Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

Experiment No:
Date of Performance: / / Timely Completion: /10
Date of Assessment: / / Understanding: /10
Presentation: /10
Signature of Faculty:
Total: /30
Title:Resonance in Series RLC circuits
Aim: To derive resonance frequency and analyze resonance in series RLC circuit.
Prerequisite:
(1) AC fundaments
(2) The response of RL, RC, and RLC to AC supply
(3) Concept of inductive and capacitive reactance
Learning outcomes:At the end of this experiment students will be able to
(1) Justify effect of frequency on resistance, inductive and capacitive reactance.
(2) Calculate impedance of series RLC with variable frequency AC supply.
(3) Derive the formula for resonance frequency
Theory:
(A) Series RLC circuits:
Let a single-phase AC supply with constant and variable frequency is applied across a series
circuit of resistance , inductance and capacitance as shown inthe following figure.

(B) Effect of variable frequency:

 Resistance is independent of frequency
 Inductive reactance is given by i.e. . It indicates that as frequency increases inductive
reactance increases.
 Capacitive reactance is given by i.e. . It indicates that as frequency increases capacitive
reactance decreases.
 Impedancei.e.
 The magnitude of the impedance is i.e. Z varies from RC to RL with frequency.
 Power factor or angle it varies with frequency.
 Hence Power factor cos varies from leading to unity to lagging with frequency
 As a result, current also varies from low to
maximum and then again to low

I cos
I max
1

I m ax
2
leading

lagging

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f1 f0 f2 f ( Hz ) f0 f ( Hz )
Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

(C) Resonance in series RLC:

It is observed that at a certain frequency, inductive reactance becomes equal to capacitive
reactance i.e. , this frequency in series RLC is called resonant frequency.
Hence at the resonance frequency,
 Impedance will be . The circuit is purely resistive
 The magnitude of the current in the circuit is hence it is maximum than all other
frequencies
 The power factor angle
 Power factor i.e. unity
To derive resonance frequency we have .

rad /sec
Resonance frequency is

Apparatus:
Sr. No. Equipment Specification
1 Resistor
2 Inductor
3 Capacitor
4 Function
Generator
5 Voltmeter

Connection Diagram:

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Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

Procedure:

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Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

1. Connect the circuit diagram as shown in Fig.

2. Switch ON the power supply.
3. Vary the frequency step by step in small steps by adjusting frequency variation knob.
4. Note down the voltmeter reading which indicates voltage across the resistance.
5. Switch OFF the power supply and disconnect the circuit.
Observation and Result Table:
Resistance R=_________ Ω, Inductance L=________H, Capacitance C=_________F

Sr. f VR
I = VR/R
No (Hz) (Ω) (Ω) In polar (Ω) (volt)
(amp)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Conclusion:
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Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

LAB ASSIGNMENT
Q1) Fill in the blank: As the frequency decreases inductive reactance /0.5M
_______________ and capacitive reactance __________________.
Q2) Which is the true condition for series resonance? /0.5M
 
 

Q3) What will be the power factor at series resonance frequency? /0.5M
 0.5 lag  0.5 lead
 0 lag  Unity

Q4) How does the series resonant circuit behave under the resonance condition? /0.5M
 Current Amplifier  Frequency Amplifier
 Voltage Amplifier  Voltage regulator

Q5) Define bandwidth and Q factor in series resonance. Also, give the relation /1M
between them.

Q6) Draw the phasor diagram of series RLC circuit quantities under series resonance /1M
condition.

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Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

Q7) A resistor and capacitor are in series with a variable inductor. When the circuit /1.5M
is connected to 200V,50Hz supply. The maximum current obtained by varying the
inductance is 0.314A. The voltage across the capacitor when the current in the
circuit is maximum, is 800V. Find the values of the series circuit elements.

Q8) A series R-L-C circuit has the values: R= 10-ohm, L=0.01H, C=100microfarad. /1.5M
Calculate resonant frequency, quality factor, and bandwidth.

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Basic Electrical Engineering (2019 course) (Lab Manual)

Q9) How the phenomena of resonance are utilized in Electrical Engineering in /3M
filter?

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