifestyle……………………………………………..47

FIGURES

1. Conceptual Paradigm…………………………………………..………………6

2. The Proposed Program to Help Students Cope

with the Effect of The Covid-19 Crisis Relative to Lifestyle……..…….…59

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Psychology Department

Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The current COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on our daily lifestyle,

instilling fear of infection and altering our sense of well-being. With the closing

of educational institutions, a significant transition from physical to digital

learning became necessary. Online learning has been identified as a feasible

alternative to traditional teaching and learning. With everything that is going on

around us, we, the students, have a lot to take in. We must be able to adjust,

adapt, and cope with this massive change. Because we all have lives outside of

school, this could be a real concern for psychology students who place a high

value on their mental health and life balance. As a young adult, it is critical that

we socialize and obtain life experiences to be better prepared for our future

endeavors. However, how will we accomplish this if we are severely afflicted by

the pandemic and our ability to move is restricted? It is very evident how affected

our lifestyle and it has a great impact to every one of us, most especially, the

students. On the brighter side, things are going quite better as we go along the

way because of our resiliency, adaptability and being responsible.

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Psychology Department

We chose the 2nd Year AB Psychology Students because we believe that

they are the right participants to be part of the said topic. They can easily grasp

the intentions of the study; they are first-hand experience people who can share

relevant answers to the questionnaires. Other researchers from other groups

selected other courses in the University and we decided to help our fellow

Psychology students to look for certain programs or activities that will help them

with the challenges they are experiencing during the pandemic relative to

lifestyle. Only second-year students were participants in the study, which greatly

limits the population to a specific group of individuals. The experiences of these

students have been going to be very different than those with more years at the

University.

The goal of the research is to determine how the COVID-19 situation has

affected the lifestyle of Second-Year Psychology Students. We selected these

three lifestyle components from a wide range of options, including social

relations, nutrition, and financial aspects, since we believe that these were the

areas that were most affected by the pandemic. The researchers found it

interesting to explore and decided to work on it because it was a topic that can

solve some problems in real life. Considering that they have firsthand experience,

we also believe that they will have no trouble responding to the questions.
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Background of the Study

COVID-19 also known as Corona Virus is an ongoing Pandemic. A disease

that changed the lives of everyone since 2019. It started from a Province in China

called Wuhan. It caused a severe respiratory infection causing hard breathing,

flu, and sometimes the patient also experienced a loss of taste and smell. It can

also easily spread out in the air thru breathing, talking, sneezing, and coughing

causing a rapid and contagious spread of the disease. That is why The World

Health Organization (WHO) declared an International Outbreak back in January

of 2020, and since then as of today in the year 2022, the virus still affects the

lives of everyone in the world. It affects not just the health but also the Economy,

Tourism, and the Student’s Education and their Lifestyle.

Because of this Pandemic, with social distancing students were advised to

stay at home and avoid any huge gatherings, classes being cancelled. That is

why all schools’ shutdowns and closed for face-to-face classes. The educational

system changed a lot from face-to-face classes it becomes an online basis,

submitting activities, reporting, performance was all based on online meetings.

That is just one of the changes or adjustments in the life of a student during
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this pandemic. Students might also have a hard time studying and staying

focused at home being in a completely different environment while studying.

On the other hand, the current situation is not merely an inconvenience,

some students may take this opportunity of staying at home to pay attention to

their health some developed an exercise routine, create a diet plan, discover new

hobbies, and notice a new aspect of their lives that they never knew existed.

In a study conducted by Giusti et al. (2021), university students perceived

the absence of direct face-to-face contact as the most notable disadvantage of

distance education during the pandemic, followed by reduced interaction with

teachers. It should be noted that this aspect of distance education and online

studying has been of interest previously to the pandemic context as well.

In a study conducted by Merhout & Doyle (2019), diet and physical activity

among college students has been linked to their mental health and serves as an

outlet for stress. However, as students transition to college and gain a new sense

of independence, they report having difficulties with maintaining a healthy diet,

whether time or finances restrict them.

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Financial help is one of the important issues faced by most students even

before the pandemic emerged. According to Gutierrez (2020), financially many

students today are worrying about debts or student loans, application fees,

rental housing fees, books, study materials, student job loss, concerns about

their future financial status, future education as well as their career.

Nagar T. (2021) defined coping strategies as a cognitive and behavioral

effort made by individuals to deal with challenges presented by stressful

situations. By identifying the impact of Covid-19 on the chosen components of

lifestyles, the researcher stresses the effective coping strategies of the students.

The present’s study goal is to provide an analysis of these factors to come up

with relevant programs. The researchers will distribute a self-made

questionnaire to be given to fifty (50) 2nd-year AB Psychology students through

an online survey.
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Conceptual Paradigm

COMPONENTS EFFECTS OF
OF LIFESTYLE COVID-19
PANDEMIC
ON THE COPING
STUDENTS' MECHANISMS
LIFESTYLE OF STUDENTS
DURING THE
PANDEMIC

Figure 1. The Conceptual Paradigm

Impact of the Covid-19 Crisis on the Lifestyle of the Second Year

Psychology Students
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The conceptual paradigm used in the study was the Input-Process-Output

Model, as shown in the figure above. In the IPO model, a process is viewed as a

series of boxes processing elements connected by inputs and outputs. What goes

in is the input, what causes the change is the process, and what comes out is

the output.

Box one comprises the components of lifestyle which are social relations,

nutrition, and financial aspect.

Box two consists of the processes to analyze the effects of the COVID-19

pandemic on the students' lifestyles, and box three presents the coping

mechanisms of students during the pandemic and the recommended program to

help the students with the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on their lifestyles.
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Psychology Department

Theoretical Framework

The study was anchored on the Conservation of Resources theory,

which to understand responses to stress and suggests that stress results from

circumstances involving threatened or actual loss of valued resources.

Furthermore, it is the desire to defend, conserve, and acquire these valued

resources which motivates human behavior in the face of stress. According to

COR theory, loss is more salient than gain, and loss begets loss. The theory has

received much empirical support and is particularly helpful in understanding

relationships between stress and physical health.

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Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to know the impact of the covid-19 crisis on the lifestyle

of the second-year psychology students.

Specifically, it answered the following questions:

1. How do the respondents adjust to the following components of

lifestyle?

1.1 Social Relations

1.2 Nutrition

1.3 Financial Aspect

2. What are the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student's

lifestyles?

2.1 Social Relations

2.2 Nutrition

2.3 Financial Aspect

3. What are the coping mechanisms or strategies of the students during

the pandemic relative to lifestyle?

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4. What program can be proposed to help students cope with the effect of

the COVID-19 crisis on their lifestyles?

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Scope and Limitation

The respondents of this study were the 2nd year psychology students who

enrolled at Arellano University-Pasig A.Y 2022-2023.

The study solely completes a questionnaire to the respondents to collect

data. The researchers listed and piled all the answers, scores and record them.

And the study only focused on the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the

lifestyle of these students, including their social relationship, health and

financial challenges during the pandemic.

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Significance of the Study

The study will focus on the impact of the covid-19 crisis on the lifestyle of

the second-year psychology students. Moreover, the results of the study will

benefit the following:

The Students, this research may help them identify the different

adjustments to the components of lifestyle and the effect of the COVID-19

pandemic on Social Relations, Nutrition, and Financial Aspects. The study would

also help them determine the useful coping strategies which they can use amidst

the pandemic relative to lifestyle.

The Teachers, this research can help understand the students’ challenging

situations during the pandemic and be aware of the different components that

affect the student’s lifestyle and to help them improve their well-being by

providing a program that will focus on social connection, guidance on managing

finances, and healthy-lifestyle recommendation.

Future Researchers, this research can guide them Future Researchers,

this research can guide them to prepare and create another program or activity.

It will serve as an instrument for reference in conducting a thesis related to the

Impact of COVID-19 on the Lifestyle of Second Year Psychology Students.

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Definition of Terms

Crisis - Situation where there could be someone or something that is affected by

a degree of problem. A point where an important decision should be made that

will determine the future. This can also refer to a person's situation where stress

and their coping mechanism becomes insufficient.

Lifestyle - The manner or condition in which a person is living under. It is

reflected by the behavior, interest or attitude and other factors that surround a

person. Factors that can directly affect a person or group’s lifestyle is their

socioeconomic status, social networks, family or interpersonal influences.

Social relations - The relationships or interactions of a person to another

individual or group. These relationships or interactions are not limited but

include friends, family, and acquaintances.

Nutrition - The consumption of food and its effects on the human mind and

body. Nutrition affects the wellbeing of a person such as diet-mental health

relationship which influences how people think, behave, sense, and feel.

Financial Aspects - The financial matters (relating to finance) such as

allowance, utilities, savings, expenditures, or income. For students, financial

aspects may affect the following spendings, boarding tuition, transportation, and

personal needs.
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Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The study, entitled “Impact of the Covid-19 Crisis on the Lifestyle of the

Second Year Psychology Students” will collect information from target

participants regarding their lifestyle amid pandemic.

Lifestyle is influenced by individual factors, including socioeconomic

status, demography, health, and intrinsic motivations. With the limitations that

the COVID-19 pandemic brought to people's lives, such as the social and

environmental setting limitations, habits and activities shifted on different

means. As Amagro et al. (2020) found out in their academic research entitled

Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during

Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, evident changes in students'

physical activity and lifestyle are observable.

Specifically, they explored the behavior of health sciences students before

and during the pandemic. Additionally, they analyzed group factors like gender,

year of study, BMI, vices, mental health issues such as depression or anxiety,

Mediterranean diet, and living situations. Through self-administered

questionnaires and Prochaska and DiClemente's Transtheoretical Model, they

found out that there is an increase in physical activity and sitting time of
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students even with the restrictions of the pandemic. People who had healthy

behaviors before the pandemic remained active and productive, while those with

unhealthy behaviors continued to commit to those habits.

The group factors investigated in this study primarily affected this

conclusion. For instance, physical activities and sedentary behavior of women

have increased significantly. Compared to men, female students, regardless of

the other group variables, have spent more time doing physical activity during

the pandemic. Their behaviors persist through time and are even strengthened

in intensity. They maintained their healthy habits of exercising and adhering to

the Mediterranean diet. The study's findings suggest that although most studies

expect an increase in sedentary behavior of students during the pandemic, it is

vital to consider other variables involved. More efforts should be made to

scrutinize these factors to deeply assess how to advocate a healthy lifestyle for

students in these difficult times.

Among children and adolescents, the effects of the pandemic crisis are

found to be more long-lasting. In a quantitative investigation conducted in Hong

Kong (Ip, Zhu, & Zhuang, 2021), researchers probed into the lifestyle and social

support changes in the life of children and adolescents then associated them
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with the negative impacts of the pandemic. They aim to determine if these

variables are negatively affected by the COVID-19 crisis.

In this regard, exploration of the impacts of COVID-19 on the lifestyle of

people of different ages should include the adverse effects as well as the

possible reasons and course of actions to support positive change. Healthy

coping and adaptation skills are necessary concepts that should persist and

prevail during this time of crisis. And so, assessing impacts should also involve

physical influences, mental health, and family factors.

Relatively, a large-scale study involving students from 62 different

countries (Aristovnik et al., 2020) assessed the various aspects and elements

that affect students' life during the pandemic. This consists of university life,

perceptions on changes in social, personal, and emotional life, as well as the

sociodemographic factors.

An online survey has been dispersed through university communications

systems and social media worldwide. Selected students who met the criteria were

given further questions through a web-based survey translated into six different

languages. Data from 30,383 students worldwide are condensed and evaluated

through the ordinal logistic regression analysis.

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Physical distance slows the transmission of the virus, but it also limits

people's in-person social encounters, potentially reducing their sense of social

connectedness. The decrease in the physical availability of social ties is worrying,

as research has demonstrated the importance of social connection for well-being

for over a century. Researchers in the social, behavioral, and clinical sciences

have made urgent demands for action to limit the disease's potential damages,

aware of the possible negative repercussions for well-being posed by COVID-19

and its sequelae (Miyamoto-Okabe, 2021).

During the lockdown, students were mostly bored, uncomfortable, and

frustrated, and expressed concerns about their future professional careers and

study challenges. They also adjusted some of their hygiene habits, such as

wearing masks and washing their hands on a regular basis, as well as everyday

routine routines, such as leaving house and shaking hands. While hospitals and

universities appear to have played a constructive role during the pandemic,

governments failed to match students' expectations (Aristovnik, 2020).

Many students are struggling to complete schoolwork because not all

students have access to internet or a gadget to finish their online classes.

Students are under stress because of the numerous school assignments they are

given, and the deadlines for each task add to the stress. Students are used to
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interacting with their classmates at school, which makes it easier for them to

study, however in an online class, students are more focused on solo tasks,

which makes it tougher for them to study. Due to the loss of in-person classroom

relationships, students are increasingly feeling isolated (Tabing, 2020).

The COVID-19 restrictions led students to stay at home and utilize social

media more often than before (Pastor, 2020). Based on the study, people who

stood part of the survey were not satisfied with the plans of the government

regarding the lockdown because it was unclear and not well structured. Many

internet users like students, show unfavorable emotions and provide negative

sentiments towards the government's plan on the educational system.

The COVID-19 crisis changes the lifestyle and behaviors of people because

of the fear of getting the sickness. The situation may also be a trauma to some

people who witness the worst impact of COVID-19 which is to lose someone.

Several people are now mindful of the importance of being healthy and fit

because it is a way to protect and be safe from danger (Kocak et al., 2021).

Different aged groups, including the students, had used social media to

interact with peers rather than physically. The early to late adolescence are

affected because of the community lockdowns wherein social gatherings with

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friends are not allowed. This situation led these age groups to stream the internet

most of their time and not be productive. As they used social media

often, it causes some of them to worry more and get the negative effect of being

stressed which weakens their bodies (Fernandes et al., 2020).

The COVID-19 Pandemic causes many countries to implement Social

Distancing and Staying at home policies because of these rules many people

changed or adjusted their daily routines. From the year 2020 up until today,

many schools have been suspended or abandoned worldwide because of the new

normal which is Distance learning. Some students choose to temporarily stop

attending schools because they prefer attending face-to-face classes (Lee, 2020).

In the previous study conducted by Gallup Panel, a poll resulted in 29%

of the students are already experiencing harm to their Emotional and Mental

Health because of Distance learning or new normal. Other students stated that

they are already at the edge of approaching their limits meaning that they can

still manage to continue with Online classes but not long enough they might also

harm their mental health. 45% are most likely to say that it’s being separated

from their classmates and teachers is one of the major factors that hardens the

social distancing (Calderon, 2020).

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COVID-19 causes a huge fear and distress mostly to people who have anxiety-

related conditions and affected our daily routines it pressured people to fear

being infected or being positive with the Covid-19 and increases the patient

population. Noninfected people still experienced severe changes in their lives.

Including lockdown to prevent the spread of the virus. Staying at home, not able

to meet their friends and loved ones, not being able to go out to the places like

they used to. (Meral et al., 2020)

There are three disquisitions that i wanted to share my postulation about

these matters. First is the commentary that was published on the database of

world health organization (WHO) a vigor and health website that discusses the

therapeutics and cure in every transpired contagion that is trending nowadays

in our community most especially on this ongoing pandemic. This epidemic has

led to a perceptible forfeiture of human life worldwide. It’s veracious that some

of our countrymen are struggling in their physical, emotional and mental aspect

because of the many provocations that they experience in the last three years of

this pestilence. As published in this commentary. That now is the time for global

camaraderie and support, especially with the most endangered in our societies,

particularly in the surfaced and burgeoning world. Only together can we conquer
the entwined fitness and social and economic ramifications of the pandemic and

its aggravation into a guarded benignant and food security catastrophe, with the
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potential loss of already achieved development gains. We must reconsider the

future of our habitat and implements climate change and environmental

mortification with desires and exigency. Only then can comfiture the health,

nourishment, pescatarian and victuals of all people, and corroborate that our

‘new normal’ is a recommended one (Chriscaden, 2020).

Next article discusses about the repercussions of this pandemic on the

custom’s mental health, and naiveness of adults in South Korea. We all love the

country that is filled with catchy music that would make us fond to dance all-

day and a production that would make us binge watch during our free time. But

when this pandemic had struck Korea 3 years ago we cannot enter their country

because of intensified restrictions and the abundance of cases that have covid

and yet there was a consequential deterioration in physical and other purposeful

events, including occasion that prefer to be commemorated physically but we

really expect and pray that we would be interacting with our friends again in the

coming years and celebrating the substantial climacteric that you don’t want to

skip at every distinct moment. However, this research had discrete limitations.
Because of the interpretation method, only people with Internet access could

participate in this research (Park, 2021)

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The last article broadens the impact of covid- 19 in different classification

overall that this has drawn countless juxtaposition some to the worldwide

financial catastrophe of mid -2000’s, others to World War II, and more still to

quandary we know only from chronicle books. While these may seem

phenomenal, the epidemic has had expansive ramifications on nearly every

feature of burgeoning. As we gather and dissect the data, modified and evolve

our financing to meet palatinate’ needs. To pursue this mission effectively, we

will remain a long-term partner to our client countries, providing the data,

technical assistance, and financing that will be needed to navigate the global

community out of this truly global crisis (Blake et al., 2020).

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Synthesis

The articles in this chapter show the similarities of study on the topic

chosen. Many Filipinos believe that they have adapted to the restrictions and

routine of the new normal. The health and wellness of people were affected by it,

eating habits changed and adherence to taking vitamins during the COVID-19

lockdown are vital. Many people adjusted to social protocols, exercising to help

the body be healthier is also a game-changer for everyone. Socializing with peers

became hard to do because of the fear of infection. When questioned what

Filipino's plan to spend on after movement restrictions, spending on essentials

will continue food for cooking at home, cleaning products, and personal care

items. Filipinos will however minimize expenses compared before on restaurants

and cafes, travel, and cultural activities than before. During the ECQ, it was

obvious that Filipinos engaged in online shopping and deliveries versus physical

visits to restaurants, shops, or malls. The coronavirus disease continues to

spread across the world following a trajectory that is challenging to anticipate.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This section of the quantitative research report entitled “Impact of the

Covid-19 Crisis on the Lifestyle of the Second Year Psychology Students”,

outlines the designs, procedures, and techniques employed to obtain the data

necessary to complete the study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the

impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the lifestyle (e.g., the dissimilarity of social

engagement before and during the pandemic, nutrition aspect and finances)

among the Second Year Psychology students enrolled during the Academic Year

of 2022-2023.

The researchers used a quantitative survey to get the data from the

respondents and analyze the by-products. The elements of this chapter contain

the research design, respondents of the study, and sampling techniques. It also

includes the instruments used in the research, the procedures of data gathering,

and the ethical reviews and considerations.

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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Research Design

To answer the research questions, this quantitative study utilized a

descriptive research design with the use of a researcher-made survey. This study

gathered the data and responses from the 2nd Year Psychology Students from

Arellano University Pasig enrolled in the Academic Year 2022-2023. The survey

respondents asked to complete a self-report survey questionnaire on Google

Form after being fully informed of the study's objectives and expressing their

consent. Inclusion criteria were the enrollment in the school year, department,

university aforementioned, year-level and agreed consent to partake with the

study.

The first part of the survey focused on the adjustments to the component

of lifestyle which is composed of regular life-related questions in a 4-point Likert

format. The second part was about the effect of the pandemic on social relations,

nutrition, and financial aspects, followed by their coping mechanisms to stay

rational amidst the Covid-19 crisis. The questionnaires were reviewed and

approved by two Psychology professors and one English Language professor.

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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Respondents of the Study

The respondents selected the Arellano University-Pasig second-year

psychology students who are officially enrolled in the academic year 2022-2023.

We chose these students because we believe they have sufficient knowledge of

our field of study. We, the researchers, asked the secretary of the College of Arts

and Sciences about the number of officially enrolled second-year Psychology

students to see if we had the adequate respondents in this study.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Sampling Techniques

The researchers used convenience sampling wherein the participants were

chosen based on availability and willingness to be part of the study. Convenience

sampling is a method of non-probability sampling that affects the parties being

drawn from a close population group. The researchers used this technique

because they can easily get answers from the students by simply posting a

survey link to a social media page. This sampling technique is also a great way

to be used during this time of pandemic where it may not cost anything, but time

and the supplies needed to have people fill out a survey or answer questions.

The researchers also utilized the purposive sampling technique in the

study as it helped them squeeze a lot of information out of the data collected.

The researchers also relied on their judgment to pick the 2nd year Psychology

students as they have the ideal knowledge to participate in the survey.

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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Research Instrument

The researchers used a questionnaire checklist as the instrument for the

study. The questions included in the document were based on the researcher's

collaborative views about the typical situations that happened to the student's

life during the pandemic.

The statements used in the questionnaires were concise and easy to grasp

to help the respondents answer them efficiently. The questions were about real-

life situations, and a respondent told how much they agreed or disagreed with

the questions using 4- Point Likert Scale. In this way, the instrument obtained

accurate responses from the students.

The researcher-made Informed Consent notified the students to have

greater assurance that they were not identified for giving a thought. They feel

more pleased and freer to voice their idea in this method.

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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Ethical Considerations

The Researchers sought authorization and permission from the Ethics

Review Board to conduct the study as part of the requirement to obtain approval

from the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Dr. Eduardo Senajon, to

survey the students.

The researchers informed the target population and fully notified them

about the analysis concerning the topic of the study. The participants were aware

of the purpose of the project and how the results were used. The objective of

informed consent was that the party can make an informed judgment as to

whether they will participate or not.

Participants in this study were solely 2nd Year Psychology students who

were part of the A.Y 2022-2023. The analysis was intended not to harm

participants or individuals throughout the research period. The researchers

ensured the confidentiality of data, meaning that any identifying details were not

made available to or accessed by anyone but the researchers and faculties

only that were part of the research group. Solely considered the elements

relevant to the study and remained the participant's anonymity.

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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Procedure of Data Gathering

This research aimed to know the changes in the lifestyle of the 2nd Year

AB Psychology student at Arellano University – Pasig. The surveys were used to

determine any differences in the life of the learners. Firstly, the researchers

asked for authorization from the Dean of the Psychology Department to conduct

the survey. The survey questionnaires were sent via Google form, wherein

students answered the queries. Lastly, the researchers tallied and gathered the

data, analyzed the outcomes, concluded statements, and made

recommendations.
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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data collected were treated statistically through a formula. To

guarantee that the proper statistical treatment was correct, the researchers

consulted Mr. Eldrick M. Fonollera, PIE, AEE, and research consultant at

ETCOR Educational Research Center, who checked the results obtained.

For the statement of the problems 1, 2, & 3:

Researchers used weighted mean and standard deviation formulas to tell

how much they strongly agreed, agreed, disagreed, or strongly disagreed with

each statement on the survey.

Determined the adjustments to the components of lifestyle, effects of the

Covid-19 crisis on the lifestyle among the 2nd Year Psychology student and their

coping mechanisms or strategies during the pandemic, weighted mean and

standard deviation formula used, and the formula is shown as follow:

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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

1. The weighted mean is a correction technique that is used by survey

researchers. Weighted Mean is used to show the tendency of the data to

cluster toward the center of a given distribution. The statistical tool used

to determine the adjustments, the effects of the Covid-19 crisis on the

lifestyle, and their coping mechanisms or strategies during the pandemic.

Where:

2. Standard Deviation indicates how far the individual responses to a

question vary or "deviate" from the mean. SD tells the researcher how

spread out the responses are -- are they concentrated around the mean,

or scattered far & wide? Did all of your respondents rate your product in

the middle of your scale, or did some agree and disagree with it?

Where:
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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Interpretation of Instruments

Adjustment to the Components of Lifestyle and Effects of COVID-19

Pandemic on the Student’s Lifestyles

Range of
Rating Scale Verbal Interpretation
Weighted Mean
4
3.26 – 4.00 Strongly Agree (SA)

3
2.51 – 3.25 Agree (A)

2
1.76 – 2.50 Disagree (D)

1
1.00 – 1.75 Strongly Disagree (SD)
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter consists of the researchers' findings with their analysis and

interpretation of the data that had been collected during the procedure of the

study. These are presented in tables following the sequence of the specific

research problem regarding the Impact of the COVID-19 on the Lifestyle of the

Second Year Psychology Students enrolled at Arellano University-Pasig for

Academic Year 2022-2023.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 1 below shows the distribution of respondents according to

adjustment to the components of lifestyle in terms of Social Relations.

Table 1
Std.
SA A D SD Mean Interpretation
Item Dev
1. I feel uneasy with
physical contact with
friends during the
pandemic, like 4 29 13 4 2.66 0.75 Agree
handshakes as a
symbol of connection
and trust.
2. I make sure to ask
friends if they were
vaccinated or not
6 22 16 6 2.56 0.86 Agree
before meeting them
physically to hang
out.
3. I make sure to use a
mask as an essential
material when 29 12 5 4 3.32 0.96 Strongly Agree
speaking to
somebody.
4. I feel nervous about
attending a gathering
14 23 10 3 2.96 0.86 Agree
because I might get
infected by the virus.
5. I am more connected
emotionally with
peers using social
13 24 10 3 2.94 0.84 Agree
networks during this
time of the
pandemic.
Overall Mean 2.89 0.85 Agree
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 1 shows that “I make sure to use a mask as an essential material

before speaking to somebody” has the highest mean score of 3.32 with standard

deviation of 0.96 or interpreted as strongly agree while “I make sure to ask friends

if they were vaccinated or not before meeting them physically to hang out” has the

lowest mean score of 2.56 with standard deviation of 0.86 or interpreted as agree.

According to the study of Buzas et. al (2021), wearing face masks is

recommended as part of personal protective equipment and as a public health

measure to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

pandemic. The face masks start to be part of the new everyday rituals of saying

hello, having a coffee together, and protecting each other. People not committed

to wearing mask can feel peers' pressure to comply.

In summary, the respondents’ level of adjustment on lifestyle in terms of

Social Relations has an overall mean score of 2.89 with standard deviation of

0.85 or interpreted as agree. It is believed that masks should be used as part of

a comprehensive strategy of measures to suppress transmission of Covid-19

virus.
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 2 below shows the distribution of respondents according to

adjustment to the components of lifestyle in terms of Nutrition.

Table 2
Std.
Item SA A D SD Mean Interpretation
Dev
1. I eat more healthy and
nutritious food during 13 27 6 4 2.98 0.84 Agree
the pandemic.
2. I get influenced by the
opinions of others on
what vegetables,
13 19 11 7 2.76 1.00 Agree
fruits, and vitamins to
take during the
pandemic.
3. I often use online
delivery services to
8 21 14 7 2.60 0.93 Agree
order food during the
pandemic.
4. I am physically active
by doing a home
workout to strengthen 4 29 14 3 2.68 0.71 Agree
my immune system
during the pandemic.
5. I consume more
unhealthy snacks and
meals during the 3 19 24 4 2.42 0.73 Disagree
COVID-19 pandemic
than before.
Overall Mean 2.69 0.84 Agree
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 2 shows that “I eat healthier and nutritious food during the pandemic”

has the highest mean score of 2.98 with standard deviation of 0.84 or interpreted

as agree while “I consume unhealthier snacks and meals during the COVID-19

pandemic than before” has the lowest mean score of 2.42 with standard deviation

of 0.73 or interpreted as disagree.

In summary, the respondent’s level of adjustment on lifestyle in terms of

Nutrition has an overall mean score of 2.69 with standard deviation of 0.84 or

interpreted as agree.

Conforming to the study of how nutrition can help to fight against COVID-

19 pandemic where F. Aman et al. (2020) said a proper and healthy diet can

ensure a robust immune system that can resist any onslaught by the virus. A

certain amount of particular nutrient saturates into cells and prevents any kind

of nutritional deficiency. Individuals consuming well-balanced diets appear to be

safer with better immune systems and lower incidence of chronic diseases and

infections.
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 3 below shows the distribution of respondents according to

adjustment to the components of lifestyle in terms of Financial Aspect.

Table 3
Std.
Item SA A D SD Mean Interpretation
Dev
1. I feel the burden in the
financial aspect during
14 26 7 3 3.02 0.82 Agree
the Covid-19
outbreak.
2. I do financial planning
during the COVID-19
crisis because it is an 7 28 13 2 2.80 0.73 Agree
essential tool for me to
budget my funds.
3. I save funds and only
buy the necessary
12 30 7 1 3.06 0.68 Agree
things during this
time of the pandemic.
4. I hope for financial
assistance from the
government to help 18 17 10 5 2.96 0.99 Agree
with some of my
family’s expenses.
5. I ask for financial help
or support from peers
2 10 27 11 2.06 0.77 Disagree
during the COVID-19
outbreak.
Overall Mean 2.78 0.80 Agree

Table 3 shows that “I save funds and only buy the necessary things during

this time of the pandemic” has the highest mean score of 3.06 with standard

deviation of 0.68 or interpreted as agree while “I ask for financial help or support
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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

from peers during the COVID-19 outbreak” has the lowest mean score of 2.06 with

standard deviation of 0.77 or interpreted as disagree.

In summary, the respondents’ level of adjustment on lifestyle in terms of

Financial Aspect has an overall mean score of 2.78 with standard deviation of

0.80 or interpreted as agree.

This finding is congruent to the study conducted by Rahmi E. and Friyatmi

F. (2021) as it appears that the pattern of financial management carried out by

students during the COVID-19 pandemic is fairly good, where students are able

to make good financial budgets and only buy goods according to their needs, and

students are also very careful with debt but financial behavior that is necessary

they improve especially with regard to discipline in recording expenses both daily

and monthly, because by having good financial records.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 4 below shows the distribution of respondents according to the

effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student’s lifestyles in terms of Social
Relations.

Table 4
Std.
Item SA A D SD Mean Interpretation
Dev
1. I follow the social
distancing protocols to
30 15 2 3 3.44 0.84 Agree
be safe from getting
infected with the virus.
2. I take precautions like
washing hands and
often disinfecting
34 11 3 2 3.54 0.79 Strongly Agree
surfaces during the
pandemic, especially
when going out.
3. I usually think more
than twice before
agreeing to attend any 22 21 5 2 3.26 0.80 Agree
social gatherings
during the pandemic.
4. I am more comfortable
using social media
networks to interact
16 19 11 4 2.94 0.93 Agree
with peers than face-
to-face interaction
during the pandemic.
5. I keep my social
relationship intact with
17 28 4 1 3.22 0.68 Agree
family and friends
during the pandemic.
Overall Mean 3.28 0.81 Agree
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 4 shows that “I take precautions like washing hands and often

disinfecting surfaces during the pandemic, especially when going out” has the

highest mean score of 3.54 with standard deviation of 0.79 or interpreted as

strongly agree while “I am more comfortable using social media networks to

interact with peers than face-to-face interaction during the pandemic” has the

lowest mean score of 2.94 with standard deviation of 0.93 or interpreted as agree.

In summary, the respondents’ level of perception on the effect of COVID-

19 pandemic in terms of Social Relations has an overall mean score of 3.28 with

standard deviation of 0.81 or interpreted as agree.

Similarly, the study of Barrett C. et. al (2020) in the United States reported

that most respondents taking hygiene-related precautions to prevent COVID-19;

more respondents reported handwashing (93%) than disinfecting surfaces

(74%).
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 5 below shows the distribution of respondents according to the

effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student’s lifestyles in terms of
Nutrition.

Table 5
Std.
Item SA A D SD Mean Interpretation
Dev
1. I maintain a healthy body
and stay out of
6 25 13 6 2.62 0.85 Agree
unhealthy snacks during
the pandemic crisis.
2. I make sure to do
physical activities every 5 31 11 3 2.76 0.72 Agree
day to remain fit.
3. I practice good eating
habits and take
nutritious juices to 10 33 4 3 3.00 0.73 Agree
improve my immune
system.
4. I check my food
consumption and follow
6 25 12 7 2.60 0.88 Agree
a dietary strategy during
the pandemic.
5. I gain a healthy body and
less tension during the
9 25 10 6 2.74 0.90 Agree
pandemic as I am always
at home with the family.
Overall Mean 2.74 0.82 Agree

Table 5 shows that “I practice good eating habits and take nutritious juices

to improve my immune system” has the highest mean score of 3.00 with standard

deviation of 0.73 or interpreted as agree while “I check my food consumption and

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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

follow a dietary strategy during the pandemic” has the lowest mean score of 2.60

with standard deviation of 0.88 or interpreted as agree.

According to the study of Clemente-Suarez et. al (2022), adolescent

students presented a dietary pattern during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown

characterized by different associations of food consumption. The study revealed

well-defined profiles of nutrition, the consumption of healthier foods such as

meat, fish, vegetables, legumes, rice, or pasta,

In summary, the respondents’ level of perception on the effect of COVID-

19 pandemic in terms of Nutrition has an overall mean score of 2.74 with

standard deviation of 0.82 or interpreted as agree. It indicated that what these

students eat, and drink can affect their body's ability to prevent, fight and

recover from infections.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 6 below shows the distribution of respondents according to the

effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student’s lifestyles in terms of Financial
Aspect.

Table 6
Item SA A D SD Mean SD Interpretation
1. I manage my budget and
spend a little on
13 24 13 0 3.00 0.73 Agree
unnecessary things during
the pandemic.
2. I find it easy to save money
5 18 22 5 2.46 0.81 Disagree
during a pandemic crisis.
3. I still receive allowances
from my parents or
guardians to cover my day- 3 16 18 13 2.18 0.90 Disagree
to-day and school expenses
during the pandemic.
4. I find it easy to handle my
school allowances because
I now have the chance to do
online classes in the
8 23 13 6 2.66 0.89 Agree
comfort of my home and not
use the funds for
transportation and school
meals.
5. I find attending online
classes' tuition fees less
10 16 16 8 2.56 0.99 Agree
expensive than face-to-face
classes.
Overall Mean 2.57 0.87 Agree
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 6 shows that “I manage my budget and spend a little on unnecessary

things during the pandemic” has the highest mean score of 3.00 with standard

deviation of 0.73 or interpreted as agree while “I still receive allowances from my

parents or guardians to cover my day-to-day and school expenses during the

pandemic” has the lowest mean score of 2.18 with standard deviation of 0.90 or

interpreted as disagree.

In summary, the respondents’ level of perception on the effect of COVID-

19 pandemic in terms of Financial Aspect has an overall mean score of 2.57 with

standard deviation of 0.87 or interpreted as agree.

Similarly to the study of Rahmi, E. and Friyatmi F. (2021), for students

managing personal finances is not an easy thing to do because there are

difficulties faced, one of which is the phenomenon of growing consumptive

behavior. Many of the reasons students cannot wisely manage their finances are

because most of them do not have their own income, as well as limited reserves

of funds to be used every month.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 7 below shows the distribution of respondents on the coping

mechanisms of the students during the pandemic relative to lifestyle.

Table 7
Std.
Item SA A D SD Mean Interpretation
Dev
1. I remain socially
connected by engaging
in video or phone calls 19 24 7 0 3.24 0.69 Agree
with friends and
family.
2. I commit myself more
to in-home exercises
than watching
4 24 17 5 2.54 0.79 Agree
television during my
free time during this
pandemic.
3. I find it helpful using
social media networks
as tool to keep me busy
18 24 7 1 3.18 0.75 Agree
and distracted about
the unfavorable effects
of the pandemic.
4. I find listening to
music an effective way
to lessen the stress 34 12 3 1 3.58 0.70 Strongly Agree
and worries of the
pandemic.
5. I find healthy ways to
relax like meditation,
calming self-talk, and
breathing exercises to 21 18 9 2 3.16 0.87 Agree
be an effective way to
stay out of stress and
fear of the virus.
Overall Mean 3.14 0.76 Agree
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Table 7 shows that “I find listening to music an effective way to lessen the

stress and worries of the pandemic” has the highest mean score of 3.58 with

standard deviation of 0.70 or interpreted as strongly agree while “I commit myself

more to in-home exercises than watching television during my free time during this

pandemic” has the lowest mean score of 2.54 with standard deviation of 0.79 or

interpreted as agree.

According to the study of Wald-Fuhrmann M. (2021), people who

experienced increased negative emotions due to the pandemic were found to

engage with music primarily as a way to regulate depression, fear, and stress,

especially via music listening.

In summary, the respondents’ level of perception on the coping

mechanisms or strategies of the students’ during pandemic has an overall mean

score of 3.14 with standard deviation of 0.76 or interpreted as agree. It was

indicative that music has a profound effect on emotions, and cognitive element

of an individual to lessen their worries and burdens.

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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Chapter V

Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation

The current study is to determine the Impact of COVID-19 on the Lifestyle

of Second Year Psychology Students enrolled at Arellano University-Pasig A.Y

2022-2023. A total of fifty (50) 2nd Year Psychology students served as

respondents of the study.

Convenience sampling was utilized in the study since the researchers

established a particular decision that this sampling could create a balance

subset that carries the most significant potential for representing the larger

group as a whole. A researcher-made instrument was made in order to obtain

important data from the participants of the study.

Summary of Findings

The following statements provide a summary of the research findings

based on the statement of the problem.

1. Adjustment to the components of lifestyle

Social Relations

The data revealed that the students who chose "I make sure to use a mask as

an essential material before speaking to somebody" had the highest mean of

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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

3.32. While "I make sure to ask friends if they were vaccinated or not before

meeting them physically to hang out" had the lowest mean score of 2.56. In terms

of Social Relations, it had an overall mean score of 2.89 or "Agree,"

indicating that most students answered "Agree" that they were adjustments

made in their lifestyles involving social relations.

Nutrition

The data collected revealed that item "I eat more healthy and nutritious

food during the pandemic" had the highest mean score of 2.98, and "I consume

more unhealthy snacks and meals during the COVID-19 pandemic than before"

had the lowest means of 2.42. In terms of Nutrition as one of the components of

lifestyles, it had an overall mean score of 2.69 or "Agree," indicating that students

answered "Agree" that they were concerned about their health and nutrition

status during the pandemic.

Financial Aspects

The data showed that the item "I save funds and only buy the necessary

things during this time of the pandemic" had the highest mean of 3.06, as the
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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

data showed. While "I ask for financial help or support from peers during the

COVID-19 outbreak" had the lowest means score of 2.06. In terms of the

Financial Aspects, it had an overall mean score of 2.78, or "Agree."

2. Effects of the covid-19 pandemic on the students’ lifestyles

Social Relations

The findings revealed that the item "I take precautions like washing hands

and often disinfecting surfaces during the pandemic, especially when going out,"

with the highest mean score of 3.54. The participants selected "I am more

comfortable using social media networks to interact with peers than face-to-face

interaction during the pandemic" as the minor concern, with the lowest mean

score of 2.94. Overall, a mean of 3.28 or "Agree" indicated and conveyed those

participants had an adjustment to their lifestyles regarding social relations.

Nutrition

The results indicated that the respondents favored “I practice good eating

habits and take nutritious juices to improve my immune system" as the most

concerned adjustment they agreed to take importance resulting in a highest

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Psychology Department

mean score of 3.00. While "I check my food consumption and follow a dietary

strategy during the pandemic," with a mean score of 2.60, the minor query, they

adjusted too.

Financial Aspect

The data revealed that the 2nd year AB Psychology students favored "I

manage my budget and spend a little on unnecessary things during the

pandemic," with the highest mean score of 3.00. While "I still receive allowances

from my parents or guardians to cover my day-to-day and school expenses

during the pandemic" had the lowest mean score of 2.18 or "Disagree," indicating

that they had an adjustment on their financial matters because of the crisis. The

overall mean of 2.57 or "Agree" implies that lifestyle components on Financial

Aspect affected these students' lives.

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Psychology Department

3. What are the coping mechanisms of the students during the pandemic

The data showed that item "I find listening to music an effective way to

lessen the stress and worries of the pandemic" was the most preferred way to

cope with the pandemic, as it had a 3.58 mean score. With a mean score of 2.54,

the least frequently used managing strategy was "I commit myself more to in-

home exercises than watching television during my free time during this

pandemic." In summary, the respondents' level of perception of the students'

coping mechanisms during the pandemic has an overall mean score of 3.14 or

interpreted as "Agree."
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Psychology Department

Conclusion

Considering the findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The researchers concluded that the respondents in this study adjusted to

lifestyle components during the Covid-19 crisis. These factors include

Social Relations, Nutrition, and Financial Aspects. Based on outcomes,

students who participated were affected by the pandemic and altered their

ways of living to get through. On the other hand, the study by Abdulelah

A. (2021) stated that staying connected with family members, appreciating

life and death, reorganizing priorities in life, practicing environmental

hygiene, and feeling societal destiny unity were the prominent positive

impacts that emerged. And according to Alaa A. (2022), public health

officials need to promote nutrition awareness. Physical activity and having

enough sleep are recommended, as well as avoiding eating 'junk' food.

2. The findings revealed that there was an effect on the lifestyle of these

respondents regarding Social Relations, Nutrition, and Financial Aspects.

Based on the results, the students agreed that the Covid-19 pandemic

made a massive change in their lives. Nicole H. (2021) stated in the study

that college students are especially prone to feelings of loneliness, and

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3.
4.
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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

they experience higher rates of anxiety and depression compared to the

general population. During this period of social isolation, uncertainty and

abrupt transitions, they are prone to further worsening of these feelings.

Removal from their social support system and extracurricular activities at

their school can cause students to feel less connected with their friends,

organizations, and hobbies.

3. The most frequently used coping mechanism for the 2nd Year AB

Psychology students were listening to music, an effective way to lessen the

stress and worries of the pandemic. They followed by being socially

connected by engaging in video or phone calls with friends and family and

using social media networks as a tool to keep them busy and distracted

about the unfavorable effects of the pandemic. The least used coping

mechanism was committing themselves more to in-home exercises during

my free time. According to study of Dianna V. et al. (2021), music listening

was among the most effective stress coping strategies, and was as effective

as exercise, sleep, and changing location. Effectiveness of music listening

as a coping strategy was related to better well-being but not to level of

COVID-19 related stress.

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4.
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4..The researchers concluded that it is necessary to suggest a framework

to help students cope with the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on their

lifestyles. Clearly, students were affected by it and adjusted to Social

Relations, Nutrition, and Financial Aspects.

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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Recommendations

In light of the conclusions made, the study revealed the students' different

coping strategies and the various impact of the COVID-19 crisis they experienced

on their lifestyles. Thus, the following recommendations are offered:

1. That the administrators of the University ensure the visibility and

accessibility of support for these students by conducting seminars about

social-emotional management. This should encourage students to talk

about their concerns and anxieties, and it will help them deal with

difficulties that may arise throughout their life and the ability to build

relationships.

2. That the Guidance Office conduct financial literacy and wellness programs

for these students, as COVID-19 has also taken a significant economic toll

and health issues. It will help them make informed decisions about their

finances and better handle their funds. Also, contribute to positive well-

being, and provide information, activities, and benefits designed to keep

healthy lifestyle options.

3. The researchers recommend that students should assess the adjustment

they learned during the Covid-19 crisis. Understanding how the

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4.
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Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
5.
Psychology Department

pandemic affects one's social relationships, health, and finances is

essential because it is a coping technique that can help these students

overcome the pandemic's difficulties.

4. The researchers recommend that future researchers consider a more

extensive number of respondents. They can work the research study

among other Psychology year level and university courses. Also, using self-

reports may have limited the results involving the helpfulness of the

survey.

5. Lastly, the researchers propose the utilization of the program below to help

students cope with the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on their lifestyles.
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ARELLANO UNIVERSITY
Andres Bonifacio Campus
College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Topics Facilitator/s Assessment Participants Duration

Social
connection Day 1
challenges Group (1 to 2 hours via
during presentations Zoom meeting)
pandemic and open
relative to forum
lifestyle

Guidance to Pre & post quiz

help about personal
students finance Day 2
manage management (1 to 2 hours via
their and budgeting Zoom meeting)
finances Guidance
during counselor/s, 2nd Year AB
COVID-19 social science Psychology
crisis professor/s, Students
and guest
life coach
speaker/s

Lifestyle Self- Day 3

advice to assessment (1 to 2 hours via
stay healthy questionnaire Zoom meeting)
amidst the provided by the
pandemic speaker/s

A dialogue Oral recitation Day 4 – 5

about how and scenario- (1 hour via Zoom
the based meeting)
pandemic assessment
changes the
view of the
students
about life.

FIGURE 2
The proposed program to help students cope with the effect of the COVID-19 crisis
relative to lifestyle.
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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

REFERENCES

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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Lee, J. (2020, Apil 14). Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-

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College of Arts and Sciences
Psychology Department

Miyamoto-Okabe, C., Lyubomirsky, S. (2021, March 20) Social Connection and

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Tabing, K. C. (2020) The Effects of Pandemic to the Lifestyle and Mental Health

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covid-19-stress-mental-health
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APPENDICES
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APPENDIX A
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APPENDIX B
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APPENDIX C
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APPENDIX D
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APPENDIX E
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APPENDIX F
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APPENDIX G
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College of Arts and Sciences
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APPENDIX H
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