UNIT 4

The number of wildfires is increasing around the world. What are the reasons for this?
What solutions can you suggest to cope with this problem?"

Student 1
Forests are important for people's lives. The effects of wildfires on the environment can be
catastrophic, if humans do not take actions right now. This essay will discuss both causes and
solutions of this issue. 

About causes, humans are part of the cause of forest fires. Some actions such as cutting down
forests, logging, gathering firewood, mining or throwing cigarette butts that are still burning can
also be the cause of large-scale wildfires. A particular example is that in 2019 at Guom
Mountain in Nghi Tan Ward, Cua Lo Town, a forest fire broke out, right next to the area where
people live. The cause is while returning from the gym, a citizen smoked cigarettes and threw
cigarette butts into the protection forest area, which led to the fire. Besides, one of the leading
causes of wildfires is the dramatic change in climate. As the Earth heats up, the temperature
also changes erratically. The temperature amplitude accordingly fluctuates more and more
strongly and always stays high. That suggests that the high temperatures in tropical countries
make summers more severe and wildfires more common.

Forest fires unbalance the ecosystem and directly affect human life. Everyone needs to have a
sense of prevention and protection of the forest from the risk of fire. Firstly, raising people's
awareness by propagating, disseminating and educating people about the law on forest fire
prevention and fighting. Secondly, Strengthening forest protection inspection by closely
monitoring and checking people in and out of the forest or early detecting and quickly handling
of fires as they arise. Last but not least, planning of swidden production areas. Mobilizing and
propagating people not to burn forests for indiscriminate cultivation.

Wildfires are a serious global challenge that needs to be dealt with as soon as possible. We
need to protect our forests, so we can enjoy the benefits they provide.
STUDENT 2

It is believed that one of the main causes of wildfires is campfires and to protect the forests
from the destruction resulted in by uncontrolled fire is such a difficult task for humans. This
essay will discuss the reasons leading to these challenging tasks and give some solutions to the
problem.

To begin with, it is undeniable that the unpredictable weather conditions and global climate
change may make it difficult for humans to prevent fires. The weather forcast can not exactly
predict the direction of wind or how long it will rain. Therefore, campers may face some
unexpected situations when the wind changes direction or blows harder, which may directly
carry the smoke and the spark from campfires to the forest and grow into large fires. Moreover,
the higher temperature caused by global warming enhances hot and dry conditions, resulting in
the faster spread and longer burn of fire. Thus even people are aware of the importance of
using fire responsibly, the hot conditions still facilitate the fire to spread out unintentionally.

Some measures should be implemented in order to improve the problem of accidental

wildfires. The first solution is to have greater supervision and inspection of the forest, especially
in peak seasons. This will enable people to identify the threat of fire timely and take prompt
action to put it out in order to minimize the harm to natural resources and human property.
The other measures that should be considered is to limit global warming by reducing
greenhouse-gas emissions and using less plastic. As a result, the average temperature will drop,
which will lower the likelihood of forest fires.

To conclude, it is hard to prevent campfires from resulting in wildfires due to unstable weather
conditions and climate change. However, people can still improve the trouble by inspecting
forests more regularly and finding ways to lower the temperature all over the world.
Student 3

Preventing campfires from causing wildfires is a significant challenge, given the

devastating consequences of wildfires. The primary reason for this challenge is
the human element, where campers often neglect to take the necessary
precautions. 

One reason for the difficulty in preventing campfires from causing wildfires is that
many people are not aware of the potential danger. They may not understand the
risks of leaving a fire unattended or the danger of setting up a fire in areas where
there is a high risk of wildfires. Moreover, people tend to overestimate their ability
to control the fire, leading to reckless behavior.
Another reason is the lack of proper education and training. Many campers do
not know how to start a fire safely, maintain it, and extinguish it correctly..

To solve this problem, park and forest rangers need to educate campers on fire
safety and set clear guidelines for setting up fires. These guidelines should
include information on where and when campfires are allowed, and how to safely
maintain and extinguish a fire. Additionally, rangers should regularly patrol
campgrounds and enforce fire safety rules to ensure campers comply with the
guidelines.

In conclusion, preventing campfires from causing wildfires requires proper

education and awareness of potential dangers. By setting clear guidelines and
enforcing fire safety rules, we can prevent devastating wildfires from occurring. It
is the responsibility of all of us to do our part in protecting our environment and
ensuring that we can continue to enjoy the beauty of nature for generations to
come.
STUDENT 4

Certain weather causes forest fires by itself, but human activities aggravate the situation even
more. While lighting strikes are a common cause of these wildfires, another cause is
uncontrolled campfires. It’s clear that avoiding the destruction of our forests is a priority, and
one of the biggest challenges we face is how to prevent campfires from causing wildfires
because of some following reasons.

A campfire is a place where people gather around for warmth and laughter, but if precautions
aren’t taken, it can quickly become dangerous. Firstly, one of the most important reason is that
people are too tiny to control the whole square of forests. In other word, human cannot control
the number of campfires so that they can be checked and prevented in time. In addition, there’s
been an abundance of very dry fuel in the forests that act as kindling when a campfire sweeps
through the forest. Wildfires experts see the signature of climate change in the dryness, high
heat and longer fire season that have made these fires more extreme. However, these are
unpredictable factors that people can hardly take control.

Having said that, people can solve this problem in some ways. Among the numerous solutions,
the most effective one is only starting a campfire or bonfire in an appropriate fire pit, cleared of
all vegetation and ringed by stones. Moreover, always remember to make sure that fire is
completely doused with water and smothered with dirt before leaving. Also, to make it under
control, the governments should enact law that heavily prohibits the agents causing fire in the
forests.

To sum up, campfires prevention and control are possible with effective law and forest
management plans, alongside public awareness, responsibility, and concern.
STUDENT 5

Campfires are the top five causes of wildfires. It often causes a fire unintentionally, but it
causes unexpected consequences for the environment and human life. Many people
claim that preventing campfires from causing wildfires is a major challenge. To solve this
problem, we need to find out the reason that leads to wildfires and implement some
reasonable solutions.

Campfires often occur in forests and hills, it is the first step to causing forest fires. After
a campfire, if the embers are not extinguished properly, they will combine with natural
factors such as wind and hot weather and lead to a forest fire, which is beyond human
control and prediction. Ham Lake Fire is an example, an out-of-control campfire off the
Gunflint Trail grew into a wildfire that burned 75,851 acres and hundreds of properties. It
is proof that shows us how serious and dangerous the effects of a campfire are.

However, humans can apply some solutions to save the forest and limit the damage. The
location of a campfire has a significant meaning in helping to prevent forest fires, so you
should choose flat and open places that are far away from trees, houses, and flammable
materials such as brush, logs, and decaying leaves. The most important solution is to
make sure the campfires are completely out before you leave. You can use water and soil
to put the fire out, and when the campfires are cold, you can go away without worrying
about the risk of fire.   

These solutions can somewhat limit the risk of forest fires caused by campfires. Forest
fire is inevitable, nevertheless, it can be controlled and limited if people are concerned
about forest fire prevention. You will not realize how dangerous a campfire is until it
threatens your life.
STUDENT 6

Wildfires are a major problem in every community, and preventing campfires from causing
them is a significant challenge. There are several reasons why this problem exists, and several
measures that can be taken to solve it.

One of the main reasons why preventing wildfires caused by campfires is a challenge is because
of human behavior. People often start campfires in areas where they are not allowed, or fail to
properly extinguish them. This can be due to a lack of awareness about the risks associated
with campfires, or simply due to carelessness. Additionally, some people may start fires during
periods of high fire risk, such as during hot, dry weather, which can quickly lead to wildfires.

Another reason is due to weather conditions. Countries have such a hot, dry weather with low
humidity and strong winds can create the perfect conditions for fires to start and spread
quickly.. Not only that, every government has sanctions to handle violations for causing forest
fires. but this is still very difficult to deter people because the forest is such a large area. We
don't have the resources and equipment needed to supervise every corner of the forest.

To solve this problem, several measures can be taken. Firstly, education and outreach
programs can be implemented to raise awareness about the risks associated with campfires
and how to properly extinguish them. Secondly, fire restrictions can be put in place during
periods of high fire risk to reduce the number of campfires started during these times. This can
include prohibiting campfires in certain areas, or implementing strict regulations around how
and where campfires can be started.

In conclusion, preventing campfires from causing wildfires is a significant challenge in any

community due to human behavior and weather conditions. However, by implementing
education and outreach programs, fire restrictions. we can take steps to reduce the number of
wildfires caused by campfires and protect our communities.
 UNIT 5

STUDENT 7

The two maps show an existing city and proposed changes for the next ten
years. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main
features. Make comparisons where relevant.

Given are the maps indicating how the city has planned to change in the next
ten years.
As can be seen from the diagrams, it is projected that there will be significant
alterations in the area in the ensuing decade, including the transformation of
factories and amenities into green spaces and fewer buildings, which will
make the city less crowded and more environmentally friendly.
Looking at the Western part of the city, it becomes apparent that there are
plans to improve residents' health by relocating two factories to the outskirts
and creating green spaces in their place. A new school, meanwhile, has been
proposed to be erected on the site of the current grocery store. Furthermore,
the top left-hand corner of the area is designated for a new supermarket,
which will replace the existing hospital.
To the North East of the city, apart from plants, there would also be a brand-
new playground surrounding the current pool, changing it into a favourite
place for local children. Concerning today's location of the school and
warehouse, authorities have intended to replace the northern zone with ample
green space, while the other is expected to turn into a hotel. Furthermore, the
transportation system in the area is supposed to be upgraded, including the
modernisation of existing roads and the addition of a railway line running
through the city, making the transportation more accessible.

(229 words)
STUDENT 8

The provided maps illustrate a city at present time and its change in 10 years in the future.

Surprisingly, instead of witnessing a modernization, the city has a more natural, greener look
than it was. There are fewer buildings while more greensward and tree appear.

Currently, there are 6 buildings across two sides of the main road. The main road runs North-
South through the city with many turns each side. To the North-East of the city, there is a pond
with hardly anything surrounding it. The whole area looks like an industrial place for factories
and there are little trees around.

In the next ten years, the number of building will be decreased to three and they won’t remain
the old feature but rebuilt differently. The whole city will look greener with the emergence of
vegetation and more trees planted along the road. The main road remains unchanged but the
road turns will be lesser and there will be a park right next to the pond. In addition, it is
especially noticeable that a railroad will be constructed at the south of the city and it will run
West-East.
STUDENT 9

The given maps demonstrate the oriented development plan of a particular city within
the next 10 years. Overall, the general appearance of the area is projected to be
changed in a more environmentally friendly direction with the appearance of lots of
trees planted alongside the roads in tandem with renovating and rearranging
infrastructure. The future modification of these infrastructures will completely
transform the area.
Originally, the whole region can be divided into two parts by the main road, the
stores, and factories located on the left side while houses and local park take place on
the other side. The noticeable shift in the next 10 years in the area will be the
renovation of the main road to better serve the transport demands of the locals. In
tandem with the improvement of the road system is the re-planning of the city's
facilities, one large mall with small parking lots instead of 3 separate stores as before,
the factories are set to be torn down, making way for the construction of residential
area with houses and apartments. The small lake located at the top north of the area is
forecast to be renovated and the whole area surrounding it will be dramatically
transformed into a park and a play area for children in the city. By contrast, a much
simpler transformation is seen in the bottom south part of the area where a railroad
will be built intersects to the main road which will facilitate transport from West to
East