1.

0 General

This document presents the Design of the ICOG Foundation for SECI 4.

2.0 Design Basis

2.1 Units
Units used in analysis and design are SI system.

2.2 Design Standards and Reference

1.0 ACI 318
2.0 1997 UNIFORM BUILDING CODE- Chapter 16- Div- III Wind Design
3.0 1998 UNIFORM BUILDING CODE- Chapter 16- Div- IV Earthquake Design
5.0 Geotechnical Investigation Report

2.3 Soil Properties

Unit Weight of Soil = 18 kN/m3
Allowable Bearing Capacity at 1.0 m below grade = 90 kN/m2
Angle of internal friction, φ = 16 deg
Coefficient of friction between soil and concrete = 0.3

2.4 Material Specification

1) Structural Concrete

28 days Cylinder Compressive Strength fc' = 20 Mpa

Modulus of Elasticity Ec = 21019.039 Mpa

2) Plain Concrete or Lean concrete

28 days Cylinder Compressive Strength fc' = 10 Mpa

3) Reinforcement steel

Yield strength of Deformed bars fy ≥ 500 Mpa

2.5 Transformer Specification

S.No. Parameter 33kV ICOG Unit

1) Length 2700 mm
2) Width 1200 mm
3) Height 2700 mm
4) Weight 1.1 t

Page 1 of 16
3.0 Load Calculation

The following loads are considered acting on the structure.

3.1 Dead load

a) Self Weight

The self weight of the structure has been considered as following and the same has been applied
in staad.

Unit Weight of strcutural elements

Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
b) Dead load due
Weight of 33kV ICOG = 1.1 t
Load acting onplatform due to ICOG = 0.327 t/m2

3.2 Live load

Considering a live load of 1.5kN/m2 on the ICOG platform.

Page 2 of 16
4 Calculation of Wind Pressure on Transformer

Design wind speed = 170 kmph = 105.59 mph

As per UBC 97 Section 1620
Design wind pressure P = Ce.Cq.qs.Iw
Where,
P= Design wind pressure
Combined height, exposure and gust factor coefficient for exposure categogry C as
Ce =
given in Table 16-G. (see annex)
Pressure coefficient for the structure or portion of structure under consideration as
Cq = given in Table 16-H; = 0.8 for Windward wall and 0.5 for leeward wall; total = 1.3

Iw = Importance factor as set forth in Table 16-K.

Wind stagnation pressure at the standard height of 33 feet (10 000 mm) as set forth
qs = in Table 16-F.

Hence,

Horizontal Pressure Vertical Pressure

Ce = 1.06 1.06
Cq = 1.30 0.70
Iw = 1.00 1.00
qs = 27.66 psf 27.66 psf
1.33 kN/m 2
1.33 kN/m2
Therefore ,
P = 1.06x1.3x1.33x1 1.06x0.7x1.33x1
1.84 kN/m 2
0.99 kN/m2

Page 3 of 16 Rev. No : 0
 5 Calculation of Loads & Moments due to Wind
5.1 Input Data
(considering conservatively)
2.70
Length of ICOG = m

1.20
Width of ICOG = m (considering conservatively)

2.70
Height of ICOG = m (considering conservatively)
Height of ICOG bottom above plinth = 1.00 m
Design wind pressure, Lateral = 1.84 kN/m2
Design wind pressure, Vertical-upward = 0.99 kN/m2

Hence, Wind Load transferred at top of supporting Pedestal level:

Total Wind Lateral load in North-South Direction = 1.84x2.7x2.7
= 13.42 kN
Hence, Wind lateral load at corner = = 1.70 kN - See load distribution
Hence, Wind lateral load at mid = = 3.40 kN diagram below

Total Wind Lateral load in East-West Direction = 1.84x2.7x1.2

= 5.97 kN
Hence, Wind lateral load at each corner bracket = = 1.50 kN

Moment due to North-South direction loads i.e. (Mx)

= 13.42x(2.7/2)
= 18.12 kN.m

Moment due to East-West Direction loads i.e. (Mz)

= 5.97x(2.7/2)
= 8.06 kN.m

Push-Pull due to North-South Dir WL; Pwz

At corner brackets = 7.55 kN
At center bracket = 15.10 kN

Push-Pull due to East-West Dir WL; Pwx

At corner brackets = 1.49 kN

Total Uplift load due to Wind; P = 0.99x2.7x1.2

= 3.21 kN
Hence, Max uplift per Pedestal, Py = 0.81 kN

Page 4 of 16 Rev. No : 0
5.2
Wind Lateral Load Distribution Diagram in each support Bracket in North-South direction

1.7 kN 1.7 kN
3.40 kN

1.515m 3.03m 1.515m

5.3
Wind Lateral Load Distribution Diagram in each corner Bracket in East-West direction

1.5 kN

1.5 kN

Page 5 of 16 Rev. No : 0
6 Seismic Load Calculation
(Refer: UBC-1997)
Terminologies
Z = Seismic Zone Factor, See Table 16-I
I = Seismic Importance Factor, See Table 16-K
R = Ductility Coefficient, See Table 16-N
Ca  = Seismic Coefficient, See Table 16-Q
Cv  = Seismic Coefficient, See Table 16-R
Na  = Near Source Factor, See Table 16-S
Nv  = Near Source Factor, See Table 16-T
T = Time period for building/structure in seconds

Here,
Z = 0.10
I = 1.00
R = 5.00
Ca = 0.22
Cv  = 0.32
Na  = 1.00
Nv = 1.00
T = 0.60
W = 11 kN

Calculating Base Shear (V)

As per section 1630.2 Static Force Procedure, total design base shear (V) in a given direction shall
be calculated using following formula.
V = (CvI/RT) X W
= (0.32x1/5x1)x11
= 1.1756156 kN

The total design base shear calculated from above equation need not be greater than the following:

V_max = (2.5CaI/R) X W
= (2.5x0.22x1/5)x11
= 1.21 kN > 1.1756156 kN OK

But, it shall be greater than the following:

V_min = 0.11CaI W
= 0.11x0.22x1x11
= 0.2662 kN < 1.1756156 kN OK

Hence, Design Seismic Base Shear:

V_eq-des = 1.1756156 kN

However, since this is less than minimum Shear due to Wind Load, hence it is not considered for
further design of Foundation.
Page 6 of 16 Rev. No : 0
However, since this is less than minimum Shear due to Wind Load, hence it is not considered for
further design of Foundation.

Page 7 of 16 Rev. No : 0
7 Raft Foundation Design:

7.1 INPUT
Parameter Value
Yield strength of steel f'y = 500 N/mm2
Strength of concrete f'c = 20 N/mm2
Soil Unit weight γ soil = 18 kN/ m3
Gross Bearing Capacity qa = 90 kN/ m2
Allowable Bearing
Capacity = 'Net SBC + Soil Pgross = 79.20 kN/ m2
density*D
Strength Reduction Factor for Moment, fm
= 0.9
(Cl. No. 9.3.2.1)
Strength Reduction Factor for Shear, fS (Cl.
= 0.7
No. 9.3.2.1)
Concrete Unit weight γ concrete = 25 kN/ m3
Thickness of raft, dt = 0.30 m
Depth of foundation below
D = 0.15 m
FGL
Depth of soil above footing d' = 0.00 m
Plinth ht. above FGL h = 0.15 m
Raft Dimensions
Lx = 4.68 m
Bz = 1.6 m
[1] [2] [3]
4680 mm
(0,0)
200 1400 1400 1480

[A]
150
C1 C3 C5 C7
mm

mm

100 mm
1600

1200
mm

[B]
100

C2 C4 C6 C8
150

200

Page 8 of 16 Rev. No. 0

 Cantilever length from centre line of columns
Left 0.15 m Top 0.15 m
Right 0.15 m Bottom 0.15 m

The total area of the raft = 1600x4680 mm2

= 7488000 mm 2

A_fdn = 7.49 m2

7.2 DESIGN LOADS AT FOUNDATION LEVEL:

Column loads:
Load X Z Mz Mx CGx CGz
Column/ Pedestal Node
(kN) (m) (m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (m) (m)
C1 3 10.87 0.2 0.2 2.174 2.174 2.350 0.800
C2 1 10.87 0.2 1.4 2.174 15.218
C3 7 20.39 1.6 0.2 32.629 4.079
C4 5 20.39 1.6 1.4 32.629 28.550 e_x e_z
C5 11 20.19 3 0.2 60.576 4.038 0.011 0
C6 9 20.19 3 1.4 60.576 28.269
C7 15 11.99 4.48 0.2 53.720 2.398
C8 13 11.99 4.48 1.4 53.720 16.787
Total = 126.89 298.20 101.51

7.3 MAXIMUM MAGNITUDE OF DESIGN MOMENT AT BASE OF FOUNDATION:

Moment at base of Raft Mb_x = P . |e_z| + Mx + Vz . (D+h)
= (126.892 x 0) + 18.12 + (13.42 x (0.15+0.15)) = 22.15 kN-m

Mb_z = P . |e_x| + Mz + Vx . (D+h)

= (126.892 x 0.011) + 8.06 + (5.97 x (0.15+0.15)= 11.25 kN-m

7.4 SELF WEIGHT OF FOUNDATION:

Total vertical load on footing : (Self weight of foundation & overburden soil)
Discreption Nos. Area Height Density Weight
Pedestal (above GL) Considered in stadd
Bottom Pad 1.00 7.49 0.30 25 56.16
Weight of soil overburden ( 1.00 7.49 0.00 18 0.00 - Ignore soil wt. for stability
Total Dry Weight WD WD= 56.16
Consider eccentricity of above selfweight to be negligible.
Net Vertical Imposed Load from Transforme P_net = 126.89 kN
Gross Vertical Load P_gross = WD + V
= 56.16+126.89
183.05 kN

7.5 SECTION MODULUS OF RAFT BASE AREA:

Ix = Lx . Bz3 Zx = Lx . Bz2
12 6
= 1.597 m4 = 2.00 m3

Page 9 of 16 Rev. No. 0

 Iz = Bz x Lx3 Zz = Bz x Lx2
12 6
= 13.667 m4 = 5.84 m3

7.6 CHECK FOR BEARING PRESSURE:

16.95 kN/m2
P_net / A_fdn = P_gross / A_fdn = 24.446 kN/m2

For Max Mb_x case: Mb_x_max = 22.146 kN-m Mx / Zx = 11.091 kN/m2

Corresponding Mb_z = 1.396 kN-m Mz / Zz = 0.239 kN/m2

For Max Mb_z case: Mb_z_max = 11.247 kN-m Mz / Zz = 1.926 kN/m2

Corresponding Mb_x = 0.000 kN-m Mx / Zx = 0.000 kN/m2

Hence, we have:
Net Max Corner Pressure = q_net_max = 16.946 + 11.091 + 0.239 = 28.276 kN/m2
< 90.000 kN/m2 OK

Net Min Corner Pressure = q_net_min = 16.946 - 11.091 - 0.239 = 5.616 kN/m2

Gross Min Corner Pressure = q_gross_min = 24.446 - 11.091 - 0.239 = 13.116 kN/m2
> 0.000 kN/m2 OK

7.8 CALCULATION OF RAFT DESIGN MOMENTS:

In the X-direction, the raft is divided into two long column strips supporting 4 pedestals each:-
Maximum moment in strip
Width = 1m - say
Max. Soil Pressure = 28.276 KN/m2
Max Span = 1.480 m - of eqiv. double span beam
Maximum moment = 28.276 X 1.480 2
X 1/ 1
10
= 6.19 KNm/m

In the Z-direction, the raft is divided in two column strips, supporting 2 pedestals each.
Considering the worst affected edge strip :-
Width = 1m - say
Cantilever Moment
Avg. Soil Pressure = 18.872 KN/m2
Span = 0.200 m
18.872 X 0.200 2
X 1/ 1
Maximum moment =
10
= 0.08 KNm/m

Page 10 of 16 Rev. No. 0

 Span Moment
Avg. Soil Pressure = 18.872 KN/m2
Span = 1.200 m
18.872 X 1.200 2
X 1/ 1
Maximum moment =
8
= 3.32 KNm/m
Therefore,

9.29 KNm/m
Maximum Factored Bending Moment =
Limiting Moment of Resistance = 0.133 bd2
However depth required dreq. = 60 mm
Therefore depth provided dt = 300 mm
Hence effective depth deff = 260 mm

7.9 Stability check

Restoring moment Mr = 183.05x1.6/2
= 146.44 kNm
Overturning moment Mb = 11.25
F.O.S against
Mr / Mb = Restoring moment / Overturning moment
Overturning
= 13.02 > 1.5
Safe in overturning
Restoring force Rf = Pxm
= 54.92 kN
Destabilising force F = 13.42 kN
F.O.S against
Rf / F = Restoring force / Destabilising force
Sliding
4.09 > 1.5
Safe in sliding

Check for Punching Shear :

Let depth required = 260 mm
Shear Strength of Concrete = ks tc
Where ks = 0.5 + bc
bc = Short dimension of column = 1
Long dimension of column
Therefore ks = 1
tc = 0.25 √ fc' N/mm2
= 1.12 N/mm2
Hence, Shear Strength of Concrete = 1.12 N/mm2

Page 11 of 16 Rev. No. 0

 Check For Worst Case Corner Column:
Perimeter bo = 360 + 360 + 0 + 0
= 720 mm
Nominal Shear Stress tv = Vu = 30589.5
bod 187200
= 0.16 N/mm2 < 1.12 N/mm2
Hence Effective depth is O.K.

7.11 Development Length :

Development length Ld 0.87 sy f
=
4 tbd
where, tbd '= bond stress of grade of concrete
'= 1.2
Therefore,

Ld = 91 d

7.12 Design for Bending Reinforcement along X-Direction

Mu = 9.29 kN-m/m
= 9.3E+06 N-mm/m
Factor, b1 = 0.93
Maximum ratio of Tension Reinforcement,
= 0.017
rmax =[ 0.85 x b1 x f'C x 600]/{fYx(600+fY)}
Minimum ratio of Tension Reinforcement,
rmin ( As per Cl. No. 10.5.4) = 0.0018

Factor, wmax = rmax x fY / f'C = 0.431

Depth of Equivalent Stress Block, = 131.9

amax = 600 x b1 x d / ( 600 + fY )
M
ByU/bd
2
f'C the equation, MU / bd2f'C = fm x w x ( 1- 0.59w =
solving 0.007
)
w = 0.008
r = w x f'C / fY = 0.0003
Remarks O.K.
Area of tension reinforcement, = 540.00 mm2/m
Ast,reqd. = Max of rxbxd & rminxbxD

Bar Dia. Provided = 12 mm

Required Spacing = 205 mm
Spacing Provided = 200 mm
r provided = 0.0022

Page 12 of 16 Rev. No. 0

 Check for beam action as per Cl. No. 11.1 to 11.5
Check for shear along X-direction

Shear force at a distance d from face of pedestal, VU = 11.03 kN/m

Moment at a distance d from face of pedestal, MU = 1.82 kN-m/m
VU x d / MU (as per Cl. No. 11.3.2.1) = 1.000
Nominal shear strength provided by concrete,
= 195.7 kN / m
VC=(0.16xÖ f'C+17 x rW x VU x d/MU)bd
Maximum Shear Strength provided by Concrete,
= 337.2 kN / m
VC,max = 0.29 √ f'C x bxd (as per Cl. No. 11.3.2.1)
Remarks O.K.
fSVC = 137.0 kN / m
Remarks O.K.

7.13 Design for Bending Reinforcement along Z-Direction

Mu = 4.98 kN-m/m
= 5.0E+06 N-mm/m
Factor, b1 = 0.93
Maximum ratio of Tension Reinforcement,
= 0.017
rmax =[ 0.85 x b1 x f'C x 600]/{fYx(600+fY)}

Minimum ratio of Tension Reinforcement,

= 0.0018
rmin ( As per Cl. No. 10.5.4)

Factor, wmax = rmax x fY / f'C = 0.431

Depth of Equivalent Stress Block,
= 131.9
amax = 600 x b1 x d / ( 600 + fY )

MU/bd2f'C = 0.004

By solving the equation, MU / bd2f'C = fm x w x ( 1- 0.59w )

w = 0.004
r = w x f'C / fY = 0.0004
Remarks O.K.
Area of tension reinforcement,
= 540.00 mm2/m
Ast,reqd. = Max of rxbxd & rminxbxD

Bar Dia. Provided = 12 mm

Required Spacing = 205 mm
Spacing Provided = 200 mm
r provided = 0.0022

Page 13 of 16 Rev. No. 0

Check for beam action as per Cl. No. 11.1 to 11.5
Check for shear along Z-direction

Shear force at a distance d from face of pedestal, VU = 5.47 kN/m

Moment at a distance d from face of pedestal, MU = 1.33 kN-m/m
VU x d / MU (as per Cl. No. 11.3.2.1) = 1.000
Nominal shear strength provided by concrete, = 195.7 kN / m
VC=(0.16xÖ f'C+17 x rW x VU x d/MU)bd

Maximum Shear Strength provided by Concrete,

= 337.2 kN / m

VC,max = 0.29 Ö f'C x bxd (as per Cl. No. 11.3.2.1)

Remarks O.K.
fSVC = 137.0 kN / m
Remarks O.K.

Page 14 of 16 Rev. No. 0

 Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment
Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kN-m My kN-m Mz kN-m
1 101 DL+LL 0.046 0.55 -0.02 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X 0.02 0.523 -0.02 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X0.071 0.577 -0.02 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z0.045 0.584 -0.044 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z0.046 0.516 0.004 0 0 0 10.87
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.725 -1.697 -0.02 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.816 2.798 -0.02 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z-0.043 10.87 -2.01 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z0.134 -9.769 1.969 0 0 0
3 101 DL+LL 0.046 0.55 0.02 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X 0.02 0.523 0.02 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X0.071 0.577 0.02 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z0.046 0.516 -0.004 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z0.045 0.584 0.044 0 0 0 10.87
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.725 -1.697 0.02 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.816 2.798 0.02 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z0.134 -9.769 -1.969 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z-0.043 10.87 2.01 0 0 0
5 101 DL+LL 0.009 0.756 -0.028 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X-0.026 0.761 -0.028 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X0.044 0.752 -0.028 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z0.008 0.8 -0.06 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z0.009 0.712 0.003 0 0 0 20.393
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.959 0.831 -0.028 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.976 0.682 -0.028 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z-0.147 20.393 -3.3 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z0.165 -18.88 3.244 0 0 0
7 101 DL+LL 0.009 0.756 0.028 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X-0.026 0.761 0.028 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X0.044 0.752 0.028 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z0.009 0.712 -0.003 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z0.008 0.8 0.06 0 0 0 20.393
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.959 0.831 0.028 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.976 0.682 0.028 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z0.165 -18.88 -3.244 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z-0.147 20.393 3.3 0 0 0
9 101 DL+LL 0.093 1.395 -0.148 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X0.063 1.405 -0.148 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X0.122 1.386 -0.148 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z0.093 1.43 -0.172 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z0.093 1.36 -0.124 0 0 0 20.192
 20.192
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.748 1.718 -0.135 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.933 1.072 -0.161 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z-0.031 20.192 -2.738 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z0.216 -17.402 2.442 0 0 0
11 101 DL+LL 0.093 1.395 0.148 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X0.063 1.405 0.148 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X0.122 1.386 0.148 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z0.093 1.36 0.124 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z0.093 1.43 0.172 0 0 0 20.192
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.748 1.718 0.135 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.933 1.072 0.161 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z0.216 -17.402 -2.442 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z-0.031 20.192 2.738 0 0 0
13 101 DL+LL -0.147 0.994 -0.126 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X-0.16 1.007 -0.127 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X-0.134 0.981 -0.125 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z-0.148 1.027 -0.149 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z-0.146 0.961 -0.103 0 0 0 11.991
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.569 2.844 -0.143 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.275 -0.856 -0.109 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z-0.325 11.991 -2.474 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z0.031 -10.003 2.222 0 0 0
15 101 DL+LL -0.147 0.994 0.126 0 0 0
102 DL+LL+EQ+X-0.16 1.007 0.127 0 0 0
103 DL+LL+EQ-X-0.134 0.981 0.125 0 0 0
104 DL+LL+EQ+Z-0.146 0.961 0.103 0 0 0
105 DL+LL+EQ-Z-0.148 1.027 0.149 0 0 0 11.991
106 DL+LL+WL+X-0.569 2.844 0.143 0 0 0
107 DL+LL+WL-X0.275 -0.856 0.109 0 0 0
108 DL+LL+WL+Z0.031 -10.003 -2.222 0 0 0
109 DL+LL+WL-Z-0.325 11.991 2.474 0 0 0