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Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person – Grade 11

Quarter 3 – Module 14: The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit
First Edition, 2020

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 11
Introduction of Philosophy of the
Human Person

Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 14
THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN
EMBODIED SPIRIT
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person Grade

11 Self-Learning Module on The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in developing
this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st-century skills, especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
considering their needs and circumstances.

You will also see this box in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person Self-

Learning Module on The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 At the end of this lesson, students are expected to;
a. define the meaning of Embodied Spirit of Plato
b. understand Aristotle's Embodied Spirit
c. enumerate the different kinds of souls and their capabilities

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. An embodiment of Spirit according to Christian Philosophy means:

a. Imprisonment of the soul to the body
b. Body and souls are separable
c. Souls are incarnated
d. Souls are united to the body inseparably

2. Which of the following is the idea of Plato on the embodiment of the

soul?
a. That human person is seen in the metaphysical dichotomy
between body and soul.
b. that human body is destructible and mutable, while the human
soul is indestructible and immutable
c. that human soul has parts: appetitive, sensitive, and rational
souls
d. ALL OF THE ABOVE

3. Plato believes that when human dies, soul ____________________.

a. cease to exist
b. migrates to other bodies
c. separates from the body and return to the world of forms
d. separates from the body and reunite again to other bodies

4. For Aristotle, “the soul is the unit of life.” Which of the following is
TRUE?
a. that all living things have souls
b. that all things can grow, live, and multiply
c. that all things have body and soul
d. that all things strictly follow the order of being
 5. The following are TRUE in Aristotle's account on kind of souls,
EXCEPT.
a. The rational soul is animal by nature
b. Vegetative souls can grow, multiply and feed itself
c. Sensitive souls can also do what vegetative souls can
d. Sensitive souls can sense and move from one place to another

Direction: Enumerate the similarities and differences of the following

according to their respective souls' functions. Present your answer using a
Venn Diagram.

The human person as an embodied spirit is one of the dominant

themes in studying the Philosophy of the Human Person. But before we
delve into the discussion, it is essential to define what embodied Spirit is.
Many would say that "embodiment of spirit, or embodied spirit," would
mean being materialized or incarnated. Hence when we say "embodied
spirit," we usually thought of a spirit being incarnated. The human person
as an "embodied spirit" does not refer to the incarnation or materialization of
the Spirit as an immaterial entity. The embodiment of the Spirit in Christian
Philosophy refers explicitly to the inseparable union of body and soul. Thus,
when we say, "embodiment spirit," we mean that the body is not separate
from the soul, just as the soul is naturally different from the body.
So, when we say that the human person is an embodied spirit, we
specifically mean that the human person is the point of convergence
between the material and spiritual or formal entities, between the body and
soul. Therefore, we cannot talk of the human person without the union of
body and soul, just as we cannot talk to anything without the cooperation of
(as Aristotle would have us believe) matter and form.
Now, to understand the specificity of the human person as an
embodied spirit is essential because aside from the fact that it enables us to
know our potentialities and limitations, it also exposes us to a thorough and
deeper understanding of ourselves as a unique creature united by body and
soul. With this caveat in mind, let us now engage with one of the most
famous philosophers in this scholarship: Aristotle.
In the discussion of Aristotle's account on the Human Person as an
embodied spirit, it is wise to enumerate first some of the ideas of his peer,
Plato, on an understanding of the nature of the human person:
1. Plato upholds the idea that the human person is seen in the
metaphysical dichotomy (inherent contradiction) between body and
soul
2. Body is mutable and destructible, while the soul is immutable and
indestructible.
3. Soul comes first before the body.
4. Body is dependent on the soul, while the soul is independent of the
body.
5. "Soul is just using a body."
6. There are three parts of the soul, namely rational, spiritual, and
appetitive.
7. Each part is in the human body; rational is in the head, spiritual is
in the chest, and appetitive is in the abdomen.
8. Each part of the soul have capabilities: appetitive or desire
motivates, spiritual or Spirit animates, and rational or reason guides.
9. There are two kinds of worlds: the world of forms or ideas and the
world of matter or the world we live in today.
10. Body and soul in a human person are separable. Soul as form
unites to the body in the world of matter; when a person dies, the
body decays while the soul returns to the world of forms.

From this, we can now see the idea of Aristotle on Human Person as
an embodied spirit.
1. Aristotle disagrees with Plato's dualism which implies the concept
of "other world."
2. There is no dichotomy between the person's body and soul.
3.The general definition of the soul is that it animates the body. Hence
all beings with life have a soul.
4. As Aristotle claims that all being has matter and form, the soul is
the form of the matter.
5. There is unity between body and soul. Hence, they are inseparable.
Body and soul constitute the human person.
 6. Plants, animals, and humans have life, therefore has soul,
respectively.
According to Aristotle, plants have souls (vegetative soul) because they
possess the three basic requirements for something to be called a "living
being," i.e., the capacity to grow, reproduce and feed itself. However, plants
do not share the higher levels of souls, which cannot feel and think.
Animals have sensitive souls that also grow, reproduce, and feed
themselves, but sensitive souls can sensation, unlike vegetative souls.
Finally, human has rational souls that grow, replicate, provide themselves,
and feel. But unlike sensitive and vegetative souls, rational souls are
capable of thinking. According to Aristotle, this highest level of soul is
present only in humans.

Activity 1- Quick Survey of Limitations

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on the space
provided before each number.

______ 1. I can live without using social media.

A. Strongly agree C. Disagree
B. Agree D. Strongly disagree

______2. I would die being alone.

A. Strongly agree C. Disagree
B. Agree D. Strongly disagree

______ 3. I can stay up all day and night without feeling sleepy.
A. Strongly agree C. Disagree
B. Agree D. Strongly disagree

_____ 4. I can eat food without any preferences.

A. Strongly agree C. Disagree
B. Agree D. Strongly disagree

______5. I can bark like a dog or hisses like a cat.

A. Strongly agree C. Disagree
B. Agree D. Strongly disagree
Enumerate your understanding of the embodiment of the soul of Aristotle.
1. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

I realized that…….
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Aristotle's account on the Embodiment of Soul claims that
a. Body and soul are inseparable
b. Body and soul are composite of the human person
c. Both A and B
d. None of the Above

2. "Soul is the form that animates the matter." This statement is TRUE
to say that:
a. All living beings have the soul
b. Soul of all beings are the same
c. Souls are unified to all bodies
 d. There is no distinction among souls of all beings

3. For Plato, Human soul has parts: appetitive, spiritual and

_____________ souls.
a. formal
b. immaterial
c. material
d. rational

4. The following are the faculties or capabilities of a human, EXCEPT

a. Grow
b. Immortalize
c. Reproduce
d. Sense

5. When we refuse to steal food that is not ours, then what is the best
explanation to conclude in the light of Plato's kind of souls?
a. that our appetitive soul helps us overcome our greediness
b. that our rational soul directs us to what is right
c. that our sensitive soul makes us susceptible to steal
d. that our spiritual soul helps us desire what is right
 5. A 5. B
4. A 4. B
3. C 3. C
2. D 2. A
1. D 1. C
PRETEST POSTTEST

References
C. Ramos. 2016. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person.
Manila. Rex Book Store Inc.