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Biodiversity and Classification Scheme

The document discusses the history of classification schemes for organisms from Carolus Linnaeus' two kingdom system to Thomas Cavalier-Smith's current six kingdom system, outlining key contributors like Ernst Haeckel, Edoard Chatton, Herbert Copeland, Robert Whittaker, and Carl Woese. It also defines important terms like biodiversity, species, taxonomy, systematics, and explains how phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships between organisms.

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Shawn Xed De La Victoria
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60 views56 pages

Biodiversity and Classification Scheme

The document discusses the history of classification schemes for organisms from Carolus Linnaeus' two kingdom system to Thomas Cavalier-Smith's current six kingdom system, outlining key contributors like Ernst Haeckel, Edoard Chatton, Herbert Copeland, Robert Whittaker, and Carl Woese. It also defines important terms like biodiversity, species, taxonomy, systematics, and explains how phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Uploaded by

Shawn Xed De La Victoria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using the pictures, try and

guess the correct word from


the set of letters.
KDOXN
IGLMA
KINGDOM
SOICE
SPAEM
SPECIES
SOIFA
MULPY
FAMILY
SBODIY
AIVTER
BIODIVERSITY
Biodiversity:
Classification
Schemes
Prepared by: Daniel F. Gabinete Jr.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to able to:
Explain the concept of species;
Trace the history of the science of classification
and;
Summarize the different classification schemes
from Linnaeus to Cavalier-Smith
Guide Questions:
1. What was the video all about?
2. How is biodiversity important to our
ecosystem?
3. In our current environment, do you
think we have a rich biodiversity?
What is Biodiversity?
Biodiversity or
biological diversity
It is all the different kinds
of life or organisms in a
specific area.
What is the importance of
biodiversity?
It supports all life on Earth.
It maintains balance of our
ecosystem
Provide healthy living
conditions
How can we know if we have
rich biodiversity in our area?
We have a variety of species
We encounter different
organisms
Our environment is healthy
What is the term "species"?
Species
Its an organizing principle
A distinction between
different forms of life
An organisms who can
reproduce a fertile offspring
Did you know how many
species are named and
classified?
There are around 8.7 million
species of plants and animals
in existence, but only around
1.2 million have been
identified and described
Group the organisms
based on their
similarities.
What is your basis of
grouping them?
Classification of the
characteristics
Grouping them based on
similarities
What are the science that
deals with classification of
organisms?
Systematics; and
Taxonomy
Do you have an idea what is
systematics? How about
Taxonomy?
Taxonomy Systematics
It refers to the
It refers to the
study and
classification of
classification of
organisms
organisms
A branch of
A branch of
systematics
biology
Can you now spot the
difference?
Taxonomy Systematics
Deals with the
Does not deal with evolutionary
the evolutionary history of
history of organism organisms
Can change with Does not change
further studies with further
studies
Do you know what system
we use to name
organisms?
Binomial Nomenclature
Classification scheme
Classification Scheme
It is the systematic
arrangements or
classification of organisms
History of Classification
Schemes or History of
Taxonomy
Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Taxonomy
Carolus Linnaeus
Proposed two-kingdom scheme
"Animalia-Plantae"(1735)
Based on mobility and nutrition
Contributor in creating the system
of naming organisms
Hierarchy of Taxonomic
classification
Ernst Haeckel
German Zoologist
Ernst Haeckel
Proposed three-kingdom scheme
by adding "Kingdom-Protista"
(1866)
Distinguished unicellular from
multicellular
Coined phylum, phylogeny and
ecology
Edoard Chatton
French Biologist
Edoard Chatton
Proposed the two empires
"Prokaryota and Eukaryota"
(1925)
Distinction of the composition of
the cells especially nuclei
Herbert F. Copeland
American Biologist
Herbert F. Copeland
Proposed the four-kingdom
scheme by adding "Monera"
(1938)
Seperated the two prokaryotic
groups
Robert Whittaker
American Ecologist
Robert Whittaker
Proposed the five-kingdom
classification scheme by adding
"Fungi"(1969)
Distinguished Fungi based on
nutrition
Calr Woese
American Microbiologist
Carl Woese
Proposed the six-kingdom
classification scheme by dividing
monera into "Eubacteria and
Archaebacteria"(1977)
Proposed three domains
"Bacteria, Archae, and Eukarya"
(1990)
Thomas Cavalier-Smith
Professor of evolutionary
biology
Thomas Cavalier-Smith
Rejected the three domain
classification scheme
Proposed the six-kingdom
scheme, which are "Bacteria,
Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae,
Fungi, and Animalia"(2004)
Tree of Life
Phylogenetic Tree
Phylogeny is part of the science of
systematics
Shows the history and relatedness of
organisms
Based on the ribosomal RNA base
sequence
Fill in the diagram with
the scientists/biologist
classification schemes
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