MATHEMATICS 10

Name of Learner: ____________________________________Grade & Section: _____________

Name of Subject Teacher: ____________________________________Date: _________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 2

PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING PERMUTATIONS

MELC : solve problems involving permutations Week: 2

Competency Code: M10SP-IIIb-1 Quarter: Third
A. Background Information for Learners
Recall:
We usually arrange things in a specific order.
For example, 6 different kinds of plants can be arranged in a row in any order.
►This kind of arrangement in a particular order is known as permutation.
►The number of permutations P of n objects taken r at a time is:
*𝑷(𝒏,𝒓) = 𝒏! , n = r.
►If n objects are to be arranged around a circle (Circular Permutation),
then the number of arrangement is: P = (n-1)!

If n objects on a circle are arranged relative to a fixed point, then: P = n!

► The number of distinguishable permutations P, of n objects taken at a time with f
objects alike, g of another kind alike, h of another kind alike, and so on, is given by:
P= n!___
p! q! r!

Permutations involved in daily life problems are more complicated.

The computation is much different if some restrictions are placed on the
arrangements. To solve these problems, we still have to use the formulas stated above
with the application of the addition and multiplication rules.
Addition Rule – If there are n choices for one action and m choices for another
action and the two actions cannot be done at the same time, then there are
n + m ways to choose one of these actions.
Multiplication Rule – If there are n ways of doing something, and m ways of
doing another thing after that, then there are n x m ways to perform both of these
independent actions.

Example #1. Solution:

Given: n = 8
Eight students are to be a. P = (n-1)!
seated at a round table. = (8-1)!
= 7!
a. How many arrangements =7x6x5x4x3x2x1
are possible? = 5, 040 arrangements

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b. If one of them is to be b. The circular permutation is relative to a fixed point
seated close to the window, close to the window), then,
how many ways are possible? P = n!
= 8!
= 8 x7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
= 80, 320 ways

Example #2. Solution:

Given: n = 6
There are 6 numbered cards r=3
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. a. P(n,r) = n!
(n-r)!
P(6,3) = 6!
a. How many three-digit
(6-3)!
numbers can be formed if
=6x5x4x3x2x1
no repetition is allowed?
3!
b. How many different three-
= 720
digit even numbers can be
3x2x1
formed?
= 720
6
= 120 arrangements
b. There are 3 choices: 2, 4, or 6 for the units digit or
the third digit. Then choose 2 cards from the
remaining 5 cards for the first two digits.
 The actions cannot be done at the same time
because you need to select only one either of 2 or 4
or 6 for the third digit, so the addition rule is to be
used.
 If the units digit or third digit is → 2 or 4 or 6

↓ ↓ ↓
 Number of 3-digit even numbers

= P(5,2) + P(5,2) + P(5,2)

= (5 x 4) + (5 x 4) + (5 x 4)
= 20 + 20 + 20 = 60
Therefore, there are 60 possible 3-digit even
numbers.

Example # 3. Solution:
Given: n = 8
In a Department Store, a r=8
saleslady plans to put eight a. P(n,r) = n!
different pairs of shoes P(8,8) = n!
=8 x7x6x5x4x3x2x1
(A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H) = 40, 320 arrangements

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 in a row for display.
b. Since A, B, and C should be displayed next to each
a. How many arrangements other, then (A, B, and C) should be treated as
are there for the display of 1 object and the original 8 objects should be treated
eight pairs of shoes? as 6 objects: (A, B, and C), D, E, F, G, and H.
b. If the shoes A, B, and C are The permutations of 3 objects A, B, and C = 3!
of the same brand and
The permutations of 6 objects (A, B, and C), D, E, F,
should be displayed next to
G, and H are taken 6 at a time: P(n, r) = 6!
each other, how
 The permutations of (A, B, and C) or 3! are to be
many arrangements are
considered as objects of the permutation of the
there for the display of
6 remaining objects, then the multiplication rule is to
eight pairs of shoes?
be used.
c. Aside from A, B, and C, D,
and E are of another brand Therefore,
and should also be P = 3! x 6!
displayed next to each = (3x2x1) (6x5x4x3x2x1)
other. How many = 6 x 720
arrangements are there for = 4, 320 arrangements
the display of eight pairs of
shoes?

B. Exercise 1
PERMUTATIONS WITHOUT REPETITION
Guided Practice 1. How many different ways are there to arrange your first three
classes if the are math science, and language arts?
Solution:
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
It is a PERMUTATION WITHOUT REPETITION because the order of
the classes are different.
Step 2: Know the formula
Use The Fundamental Counting Principle to find the number
of Permutations.
Pn = n!
(n factorial), where n is the number of elements of the set.
Step 3: Substitute the given for n to the formula.
P3 = 3!
Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations
P3 = 3!
P3 = 3 x 2 x 1

P3 = 6
Step 5: Verify the answer
There are 6 possible arrangements or permutations of
the 3 classes.

Guided Assessment 1.
A license plate begins with three letters. If the possible letters are
A, B, C, D and E how many different permutations of these letters can be made if no
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letter is used more than once?
Solution:
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
It is a _______________________________ because the problems involves 5 things
(A, B, C, D, E) taken 3 at a time.
Step 2: _________________
Use the Permutation formula since nPr means that the number of permutations
of n things taken r at a time.
_____________
Step 3: Substitute the given for n and r to the formula.
nPr = n!
(n-r)!
5P3 = ______

Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations

5P3 = 5! = 5!
(5-3)! 2!
5P3 = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2! = ________
2!
Step 5: Verify the answer
There are _________different permutations for the license plate.

Answer Key for Guided Assessment 1:

Solution:
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
It is a PERMUTATION WITHOUT REPETITION because the problems
involves 5 things (A, B, C, D, E) taken 3 at a time.
Step 2: Know the formula
Use the Permutation formula since nPr means that the number of permutations
of n things taken r at a time.
nPr = n!
(n-r)!
Step 3: Substitute the given for n and r to the formula.
nPr = n!
(n-r)!
5P3 = 5!
(5-3)!
Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations
5P3 = 5! = 5!
(5-3)! 2!
5P3 = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2! = 60
2!
Step 5: Verify the answer
There are 60 different permutations for the license plate.

PERMUTATIONS WITH REPETITION (DISTINGUISHABLE)

Guided Practice 2:
Find the distinct permutations of the letters of the word MISSISSIPPI?

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 Solution:
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
It is a PERMUTATION WITH REPETITION since the letter in the word
MISSISSIPPI, the letter “S” is appearing 4 times, “I” is appearing 4 times,
“P” is appearing 2 times.
Step 2: Know the formula
The formula of the distinguishable permutation is
nPr = n!
p!q!r!. where p,q,r are the number
of times a letter is repeated.
Step 3: Substitute the given for n, r, and q to the formula.
nPr = 11!
4!4!2!.

MISSISSIPPI= 11 TOTAL NUMBER OF LETTERS

Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations
nPr = 11!
4!4!2!.
nPr = 11 x 10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4!
(4!4!2!) just cancel out 4! In the numerator and
4! In the denominator then multiply
the remaining elements in the
numerator such as 11 x 10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5
to the remaining elements of denominator.
nPr = 11 x 10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5
(4!2!)
nPr = 1 663 200
(4 x 3 x 2 x 1) (2 x1)
nPr = 1 663 200
(24) (2)
nPr = 34, 650
Step 5: Verify the answer
The distinct permutations of the letters of the is 34, 650.

Guided Assessment 2.
In how many ways can we arrange the letters in the word TOOTH?
Solution:
Solution:
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
It is a __________________________________since the letter in the word
TOOTH, the letter _______ is appearing 2 times and ______ is appearing 2 times.
Step 2: _______________
The formula of the distinguishable permutation is
nPr = n!
p!q!r!. where p,q,r are the number
of times a letter is repeated.
Step 3: Substitute the given for n, r, and q to the formula.
nPr = 5!
2!2!.
__________= 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF LETTERS
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Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations
nPr = 5!
2!2!.
nPr = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2!
(2!2!) just cancel out 2!! In the numerator and
One 2!! In the denominator then multiply
the remaining elements in the
numerator such as 5 x 4 x 3
to the remaining elements of denominator.
nPr = 5 x 4 x 3
(2!)
nPr = 60
(2 x1)
nPr = 60
2
nPr = ________________
Step 5: Verify the answer
We can arrange the letters in the word TOOTH in 30 different orders.

We have another way of solution:

5P5 = 5x 4x3x2x1
2x1x2x1
5P5 = 120
4
5P5 = _____________

Answer Key for Guided Assessment 2:

Solution:
Solution:
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
It is a PERMUTATION WITH REPETITION since the letter in the word
TOOTH, the letter “O” is appearing 2 times and “T” is appearing 2 times.
Step 2: Know the formula
The formula of the distinguishable permutation is
nPr = n!
p!q!r!. where p,q,r are the number
of times a letter is repeated.

nPr = 5!
2!2!.
Step 3: Substitute the given for n, r, and q to the formula.
nPr = 5!
2!2!
TOOTH = 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF LETTERS
Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations
nPr = 5!
2!2!.
nPr = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2!
(2!2!) just cancel out 2!! In the numerator and
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 One 2!! In the denominator then multiply
the remaining elements in the
numerator such as 5 x 4 x 3
to the remaining elements of denominator.
nPr = 5 x 4 x 3
(2!)
nPr = 60
(2 x1)
nPr = 60
2
nPr = 30
Step 5: Verify the answer
We can arrange the letters in the word TOOTH in 30 different orders.
We have another way of solution:
5P5 = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
2x1x2x1
5P5 = 120
4
5P5 = 30
C. Written Output
Part I.Multiple Choice: (10pts)
Directions : Read each problem carefully. Choose and encircle the letter of the correct
answer.
1. In how many ways can 8 Indians and, 4 American and 4 Englishmen can be seated in a
row so that all person of the same nationality sit together?
a. 3! 4! 8! 4! b. 3! 8! c. 4! 4! d. 8! 4! 4!
2. How many Permutations of the letters of the word APPLE are there?
a. 600 b. 120 c. 240 d. 60
3. In how many ways can 4 boys and girls can be seated in a row so that they are
alternate?
a. 144 b. 288 c. 12 d. 256
4. If letters of the work KUBER are written in all possible orders and arranged as in a
dictionary, then the rank of the word KUBER will be:
a. 67 b. 68 c. 65 d. 69
5. How many ways can 4 prizes be given away to 3 boys, if each boy is eligible for all the
prizes?
a. 256 b. 24 c. 12 d. None of these
6. How many words can be formed by re-arranging the letters of the word ASCENT such
that A and T occupy the first and last position respectively?
a. 6! x 2! b. 6! - 2! c. 4! d. 5!

7. Six actors and eight actresses are available for a play that requires 4 males and 3
females. How many different cast lists are there?
a. 120, 960 b. 40, 320 c. 20, 160 d. 576
8. How many ways can the letters in the word BRAINS be arranged if the vowels must be
together?
a. 6! b. 2! c. 2!5! d. 4!

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9. In how many ways can the organizer of the Sinulog Festival arrange the first three
performers if there are 12 contingents in all?
a. 1, 728 b. 1, 320 c. 36 d. 15
10. What is the numerical value of 7P4?
a. 210 b. 420 c. 840 d. 120

Part II. Solve the problems. (10pts)

Solve the problems. Show your solutions on your answer sheet.
In a grocery, a salesman plans to put six varieties of coffee (L, M, N, O, P, and Q) in a row for display.
a. How many arrangements are there for the display of six variants of coffee?
b. If coffee L and M are of the same brand and should be displayed next to each other, how many arrangements are
there for the display of 6 variants of coffee?
c. Aside from L and M, P and Q are of another brand and should also be displayed next to each other. How many
arrangements are there for the display of 6 variants of coffee?
D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies : (5pts)
Give one example of situation in real-life that employ permutations. Follow each step given
below.
Step 1: Determine what kind of problem it is
Step 2: Know the formula
Step 3: Substitute the given for n and r to the formula.
Step 4: Calculate/Solve the equation to find the number of permutations
Step 5: Verify the answer
References:
1. Callanta, Melvin M., Allan M. Canonigo, Arnaldi I Chua, Jerry D. Cruz, Mirla S.
Esparrago, Elino S. Garcia, Aries N. Magnaye, Fernando B. Orines, Rowena S. Perez, and
Concepcion S. Ternida. Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module. Department of Education,
2015.
2. Obana, Generoso G, Edna R. Mangaldan. Making Connections in Mathematics A
Worktext for Fourth Year High School. Vicarish Publication & Trading, INC, 2009 .

Prepared by

IMMACUALATE D. SALIH
Name of Writer

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times.

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