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Experimental Reports Format

This document outlines the recommended format for experimental reports at the Hydraulic Laboratory. It recommends including an abstract, introduction, theoretical background, experimental setup, test results, conclusions, and appendix. The introduction should state the problem and main conclusions. The theoretical background provides details to support the introduction. The experimental setup describes the methods and apparatus. The test results show relationships between observed facts. The conclusions summarize essential points.

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Givette Esguerra
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53 views

Experimental Reports Format

This document outlines the recommended format for experimental reports at the Hydraulic Laboratory. It recommends including an abstract, introduction, theoretical background, experimental setup, test results, conclusions, and appendix. The introduction should state the problem and main conclusions. The theoretical background provides details to support the introduction. The experimental setup describes the methods and apparatus. The test results show relationships between observed facts. The conclusions summarize essential points.

Uploaded by

Givette Esguerra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FORMAT OF EXPERIMENTAL REPORTS OF THE HYDRAULIC LABORATORY

Angel A. Alejandrino April 1961

ABSTRACT The abstract fills a gap between the title, which may average only about ten words, and the article which may be ten pages long. Its purpose is to assist the reader who does not require the full contents of the paper. To serve its purpose, the abstract should also summarize briefly but clearly the main results and conclusions, especially all new information likely to be interest to readers who are not specialists in the field. It should be limited, if possible to a single paragraph.

INRODUCTION The function of the introduction is to clarify the subject matter of the article. The introduction should state the problem, describe its condition at the beginning of the study, and tell the reasons for investigating it. It should give its purpose, scope and general method of the investigation. Finally, the introduction state clearly and definitely the most significant result of the investigation. With the main conclusion before him at the start, the reader is able, as he goes through the paper, to judge the development of evidence and inference brought forward in its support. If, on the other hand, the statement of the main point is deferred until late in the paper, the reader is unable to distinguish essential from non-essential evidence and may overlook or forget important features.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND This section is a special device for relieving the introduction of preliminary theoretical information in case such material requires a more complete explanation that it can not be treated adequately in the introduction itself. Mathematical derivations should start with elementary principles or with equations from which a reference is made. All symbols used should be clearly identified when introduced. All equations referenced in the text should be numbered. Sufficient detail should be given to enable the reader for whom the article is intended, to follow the steps himself. Intermediate steps obvious to such reader need not given. The text should always contain the starting point, the assumptions involved, and the resulting working equations. EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP This section deals with the method and apparatus used in the investigation. If the methods or apparatus have been adequately described in accessible publications, references to these should be provided and only enough descriptions to identify the method. Ideally, sufficient detail should be given to enable a research worker on another continent to duplicate the method and also that it be made possible for critics to judge their validity and future readers to correct the results in the light of later discoveries. This means that sources of materials, methods of simplifications, information on possibly relevant variables, etc., should be given. The standards used for various measurements are particularly important. Photographs and drawings should be used to show detail that is difficult to describe in words. This also provides added interest. Illustrations should be complete and detailed. The picture or drawing with its legend and any supplementary notes, should tell the story. Occasionally, it may be necessary to depend upon the text for some detail that cannot be explained by the illustration or its title.

TEST RESULTS The primary purpose of this section is to show the relations between the facts that have been observed. It should indicate the meaning of the facts, their underlying causes, their effects, and their theoretical implications. Graphs should be used to enable the reader to form a definite understanding of the

comparisons, trends, and quantities. However, in some cases, it is desirable to include the table to obtain closer values than be obtained from the graph. It is vital to publish the actual data on which the conclusions are based so that later theorists can use them. If this involves a lot details, especially when there are numerous computations, these are best relegated to the appendix portion of the report.

CONCLUSIONS AND/OR RECOMMENDATIONS This terminal section lifts the essential points out of the mass of detail and displays them as things to be recommended. Although this section develops no new material, it is an organized part without which the report would be incomplete. It should try to stimulate the reader to further thought on the subject matter under investigation. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. 2. 3. 4. Trelease, S. F., THE SCIENTIFIC REPORT, Williams & Wilkins Co., 1951. Kerekes, F. And R. Winfrey, REPORT PREPARATION, Iowa State College Press, 1951. Wilson, E. B. Jr., AN INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, McGRaw-Hill Book Co., 1952. Emberger, M. R. And M. R. Hall, SCIENTIFIC WRITING, Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1955.

APPENDIX An appendix relieves the body of the report from congestion. It presents pertinent data that are too detailed to be given in the text and displays supporting computations, tables and other materials which the reader may wish to use in conforming the soundness of the report.

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