KEEKONYOKIE BEEKEEPING INITIATIVE 2022

A BEEKEEPING PROJECT PROPOSAL

OFFICE OF WOMEN REP KAJIADO COUNTY

A PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR THE

ESTABLISMENT OF BEE KEEPING AS
AN ALTERNATIVE LIVELIHOOD
VENTURE AMONG MASAI WOMEN AS
AN INCOME GENERATOR AND
ENVIROMENTAL CONSERVATION
TOOL.

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Document information
Information
Document Type PROJECT PROPOSAL
Document Owner WOMEN REPRESENATIVE KAJIADO COUNTY
Issue Date 2022

Document Approvals
Role Name Signature Date
Project sponsor Hon. Leah Sankaire
Project beneficiary Loodariak Women
Project manager
Communication
manager
Project office
manager

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Table of Contents
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…4
1.1 Major goals of the project………………………………………………………………………………………………4
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
2.0.1 Project vision…………………………………………………………………………….4
2.0.2 Project mission………………………………………………………………………….4
2.0.3 Project goals & objectives………………………………………………………….4
2.1.0 Project resources &Budget………………………………………………………………………………………....5
2.1.1 Success of the project………………………………………………………………………………………………….5
3.0 BACKGROUND………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5
4.0 JUSTIFICATION………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5
5.0 BEE KEEPING AS AN ALATERNATIVE SOURCE OF LIVELIHOOD………………………………………………………..7
6.0 ECONOMIC VALUE OF BEES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………7
7.0 SOLUTION……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
8.0 PROJECT DELIVERABLES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………9
9.0 PROJECT TIMEFRAME…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..11
10.0 PROJECT PLAN……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11
11.0 PROJECT RESOURCES………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12
12.0 BUDGET……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..13
12.0.1 Training………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………13
13.0 PROJECT OWNERSHIP…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………13
13.0.1 Women rep Kajiado…………………………………………………………………………………………………..13
13.0.2 Loodariak community……………………………………………………………………………………………….13
13.0.3 Project manager………………………………………………………………………………………………………..14
14.0 REPORTING………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...14
15.0 CRITICL RISKS & ACCOUNTABILITY.……………………………………………………………………………………………..14
15.1 Project Risks…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………14
15.2 Project Issues…………………………………………………………………………………………………….….……..15
18.0 PROJECT IMPLICATIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15
19.0 SUCCESS CRITERIA……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….16

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1.0 APPENDIX 1
1.0.1 Training programme………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….17

1.0 Executive Summary

Bee keeping is emerging as a very successful agricultural practice for local people in rural areas of less developed
countries. Not only does the practice of beekeeping have intrinsic health benefits through providing a food source
of great nutritional value which is lacking in rural areas, it also requires few inputs and capitalizes on a ready
supply of pollen. This project will also help increase rural incomes per household and act as a base from which to
encourage environmental conservation.
This project aims to establish 200 hives on Oloorgesalie Prehistoric site community land in loodariak location,
Kajiado west, Kajiado County. These hives and the initial training of twenty (20) members of this local community
will be used as a platform for the training and support of up to 200 local people who are interested in beekeeping
per year.

1.1 The major goals of this project are hence twofold:

1.1.0 To provide a new stream of income for the community and to alleviate poverty through the training and
support of local people in the practice of beekeeping.
1.2.0 Encourage and support environmental conservation by creating alternative microeconomic activities geared
towards income generation and community support systems. Through this, trees will be spared from being a
source of revenue from charcoal burning.

2.0 Project Description

Apiculture is a powerful way of tackling poverty at the grassroots level. T h e O ffi c e o f t h e C o u n t y
W o m e n R e p r e s e n t a ti v e K a j i a d o C o u n t y is looking to establish two hundred (200) hives as a
platform for the training and adoption of beekeeping practice in Kajiado West, Loodariak location. This project is
primarily concerned with reducing poverty among rural women and providing impetus to the work and role of The
County Women Representative in supporting women and youth create sustainable livelihoods and healthy
lifestyles.
2.0.1 Vision:
The Economic empowerment and support for environmental protection through an introduction of beekeeping in
loodariak location.

2.0.2 Mission:
To empower local people with skills in beekeeping, as a way of addressing rural poverty, environmental
degradation and general health issues.

2.0.3 Goals and Objectives

Phase 1 of this project is an establishment phase which will take place during 2023. Plans for further phases and
expansion will be developed during the evaluation phase at the end of 2023.

1. The establishment of 200 bee hives and training of 20 local community members (women) in the practice of
beekeeping.
2. The introduction of a further 200 local people to beekeeping as a means of providing personal income and
reducing local poverty with a targeted 40% adoption rate in the first year.
3. Improvement of local health standards through the use of bee products such as honey and propolis.

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To establish an innovative model of microeconomic enterprise that can be replicated in other parts of Kajiado
County.

2.1.0 Resources and Budget

1.1 Budget
The proposed budget for the first phase of this bee keeping project is as follows.
1.2 Site selection, establishment and hive installation…..Kshs 3, 233,000.00
2.1.1 Success of Project
The office of the women representative Kajiado County will utilize expertise sourced from relevant government
ministries as well as private experts for the success of the bee keeping project.
We suggest that a combination of quantitative and qualitative measurements that are defined by and can be
measured by the community members themselves would best achieve the assessment of the success of a project.
Examples of the former could be numbers/condition of hives or quantity of honey/products sold. One or more
would be chosen and recorded on report sheets by the beekeepers themselves, as appropriate. The interpretive
measures of success, which really matter to people- whether children can be sent to school, or health improved,
will be achieved by questioning and observation of change in living conditions. We will produce simple survey
sheet generated at the start of the project, for a suitable sample of participants.

3.0 BACKGROUND
The role of County Women Representatives in Kenya is primarily to represent the women and girls in their
counties. The County Women Representative should promote the interests of women and girls within their
counties and the country at large. This role involves coming up with laws and policies that specifically target
women and girls. Through parliament, they should lobby and advocate for equity and equal  opportunities for
women and girls.
They also have a role to play in mobilizing residents in their counties to identify projects that women and girls can
benefit from. They can also influence the national government to include these projects in the budget.
The national government has availed through the women representative the National Government Affirmative
Action Fund. This fund is important although little and therefore funds must be sourced to complement its work.

4.0 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION.

Tuesday 20, September 2022 the county government of Kajiado through the office of the Governor flagged off 75
million shillings worth of foodstuffs to be distributed to 20,000 drought stricken families in need of food aid.

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Kajiado Governor Joseph Ole Lenku flags off relief food at Kajiado County headquarters. Fig 1.0
The above scenario isn’t about to change anytime soon if drastic measures are not adopted to reverse it. For a
very long time, the Masai have relied heavily on one livelihood source, livestock keeping. With increasing scarcity
of spaces for free range grazing, frequent droughts and the reality of climate change.
Evidence from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2007) is now overwhelmingly convincing that
climate change is real, that it will become worse, and that the poorest and most vulnerable people will be the
worst affected. Climate change will have far-reaching consequences for dairy, meat and wool production, mainly
arising from its impact on grassland and rangeland productivity.
In pastoral and agro-pastoral systems, livestock is a key asset for poor people, fulfilling multiple economic, social
and risk management functions. The impact of climate change is expected to heighten the vulnerability of
livestock systems and reinforce existing factors that are affecting livestock production systems, such as rapid
population and economic growth, rising demand for food (including livestock) and products, conflict over scarce
resources; Mugo B, Syomiti M, Hoag D and Gebru G 2015: The status of improved beekeeping technologies as
resource diversification for addressing climate change risks in Kajiado county, Kenya: constraints and
opportunities. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 27, Article #149

Cows on an overgrazed land fig 2.0

Poverty among pastoral communities will over the years be influenced more by climate change and the nature of
livelihood depended on by the Masai community.
The need for alternative livelihood systems that will increase household incomes and play a role in reversing the
destruction on our environment is a very big necessity right now.
Over the past one year, a lot of animals have been lost and many families separated as men drove their cattle in
search of pasture and water, in some cases young boys and girls are withdrawn from school to help in moving
cattle and tending to the young ones, this has not spared PWD within the county.

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Cattle affected by drought 2.1

The need to diversify the livelihood base and increase women participation in creation of wealth has never been
urgent as this.

5.0 BEE KEEPING AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF LIVELIHOOD.

The existing literature acknowledges the benefits of beekeeping as a livelihood diversification strategy and income
source for farmers across the world.
Across the globe, beekeeping provides several invaluable benefits to farming societies. It supports agricultural
production by pollinating crops, thereby increasing pollinator-dependent crop yields (Smith et al., 2014)
Beekeeping is a source of livelihood to millions of people (Adhikari, 2011; Amulen et al., 2017.
Income from beekeeping could also support investment in their agricultural inputs, pay for their children's
schooling, and smoothing consumption. Another benefit is that beekeeping contributes to maintaining
biodiversity (Krishnan et al., 2020). Furthermore, beekeepers could support forest conservation, as forests are key
sources of forage for bees (Degu and Megerssa, 2020; while the medicinal and nutritional properties of
beekeeping products contribute to farmers' nutrition and food security (Manyi-Loh et al., 2011)
Finally, beekeeping can empower women and the youth as it requires minimal resources such as labor and water
(Alebachew and Eshetie, 2020.

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Masai women inspecting bee hives fig 3.0

6.0 THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF BEES.

Beekeeping has been practiced since ancient times and honey has been considered by many cultures as a valuable
and precious commodity that is used in traditional rituals, in healing or as food. Beekeeping can be practiced as an
additional source of income for farmers in rural areas and has been successfully implemented in poverty-
alleviating projects.
In fact, beekeeping requires few resources to commence production. Beekeeping can be practiced by both men
and women and it can quickly be taken up again after a crisis period. The necessary beekeeping skills are easily
transmitted from one generation to another. Traditional hives are made from locally available material such as
hollowed-out tree trunks or clay pots and, in general, are easily stocked with bees during swarming periods,
especially in tropical areas and in forest areas where bees are still abundant in their natural habitat. Beekeeping is
not a labor-intensive activity and honey harvesting generally takes place during lean periods in agriculture (when
most farmers have reduced pressure from farm work). The collected bee products can be sold to generate
additional income to pay for school fees or health expenses, especially during periods of reduced income from
agriculture. Beekeeping can eventually also lead to the development of other activities within the community such
as making of protective gear, smokers and beehives; or the production of value-added products such as honey
beer, beeswax candles or wood polish. Health and nutritional value of Bees Specific mention of key people in
different

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Finished honey products and processing equipment fig 3.1

7.0 SOLUTION
In 1982, Allen-Wardell referred to beekeeping as an economically profitable activity, beneficial and appropriate for
young rural people, because it does not require high initial investments, and therefore, the risk is assumed to be
low. Some of these advantages are as follows:
(a) Beekeeping is an activity that has a low maintenance cost and generates revenues in a relatively short period of
time.
(b) It is not necessary to have a lot of space for the location of hives, and the management of the activity allows
the beekeeper to manage their time more flexibly than in other agricultural activities.
(c) Beekeeping does not require a large amount of land, nor does it require that the land be owned, this important
in that women in most cases do not own land in Masai community.
(d) Beekeeping can improve the beekeeper’s financial security and help create employment due to the variety of
products and services that are generated, thus contributing to increasing their economic income. There Is a
distinction between those goods that honey bees produce for a specific purpose in the hive, which humans have
been able to take advantage of—the so-called “honey bee products”—and those that have arisen from uses that
humans have derived for honey bees themselves, i.e., “honey bees as products”.

Beekeeping is emerging as a very successful agricultural practice for local people in rural areas of less developed
countries. Not only does the practice of beekeeping have intrinsic health benefits through providing a food source
of great nutritional value which is lacking in rural areas, but beekeeping requires few inputs and capitalizes on a
ready supply of pollen. In rural areas there is almost an unlimited source of pollen and bees aid greatly in the
natural cross pollination of plants.
This project aims to establish 200 hives on Oloorgesalie Prehistoric site community land in loodariak location,
Kajiado west, Kajiado County. These hives and the initial training of twenty (20) members of this local community
will be used as a platform for the training and support of up to 200 local people who are interested in beekeeping
per year.

In our research we found out that the full establishment of one hive costs around 12,800.00 shillings ($106US).
Projected revenue from a single hive per year is 20,000-50,000 Kenya shillings. This therefore makes beekeeping a
viable microeconomic enterprise which pays for itself in the first year, provides health benefits and is a practical
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insurance against deforestation and local unemployment. There is major potential for grassroots poverty
alleviation and empowerment of local people through the practice of beekeeping.
The major goals of this project are hence twofold:
1. To provide a new stream of income for the community and to alleviate poverty through the training and
support of local people in the practice of beekeeping.
2. Encourage and support environmental conservation by creating alternative microeconomic activities geared
towards income generation and community support systems. Through this, trees will be spared from being a
source of revenue from charcoal burning.

Flow chart on honey processing fig 4.0

8.0 PROJECT DELIVERABLES

PROJECT DELIVERABLES
# Description. # DESCRIPTION NOTES
1 Capacity and infrastructure of 1.1 A meeting of the Meetings will be
Loodariak women groups in community called to conducted to sensitize
honey production increased enable sensitization of the community at large
the initiative. on the proposed activity.
This component will be
important to have the
input of community
members and work our
strategies to enable
members own the
project.
1 Capacity and infrastructure of 1.2 Training venue This is important in that
Loodariak women groups in established the project will rely on
honey production increased expertise from relevant

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government ministries
as well as private firms
engaged to train the first
group on bee keeping
and management
processes.
1 Capacity and infrastructure of 1.3 Bee keeping farm A central location from
Loodariak women groups in establishment. which all members can
honey production increased have access is
important. This will also
be a place bee hives will
be protected from
predators, vandalism
and theft.
2 Equipment provision 2.1 Initial bee keeping The provision of suits,
equipment provided sieves and buckets for
honey processing
3 Product quality improvement 3.1 Label production This labels will be
printed with the group
name with
environmental
conservation messages
on it.
4 Distribution mechanism 4.1 Relationship with The establishment of
stakeholders both these relationships will
county government, enable access to
retailers and the export markets for ease of sales
promotion council and acquisition of new
markets.
5 Monitoring and 5.1 Two harvest Beekeepers were
evaluation Record Forms trained on the
system completed per importance of recording
implemented for year by group after and keeping information
production and each honey on beekeeping
compliance harvest operation. Good
records kept by the
beekeeper helped to
follow up the
progress of performance
of the project. Two
records are
particularly important:
operational records and
harvesting records.
Activities and timeframes fig 4.1

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9.0 TIMEFRAME.
Establishment of this project relies on the founding of 200 hives on community land as
well as the training of key people in beekeeping skills. There is an initial establishment
timeframe of 1 year. In the first year this project aims to meet the key goals and
objectives before an evaluation looks at possible expansion of the project to cover more women groups in the
County.
10.0 PROJECT PLAN
D TASK DURATION January February March
April
5/01 12/01 19/01 26/01 2/02 9/02 16/02 23/02 1/01 8/03 15/03 22/03 29/03

1 16
Initiation. days
4 days
2 Develop
project case.
5 days
3 Establish
TOR
Appoint 3 days
4 project
team.

Perform 1 day
5 stage gate

48
6 PLANNING days
9 days
7 Create
project plan
Create 5 days
8 resource
plan

9 Create 4 days
quality plan
10 Create risk 6 days
plan
11 Create 4 days
acceptance
plan

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12 Create 4 days
comm plan
13 Create 4 days
procuremen
t plan
14 Contract 6 days
suppliers
15 Perform 1 day
stage gate
16 EXECUTION 5 days
17 Build 3 days
deliverables
18 M&E 4 days
19 Perform 1 day
stage gate
CLOSURE 7 days
20 Perform 6 days
project
closure
21 Review 1 day
project
completion
Project work plan fig 5.0

11.0 PROJECT RESOURCES.

Project Resources
Type Quantity Notes
Langstroth 200 1. Easy to transport
2. Easy to inspect the hive
3. Easy to control swarming
4. Long lasting
Land N/A Community land will be donated to start the apiary
project. Ideal and will be owned and accessed by
community members.
Staff 1. Project manager Apart from staff seconded from the agriculture
2. Field officer(2) ministry, we will have staff from the office of the
women representative Kajiado county from who the
project will be under.
Items &equipment fig5.1

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12.0 BUDGET
Items Unit Cost Units Required Total Costs (Kshs) Total Cost (US)

Bee hive 7000 200 1,400,000.00 11,594.00

Smokers 5800 10 58,000.00 480.00
Overalls 6000 5 35,000.00 290.00
Veils 6000 5 30,000.00 248.00
Gloves 2000 10 20,000.00 166.00
Wax (Cost/kg) 5000 10 50,000.00 413.00

Wires/nails 300 50 15,000.00 124.00

Transport 150,000. 1 150,000.00 418.00
labor 500 200 100,000.00 829.00
Totals 1,858,000.00 15,393.00
Budget estimates table fig 2.0 Note: All costs in US dollars are based on 121Kshs/US Dollar fig 6.0

12.0.1 Training.
Item Cost No. No. of Total (Kshs) Total (US)
days
1. Transport for facilitator 15,000.00 124.00
15,000 3 5
2. Stationery N/ 10,000.00 83.00
50 200 A
3. Consultancy fees 150,000. 150,000.00 1243.00
00 1 1
4. M&E 70,000.
280,000.00 2319.00
00 4
Total cost for one phase of training
455,000.00 3770.00
Total cost for 3 phases of training
1,365,000.00 11,309.00
(Apiary site selection, establishment and hives installation will be done through community involvement) fig 6.0.1
The total cost of establishing this project is Kshs 3,223,000.00/= (US$26,702).
13.0 PROJECT OWNERSHIP
You need to make clear in this document; who owns the project delivery, who the project
is being delivered for and who will be kept informed of the status of the project during its
life cycle. Note:
13.0.1 The Woman Representative Kajiado County.
This is the project sponsor and will be responsible for the delivery of the project. She will
be the person responsible for the overall success of the project, she will appoint the
project manager and team, defining success criteria, and ensuring the successful delivery
of the project.
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13.0.2 Loodariak Community Members
The project once complete will be handed over to the community members to own and
drive forward. In as much as this project will be financed by stakeholders through the
office of the women representative Kajiado County, the project will be wholly owned by
community members.
13.0.3 The Project Manager.
This person will be appointed as soon as funds are availed and will be from the office of
the women representative, working in partnership with other stakeholders to deliver the
project to its successful conclusion.

Project Ownership
Role Name Contact Details
Project Sponsor Kajiado Women Representative Phone: 0724655824

Project Customer Loodariak Community Members Contact person: 0706049360

Project Manager To be appointed from office of the

women rep
Fig 7.0

14.0 REPORTING
Project reporting will be done on a monthly basis to be able to keep abreast of the happenings on the
ground.
This will be done to highlight the following.
1. Will shows us what project team is working, so they can explain why it’s working and focus more on
it.
2. Will enable project team uncover what’s not working so the team can investigate and determine
an appropriate course of action.
3. 3. Gives us a 360° overview of how the project is doing so that they can determine what steps to take
next.
15.0 CRITICAL RISKS AND ACCOUNTABILITY
Critical risks associated with this project include:
 Poor adoption rate of participants and wasted teaching resources
 Wasted bee products in initial raids due to inexperience
 Vandalism to hives
 Longer lag time in establishment and production.
The woman representative will be solely responsible to project donors and partners for the success of the project;
and eventual uptake by the community. This will also be the expectation of staff assigned to the project who will
work under her.
Financial reporting mechanisms have been established and financial reports will initially be expected on a
quarterly basis.

15.0.1 Project risks

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Project Risks
Risk Details Likelihood
Vandalism to bee hives In instances where hives Very low
have not been well
protected.
Longer lag time in establishment and Funds may delay and Not high
production prolong estimated time to
begin and complete
Poor adoption rate by participants Lack of good will from Negligible.
community members
Project risks Fig 8.0
15.0.2 Project issues
Project Issues
Issue Details Impact
Limited floral resources In times of extreme Migration of bees from hives to
drought, there might occur better environments. This will
situations of limited flora in essence impact honey
which will affect bee production and expected
activity. incomes.
Parasites. Low hanging hives may be Bee colonies may be
prone to attack by decimated.
parasites.
Low density of floral and flower cover Flowers entice bees with Low density of flowers mean
their nectar to enable them low pollination and no honey as
transport their pollen. bees will have no food.
Project issues Fig 9.0

A harvested honey comb fig 10

16.0 PROJECT IMPLICATIONS

The necessity of this project goes beyond putting food on the table; it is an intervention that cuts across
the socio economic fabric of the Masai community. Climate change has depleted livestock numbers and
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the trend is not subsiding soon if efforts to reverse this by taking concrete measures are not put in place.
Protecting the environment by encouraging regeneration, bees need diverse flora and fauna to flourish,
while discouraging tree cutting by providing a sustainable livelihood alternative will go a long way in
establishing natural forest cover and in some little way protecting our environment.

17.0 SUCCESS CRITERIA

Every Project Manager wants the project be a success. But what is it that defines success? Is
it that the project is delivered on time and budget, or that the project deliverables are
produced to the level of quality expected? Is it that the customer was kept informed
throughout the project and is happy with the result? Or is it simply that the business
problem has gone away or the opportunity has been realized as expected?

You need to think about the success criteria carefully and then specify them here.
We suggest listing five key success criteria, against which the project will be
measured.

To be seen to have realized success, the project measure of success will be based on th following
1. Honey to sell.
Without honey to sell, the community might feel tired of continuing with the project and abandon it,
thereby encouraging what the project set out to eradicate.
2. The ability to maintain enough strong colonies so that the bees are able to protect all the drawn
combs in an operation from wax moths and small hive beetles.
3. The start of forest covers regeneration due to reduced dependence on charcoal for sale to put food
on the table.

Authorization
Project Sponsor Customer

Hon Sopiato Leah Sankaire Loodariak Women Groups

Name: Name:

Position: Position:

Date: / / Date: / /

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1.0 Appendix

1.0.1 Training schedule and content.

Major topics Sub-topics
Bee biology The colony
Workers drones and the queens
Duties of the queen, workers and drones

Bee keeping technology and equipment Types of bee hives(brick hive, K.T.B, local woven,
langstroth)
Construction of different types of hive
Advantages and disadvantages of the above
different bee hives
Harvesting& processing equipment

Bee keeping rural development Factors considered in starting a bee-keeping

project.
Apiary site selection
Tree species that favors honey productions

Hiving of colonies Use of baiting method

Use of catches box
Use of clustered swarm
Transfer of wild colonies

Bee pathology Broad diseases affecting bees

Factors affecting honey production in Kajiado County Bee predators/natural enemies/pests

Natural climatic conditions
Human activities
Poor management of colonies

Common practices in apiary management Controlling swarming to your advantages

Hive inspection
Brooding
Formation of a nucleus
Feeding, watering & record keeping

Bee keeping economy Government stand

National apicultural policy
Structure of bee keeping industry in Kenya
Market potential
Products from the industry.
Training schedule fig 11.0

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