Poly Sinu 1 ca Paso enemy nara 9-38! ge Ayes Be ap lal Sinusoidal Functions Lesson #1: Functions of Degrees Zero, One, and Two Overview This ont, we will deserbe the characteristics of polytiomial functions and sinusoidal Sumetions by analy zing their graphs ancl thei eguations We will also determine the polymornial function or sinusoidal fanetion that best approximates cata and solve problems ‘where u polynomial function or sinusoidal function can be used te model u situation, Inthe first Wal ofthe uait we will focus on polynomial functions and it the second half of the unit we will fous on sinusoidal functioas,. Pamir] (5,°)9 ©) © G AS consis of SH or cn are separated by ptaaneasions. ‘We have seady met polynomial functions in one vara in previous mathematics courses For example, the timetions j(3}=x7—4x—5. f= 2-4, and f(2)=3 are polynomial fimetions we ave sucied in earlier courses, ‘The gee of polynomial funetion isthe value of the highest exponent in the function. | polynomial fimetionincindos aterm with no variable, this term is called asonstant teem, 1) Complete he fon. + The degree of fs) = =e Ushis 2 The constant erm is ‘The conseane term + The degree of fx} =P —4 ane wit f= ede 9-34 the variable na polynomial is called seeficent is dhe number that milplies Uh tim Wi by) Complete the fllowing + The feading coefficient of so eras} st + The lealingeoeficient of fx) f20= As 2. Ina polynomial function, all the coefficients must be real aumbers, ‘and all the exponents must be whole numbers. + Since| ‘A sumer that mul tm ©) Write «polynomial furetion that satisfies the following eondisions + degree leading coetTicien faye ~3x2 + Sx - 100 ©dewwce 2 leaking coeliiewt 7.090 terms fe) = aaa degre | lowing coeficint f= it 3 degree faye 2x2 + 8 ‘©Aegree 3, constant term 8 faye Tx8 + 4x-% Copyright © by Absokce Valve Publications, This book is NOT covered by the Cancony agreementCopyrgnt © ey Ansakite Vale Pubiestions. This Dookie NOT covered by tho Cancopy agreement, 3X2 Polym ar Sina rol Patios af Degrees, and 2 Ine next duce lessons, we will vestigate the charseteistis of polynomial functions fof degrees) 1. 2,and 8 Investigating Polynomial Functions of Degree Zero 1, The graph of the function ‘a) State che domain and range of fla) = 3 : eIKER. Rg 23 fy aA, oe see) od) Tas caesar | FGd21 ad £62 -4 yaa t (Ze) Sts an beech of fants in | Bonthe gd vet is shown, V/a) Deserve te general shape of each graph Horizontal (ine 2) State the number of intercepts of euch graph, | ve of your wraphs have 1 inereept? Lf so, state the funetion. Let, can you 2 polynomial functor of degree ero tht daes have s-intercepis? £8) Desorihe the relationship between the equation of each fesion ‘and the mange othe function, “The faage iS the 4fagh Cquakan. 2. Generalize the ubove work to complete the following statements bout all polynomial functions of degree zero in the farm fix) ~ a) The graph isa__hocionta __ fine with a slope o_O 1b) Thedomain is __xX€(R ©) Thorangeis wher te. Qagh 15 / Ye ine hak the. gn ache 4d) Thee are _no_xintercepts, except for the function tx) = _O. ©) Thee is_|_ intercept 3. a) Does the value ofa polynomial function of degree zero depend on the value of? NO, 1h) Since she values ofa polynomial fuetion of dees 20 remain constant fr all values ofthis typeof funetion i calleda_Cpasstan-t; function Copytight © by Absokite Valve Publications. This book is NOT coveres by the Cancopy agreementPalymomil and Simo Functhng Lawn #1: Polymamtal Funes of Besres 0. fund? 333 2 Investigating Polynomial Functions of Degree One? Xo juss % 1. The erapias of four potynomiat Functions rd fof degree one ure shown, 1a} The graphs shown have many characteristics in common. Make a list ‘of the common characteristics inthe Oa) space below VY Diagonal Uses, steighe Wane OIL omss X-Ons oF4) VY RIL toss Y “Ors ‘ we eT 809 ger 1b) How: does the constant term in the polynomial function relate to ene ofthe charseterstis othe Breph? eet att The Content 42m (© *S) is the Y= inkecep: ent ©) How can you tel fo he equiion of the polyoma uncon whether he Tine increases fom quadrant 3 to quadrant Lor decreases [rem quidrint 2 fo guaran &? Gi Ceci ©) Goekoes —, 44) The polynomial functions (x) an (a) are represented graphically by parallel lines. i) Hoss ean we tel from the equations ofthe Funetions ta this is he case? Bioyphing is the sme Orcage the tential tom —4 moms tab is is Shifled 4 ii) In general, what festsy of te wah is presented bythe eainy eos sqacee down, ‘of 8 polynomial function of degree one? ‘slope, 2. Generalize the ubove work to vomplete the following stalements shout all polynomial functions of degree one inthe for 1) The shapeot te rapt dpa, Une. wih spe of Wy Thedommin's_ WEAR.) Therangeis_ay € FR 4) theres { simercept and A intercel, €) The yinercptis_Contore f) The direction of the lin is doterminc hy the valuc ofthe lening coefficient a\ LA i) thine leading coefficient is Ge) the line slopes up from quadrant 3 to quadeant | Ji) Ifthe leading coefficient is__C2)__ the line slopes dawn from quadrant 2 toquaceantl. a £2) Sinos ihe graph of a polynomial function of degroe one is straight Zine. this typo of function iscalled Linear function CCopwront © by Absolute Vawe Pupteatons. Thi book 18 NOT coveraé by the Cancopy asresimentPolyawaial Famstons of Degrees 0,1 aud? 334 Polynomial une Snail Functions Las Investigating Polynomial Functions of Degree Two Polynomial functions of dearee two are called quadratic functions and were studied in a previous mathemuties cours. 4. The graphs of four polynomial funetions of degree wo are shown, Kx} = 052" +10 fee —d2-5 (ee ke -3) eRe B x2) Hx)= the ones which are the same For all the a) From thelist of characteristics below, raph once etch 1b) How does the y-intercopt of cach graph relate ro the equation ofthe quadratic function? Cy pgm Yo Bate 18x Se yar CCopwront ® by Absotte Vawe Pupteatons. Thi book 18 NOT covered oy the Cancopy agreementPalyromil and Sinsoidal Functhng Lawn #1: Polymamial Fanci of Deares 0, J.and2 335 ©) The graphs are all parabolas opening up or down, ‘They all have one turning point which is either masimum oF minimum. How ean you tell from dhe equation of the polynomial function whether the Drabola opens up or upens dow? Ge Bee 7 | Y Bxes 1-99 41) How ean fou tell from the equation ofthe polyngmil function whether the turing poe is a maxinium Ora einiesum? {\~ boss ‘can be viiten in the form y = number} ory = nuraber. you tell from the equation of the polynemial fetion which form is RS4l 4s max} Rhy )g > ray 2. The raps onthe previous page sho hat polynomial Anetions of degree wo can have 0. 1or 2 sintereepts, The rinterceps are the same ws the ers of the function, “Three of the functions om the previous page can be written in factored Form as shows below ‘Complete te following 1a} The graph of bb) The grap of (3) als\ und #5. ©) The graph of fis) = 208 + Be 8 = 240-2) has 2 Core Consider the functions PCRAE=AIIEFG) snd OCs) 280610 = De + TUK 5) has 2 eimtereeprs, a) State the zeus of each faetion. sat tercapt at 22 inca p:1,-6 Q-3 1b) Conyplete the rable below with the characteristics ofthe graph af esch function Dirvetion of | Number of | Valuets) of | Value of Opening | cents fein] yimeee | rea}ug KP] 2 4,-¢ | -42 ere ce ; x nga -6 > | -4 foc) oun ae i EN 4 Ged aa e Conran oy Abate Va Pueaions, The Deck 8 MOT coed byte Caco eget. 2 oy —Gt3) > moe Re Bx BaF ey 336 Polynomial und Simsuidal Functions Lesson #13 Ply Functions of Degres 0,3 aad? ‘End Behaviour of the Graph of a Polynomial Function396 Polynomial al Simidal Funitns Lest #1: Polymial Functions of Dees J and? End Behaviour of the Graph of a Polynomial Function ‘Tho end behaviour of the grph of w polynomial funetion deseribes the appeutunce of the graph atthe left and at ehe Fight ta, L2. athe graph extends Further an further to the let an Further and fuer to the righ Degree Zero For the graph ofa polynemialFunation of degree 0 (ie constant facon) the Fgwe A end behaviour at each tail is to remain at its constant value, as seen in Figure A, a Tromletio center quant 29 quant [er from“ gedast renee ne B~ aime negee Ove {4 Poet a er tne gaps PAGTEATAT TIA fect (alica aeton) teem Behaviours dolermined hy th leading coeTicient. plete the following, inserting the word “up or “down’ in cach blank space. Tipu 1,2, 4, 5, 7, 8,4. = fateins otic ote in gue Bhs il oF de rap goes aa et ilo the Bap se T tte Kong evefTiciomt is negative, as in Figure Lil of the Higwrs Degree Two fe yciat For the praph ota polynomial Taneton of ive 2 (ie. « gira function the behaviour is also determined by the leading Coefficient, OF we ‘Complete the following, inserting the wore “up” or “down” in each blank pave. + Ifthe kuding eooficint is positive, as in Figure D, ten the Fight tll of Fgute B ys the graph goes And the let tail ofthe praph oes + Tihe leading eveTicient is negative, as in Figure F, then the right til of gure the graph goes tnd the left il ofthe graph goes % [rascme | Complete the table using the word “up” or “downto deseribe the end behaviour of the pl of ach fnton sn ie wor yasimusmtinam sore to deste the ai rhe ump of cep rn Leia | RitvTal] QS fi- eed - gels 7 fix) Kny=6 Comples Assignment Questoms A= 79 Copwight ® by Absolute Vatwe Publications, This book fe NOT covered by the Cancopy agreementPolynomial and Sinusoidal Functions Lesson #1: Polynomial Functions of Degrees O,1and 2 337 Assignment @ Woie a potynomia fenton x) ot a) depoe zero 1) degree one ©) degree vo @® Write polynomial function f(x) that satisfies the following conditions a) degree 2, leading coeicent 5 b) degree 0, nercepe 5 ©) degree 1, constant term 3 3. a) From the list of characteristics below, circle the ones that are the same for the graphs of all polynomial functions of degree one. + Domain Range * Number of tercepts + Number of y-intercepts 1b) From thelist of characteristics below, crcl the ones that are the same for the graphs of all polynomial functions of degree two. + Domain + Range + Number of. imercepts + Number of intercepts @ » Compete the table below with the charters of he raph of ach unto, Direction of | Number of | Value(s)of | Value of Opening | x-intercepts | -intecept(s)| y-intercept Poy= (x= Der Qe) =e 4? Ra) = 22-0) D) State the ze0s of PL), O(s), and Ri). Copyright © by Absolute Value Publications. This book ls NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement‘338 Polynomial and Sinusoidal Functions Lesson #1: Poymamil Funetons of Degree 0,1, and 2 a) Use graphing calculator to graph each polynomial function and complete the table Number] Value Nature] End Behaviour of | of Range ce © | ot 8 Tuming [Let] Right in Raa Point | Tail | Tail fe ° feonstane vale feay=ax-2 f= Hx 3 1b) Allthe above functions have the same domain. State the domain, {6._a) Complete the table below without using graphing technology. eae past a [fav | sins) Sint ones | turning [Eat] Rit fix) 4 fy= 26 fx) = 2x7 +1 flxyenx +9 1b) When the functions in a) are graphed, two ofthe graphs are straight lines. [entity the two functions and state the slope of each ine. pun?) wn function with a statement about the graph of the function, Eunction ‘Statement A fis) 3n-7 A. ‘The graph has a minimum tuming point fi. ga)=-2e-1 B. Theend behaviour is down atthe left til and up atthe right tail Ws) = 6x2 + Se=2 ‘The graph decreases from quadrant 2 to quadrant 4 Ka) = c. = 3x49 D. The graph has a positive intercept. Copyright © by Absolute Value Publications. This book ls NOT covered by the Cancopy agreementPolynomial and Sinusoidal Functions Lesson #1: Polynomial Functions of Degrees O,1and 2 339 Use the following information 1 answer the next rwo questions ‘The graphs of eight polynomial functions are shown below. Graph 1 Graph 2 Graph 3 Graph 4 ie 4 Graph 6 Graph 7 Graph 8 Write the graph number corresponding to f(x) = ax + b, a, b>0 in the first box. Write the graph number corresponding to f(x) = ax +b, a,b<0 in the second box. Write the graph number corresponding tft) = ax? + bx ¢, a.¢>0 in the third box. Write the graph number corresponding to) = ax? + bx-+c, a.c-<0 in the last box. (Record your answer in the numerical esponse bx on et ight) ee eee Write the graph number coresponding to fit) = ax? + br-+c, a<0,e>0 in the tind box, Write the graph number corresponding to 0 nx? + br+e, a>0,6<0 inthe last box (Record your answer in he numerical respons ox from ett ight.) Copyright © by Absolute Value Publications. This book ls NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement340 Polynomial and Sinusoidal Functions Lesson #1: Pomamil Futons of Degrees 0,1, and 2 Answer Key 1. Answers may vary. a) fle) = b) fiy= 2663 ©) seyeated 2. Answers ina) and) may vary. a) fx} = Sx? = 20 — bes 8) fadex-3 3. a) Domain, Range, Number of wintercepts, Number of inerceps| 1) Domain, Number of yimercepts 4. a) Seochan ctw 1) The eon of Ps) eS an Ta =r the er of Of) ian sa Th zero of RE) a6 O an 2. 5. 0) Seochan lw ver ino |e nine | | Rae tm ee EE oe fama [me [= |e [ome feo] ee Ms os es es finnini [= fulyeeyen] mm | | [ines [me [a [ulnoemy| mm [oe Lo 6. a) Ssechan below 1) The graph offi) =A has lope ofa ‘The graph offs) =-20 + 6 hn spe of 2. a er ee Cr f= ge] mo [aon] lA =D Copyright © by Absolute Value Publications. This book ls NOT covered by the Cancopy agreement