WELDED CONNECTIONS -

PROBLEMS
Mr. P. JAGADESH., M.E., M.B.A., (Ph.D)
• Design a connection to join two plates of size 250 mm x 12
mm of grade Fe410. The tensile strength using the shop fillet
weld if the lap joint is used

Problem - 1
• IS 800: Pg.78, Table 21
Minimum size of fillet weld = 5 mm
• IS 800: Pg.79, Cl. 10.5.8.1
Maximum size of fillet weld = 12 mm – 1.5 mm
= 10.5 mm
Choose the size of fillet weld between maximum and minimum
s or t = 8 mm
Effective throat thickness, tt = 0.7 x t
= 0.7 x 8
= 5.6 mm
IS 800: Pg.32, Cl. 6.2
Plate strength or design strength = ( fy x Ag ) / γmo
= ( 250 x (250x12) ) / 1.1
= 681.818 kN
Strength of weld =

Solution
Strength of weld = [ Lw x tt x (fu / √3)] / γm0
681818 = Lw x 5.6 x (410 / √3)] / 1.25
681818 = Lw x 1060.478
Lw = 642.94 mm
Effective length of fillet weld = 642.94 mm

Solution
• In a truss girder of a bridge, a tie shown in figure is connected
to the gusset plate by fillet weld. Determine the strength of
the weld. The size of weld in fillet weld is 6 mm

Problem - 2
Size of weld = 6 mm
Effective throat thickness, tt = 0.7 x t
= 0.7 x 6
= 4.2 mm
Effective length of fillet weld Lw = 200 + 200 + 200 (From Fig.)
= 600 mm
Strength of weld = [ Lw x tt x (fu / √3)] / γm0
= [600 x 4.2 x (410 / √3)] / 1.25
= 477.214 kN

Solution
• A tie member consisting of an ISA 80 mm x 50 mm x 8mm
[Fe410 grade of steel] is welded to a 12 mm thick gusset plate
at site. Design welds to transmit load equal to the design
strength of the member

Problem - 3
• For Fe 410 grade of steel
• fu = 410 MPa
• fy = 250 MPa
• Partial safety factor against yielding γm0 = 1.10
• Site welding, Partial Safety factor for material, γmw = 1.50
• From SP.6 ISA 80 mm x 50 mm x 8 mm Properties
Ag = 978 mm2, Czz = 27.3 mm
IS 800: Pg.32, Cl. 6.2
Plate strength or design strength = ( fy x Ag ) / γmo
= ( 250 x 978 ) / 1.10
= 222.272 kN
Therefore, the weld will be designed to transmit a force equal to 222.272
kN. The force to be resisted by the weld at lower side of the angle

Solution
 P1 = (222.272 x (80 -27.3))/80
= 146.42 kN
P2 = [222.272 x 27.3] / 80
= 75.849 kN
• IS 800: Pg.78, Table 21
Minimum size of fillet weld = 5 mm

Solution
• IS 800: Pg.78, Table 21
Minimum size of fillet weld = 5 mm
• IS 800: Pg.79, Cl. 10.5.8.1
Maximum size of fillet weld = 12 mm – 1.5 mm
= 10.5 mm
Choose the size of fillet weld between maximum and minimum
s or t = 8 mm
Effective throat thickness, tt = 0.7 x t
= 0.7 x 8
= 5.6 mm
Strength of weld = [ Lw x tt x (fu / √3)] / γmw
P1 = [ Lw x 5.6 x (4.10 / √3)] /1.50
146420 = Lw x 883.731
Lw = 166 mm

Solution
Strength of weld = [ Lw x tt x (fu / √3)] / γmw
P2 = [ Lw x 5.6 x (4.10 / √3)] /1.50
75849 = Lw x 883.731
Lw = 86 mm

Solution
• An ISLC 300 Fe410 grade of steel is to carry a factored tensile
force of 900 kN. The channel section is to be welded at the
site to a gusset plate 12 mm thick. Design a fillet weld, if the
overlap is limited to 350 mm

Problem - 4
• ISA 100 x 100 x 10 mm angle is to be welded in shop of 12 mm
gusset plate. The angles carries an ultimate pull of 300 kN
applied along its centroidal axis which is 28.4 mm from the
back of angle
i. Determine the length of the side fillet weld required at heel
and toe of the angle
ii. Determine the length of the side fillet weld the transverse
fillet weld is added at end of the angle

Problem - 5
• For Fe 410 grade of steel
• fu = 410 MPa
• fy = 250 MPa
• Partial safety factor against yielding γm0 = 1.10
• Shop welding, Partial Safety factor for material, γmw = 1.25
• IS 800: Pg.78, Table 21
Minimum size of fillet weld = 5 mm
• IS 800: Pg.79, Cl. 10.5.8.2
Maximum size of fillet weld = (3/4) x t of angle
= 0.75 x 10
= 7.5 mm
Size of fillet weld s or t = 6 mm
Effective throat thickness, tt = 0.7 x t
= 0.7 x 6
= 4.2 mm

Solution
P1 + P2 = P = Factored Load
P = 1.5 x 300 kN
= 450 kN

Solution
Take moment to P1
P2 x 100 = 450 x 28.4
P2 = 127.8 kN
P1 + P2 = 450 kN
P1 = 322.2 kN
Strength of weld, P1 = [ L1 x tt x (fu / √3)] / γmw
322200 = [ L1 x 4.2 x (410 / √3)] / 1.25
L1 = 405.1 mm
= 410 mm (Say)
Strength of weld, P2 = [ L2 x tt x (fu / √3)] / γmw
127800 = [ L2 x 4.2 x (410 / √3)] / 1.25
L2 = 160.68 mm
= 165 mm (Say)

Solution
Strength of weld per unit length = [ tt x fu ] / 3 x γmw
= [4.2 x 410] / [1.732 x 1.25]
= 714. 4 kN/mm

To provide 6mm weld the effective length 410 mm at heel and 165 mm at
toe as shown in figure

Solution
ii.
P1 + P2 + P3 = P = Factored Load
Take moment at P1

Solution
Strength of weld per unit length = [ tt x fu ] / 3 x γmw
= [4.2 x 410] / [1.732 x 1.25]
= 714. 4 N/m
Assume the length of weld on side is twice the distance of centroidal distance on
either side of axis
Therefore, L3 = 2 x 28.4
= 56.8 mm
P3 = 714.4 x 56.8
= 40.578 kN
We Know,
P1 + P2 + P3 = P
P1 + P2 = P - P3
P1 + P2 = 259.422 kN

Solution
Take moment at P1
(P2 x 100 ) = 259422 x 28.4
P2 = 73.675 kN
Therefore,
P1 = 259.422 kN - P2
P1 = 185.747 kN

The length of weld L1 = P1 / Strength of weld per unit length

L1 = 260 mm

The length of weld L2 = P2 / Strength of weld per unit length

L2 = 104 mm

Solution
• A bracket plate is used to transfer the reaction of a beam to a
column flange as shown in figure. The bracket plate is
connected to the column flange by a 6 mm fillet weld.
Compute the maximum load that can be placed over the
bracket plates at a distance of 75 mm from the flange of the
column section

Problem - 6
• For Fe 410 grade of steel
• fu = 410 MPa
• fy = 250 MPa
• Partial safety factor against yielding γm0 = 1.10
• Site welding, Partial Safety factor for material, γmw = 1.50
Size of fillet weld s or t = 6 mm
Effective throat thickness, tt = 0.7 x t
= 0.7 x 6
= 4.2 mm
X1 = the distance of the centroid of the weld group from the left edge of the
bracket plate
X1 = [(2 x 200 x 4.2) x 100 + ( 200 x 4.2) x 0] / [{2 x 200 x 4.2} + {200 x 4.2}]
= 66.67 mm

Solution
Polar moment of inertia of weld group
Ix = [4.2 x 2003]/12 + {2x{([200x4.23]/12) +(200x4.2x 1002)}}
= 2.8 x 106 + 16.8 x 106
= 19.6 x 106 mm4
Iy = [4.23 x 200]/12 + {2x{([2003 x 4.2]/12) +(200x4.2x (100-
66.67)2)}} + (200 x 4.2 x 66.672)
= 1234.8 + 7.585 x 106 + 3.733 x 106
= 11.319 x 106 mm4
Ip = Ix + Iy
= (19.6 + 11.319) x 106 mm4
= 30.919 x 106 mm4
r = distance of extreme point of weld from CG of weld group
= √[1002 + (200 – 66.67)2]
= 166.664 mm

Solution
P1 - Factored Load
Direct shear stress, q1 = P1 / ( 200 + 200 + 200 ) x 4.2
= 0.0003968 P1 N/mm2
Shear stress due to twisting moment
q2 = [P1 x (weld length one side – X1 + 75)/ Ip] x r
q2 = [P1 x (200 – 66.67 + 75)/ 30919000] x 166.664
q2 = [P1 x (200 – 66.67 + 75)/ 30919000] x 166.664
= 0.001123 P1 N/mm2

Solution
 CosӨ = [(200 – 66.67) / 166.664 ]
= 0.80

Resultant shear Stress,

qR2 = q12 + q22 + 2 x q1 x q2 x CosӨ
= (0.0003968 P1)2 + (0.001123 P1)2 + 2 x 0.0003968 P1 x
0.001123 P1 x 0.80
= 2.132 x 10-6 P1
qR = 1.46 x 10-3 P1

The resultant shear stress qR should be less than are equal to [ fu/ {√3 x γmw}]
1.46 x 10-3 P1 = [ 410 / {1.732 x 1.5} ]
P1 = 108.092 kN

Solution
 Service Load, P = P1 / Factor of safety
= 108.092/ 1.5
P = 72.061 kN
Total load supported by bracket = 2 x 72.061
= 144.122 kN

Solution
• A bracket plate is welded to the flange of a column section
ISHB 300 as shown in figure. Calculate the size of the weld
required to support a factored load of 110 kN. Assume shop
welding

Problem - 7
• For Fe 410 grade of steel
• fu = 410 MPa
• fy = 250 MPa
• Partial safety factor against yielding γm0 = 1.10
• Shop welding, Partial Safety factor for material, γmw = 1.25
Effective throat thickness, tt = 0.7 x t
Thickness of weld = t

X1 = the distance of the centroid of the weld group from the left edge of the
bracket plate
X1 = [(2 x 200 x t) x 100 + ( 260 x t ) x 0] / [{2 x 200 x t} + {260 x t }]
= [40000 t ] / [ 660 t ]
= 60.606 mm

Solution
Hence, eccentricity of the load,
= ( 200 – 60.606 ) + 80
= 219.394 mm
Polar moment of inertia,
Ix = 2 x [ {( 200 x tt3 ) /12} + { 200 x tt } x 1302 ] + {( 2603 x tt )
/12 }
= 2 x [(16.667 x tt3) + {3380000 x tt} + (1464666.667 x tt)]

= 2 x [ ( 16.667 x tt3 ) + { 4844666.667 x tt } ] mm4

tt3 value is too small when compared to tt, therefore
= 9.689 tt x 106 mm4

Iy = 2 x [{(2003 x tt)/12} + {200 x tt} x (100 – 60.606)2] + {(

260 x tt3)/12 } + (260 x tt x 60.6062)]

Solution
 Iy = 2 x [{(2003 x tt)/12} + {200 x tt} x (100 – 60.606)2] + {(
260 x tt3)/12 } + (260 x tt x 60.6062)]
= 2x[(666666.667xtt3)+{310377.447xtt}+(21.667xtt3) +
(955002.681xtt )]
= 2x[(666688.334 x tt3) + (1265380.128xtt)] mm4
Once tt3 value is neglected in Ix, it is also neglected in Iy
= 2.531 tt x 106 mm4
Ip = Ix + Iy
= 9.689 tt x 106 + 2.531 tt x 106
= 12. 22 tt x 106 mm4
rn2 = 1302 + (200 – 60.606)2
rn = 190.606 mm
CosӨ = [(200 – 60.606) / 190.606]
= 0.731

Solution
Direct shear stress,
q1 = 110000 / [ { ( 2 x 200 ) + 260 } tt]
= {166.667 / tt} N/mm2
Shear stress due to twisting moment,
q2 = {[ 110000 x 219.394 ] / [12. 22 tt x 106]} x 190.606
= {376.429 / tt} N/mm2
Combined stress,
= q12 + q22 + 2 x q1 x q2 x CosӨ
= 543.096 / tt N/mm2

IS 800: Pg.79, Cl. 10.5.7.1.1

Solution
 543.096 / tt = fu / (1.732 x γmw)
543.096 / tt = 410 / (1.732 x 1.25)
tt = 2.869 mm
Effective throat thickness,
t = 2.869 / 0.7
t = 4.097 mm
Provide a 5mm weld for making connection

Solution
• A bracket plate is welded to the flange of a column section
ISHB 200 as shown in figure. Calculate the size of the weld
required to support a factored load of 100 kN. Assume site
welding and find the stress in combine axial and shear

Problem - 8