Temperature control system with hysteresis

for drying oven using IoT

Juan Bucay-Valdiviezo Sonia Veronica - Ocaña Parra Fernando Saá
SISAu Research Group, Facultad de SISAu Research Group, Facultad de SISAu Research Group, Facultad de
Ingeniería, Industria y Producción Ingeniería, Industria y Producción Ingeniería, Industria y Producción
Universidad Indoamérica Universidad Indoamérica Universidad Indoamérica
Ambato, Ecuador Ambato, Ecuador Ambato, Ecuador
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
José Varela-Aldás
Centro de Investigaciones de Ciencias
Humanas y de la Educación - CICHE
Universidad Indoamérica
Ambato, Ecuador
[email protected]

Abstract— The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) The IoT model captures variables such as temperature
spread to the whole world, improving all kinds of industrial through thermocouple sensors [7], [8] uploading online the
processes. Thus, temperature control and monitoring of ovens web server through the network where the users access
through the Internet of Things (IoT) is part of this technology, through mobile devices [9], [10].
especially in the automotive industry. In this work, the
temperature control with hysteresis of a drying oven is carried B. Related works
out incorporating the IoT, with the objective of maintaining the The internet of things, receives a multidisciplinary
temperature within a certain range in the drying process inside concept of applications of dispositive that allow to be
an oven. For this, a thermocouple, heat lamps, couplers and an monitored by sensors being communicated through the
electronic board are used. The temperature data from the
network according to Kirar MK analysis [4]. The Web
drying oven is sent to the internet via WiFi using a router. The
application has become an instrument to provide a better
oven temperature data is recorded in the cloud for its
respective subsequent analysis using the ThingSpeak services. users interface, providing operation based on the reception of
For the results, the temperature is configured in the range of 50 data, equipment status and feedback notification [2].
° C to 70 ° C that is monitored through a mobile application Automation is an excellent solution to problems found in
developed in App Inventor. The tests carried out demonstrate industry to accelerate industrial technology with fewer
the proper functioning of the system and the high usability of human resources, increasing quality, safety and timely
the application. monitoring of the process sequence [11].
Keywords: control system, internet of things, temperature, IoT technology has a low cost for control of
mobile application, electromechanical systems, solving irregularities in
production processes of Companies [12]. Data received by
I. INTRODUCTION sensors can be read and stored from a remote location
A. Motivation monitoring [13] from electrical parameters such as motor and
controller conditions Android operating system through
Currently internet helps us to get an instant connection applications that can be used for control and operation of
making possible for processes and products to be connected actuators and accessories in a system [14]. The stages in
in a logical way and in a real time so industry 4.0 is which an IoT system is divided come from the acquisition,
progressing really quickly [1]. The assembly processes and microcontroller, monitoring and automatic function
the treatment of the different components or auto parts for electromechanical systems [15] such as contactors and relays
the final finishes and touch-ups are determined and allow to activate the mechanisms that are governed with
standardized has evolved in the automotive industrial sector remote access controller [16].
[2]. This work is carried out in the CIAUTO production
plant, in the painting reprocessing detailed below, drying II. GENERAL DESIGN
tools and instruments are used on a smaller scale to keep the
General design of research work is determined by phases
quality control systems as part of monitoring because paint
or stages (see Fig. 1), which are described below: [17]
reprocessing does not require excessive temperatures [3].
There will be constant monitoring, sensors and actuators to Registered layer, which is composed of a network oven, a
allow the operation of the industrial plant to activate the thermocouple, a heat lamp and the electronic board, transmits
controls [4]. data from a sensor to board and activate the heat lamp.
The drying process creates a recirculation of a hot air for Network layer board data is collected via Wi-Fi using a
low temperatures, keeping the checked time of auto parts [5] Router, which uploads data to internet
executing a control loop with the air recirculator and main
role of the temperature control [6], because the quality of the On the Thing Speak page is recorded the service layer
final product depends on this variable. For this reason, the which consists of the oven temperature data record which
monitoring of the temperature value in the drying process will be used for subsequent analysis.
must be constant. Finally, the interface layer shows data in graphics and
monitors network oven behavior.
 Fig. 2. Electronic Circuit
Fig. 1. Outline of the proposal.
To start the programming, we have to realize that Header
A. System requirements is divided into three parts where a new library for Max 6675
The control strategy that will be used would be by testing sensor module is placed, so we can use the type k
thermocouple [18] passing through ESP32 controller to thermocouple; followed Wi-Fi library allows me to start
regulate temperature ranges, the activation of a 5 volt relay sending and receiving data together with the ThingSpeak
and subsequent switching on or off according to temperature library which approves display and monitoring of the
ranges of a contactor and actuators that would be heat lamps. temperature and turn on pulses in manual mode and with
Hysteresis, followed by configuration where condition to be
The programming logic would be given by the Arduino
monitored in ThingSpeak is placed and part of loop where
software is also necessary to take into account conditioning
activation of relay and temperature sensor are placed once
of time because once the curing time has finished, the lamps
conditions of the ranges are given and data of the measured
turn off.
value is printed with a delay to 2000 milliseconds. See Fig. 3.
So that, we will get a low-cost and efficient drying
system when it comes to reprocessing car parts on a small
scale or that require less drying than mass production ovens.
See Table I.

TABLE I. SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Compon
Item Elements Detail
ents
Termopa
C.I
Thermocouple k + r Range
2 MAX
Sensor Module 0Ca
6675 Fig. 3. Programming Code
800 C
Turned
SRD-
2 Relay + Contactor
on range
05VCD- III. CONNECTIVITY AND PROCESSING
3.3 a 5
SL-C
Vcd A. Comunication
Wifi
1 SoC Analog ESP32
To generate connectivity and processing of temperature
Ports control system here we have a detail explanation.
Graph ThingSp
1 IoT Platform
Data eak
For communication, ThingSpeak is used as an
Portable App intermediary, where the mobile application and the local
1 APP control program enter to deposit and take data. 2 channels are
Menú Inventor
created, one channel for temperature and one channel for
control. Regarding the control, it is done through states,
B. System Design where 1.- Manual control and 2.- Control with hysteresis.
For electronic circuit design, a sketch software is used so
this allows us to simulate a development of the elements with B. User interface
their connections. We start by connecting Max 6675 In interface, connectivity with an Android system is kept
temperature sensor module to ESP 32 board using inputs SO in mind since it is an intelligent dispositive to be able to carry
connected to D16, CS connected to D17, SCK connected to out communication, two software will be used, one the
D5, energizing 3 volts to ground, followed by relay ThingSpeak that will allow me to create a communication
energizing 5 volts. volts and a ground followed by the logic channel with measurement sensor and server here is a
that complies with NO and NC contacts with D14 input, clarification to create the channel, it must be linked to the
these will activate the contactor and actuators of the heat same network and due to licensing issues information will
lamps. See Fig. 2. arrive with a bit of a delay and another application called
MIT Inventor allows me to interact with control system
either to turn it on, monitor and receive information from the
module that we are using in real time. To get to this point, the
four steps of communication and connectivity must be well
defined. Fig. 4 shows the layout of the mobile application.
 90
80
70

Temperature [°C]
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
11:01:15 16:47:45 16:50:38 16:53:20 16:56:18 16:59:17 17:02:22

Time [Hour]
Fig. 6. Temperature with hysteresis

In the same way, time of use of pulses or operation of

circuit is recorded both in manual and hysteresis mode. Fig. 7
Fig. 4. Desing of the application show the state data.
IV. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS 2.5

Next, installation of circuit together with electronic 2

components in production plant in painting sub-process is
described, for which it was developed inside oven, the circuit 1.5

State
is programmed to activate and turn off according to 1
temperature range of 50ºC to 70ºC, collecting usage data for
further analysis. Fig. 5 shows the drying oven with the heat 0.5
lamps.
0
11:01:0716:47:4216:50:3416:53:1616:56:1416:59:1417:02:19

Time [Hour]
Fig. 7. State of control

B. Usability Test
To verify usability of designed and installed circuit in the
production plant, a survey of an expert in process is carried
out. This survey is based on a usability scale system called
SUS (System Usability Scale) where it is evaluated Efficacy,
Efficiency and satisfaction, consists of 10 statements
described in the Table II.

TABLE II. USABILITY SURVEY (SUS)

Questions 1 2 3 4 5
1. I think I would like to use this system
X
frequently
Fig. 5. Drying Oven 2. I found the system unnecessarily complex X
3. I thought the system was easy to use X
A. Recolected Data 4. I think that I would need the support of a
X
With data collection, graphs are drawn up where the technician to be able to use this system
5. I found the various functions of this
hysteresis of temperature can be observed in real time system to be well integrated
X
depending on how installed circuit works. 6. I thought there was too much
X
inconsistency in this system
Data collected for present investigation consist of 6236 7. I would imagine that most people would
temperature records in the production of a batch. Fig. 6 show learn to use this system very quickly.
X
the temperature data. 8. I found the system very complicated to use X
9. I felt very safe using the system X
10. I needed to learn a lot of things before
X
starting this system

An evaluation is carried out with Likert scale obtaining

five options; 1. Strongly disagree, 2. Disagree, 3. Neutral, 4.
Agree, 5. Strongly agree; For the counting of the points
obtained, it is classified into even and odd to be able to
evaluate according to indications of the system:
Add all the odd answers and subtract 5, add even answers
and total you subtract from 25, then add 2 and multiply by
2.5; Obtaining a result of 82.5% usability of circuit design. [4] M. K. Kirar, “IoT Based Remote Monitoring, Control, and Protection
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