1

IDENTIFYING THE ROOT CAUSES OF BULLYING AND IT'S CONSEQUENCES

AMONG GRADE 11 ABM STUDENTS AROUND QUEZON CITY.

A RESEARCH PAPER PRESENTED TO

Mr. Astrid Anabo of OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS FOR
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

SUBMITTED BY:
Andres, Khrystina Cassandra L.
Avillon, Daniela U.
Elacion, Jianna Margaret R.
Hutalla, Chesca Mae V.
Nacional, Kirstine D.
Rendon, Lily-Anne Nicole D.
Reloquio, Angel Mae T.

JOHN ASTRID ANABO, RPM

RESEARCH ADVISER

2023
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Certificate of Originality

We hereby declare that this thesis is our own work and that, to the best of our
knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person
nor material to a substantial extent that has been accepted for the award of any other degree or
diploma of a university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment
is made in the text.

We also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of our work,
even though we may have received assistance from others on style, presentation, and language
expression.

Principal Investigator

John Astrid Anabo,

RPM Research Adviser

Date Signed
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE .........................................................................................................................................1

CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY..............................................................................................................2

TABLE OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................................................3

ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................5

Chapter 1- The problem and it’s background

Introduction…………………………………..................................................................................6

Objective of the study......................................................................................................7

Statement of the problem................................................................................................7

Scope and Limitations......................................................................................................8

Significance of the Study..................................................................................................8

Definition of Terms...........................................................................................................9

Chapter 2- Review of related literature

Definition of bullying………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11

Roots of bullying…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
11

Motives…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11

Risk and Consequences…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

12

Research Paradigm…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
13
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Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13

Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13

Chapter 3- Research Methodology

Research Design……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15

Locale of the Study…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

15

Population and Sampling ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

15

Research Ethics……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16

Research Instrument………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16

Validation of Instrument…………………………………………………………………………………………………
16

Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………………………………………………………………

17

Data analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
17

Reference……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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ABSTRACT

Bullying is one of the widespread global issues with serious consequences to the victim. It
involves offensive jokes, insulting, humiliating and many more. Victims were found experienced negative
psychosocial experience and including depression and anxiety. Bullying can be physical, words or more
actions that the outcome will be traumatizing to the victim. The victim will carry this trauma growing up,
that might affect their self-confidence and thinking that there's something wrong to them. Here
researchers will study the roots of bullying and its consequences. There's might be a reason why bully
exist, maybe because of the bullies past experiences that they take revenge to others to also make them
suffer just like they go through.
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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

Bullying is a wide-spread issue all over the world. bullying is when someone says or does
something intentionally offensive and hurtful and repeatedly humiliating and harming others.
The common target of bullies are the weaker, younger and smaller or in other word more
vulnerable than the bully. there's four (4) types of bullying, it can be verbal bullying wherein the
bully is teasing, name-calling, inappropriate comments, threatening the victim. the second type
is cyber bullying, hurting someone's reputation in social medias, putting hurtful and offensive
comments in any online platforms. thirdly, social bullying, it involves leaving someone out of
place, making the victim feel that they're not belong in the group, and humiliating the victim
publicly. the last one is physical bullying, it includes hitting, kicking, pushing and other doings
that can hurt the victim physically. Bullying can lead to Anxiety, Depression, Loneliness, panic
disorder, school avoidance and self harm. bullying may results in horrible consequences,most
likely to experience mental health issues are the one who suffer from bullying

Bullying has been identified as the main issue among grade 11 ABM students in face-to-
face studies, and there are different types of bullying. The first is physical bullying, which
includes hurtful teasing, making fun of someone, and being sarcastic in a hurtful way. The
second type is verbal bullying, which includes hurtful teasing, making fun of someone, being
sarcastic in a hurtful way, and making harsh comments about someone's appearance, such as
their weight or height. And finally, social bullying is intentionally ignoring or excluding someone,
spreading rumors about someone, disseminating data or photos that may negatively affect the
other person, and telling lies or stories about someone to make others not like them.

Bullying is a situation that can occur during adolescence and have long-term consequences.
Bullying can lead to depression, relationship difficulties, and an increased risk of substance
abuse in the long run. The physical impact, on the other hand, can be devastating, even
contributing to the development of heart issues due to the high level of stress the body is
continuously under.

From aches and pains to enhanced susceptibility to illness and digestive upset, bullying at
school or work can leave them more vulnerable to illness, which helps to explain why they are
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more likely to take sick days when bullied.

Bullying not only causes mental stress, but it also causes physical stress in your body. Stress
causes a series of physical changes in your body known as the fight-flight response, which is
designed to protect you from danger.

It is not a coincidence if someone suffers from headaches when they are the victim of
bullying. Although headaches can be caused by a variety of factors, stress increases the
likelihood of tension headaches.

1.2 Objectives of the study:

The purpose of this study phenomenological study is to determine what are the roots of
bullying and how bullying can affect the victim's life. The purpose of this study is also to give
awareness in every students that bullying should be avoided and not get involved in any type of
bullying, also to support anti-bullying act so the next generation will never experience bullying
again.

1.3 Statement of the problem:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of the following?

a. Age
b. Gender

2. How is bullying dealt with? What methodologies are hired?

3. What impact does bullying have on the daily lives and educational experiences of
students?

4. How can schools be held responsible if they do nothing to prevent bullying?

5. Why is it important for students to be able to advocate for themselves, and how can
adults assist them in developing those skills?
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1.3 Scope and limitation:

In local community, bullying is still a contentious issue, particularly in schools. In

actuality, bullying among students is on the rise. Bullying has been reported to have affected 3
out of every 5 students. The purpose of this study is to determine the causes of bullying in grade
11 abm classes in Quezon City. In order to identify the underlying factors that differentiate the
social from the emotional effects of bullying, researchers primarily concentrate on two areas:
social and emotional.

1.4 Significance of the study:

The study aims to gather more knowledge and understanding of the bullying that Grade
11 ABM students in Fairview, Quezon City, encountered. The goal of this study is to provide
information, alert people to the existence of bullying, raise awareness of the issue, and instruct
people on what to do when bullying occurs. The study is beneficial for the following: To the
Students. The research would raise student awareness of the various causes of bullying and for
students to know that they're already being bullied. To the Parents and Academic Teachers. This
study intends to let not just parents, but also teachers know that bullying exists. This study will
let them know that bullying is a problem that requires proper handling and attention. They'll
have a better understanding of how victims felt as well as guidance on how to respond if
someone reports to them that they are a victim of bullying.
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1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS:

Perpetrators

- A perpetrator is someone who is responsible for committing a crime. While a suspect is suspected of
committing a crime, this term refers to the person who actually committed it. This term is usually
reserved for those who commit illegal acts or crimes. This term is frequently misapplied because it is
based on a state of reality in which a person has either committed an illegal act or has been found guilty
and legally convicted. (Barnett, 2023)

Bullying

- A pattern of aggressive behavior in which one person (or a group of people) in a position of power
deliberately intimidates, abuses, or coerces an individual with the intent to physically or emotionally
harm that person. Bullying can be either physical or verbal. Many adolescents can be cruel to one
another as they develop social skills and mature into adults. While these interactions are unpleasant, the
distinction between conflict and bullying is clear.

Sarcastic

- This entails using words that would normally have the opposite meaning. Use sarcasm to express
contempt or irony in a mocking manner, or to insult someone. Saying someone is extremely intelligent
when they are not, for example, is sarcasm. (Shelly, 2022) Using remarks that clearly mean the opposite
of what you say in order to hurt someone's feelings or to criticize something in a humorous way.

Disseminating

- The act or process of disseminating. The term is most commonly applied to the distribution of
information or things that contain information, such as files and documents. It is also associated with
the official dissemination of such information by organizations such as a company issuing a press release
or a government agency disseminating information to the public.

Phenomenon

- In a scientific context, a phenomenon is something that is observed to occur or exist. It is simply a fact
or event that can be observed with the senses, either directly or through the use of equipment like
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microscopes or telescopes. This definition of phenomenon differs from the common understanding of
the term. (Robert Sheldon, 2022)

Perspective

- A specific perspective is a way of thinking about something, especially one influenced by your beliefs or
experiences. The art of making some objects or people in a photograph appear further away than others
is known as perspective. (2023)
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CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Definition of bullying

According to previous study of BMJ (Averbuch, 2023), bullying is one of the main problem in
school. This is disturbing public health problem that can cause the victim trauma. Researchers found out
that bullying has affects to bullies and the victim and it says that this can append the mental, social and
emotional of both perpetrators and the victim. Because of bullying, it increases the cases of anxiety and
depression that can affect the academic performance of the victim and can also experience negative
psychosocial due to bullying and can cause them trauma to the victim that can be carried until old age.

Bullying involves offensive jokes that can be related to the status in life, weaknesses, gender,
and other insulting words that can make the victim’s self-esteem, physical abuse that can take a form of
injury and discomfort, and it also involves the bullying through online platforms like social medias and
this is called, cyber bullying.

2.2 Roots of bullying

This are the main root causes why there is bullying as stated by finger print success (Amy Rigby,
2019) the first reason is family problems, bullies might experience abuse from their family so making
other's lives miserable is bullies coping mechanism. Second is want to get attention, bullies are often
lonely. Bullies will do anything to get the attention they want even it will harm others. The third one is
Envy, bullies may be competitive and don't want others to be better than them so bullies will
underestimate the victim's skills. Fourth, life status, this is one of the reasons why bullies victimized the
victim, because of the victim's state of finances and just because the victim is poor. And lastly Sexuality,
Bullies victimized individuals because of genders, being sexist and discriminating others base on gender.

2.3 Motives

According to Science and Education 4, this study describes and analyzes the campus bullying
experiences of senior high school students, their problems encountered, their emotional struggles, their
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coping strategies and even their insights and realizations that would be useful in making interventions in
the future. Questions were given to scrutinize their experiences through Google forms platform which
they have to choose an option from the Likert scale correspondingly. Findings from this study lead to a
better understanding of campus bullying, encouraging school administrators, guidance consultants, class
advisers, and subject teachers to develop policies to address the phenomenon of school bullying.
Responding to bullying respectfully increases student motivation to learn and ultimately improves
academic performance.

According to the web the study ensured that ethical considerations were observed
during its conduct. It highly followed the components of trustworthiness namely credibility,
transferability, dependability, and conformability to ensure the validity of the qualitative data.
Based on the narratives and thematic analysis, study revealed that victims of bullying
experienced name calling or verbal abuse, physical bullying, and social discrimination. (Norman
Raotraot Galabo Int. J. Technol, 2019).

Based on this two article, each student in senior high school is encountering difficulties
experience because of bullying. The use of surveys for this study is very helpful to easily analyze what is
the possible way to cope with this kind of problem. Some students are struggling to cheer up themselves
because of losing their self-confidence that being affected by bullying. The motive of this study is to help
senior high school on what they need to do to avoid being affected by bullying.

2.4 Risk and Consequences

According to prevnet.ca (2023), the adverse effects of bullying are long-lasting, making it a
serious health problem. Bullying among students may escalate into more serious issues. Being bullied
may cause them to experience anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and confidence. Isolation can be a
consequence of bullying, along with loneliness, health problems, or even worse, suicide attempts.

In accordance with Jenna McHugh (2019), bullying is regarded as a pattern of power abuse
characterized by violent behavior and intentional harm to others. Bullying may not be the main cause of
the victim's mental health problems, but it can still be a significant element for them and make things
more difficult for them to handle.
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2.5 Research Paradigm

An input-process-output (IPO) model was adopted by the researcher. This graphic represents
the research subject's input, the research process, and the study's output.

2.6 Conceptual Framework

Figure 1:
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Types of Root cause of

bullying in bullying Long term
school consequences

Lived experiences of women sending unsolicited explicit images to their

romantic partners
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Figure 2:
The conceptual framework outlines how the researcher would investigate the
experience of victims of bullying in school. The objectives of the interview are to classify the
long-term consequences of bullying among senior high school students in Fairview, Quezon
City. This topic's researchers used a qualitative interview approach. The interviewees described
their own experiences with bullying. According to the findings of the study, physical and verbal
aggression lead to poor mental health and academic performance. Along with the
understandings and realizations, the study highlighted that campus bullying provokes
emotional distress and low self-esteem, that bullies should be sensitive to the emotions of
others, and that bullying in schools should be lessened, if not avoided.

2.7 Theoretical Framework

Bullying has come an epidemic in our ultramodern culture and now impacts millions of
youthful people. A Theoretical Review of Bullying (2004) claims that bullying is a kind of peer
importunity that numerous schoolchildren encounter. It's described as any aggressive, repeated
action that involves an imbalance of power and can take the form of physical, verbal, or
relational acts. This shows that bullying happens any time a peer group or existent pressures
someone differently to change their views, beliefs, or station in order to follow to the group's
morals. The result of negative peer pressure can affect in situations where people feel bullied to
speak up on behalf of someone who's being hurt or harmed. According to This Issue
propositions of Bullying and Cyber bullying,( 2014) Bullying refers to a subtype of aggression, in
which purposeful detriment is constantly foisted upon a target with lower power than the
perpetrator, bullying is obviously continuing what they do to attack someone, similar as
transferring sluice vituperative textbooks or continually remonstrating or pinching.
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CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

Research design is used the qualitative research to identify the gathering necessary
information in phenomenological approach in this study, according to PubMed (Diane Wieland,
2015) While social bullying, negative workplace behaviors, and incivility are receiving scholarly
attention, no research study could be identified targeting resilience to social bullying This article
describes a phenomenological study that investigated resilience to social bullying. This research
aims to know accusations of the victim in contrary to easily explore the information against in
this study. The first main reason why the researcher used this phenomenon study of the bullying
is to fully understand the effect of this on the victim. Second in the used of research, the
researcher easily gathere the possible feelings behind. Phenomenological study is very effective
to easily know the experience's and perceived of the victim and also to deeply understand the
possible outcome of the study.

3.2 Locale of the Study

To understand the local study of the victims of bullying among senior high school
students, the study was conducted with Senior High school students at a Private school in
Fairview Regalado as participants. Using a google form, the researchers believed that this study
would aid in managing the issue of this phenomenon study.

3.3 Population and Sampling

This study uses a purposive sampling that involves 10 participants, making data
collection simple.The researchers use voluntary response sampling, in which they send out a
survey to the students, who then decide whether or not to participate in the sample. The
researchers will look for 10 volunteers to participate in the study. Researchers can obtain
responses in person, online, through open postings, and in a variety of other ways.
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3.4 Research Ethics

In here, researchers will provide guidelines for the responsible conduct of research. Researchers
may have difficulty acquiring information while exploring the internet since bogus articles and
untrustworthy websites are easily accessed, which can mislead researchers and result to inaccurate
conclusions. And in order to avoid difficulties in determining which data is reliable or not, the
researchers will look who is the author, looking at the publisher and scanning the writing style of the
sources Researchers will ensure to limit their sources, scan each website found in the internet, base
what will they put according to the experience of others to gather the most important data. Since the
researchers’ uses the internet, researchers will ensure to provide proper citation of sources from each
articles use to avoid plagiarism.

3.5 Research Instrument

This qualitative study approach to the collection and analysis of structured interviews.
The researcher used structured interviews with questions to survey participants from GRADE 11
ABM STUDENTS to find out what bullying prevention and awareness programs. Using structured
interviews, which allowed participants to express and share their feelings and experiences.
Structured interviews conducted with students involved bullying as victims, and bullies. By
collecting from bullying surveys, GRADE 11 STUDENTS can create more targeted and effective
strategies to prevent and address bullying.

3.6 Validation of Instrument

Bullying is the most prevalent issue in schools, resulting in the reason researchers conducted a
study on the root causes of bullying and its long-term consequences. The primary purpose of this
research is to investigate the phenomenon of bullying behavior, its victims, and the different types of
bullying among senior high school students. Interviewees addressed their own bullying experiences.
Based on the narratives and thematic analysis, study revealed that victims of bullying experienced name
calling or verbal abuse, physical bullying, and social discrimination. Passivity, optimism and
perseverance, and peer-support system help students cope with the adverse and traumatic experiences
of bullying. Along with the insights and realizations, the study emphasized that campus bullying leads to
emotional distress and low self-esteem, bullies should be sensitive to others ‘emotions, and bullying
should be minimized, if not avoided, in the school( Norman Raotraot GalaboInt. J. Sci. Technol. Res 8 (4),
167-173, 2019).
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3.7 Data Gathering Procedure

This chapter includes the step by step process used for gathering data in a compliance to the
study. First, the researchers analyzed the issue of the selected topic and its consequences to the victim.
researchers also look for a previous case study about the topic and analyze well. Secondly, the
researchers constructed interview questions based on the topic for the deliberation of the study. The
second step is researchers have to ask for consent of selected gr11 ABM students in Fairview for
interview and must have a back up plan if the interviewees didn’t agree. Thirdly, before the start of
interview, researchers should explain the conditions and objective of the interview to the respondents
and inform the respondents that the interview is recorded. When the interview started use electronic
device tool to record the interview, it is a must to gather the information about the respondents. After
the interview, give the respondents assurance that the recorded interview will be keep confidential.
Lastly, for the last step researcher organized all the data collected from each respondent. After the
research study is completed, the collected data will be permanently deleted.

3.8 Data analysis

Table 1 Campus Bullying Experiences

Essential Thematic Statement

Themes

Verbal  Pointing out my insecurities

Bullying  Body shaming

Social  My bully embarrassed in the class.

Bullying  Emotionally, I feel being left out for no reason, communication is useless ang I
have to give a part of me to belong to the group which can be embarrassing or
some sort of sacrifice of dignity, which is very demanding and tiring to keep
with.

Physical  I can't describe but he hurt me physically.

Bullying  I experienced physical
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CODES
Verbal Bullying
As mentioned in bullying prevention programs blog post, verbal bullying is one of the four types
of bullying. According to stopbullying.gov, The verbal bullying definition is the act of saying or writing
mean or hurtful things. Verbal bullying examples include:
- Teasing
- Name-calling
- Inappropriate sexual    comments
- Taunting
- Threatening to cause harm
The goal of verbal bullying is to degrade and demean the victim in order to make the aggressor appear
dominant and powerful.  It is also common for verbal bullies to target kids with special needs
Social Bullying 
Based on youth first (Tiffany Harper, LCSW, 2017) Social bullying, also known as relational
aggression, is a form of bullying that has grown with the boom of social media and cell phones.  It is
relational in nature and causes harm by damaging someone’s social status.  It is often done covertly to
avoid detection by adults.
Examples of social bullying are:
- Posting about someone on social media, directly or indirectly naming the victim
- Texting rude or negative comments
- Excluding someone from a peer group
- Refusing to allow a peer to sit with one’s group
- Convincing others not to be friends with a peer
Starting and/or spreading rumors
- Indirect communication directed at a peer such as eye rolling, laughing
Physical Bullying 
As stated at Alannah & Madeline Foundation (2023) Physical bullying can entail anything from
pushing and shoving to kicking, punching, fist fighting, being shot, being raped or being physically
attacked by a gang. In some urban middle and high schools, it’s not uncommon for students to form
gangs and bully others. Some students join gangs for personal protection against bullies and wind up
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becoming bullies themselves. Gang members may be of a certain nationality or race or members may
come from the same social background or neighborhood.

Table 2 Causes and Impacts of Bullying 

Essential Themes Thematic Statement

Causes of Bullying  Insecure about others or lack of attention at home.

 I think their lives are miserable and don't have any happiness, that's
why they make other people's lives miserable too.
 I think people hate difference as it gives out some sort of "highlight"
to one being, I think people adore similarities as it makes them the
kind of norm which is acceptable but also irritating.
 I think my bully thought that I was more vulnerable than him.
 I think the cause of bullying is jealousy and insecurity.
 Discrimination, personal appearance, personality and peer pressure.
 I think one of the causes of bullying is the lack of attention that
bullies are seeking.

Impacts of bullying in  Yes, It was very hard to concentrate inside the classroom because I
academic was really anxious about my former classmates' thinking about me.
performance  Yes, It really affects my academic performance. I'm always a student
achiever but because of bullying, I almost failed last semester and
want to give up on my studies.
 Yes, It makes me want to avoid school.
 Yes, being a victim of bullying made me lose my desire to study.

Impacts of bullying in  It gives me anxiety and worse, depression.

daily lives  It affects people's mental health.
 Having a low self-esteem and confidence in life.
 I get social anxiety and I always put my head down when I am in
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public.
 It was weird when I was young, It ruined my discipline on some
things.
 It makes me want to change something about myself. I did some self-
reflection and because of that I made some changes in my personal
appearance and my behavior.
 I do not accept compliments until now.

CODES
Causes of bullying
Based on the narrative and thematic analysis, study revealed that victims of bullying
experienced name-calling or verbal abuse, physical bullying, and social discrimination(Norman Raotraot
Galabo, April 2019). Passivity, optimism and perseverance, and peer-support systems help students
cope with the adverse and traumatic experiences of bullying. Along with the insights and realizations,
the study emphasized that campus bullying leads to emotional distress and low self-esteem, bullies
should be sensitive to others' emotions, and bullying should be minimized, if not avoided, in the school.
Hence, a call to address such predicament is highly encouraged in order to create a learning
environment where students are safe and protected from any form of abuse.
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Impacts of bullying in academic performance

 According to Shuang Yu, Xiaojun Zhao Social Sciences & Humanities Open 4 (1), 100151, 2021.
This article reviews risk and influencing factors associated with bullying victimization within the context
of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework. The results indicate that: (1) boys, middle school students,
repeaters, and truancy report significantly higher bullying victimization; (2) bullying victimization is
associated with poor academic achievement and social integration problems such as bad classmate
relations, lack of school belonging, and sense of loneliness; (3) study time, academic engagement, and
online socialization are identified as the mediators between bully victimization and academic literacy
and social integration. The findings highlight the importance of creating a safe and positive school
environment to fight against negative outcomes associated with bullying victimization.

Impacts of bullying in daily lives

Children and youth who are bullied over time are more likely than those not bullied to
experience depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. They also are more likely to be lonely and want to
avoid school. There are many ways that parents and youth-serving adults can help prevent or address
bullying.
The same study showed that children and youth who bully others over time are at higher risk for
more intense anti-social behaviors like problems at school, substance use, and aggressive behavior.
Parents should pay attention to warning signs that their child may be engaging in bullying behavior, like
getting into physical or verbal fights or blaming others for their problems.
Bystanders to bullying may also experience mental health effects. The same study showed that
students who witnessed bullying at school experienced increased anxiety and depression regardless of
whether they supported the bully or the person being bullied. Bystanders may experience stress related
to fears of retaliation or because they wanted to intervene but didn’t.
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Table 3 Realization and Insights

Essential Themes Thematic Statement

Actions  I just cried, but I'm trying my best not to not be affected by what they are
saying.
 I just don't mind them, I'll let them think what they thought about me and
I keep my mouth shut.
 Compensating for what I have, I might be one of those fortunate people
who got out of their comfort zone and just grew out of it.

Advice to  Stand for yourself and fight back, don't make them think that you're weak,
prevent bullying be strong and fight for yourself.
 If talking to someone is not enough, work with what you have, a helping
hand could be your own hand after all.
 Don't be afraid to tell what they experienced to others, voice out and
stand firm on what's right.

IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

When the participants are enucleated into a larger number, substantive patterns, similarities, and
differences can be generated. More in-depth and longitudinal study recommended to enrich the body of
knowledge and for the development of theoretical models of e campus bullying Moreover, the
researcher may include not only the victims of buying but also those bullies in the school of base
education, junior high school and senior high school
FINAL COMMENTS
Campus bullying is common in cautious schools, particularly in the classroom. Teachers and students can
be both victims and bullies, making it a serious issue to address. Classroom as a learning environment is
not exempted from buying, in fact simple
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Reference

Websites

Hsuan Chiu and Elisabeth Julie Vargo of BMC Psychiatry (July 04 2022)
https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.comw

West J Emerg Med of National Library of medicine ( July 2011) (theoretical framework)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Ted bauer of Fingerprint of Success
https://www.fingerprintforsuccess.com/blog/causes-of-bullying

Lisa Morris of American SPCC (2019)

https://americanspcc.org/

Prev.Net (2019)
https://www.prevnet.ca/

2023
https://cyberleninka.ru/

Jenna McHugh (2019)

https://www.schoolgovernance.net.au/

2023

https://www.prevnet.ca/

Adrienne Nishina (2020)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/
Sheri Bauman &Jina Yoon (2019)
https://www.tandfonline.com/
2019
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/

Norman Raotraot Galabo (2019)

https://www.researchgate.net/
Aaliyah Erin De Asis (2019)
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https://www.studocu.com/
Norman Raotraot Galabo (April 2019)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
332564158_Campus_Bullying_in_the_Senior_High_School_A_Qualitative_Case_Study
(Oct 25 2019)
https://www.stopbullying.gov/blog/2019/10/25/effects-bullying-mental-health
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
as_ylo=2019&q=Impacts+of+bullying+in+academic+performance&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5#d=gs_qabs&t=167
8266115542&u=%23p%3D_F9mxkfq7B0J
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
as_ylo=2019&q=Impacts+of+bullying+in+academic+performance&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5#d=gs_qabs&t=167
8266115542&u=%23p%3D_F9mxkfq7B0J