2022

NSTP Modules

Module 1 – COMMUNITY
ORGANIZING, SOCIAL
MOBILIZATION AND COMMUNITY
EXPOSURE
Introduction:
Modern societies and cultures continue to become more fluid and dynamic. Factors
contributing to this include the communications revolution, enhancement of information
technology and ever- increasing specialization and division of labor. The net effect is that
individuals are now required to work with many different groups of people in their professional
as well personal lives. Joining a new group and immediately being expected to get along with
them is somewhat unnatural. People have had to develop methods to help people adapt to the
new requirements. Thus, people need to be trained to work side by side which is other as a
team and be organized to become cohesive and productive. By building people as a team and
organizing them into a cohesive work force the paramount problem of ineffectiveness and
inefficiency is avoided by making people work with a common vision, mission and goal.

Objectives:
At the end of the module, the student will be able to:
1. Students will relate on community issues.
2. Students will develop skills on community building and organizing
3. Students will appreciate their role in social mobilization
Topic Outline:
The following concepts will be discussed in this module:
1. Issues and Concerns in the Community
2. Community Organizing
3. Social Mobilization and exposure

Task 1: Brainstorming!!
Direction: Have a class conversation about issues and problems currently faces in their
community. Think and analyze through answering the following questions.
1. What are the issues and concerns in your community?
2. How the community address these issues and concerns?
3. As a youth and a member of the community, what initiatives or action can you do to
address the issues/concerns of the community?

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ISSUES AND CONCERN IN COMMUNITY

Social Problems in the Community

 Poverty - is an outcome of longstanding conflicts between haves and have- nots. It has an
effect of limiting opportunities and justifying social inequality. Thus, poverty is
perpetuated through class discrimination and unequal opportunities for upward mobility.
Hence, it is often strongly correlated with social problems such as crimes, diseases,
squatting, unemployment, homelessness, terrorism, malnutrition and illiteracy.
 Population Explosion - the increase in world population has been caused by the
following major reasons:
1. Increase birth rates
2. Decrease death rates
3. Migration

Effects of Population Explosion

1. Unemployment
2. Poverty
3. Malnutrition
4. Air and water pollution
5. Lack of Education Resources
6. Domestic Violence
7. Juvenile delinquency
8. Shortage of basic needs
9. Increase death rates
 Child abuse - refers to the maltreatment of a child, whether habitual or not which
includes any of the following:
a. Psychological and physical abuse, sexual abuse, cruelty, neglect and
emotional maltreatment.
b. An act which could either be by words or deeds which debases, degrades or
demeans the intrinsic worth and dignity of a child as a person.
c. Deprivation of a child’s basic needs unreasonably for survival such as food,
clothes and shelter; and
d. No medical treatment is given to an injured child which results in a serious
impairment of his/her growth and development or in his/her permanent
incapacity or death.
 Drug Abuse- harmful effect of drug abuse such as physical, psychological, economic, and
spiritual/moral.
 Pollution -something that is added to the ecosystem which has a detrimental effect. The
high rate of energy usage by a modern growing population is one of the causes of
pollution.
 Unemployment

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 Graft and Corruption – act of acquiring money, position or other
profit by dishonest and illegal means, as by theft or taking advantage of a public office or
a position of trust or
employment to obtain fees, prerequisites, profit contracts or pay for work not done or service
not rendered or performed.

Community Organizing

Community Organizing is a social development approach that aims to transform the

apathetic, passive, individualistic and voiceless, the underprivileged, less fortunate and
marginalized poor to become dynamic, active, participatory and politically responsive
community.

1. Conditions to consider in community organization

a. Recognize and deal with the problem accordingly
b. Provide the community self- determination
c. Engage and involve the community in the solution of the problem actively.
d. Make at peace that is deemed comfortable for the community.
e. Encourage growth through problem solving.
f. Encourage community self- integration and understanding.

Goals of Community Organizing

1. People’s Empowerment- It aims to overcome powerlessness, passiveness and develop
people’s capacity to initiate and develop themselves, realize their plans, attain their
goals in life, assert their rights and stand with dignity.
2. Building Permanent Structures and Peoples Organization. It aims to establish and
sustain aspirations of people to ensure to maximize their involvement and participation
and provide a venue for them to work with other groups and sector.
3. Improve quality of life – through mobilization of resources, people’s need are
addressed. There could be better programs and projects which are responsive to the
challenges of the time geared towards a better quality of life. All these aim to have a
more equitable distribution of power, wealth and income, thus improving the lot of the
poor.

The Main Roles and Functions of a Community Organizer

1. Catalyst or Agent of Change- initiate debates and actions regarding critical

problems; monitors and nature growth of individuals and group of facilitate long-
term structural transformation for the people welfare.
2. Facilitator- help enhance individual and group strength and helps minimize
weakness and conflicts; heightens group unity; assists individuals ang groups
responds to the common interest.
3. Advocate- helps analyze and articulate critical issues; assist others to understand
and reflects on this issue and evokes and provokes meaningful discussions and
actions.

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4. Planner- conduct initial analysis of area resources and potentials; assist local group
in planning for their common good, including appropriate strategies and alternative
actions to attain desired goals.
5. Researchers- conduct social analysis; engage in participatory research wherein
people become co- investigators, simplifies/ enriches appropriate research concepts
and skills in order to make this functional for the poor interest; engages in social
integration to understand social phenomena from the people’s viewpoint and
standpoint.

Steps in Community Building

Step 1: Systematic discussion and brainstorming on the common felt needs of the community
through the SWOT Method.

 Finding the strength of the member of the community

 Identifying the weakness of the member of the community
 Determining the opportunities beneficial to the community
 Eliminating the threats that hinder progress and development
Step 2: Establishing a sound vision, mission, goal and objectives

 Developing a workable and achievable vision and mission

 Establishing the goal and objectives that help and direct the people in the
achievement and realization of the vision and mission
 Establishing linkage and networking.

Step 3: Training and technical support

 Preparing core groups through training and workshop who will become the
prime movers and the planners of every project and activity.
 Creating committees that will facilitate smooth working relationship.
 Providing technical support that sets limitation and potent workforce.
Step 4: Creating community spirit, cooperation and oneness

 Developing the spirit and commitment and highlighting the importance of

cooperation and community spirit.
 Forming community into team through team building activities
 Imbibing the spirit of “ownership in every project and community endeavor to
develop in the members of the community a spirit of valuing and giving their best
in the relation and achievement of every project.

Step 5: Mobilizing the community into a single workforce whose main thrust is progress and
development.

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SOCIAL MOBILIZATION

Social Mobilization involves planned action and processes to reach, influence and
involves all relevant segments of society across all sectors from the national to the community
level, in order to create an enabling environment and effect positive behavior and social
change. Social mobilization enhances participation of rural poor in local governance.
Social mobilization is the cornerstone of participatory approaches in rural development
and poverty alleviation programs. It is powerful instrument in decentralization policies and
programs aimed at strengthening human and institutional resources development at local level.
Social mobilization strengthens participation of rural poor in local decision- making, improves
their access to social and production services and efficiency in the use of locally available
financial resources and enhances opportunities for asset- building by the poorest of the poor.
Objectives of Social Mobilization
 Bring governance nearer to the people
 Participation of people, especially weaker social sections in development process.
 Responsive, transparent governance accountable to people.
 Through above, achieve goals of poverty alleviation and equity.

Methodology of Social Mobilization

 Large- scale information dissemination

 Formation of self- help groups (SHG’s) of stakeholders in key sectors of the rural
economy to promote mass organization. Development funds routed through (SHG’s),
which are statutorily recognized.

Components or Elements of SOCMOB

1. Advocacy
Focused on various people with diverse talents and capabilities who could create the
positive environment for program or service delivery.
It is the deliberate and strategic use of information to influence decision- making; the
organization of information into arguments used to persuade people towards the positive
attitude and predisposition to action.

To advocate is:
 To plead for
 To defend
 To recommend or
 To support a person, policy or idea
 Represent the clients group interest

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a. Purpose of Advocacy
1.) To change a decision- makers perception of understanding of a problem or
issue;
2.) To influence the way they look at the factors to consider in making a
decision; and
3.) To change the decision- making behavior
b. Process of Advocacy work
1.) Application of SWOT analysis in the community
2.) Tapping different skills and specialization of people
3.) Task identification and tasking
4.) Planning and identifying advocacy messages, tools and techniques
5.) Enfleshment and advocacy to action
6.) Evaluation and program enhancement

c. Characteristics of a good advocate

1.) Skill
2.) Attitudes and behavior
3.) Personality

2. Information, Education and Communication

It is a set of accurate and consistent information on the program and service as a
timely response by those in direct contact with the communities.
3. Community Organizing
It refers to the information of community into an organized group who are able
to get a sense of what they can do themselves to improve their situation.
4. Capacity/Team Building
This is about organizing and forming community members empowering and
encouraging them to the work synergistically towards the attainment of the
desired goal.
5. Networking and Alliance
It is the building establishment of the alliance and linkages relevant to the achievement
of the program goals. It is the establishment of partnerships that can work directly in
the enhancement and achievement of the vision, mission, goals and objectives of the
community.

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Community Action Cycle for Community Mobilization

EXPLORE THE
PROBLEMS/ISSUES
AND SET PRIORITIES

PLAN
TOGETHER

ORGANIZE THE
COMMUNITY
FOR ACTION
PREPARE TO
START ACT
MOBILIZE
TOGETHER

PREPARE
EVALUATE
SCALE
TOGETHER

Prepare to mobilize
1. Select/identify issues and problems and define the community.
2. Put together a community mobilization;
3. Gather information about the issues/problems.
4. Identify resources and constraints
5. Develop a community mobilization plan
6. Organize you team

Organize the Community for Action

1. Orient the community
2. Build harmonious relationship
3. Invite community participation
4. Develop a “core group” from the community.

Explore the problems/issues and set priorities

1. Decide the objectives
2. Explore the problem/issues
3. Analyze the problem
4. Set priorities for action

Plan together
1. Decide the objectives of the planning preparation
2. Determine who will be involved in planning and their roles
3. Conduct and facilitate the planning session
4. Create community action plan

Act together
1. Define your team’s role in accompanying community action.
2. Strengthen community’s capacity to carry out the action plan.
3. Monitor community programs and

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4. Solve problems, trouble shoot, advise and mediate.

Evaluate Together
1. Conduct participatory evaluation
2. Provide feedback to the community
3. Document and share lessons learned and recommendation for future use
4. Prepare to recognize.

CONCLUSION
Social Mobilization is an approach that empowers the community to participate actively
in the development process through the leadership of NSTP students. It helps the community to
be well- informed, empowered/proactive and build a strong civil society that could become a
valuable partner of the government in shaping a national development that is equitable and
sustainable.

TASK 2: ESSAY
Direction: Answers each question comprehensively.
1. As a student of NSTP, how can you involve yourself in the total development process
through Social Mobilization? Explain.

2. How is Social Mobilization used as an approach in the teaching of NSTP? Explain.

3. How can you mobilize the disadvantages and unprivileged members of the society to
participate actively and effectively in the development process? Explain briefly.

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best and correct answer from the following choices.

1. A planned process enlisting the support and active involvement of all sectors in society
that can play a role in achieving agreed social objectives.
a. Community organizing
b. Community exposure
c. Empowerment
d. Social mobilization
2. Social Mobilization can only be sustained if the network of mobilizers and advocates are
continually expanded through.
a. Advocacy
b. Networking
c. Capability working
d. Planning
3. It aims to overcome powerlessness, passiveness and develop peoples capacity to initiate
and develop themselves, realize their plans attain their goals in life assert their rights
and stand with dignity.

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a. People empowerment
b. Community exposure
c. Community organizing
d. Social mobilization
4. Advocacy aims to change a decision- makers perception or understanding of a problem
or issue; influence the choice that are to be considered in making a decision and change
the decision-making behavior.
a. Advocacy
b. Community organizing
c. People empowerment
d. Social mobilization
5. The ability of community organizer to provide assistance to individuals and groups
respond to common interest speaks of his role as a;
a. Planner
b. Facilitator
c. Researcher
d. Advocate
6. As an agent of change, he/she assist local groups in planning.
a. Community organizer
b. Facilitator
c. Researcher
d. Advocate
7. To plead for, to defend to recommend or support a person, policy or idea.
a. Community organizing
b. Advocacy
c. Empowerment
d. All of the above
8. A CO who assists a local government group in planning their own common good shows
his/her role as;
a. Facilitator
b. Researcher
c. Advocate
d. Planner
9. A CO conducting social analysis is a display of his/her role as;
a. Facilitator
b. Researcher
c. Advocate
d. Planner
10. It strengthens people’s involvement and participation in community development.
a. Social Mobilization
b. Community organizing
c. People empowerment
d. All of the above.

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Fernandez, Susana L. et. al., (2015) National Service Training Program, A modular Worktext for
NSTP 2.
Dela Cruz, Sonia Gasilla et. al. (2015) National Development via National Service Training
Program (CWTS 2), Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.

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