M13/4/BIOLO/SPM/ENG/TZ2/XX

22136016

Biology
Standard level
Paper 1

Monday 13 May 2013 (afternoon)

45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

• Answer all the questions.
• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [30 marks].

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© International Baccalaureate Organization 2013
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1. The graph shows the effect of temperature on hatching of brine shrimp eggs (Artemia sp.).

50
40
30
Hatching / %
20
10
0
10 15 20 25 30
Temperature / °C
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2013

What do the error bars indicate?

A. Measurements made at 10 °C have the greatest variability.

B. Greatest range for hatching is at 20 °C.

C. Measurements at each temperature are very similar to each other.

D. Standard deviation is greatest for the values measured at 15 °C.

2. What are stem cells?

A. Specialized cells that can be used therapeutically

B. Surplus cells taken from an embryo

C. Cells that retain their ability to divide and differentiate

D. Cells in the xylem and phloem tissues that support a plant

3. What causes cells to differentiate?

A. Sufficient nutrition

B. Full expression of all genes

C. Specialized functions at different stages of embryo development

D. Expression of some genes with suppression of other genes

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4. Which structure is found in E. coli, but not in a eukaryotic cell?

A. Cell wall

B. Endoplasmic reticulum

C. Cytoplasm

D. Pili

5. What actions occur during interphase?

A. DNA replication and RNA synthesis

B. Spindle formation and DNA replication

C. Chromosome alignment at the metaphase plate

D. Growth and separation of sister chromatids

6. Which process contributes to growth of a multicellular body?

A. Exocytosis

B. Meiosis

C. Mitosis

D. Osmosis

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7. What are the parts of the cell membrane indicated in the diagram?


1



4
3

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2013

1 2 3 4
A. phospholipid glycoprotein integral protein hydrophobic layer

B. hydrophilic layer carbohydrate cholesterol phospholipid

C. phospholipid peripheral protein glycoprotein cholesterol

D. hydrophobic layer carbohydrate integral protein phospholipid

8. What property makes water an important coolant in the natural world?

A. It is cohesive.

B. It requires much energy to evaporate.

C. It has a lower temperature than blood.

D. It has a low specific heat.

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9. Which molecules show a monosaccharide and a fatty acid?

Molecule 1 Molecule 2 Molecule 3

HO H CH2OH
NH2
HO P O H2N C COOH C O
C H H
N
O C N H C OH H
H C C C
OH H
H2C N CH3 HO
O C C OH
N H C C
H H
H H OH
H

OH H

Molecule 4
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O

H C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C OH

H H H H H H H H H H H H H

Molecule 5 Molecule 6
CH2OH O CH2OH H H O

C C N C C OH

H H HO OH H H C OH
C C H C H
OH H H

Monosaccharide Fatty acid

A. 1, 3 and 5 only 2, 4 and 6 only

B. 1 only 2 and 6 only

C. 3 only 2 and 6 only

D. 3 and 5 only 4 only

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10. What contributes to the structure of an enzyme?

A. Sequence of bases linked by hydrogen bonds

B. Sequence of substrates linked by condensation reactions

C. Sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

D. Sequence of polypeptides linked by hydrolysis reactions

11. For what purpose is the enzyme lactase useful?

A. Production of lactose-free milk so that more people can consume dairy products

B. As a dietary supplement to aid in protein digestion of milk

C. For use in coagulating milk protein to make cheese

D. To improve protein consumption in developing countries that lack milk

12. How does chlorophyll respond to the red, green and blue wavelengths in white light?

Red Green Blue

A. reflects reflects absorbs

B. absorbs reflects reflects

C. reflects absorbs reflects

D. absorbs reflects absorbs

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13. One type of gene mutation involves a base substitution.

Original DNA sequence: GAC TGA GGA CTT CTC TTC AGA

mutated sequence 1: GAC TGA GGA CAT CTC TTC AGA

mutated sequence 2: GAC TGA GGA CTC CTC TTC AGA

mRNA codons for valine GUU GUC GUA GUG

mRNA codons for glutamic acid GAA GAG

What are the consequences of the base substitutions in the two new sequences of DNA?

A. Both are mutations that would result in different polypeptides.

B. Sequence 2 would result in a changed polypeptide but sequence 1 would not.

C. All three DNA sequences would translate into the same polypeptide.

D. Only the original DNA and sequence 2 would translate into the same polypeptide.

14. Which genetic condition can be diagnosed by karyotyping?

A. Trisomy 21

B. Sickle-cell anemia

C. Hemophilia

D. Colour blindness

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15. The image shows a human karyotype.

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Y
21 22 X
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2013

According to the image, what conditions can be determined?

A. Non-disjunction has occurred and the individual is male.

B. Non-disjunction has occurred and the individual is female.

C. The individual is female and has Down syndrome.

D. The individual is male and has Down syndrome.

16. The diagram shows a pedigree.

Key:
Unaffected male
Affected male
Unaffected female
Affected female

According to the pedigree shown, which pattern of inheritance is indicated?

A. Sex-linked recessive trait

B. Autosomal recessive trait

C. Autosomal dominant trait

D. Codominant alleles

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17. The diagram shows results of electrophoresis of DNA from a crime scene.

Crime scene Suspect Victim







































sample 1 sample 2 1 2 3 4

Which suspect could be implicated as the criminal, according to the gel of DNA shown?

A. Suspect 1

B. Suspect 2

C. Suspect 3

D. Suspect 4

18. What term can be used to describe clams that eat decaying plant matter?

A. Detritivores

B. Tertiary consumers

C. Saprotrophs

D. Decomposers

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19. At each trophic level energy is lost. How is this energy regained by the ecosystem?

A. Heat

B. Nutrients

C. Photosynthesis

D. Recycling

20. The diagram is a representation of a carbon cycle. Which arrow will reduce the greenhouse effect?

Atmosphere
A.
B.

Plants Animal

C.
D.
Decomposers Cars, factories

21. What would you expect to find in the fossil record if evolution had not occurred?

A. Fossils of simple organisms only in the oldest layers

B. Only fossils of extinct forms

C. Fossils of complex organisms only in the oldest layers

D. Same fossil forms in all layers

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22. The image shows a drawing of an organism.

To which phylum of plants does this organism belong?

A. Bryophyta

B. Filicinophyta

C. Coniferophyta

D. Angiospermophyta

23. To which phylum do organisms with exoskeleton, jointed appendages and segmented bodies belong?

A. Mollusca

B. Porifera

C. Arthropoda

D. Annelida

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24. What causes the rate of heart contraction to increase or decrease?

A. The heart muscle itself

B. Nerve impulses from the brain

C. A hormone from the thyroid gland

D. The rate of return of blood to the left atrium

25. Why do nutrient molecules enter the blood?

A. Blood carries nutrients to cells.

B. Blood converts nutrients into energy.

C. Nutrients and oxygen are mixed by blood.

D. Nutrients are stored in blood.

26. Why does shivering occur?

A. The body cannot control muscles when they become cold.

B. Shivering informs the brain that the body is too cold.

C. Shivering generates heat and raises body temperature.

D. The body diverts blood away from skin reducing heat loss.

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27. What initiates an action potential along a neuron?

A. Potassium and sodium ions diffuse out of a neuron.

B. Potassium and sodium ions diffuse into a neuron.

C. Neurotransmitters cause depolarization of membrane.

D. Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine.

28. The diagram shows a feedback pathway.

Stimulus Causes

I II III

Stops

Which sequence is an example of the pathway?

I II III
A. high blood sugar alpha cells secretion of insulin

B. low blood sugar alpha cells secretion of glucagon

C. high blood sugar beta cells secretion of glucagon

D. low blood sugar beta cells secretion of insulin

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29. What structures are indicated on the diagram?

III

IV
I

II

I II III IV
A. penis urethra seminal vesicles sperm duct

B. erectile tissue ureter prostate sperm duct

C. penis sperm duct prostate seminal vesicles

D. penis urethra sperm duct seminal vesicles

30. LH causes the rupture of a follicle and release of an egg cell. What is this process called?

A. Conception

B. Fertilization

C. Menstruation

D. Ovulation

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