Web and Mobile based Traffic Management system

WEB AND MOBILE BASED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM IN DEBRE MARKOS CITY
A PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED BY
NAME ID NUMBER

1. Natnael Negussie……………………. Ter/1409/08

2. Kassawmar Ayalew………………… Ter/1408/08
3. Eyob Engidaw……………………… Ter/1400/08
4. Nigusu Mekuanint ……………….... Ter/1423/08
5. Dagnachew Belayhun…………….... Ter/1394/08
In partial fulfillment for the Award of the Degree Of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Under the guidance of:

Nigussie Abate (Msc)
--------------------------------------

ADVISOR SIGNATURE

SOFTWARE ENGINEERIN ACADAMIC PROGRAM

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING

DEBRE MARKOS UNIVERSITY

DEBRE MARKOS

JUNE 2019
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APPROVAL OF ADVISOR AND EXAMINERS

This project has been submitted for examination with as

Approval as Project Advisor

Advisor Name Nigussie abate Signature _____

Name Id Number Signature

1. Natnael Negussie……………………Ter/1409/08
2. Kasawmar Ayalew………………...Ter/1408/08
3. Eyob Engidaw ……………. ...Ter/1400/08
4. Nigusu Mekuanint ……………. …. Ter/1423/08
5. Dagnachew Belayhun………. ……Ter/1394/08

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Acknowledgment

First, we would like to thank GOD for helping us through this project. Secondly, we would like
to express our deepest gratitude to our advisor Nigussie Abate for his great contribution
guidance, support and gives us continuous initiation and encouragement from the begging up to
the end of the project. Next, we would like to thank Debremarkos city Traffic management
offices for giving the required information for us. In addition to this we would like tanks for our
classmate students for sharing their knowledge and different idea and gives us suggestions and
comments to correct this project. Finally, we would like thanks for our family for helped by
allocating the budget for us to complete this project.

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Abstract
The project is targeted at developing fully functional and highly interactive web and mobile-
based traffic management system for Debremarkos Town. The finding and analysis of the project
is greatly expected to be essential driving power to address the current problems encountered in
using a manual system to provide its service, and in order to reduce human labor, time
consumption as well as improving the quality, speed, accuracy and effectiveness of service in
information sharing. In designing the new proposed system, all the relevant data collection
techniques, tools, models which used in object-oriented development environment are applied
with estimated work plan and cost. After determining requirement specifications then the system
is designed in accordance with specifications to satisfy the requirements and then implement
with MY Structured Query Language (MySQL), Hypertext Pre-Processor (PHP) and Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML), Extensible markup Language (XML) and mobile programming
language. The proposed system is designed to be an interactive, comfortable in management of
the system and will provide integrated services. This system will help for the employee of
Debremarkos town traffic police station to communicate and access their data easily and for
customers of the organization. In general, the system will enable the transactions to be easy,
faster and efficient.

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Contents
1 CHAPTER ONE ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Background ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Statements of the problem............................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Objective of the Project................................................................................................................. 4
1.4.1 General Objective ................................................................................................................. 4
1.4.2 Specific Objective ................................................................................................................. 4
1.5 Scope of the project ...................................................................................................................... 4
1.6 Significance of the project ............................................................................................................ 5
1.7 System Requirement ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.7.1 Hardware Requirement ......................................................................................................... 7
1.7.2 Software Requirement........................................................................................................... 7
1.7.3 Programming language Tool ................................................................................................. 8
1.8 Data Collection Methodologies .................................................................................................. 10
1.8.1 Data Collection ................................................................................................................... 10
1.9 Feasibility Study ......................................................................................................................... 11
1.9.1 Economic Feasibility........................................................................................................... 11
1.9.2 Operational feasibility: ........................................................................................................ 12
1.9.3 Technical Feasibility ........................................................................................................... 13
1.9.4 Legal Feasibility.................................................................................................................. 13
2 System Analysis .................................................................................................................... 14
2.1 Overview of the Existing System................................................................................................ 14
2.1.1 Users of the Existing System .............................................................................................. 15
2.2 Over view of proposed system .................................................................................................... 16
2.3 System requirement specification ............................................................................................... 16
2.3.1 Functional Requirements .................................................................................................... 17
2.3.2 Non-Functional Requirement .............................................................................................. 18
2.3.3 Business Rules .................................................................................................................... 19
2.4 System Requirement Analysis .................................................................................................... 20
2.4.1 Actor and Use Case Identification ...................................................................................... 20
2.4.2 Use case diagram ................................................................................................................ 24
2.4.3 Use case Description ........................................................................................................... 25
2.4.4 Sequence diagram ............................................................................................................... 28

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2.4.5 Activity diagram ................................................................................................................. 31

2.4.6 Analysis class Diagram ....................................................................................................... 33
CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 36
3 SYSTEM DESIGN ................................................................................................................ 36
3.1 Design Class Diagram................................................................................................................. 36
3.2 Database Design /Physical Data Model ...................................................................................... 38
3.3 System Architecture (Deployment Diagram).............................................................................. 39
3.3.1 Deployment Diagram .......................................................................................................... 39
3.4 User Interface Design.................................................................................................................. 41
4 IMPLEMENTATION ........................................................................................................... 48
4.1 Over view of the programming language used ........................................................................... 48
4.2 Sample codes .............................................................................................................................. 50
CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 62
5 TESTING............................................................................................................................... 62
CHAPTER SIX ............................................................................................................................. 64
6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 64
6.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 64
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................... 66
References ..................................................................................................................................... 67

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List of tables
Table 1 use case description for traffic police ............................................................................................ 24
Table 2 use case description for login ......................................................................................................... 26
Table 3 use case description for register accident....................................................................................... 27
Table 4 use case description for post news ................................................................................................. 27
Table 5 Use case description for create account ......................................................................................... 28

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List of figures
Figure 1 Development Cost ........................................................................................................................ 12
Figure 2 benefit of cost ............................................................................................................................... 12
Figure 3 work flow structure for Traffic Management system ................................................................... 15
Figure 4 use case diagram of web based and mobile app for Traffic Management System ....................... 25
Figure 5 sequence diagram for login........................................................................................................... 29
Figure 6 sequence diagram for user registration ......................................................................................... 30
Figure 7 sequence diagram for accident registration .................................................................................. 30
Figure 8 activity diagram for login ............................................................................................................. 32
Figure 9 activity diagram for create account .............................................................................................. 32
Figure 10 activity diagram for notify .......................................................................................................... 33
Figure 11 class diagram for traffic management system ............................................................................ 35
Figure 12 Design Class Diagram for TMS ................................................................................................. 37
Figure 13 user account table for TMS ........................................................................................................ 38
Figure 14 accident table for TMS ............................................................................................................... 38
Figure 15 vehicle table for TMS ................................................................................................................. 39
Figure 16 new user table for TMS .............................................................................................................. 39
Figure17 Deployment Diagram for Traffic Management system ............................................................... 40
Figure 18 Login page .................................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 19 login page for web ...................................................................................................................... 42
Figure 20 Public page in android ................................................................................................................ 43
Figure 21 Traffic police page for android ................................................................................................... 44
Figure 22 traffic police page in web ........................................................................................................... 45
Figure 23 dispatcher page in web ............................................................................................................... 46
Figure 24 Administrator Page ..................................................................................................................... 47

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List of Acronym and Abbreviations

BR…………………………………………Business Rule

CD……………………………………………. Compact Disk

CSS………………………………………………. Cascading Style Sheet

d_license…………………………………………. driver license

GB……………………………………………. Giga Byte

HTML………………………………………. Hyper Text Markup Language

HZ …………………………………………… hertz

f_officer………………………………………. finance officer

JDK……………………………………………. Java Development Kit

JSON……………………………………………Java script object Notation

MB……………………………………………. Mega byte

PHP……………………………………………. Hypertext Preprocessor

RAM…………………………………………. Random Access Memory

SDK……………………………………………. Software development Kit

TMS………………………………………. …. Traffic Management system

UC………………………………………………Use case

UML……………………………………………Unified Modeling Language

V_plate……………………………………………. vehicle plate number

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WAMP………………………………………. Windows apache MYSQL PHP

XML……………………………………………extensible Markup Language

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1 CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
As the number of vehicles is increasing on road the load on traffic police officers is increasing in
a day to day. Their work has increased. Along with increase in number of vehicles, the related
problems have started to rise which includes violation of rules, identifying the vehicle owner etc.
As the number of rule violation increase, the fine collection also increases. These records are
collected manually and filled into the receipt book. There is no reliable system to collect and store
this information. This proposed system aims to tackle problem of maintaining data- in an efficient
manner. It aims to replace the traditional ways managing system with digital records. The current
system has many drawbacks. It is paper-pen based system. The traffic police officers have to carry
the receipt book to register the complaints.

Our system solves the problems of traditional manual system of traffic management system. This
proposed system provides register and report accident by traffic police and send to dispatcher.
Every one that registered to the system as public and traffic police can nominate and check vehicle.

This system implemented both web and mobile application. The whole activities are implemented
fully in php some activities done in mobile programming language. We made activities in mobile
programming that have mobile feature and easily write by mobile like send and view message,
send nomination, register accident, check vehicle plate number, check driver license, send and
view notification, send and view complain or feedback and update accounts.

Generally, this system plays great role to manage every activity that occurs on the traffic case in
Ethiopia specially in DebereMarkos city.

1.2 Background
Now a day the development of a country is analyzed and measured from different perspectives.
This includes the living standard and living atmosphere of peoples and their properties in peaceful
and clear from danger. This is done by traffic management station workers such as dispatcher,
field officer, peoples and accident management system as a whole. The institution of accident

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management station is standing for people’s wellness, peaceful living, and security and to protect
their property from danger.

Debre Markos town is one of the cities of East Gojam. The town has different institutions to serve
the public need of the serving society. So, the town needs to have Web Based and Mobile
Application for Traffic management system.

Debre Markos town police station is the institutions of traffic accident management station that
was established long years ago to give service and protect Debre Markos town peoples, and their
property from accident and damage.

The stations are responsible for receiving the accident sound and having quick response to the
received accident sound and storing the nature of the accident, the location details, the sequence
of the accident, information on victims.

Basically, there is no computerized Traffic police station in the town, the police station that give
this service use manual way of information gathering and documenting or recording data about the
accident and the technique of response or generate reports to the accident, no reliable
communication between different stations, as well as there is no optimized service.

Some of accidents natural/man-made are traffic accident, fire accident, killing or murder, flood,
electric current accident, earth quake, harassment, etc. But we are mainly initiated to develop web
based mobile application for Traffic management system.
The technology which surrounds almost everyone in the modern society, affects both work and
leisure activities. It influences minds in good and bad ways, and it allows people to share
information which they would otherwise not be able to attain. It also gives another form of
communication and exchange of information which was not available before. One of the best
innovations in technology is mobile phones. It is a wireless handheld device that allows users to
make and receive calls and to send text messages. The earliest generation of mobile phone could
only make and receive calls. Today’s mobile phones are packed with many additional features
such as web browsers, games, cameras, video players etc. Mobile phones are common now and
every person seems to have one.

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Mobile phones have many operating systems such as android operating system, iOS and window
phone operating system. From this will see android operating system. Android is a mobile
operating system (OS) currently developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and designed
primarily for touch screen mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets.

1.3 Statements of the problem

Currently, most traffic management system in our country is done with manual record keeping,
traditional information sharing and implementing of tasks. In Debre Markos town Traffic
management system is done in manual system.

Relating to this manual working process, the system faces many problems.

Some of the problems identified to be addressed by our study in the existing system are:

➢ The traffic police cannot know if the driver is the first time or done the fouls before this.
➢ The traffic police officer cannot easily check weather the driver's license is valid or not
➢ People cannot make a flagellation/nomination
➢ The traffic police cannot know if the car is done a foul or not
➢ The people cannot know if the car is done a foul or not
➢ The people and traffic policemen can’t know the position of the car. if the car is done
foul/mistake
➢ The record can be thrown out.
➢ Low data handling and security,
➢ Traffic police must report the incident directly to the administrator
➢ Difficult to handle when drivers make fault and escape and change his work area
➢ The lack of communication and exchange of information as much as possible at the
fastest growing sites and defenders.
➢ Time duration
➢ When the people point out
➢ When Duration of the Traffic Police Report
➢ Previously registered information about an accident history is difficult to obtain.

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1.4 Objective of the Project

1.4.1 General Objective

The main objective of the project is to develop web based and mobile app for Traffic Management
System for Debre Markos Town.

1.4.2 Specific Objective

In order to fulfill the general objectives, we need to accomplish the following specific objectives.

✓ To send notification for all public and Traffic police

✓ To nominate any information about the action takers

✓ To broadcasting traffic-based news

✓ To check driver license

✓ To check the vehicles using plate number done foul or not

✓ To report information

✓ To check the driver crime whether the first time or not by using his license number

✓ To send warning messages to driver

✓ To view warning messages

✓ To generate billing payment of driver

1.5 Scope of the project

Scope of project is a boundary or a portion that the project will cover or capacity of the system to
give service for customer.

Basically, there are numbers of traffic management center, but our study is limited only on Debre
Markos Town Traffic management.
The scopes of the proposed system are:

❖ Traffic police and public nominate any information about the action takers
❖ Dispatcher send notification of serous issue to public
❖ Dispatcher send notification of serous issue for traffic police and public

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❖ Dispatcher broadcasting news about traffic case

❖ Traffic police check the vehicles either foul or not using number plate

❖ public check the vehicles either legal or not using number plate

❖ Any users and public report any information related with traffic accident

❖ Traffic police check the driver crime whether the first time or not by using his license
number

❖ Dispatcher can send warning message and also driver accept warning messages

❖ Traffic police check the driver’s crime case whether it is for the first time or done
previously

1.6 Significance of the project

The finding and analysis of the project is great expected to be essential driving power towards the
traffic management service in order to reduce human labor and time consumption as well as
improving the quality, speed, accuracy and effectiveness of service in information sharing. A web-
based and Mobile application traffic management system, which uses to capture events, evaluate
incidents, then assign to the appropriate personnel for further investigation, tracking and
resolution. The system facilitates wider access of information and services to customers, smooth
progress of wider administration of information product and services. The project has great
importance for the following beneficiaries.

For the users:

The new proposed system has the following significances: -

✓ Enables public to follow up their traffic issue

✓ The society can get full traffic information at every place and time.

✓ Save the time of public, driver and traffic police

✓ Reduce the cost of society and driver

✓ It reduces the stress of admin as well as the record professional.

✓ Search facility, quick transaction

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✓ It will be accurate, easy to use and efficient to detect accident records and share
information.

✓ In terms of security and file handling ways, it will highly efficient

✓ Fast access to accidents detail

✓ More storage capacity

✓ Concurrent access by multiple users

✓ Reducing data inconsistency

✓ It reduces data redundancy.

✓ The traffic police can easily know if the driver is the first time or repeatedly for done the
fouls
✓ The traffic police officer can easily know if the driver's license is valid or not
✓ People can make a flagellation/nomination
✓ The traffic police can know if the car is done a foul or not
✓ The people can know if the car is done a foul or not
✓ The people and traffic policemen can know the position of the car. if the car is done
foul/mistake
✓ Previously registered information about an accident history is easily to obtain.
✓ The communication and exchange of information as much as possible at the fastest
growing sites and defenders.
✓ Reduce time duration
✓ When the people point out/nomination
✓ When Duration of the Traffic Police Report

For developers:

The project team acquire the following advantages: -

➢ Developers get knowledge on the structure and working of the system

➢ Good experience on how to develop such types of projects and solving of problems.

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➢ Moral satisfaction, when the real-world Traffic management problems is feasibly

addressed and solved.

➢ Develop team work experience.

➢ Save the life of society.

1.7 System Requirement

System requirements are the hardware and software components of a computer system that are
required to do the proposed system and simply identify tools and methodology.

1.7.1 Hardware Requirement

Hardware requirements are the touchable and visible components that are necessary to develop a
system.

➢ Computer: To do different activity or applications.

➢ Flash disk: To store data. The data in the computer may be lost because of different
cases and to take available data from different sources.
➢ CD: To store data and take back up.
➢ Pen and Paper: To design the system before typing on the computer
➢ Mobile: for idea exchanging and as emulator.

1.7.2 Software Requirement

The software requirements are the instructional components used to develop a system. Software
requirement to develop system are as follows:

❖ WampServer: includes MYSQL, apache, PHP and Windows.

❖ Microsoft office word 2013: For writing documentation
❖ Microsoft PowerPoint 2013: For presentation
❖ Window 10: An operating system
❖ Editor: php storm, Android studio
❖ Edraw Max version 7.9: For drawing different UML diagrams.
❖ Browser: -chrome, Firefox, opera, Internet explorer used to run the program and
get information related to traffic management.

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❖ JDK for the whole java environment

❖ Android SDK used for the android application platform

1.7.3 Programming language Tool

In our developing a system use different programming language. For this system used Android,
php, XML CSS, BOOTSTRAP and JSON.

Front End Programming: We use Mobile programming, CSS, HTML, Bootstrap as a front-end
programming.

Reason to be choose Android Programming Language:

✓ Easy Adoption: - Android applications are scripted in Java language with the help of a
rich set of libraries. Anyone can build Android applications with the knowledge of Java .
✓ Multiple Sales Channels: - Unlike other mobile platforms, Android app development
Services can be deployed in different ways.
✓ Easy to Integrate: -because most of the platforms allow background processes helping
you to integrate the apps.
✓ Open Source: - The architecture of the Android SDK is open-source which means you
can actually interact with the community.
✓ Low Investment: - Android provides freely its Software Development Kit (SDK) to the
developer community which minimizes the development and licensing costs.
Reason to be choose CSS, HTML, Bootstrap:
Reason to be choose Bootstrap:
➢ Responsiveness
➢ Consistency
➢ Customizable
➢ Support
Reason to choose JavaScript:
➢ Client-Side execution: No matter where you host JavaScript, execute always on client
environment to save a bandwidth and make execution process fast.

➢ User Interface Interactivity: JavaScript used to fill web page data dynamically such as
drop-down list for a Country and State. Base on selected Country, State drop down list

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dynamically filled. Another one is Form validation, missing/incorrect fields you can alert
to a user’s using alert box.

➢ Rapid Development: JavaScript syntaxes are easy and flexible for the developers.
JavaScript small bit of code you can test easily on Console Panel (inside Developer
Tools) at a time browser interpret return output result. In-short easy language to get pick
up in development.

➢ Browser Compatible: The biggest advantages to a JavaScript having an ability to

support all modern browser and produce the same result.

➢ Make XMLHttpRequest () object: XMLHttpRequest is special JavaScript object that

was designed by Microsoft. XMLHttpRequest object call as an asynchronous HTTP
request to the Server for transferring data both side without reloading the page.

Back end Programming: We use php and JSON as back-end programming.

Reason to be choose PHP:

Easy: - This server-side scripting language is extremely easy to learn, as compared to other
languages. Access to support: - As PHP is being used by a huge number of people, a large
community is formed. So, you need not worry if you get stuck somewhere. You will easily get
the support from them.

Platform independent: - Whether it is Windows, MacOS, Linux or UNIX; it supports all the
major web browsers.

Supports all servers: - PHP also supports all the major web servers; be it Apache or Microsoft
IIS. It also supports Netscape and personal web server.

Speedy: - PHP uses its own memory, so the workload of the server and loading time gets
reduced automatically, which results into the faster processing speed.

Secured: - it has got a security layer to protect against viruses and threats.

Reason to be choose JSON:

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✓ JSON is Faster: JSON syntax is very easy to use. We have to use only -> as a
syntax which provides us an easy parsing of the data and faster execution of the
data. Since its syntax is very small and light weighted that’s the reason that it
executes the response in the faster way.
✓ Server Parsing: On the server-side parsing is the important part that developers want if
the parsing will be fast on the server side then the only user can get the fast response of
their response so in this case JSON server-side parsing is the strong point that indicates
us to use the JSON on the server side.
✓ Tool for sharing data: JSON stores the data in the arrays so data transfer makes
easier. For this reason, JSON is a superior file format for web APIs and for web
development etc.

1.8 Data Collection Methodologies

1.8.1 Data Collection

➢ Interviewing: to understand briefly which problems are available in the current system,
important questions raised while interviewing. We are interviewed with several
stockholders such as traffic management Dispatcher, Traffic Police. They side that the
current system is working hardly to manage traffic management, but due to the reason of
manual style or non-computerized way of working, there are many problems like file lost,
hard to retrieve the document and soon.
➢ Observation: In our observation process we have tried to investigate the information by
making our selves participant in the process and observation also help us to relate
information obtained from interviewee by looking to the reality of the Traffic
management’s current management system and working process from Debre Markos
traffic Administrative office. In existing system, we observed directly many problems such
as; the customers are wasted the time by keeping the order of service to report and get
service, when record officer search file it takes more times. So, we must solve this and
similar problems of existing system.
➢ Document Analysis: The project team have looked and referred at available relevant
literature to obtain facts and data regarding to the specific subject matter of Traffic
Management System. We have read written document that the office manager gives us

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like, forms, reports, general working overview descriptor documents (working

guidelines) and online documents. We have read document about rule and regulation of
traffic based

1.9 Feasibility Study

Feasibility study is made to see if the project on completion will serve the purpose of the
organization for the amount of work, effort and the time that spend on it. It lets the developer
predict the future of the project and the usefulness.

We do feasibility study from different perspectives. We can see from its technical, operational,
economical and legal points of view.

1.9.1 Economic Feasibility

The system which we have developed is economically feasible. It is financially affordable. And
have economic benefit. The costs that we used to develop this project are lower than the cost that
will cost to the customer after it is developed. Since computer devices, and different materials
are available, there is no more cost to develop our system.

We can see the economic feasibility into:

Tangible benefits such as:
➢ improving response time
➢ Cost Reduction
➢ increase the income of the organization
The system has intangible benefits such as:
➢ increase accuracy
➢ Increase Security
➢ Reliability and trust.
✓ Development costs – in this new system we have cost during developing system bellow.

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Figure 1 Development Cost

✓ Operating costs - costs that recur throughout the lifetime of the system.

• Fixed costs: -14370

• Contingency costs — 4000

✓ Benefit of Cost: At the end of the project the whole can save money by using this
system.

Figure 2 benefit of cost

1.9.2 Operational feasibility:

The system which we developed is operationally feasible. Because in the existing system
there are many problems to attain its objective; and organization is willing to find solution to
these problems. So, our project is best solution to solve these all problems. It works well all
the user requirements in the traffic management system. This system is web-based system
and mobile application for Traffic management system in Debremarkos city. So, it attains its
desired objectives. It will solve the problems in this system; therefore, it will minimize the
amount of effort to do all through manually. And it performs the basic functionalities that
planned to use.

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After we develop the system, Network infrastructure in the institution is available, so staff
members can operate all requirements as they went. Not only network infrastructure, the cost
of organization incurred to perform service is also reduced. Therefore, our system is
operationally feasible.

1.9.3 Technical Feasibility

The system which we developed will be technically feasible. The system is technically
feasible since the teams can develop it easily by using simple programming languages and
software’s like: html, JavaScript, MySQL, Android studio. Because we have familiar
knowledge about those. These languages are simple, open source and already known, so the
team can develop the system easily. We expect that, the system can be operated in simple
way and all users can access easily by giving simple training for them. Because most
customers are familiar with mobile device, it doesn’t require any technical expertise.

The system can also handle error easily because the programming language that we use is
capability to handle errors. Not only error handler, but they are also platform independent
because of they are object oriented. So, our system can run in any operating system (OS).

1.9.4 Legal Feasibility

This section concerns if the proposed project would have any legal implications for the
organization due to government regulation or software license agreements and ensuring that there
are no people that are going to be affected by the system to be developed.

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CHAPTER TWO

2 System Analysis
This section deals with analyzing the general work flow and its major players or participants of
the existing system. It produces a broad outline of the system that identifies the function to be
performed and the technical aspect that the system must fulfill and briefly describes the existing
system functionality, problem of the existing system. It also deals the functional and non-
functional requirements of the proposed system. The business rule is also identified here.

2.1 Overview of the Existing System

The existing system of Debremarkos city traffic management system is manual system of
operation. The current system performs basic task like, recording and documenting all necessary
information, generate report about accident, allocating resource and detect the accident and share
these records etc. among stations and society manually. If they want to update these files and
records, the searching activity is very tedious and boring. The format of files recorded is not
consistent and in multiple file format.

Different activities are performed manually as follow: If Customers need to enter new case first,
they consider the rule and regulation of the system. First, customers allow to officer to enter traffic
office and if officer allowed, then enter office and thought their problems to officer. Record officer
write the case in paper and send to administrator. Administrator decide the case.

If driver make fault and escape at that time and change his work area then traffic administrator
calls any station to catch foul driver by sending complete information about driver.

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When accident occurs in specific place, the people inform it for the police located around. Then
these police report it’s for the admin in the main station. The admin checks the availability of
resources and then assigns accident controlling team.

Figure 3 work flow structure for Traffic Management system

2.1.1 Users of the Existing System

Users are external entities that interact with the system. Users which have involved in the
existing system were:

➢ System administrator
➢ Traffic police
➢ Public or society
➢ Driver
➢ Dispatcher
➢ Finance officer

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2.2 Over view of proposed system

The proposed system addresses the problems of the existing system by changing it into
automated. The system will be more interactive to traffic police, individual users and dispatcher
as it will provides graphical user interface, help menu etc. The system enables users to give any
comment, feedback, upgrade their knowledge/awareness. System users can accomplish their
issue online, this allows the customer to save his/her travel cost, time spends to get service etc.
The system also prevent data lose by preventing outsiders using authentication i.e. Using
password, authorization using access/access privilege control mechanism. In the proposed
system every traffic case problems detail is recorded and registered in the database. So, the
dispatcher/any user can simply access and can communicate without any manual barrier with
his/her access privilege. It will also enable to prepare accurate and prompt report as it is web
based and mobile application of Traffic Management system. After implementing the designed
system each sub-stations and individuals can report the accidents, send/communicate necessary
information or requests through the internet with the organization.

Generally, the new system will eliminate/reduce problems related to time accuracy, speed,
security, and complexity in information sharing among distributed stations. The proposed system
will enable to retrieve, insert, delete and modify needed information simply for the admin. It
includes an attractive user interface that facilitates fast access to the database and register
accidental detail easily.

2.3 System requirement specification

In this section we have kept the basic understanding of the requirements and dependencies of the
current system prior to any actual design or deployment work.

A well-designed, well-written system specific requirement accomplishes four major goals:

➢ It provides feedback to the system. A system specific requirement is the customer's

assurance that we have understood the issues or problems to be solved and the software
behavior necessary to address those problems.
➢ It decomposes the problem into component parts. The simple act of writing down
software requirements in a well-designed format organizes information, places borders

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around the problem, solidifies ideas, and helps break down the problem into its
component parts in an orderly fashion.
➢ It serves as an input to the design specification. The system specific requirement serves
as the parent document to subsequent documents, such as the software design
specification and statement of work. Therefore, the system specific requirement must
contain sufficient detail in the functional system requirements so that a design solution
can be devised.
➢ It serves as a product validation check. The system specific requirement also serves as the
parent document for testing and validation strategies that will be applied to the
requirements for verification.

2.3.1 Functional Requirements

Functional requirements are the intended behaviors of the system. This behavior may be
expressed as services, tasks or functions that the system is required to perform. The system will
be used to manage and process data according to the rule & regulations of the center. It will also
provide report generation facilities. The system provides the following functionality.

✓ Enables to register traffic police, finance officer, driver, public, admin and dispatcher,
✓ Enables to view traffic police, finance officer, driver, public, admin and dispatcher,
✓ Enables to user can create account
✓ send notification for all user

✓ Enables to nominate any information about the action takers

✓ Enables to post traffic-based news

✓ Enables to check driver license valid or not

✓ Enables to check the vehicles using plate number done foul or not

✓ Enables to report information

✓ Enables to check the driver crime whether the first time or not by using his license number

✓ Enables to send warning messages to driver

✓ Enables to view warning messages

✓ Enables to generate billing payment of driver

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2.3.2 Non-Functional Requirement

A non-functional requirement is a requirement that specifies criteria that can be used to judge the
operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors. It defines how a system is supposed to be.
Non-functional requirements are often called qualities of a system.

➢ Security: Security requirements are important factors in this system as classified data
will be stored in the database. User validation done during login to ensure that the user is
valid and that the user only has access to his/her permitted data.

In order to keep data security, we have to design the system in such a way that, only important
feature must be available in customers page. The database operations must be performed on
server computer. And backup and recovery are also very important concept.

➢ Extensibility: web and mobile -based traffic management system might be easily
extensible to add new features at a later stage. To make the system extensible the
software development approach is main issue. In our case we used Incremental model,
which supports the system to be extensible.

The programming language is also another consideration to support extensibility of system.

Since unlike other languages, PHP is dynamic (i.e. it can be easily changed as Programmers
want.). Since we used PHP, we can make system extendible.

➢ User friendly interface: The system will have consistent interface formats and button
sets for all forms in the application. It will be user friendly if we format the user interface
more appropriately.

When we use php programming language we can make the system user-friendly. Since php
language uses different templates like bootstrap, jQuery etc. In each user action we can add
different glyph icons, which describes the user action.

➢ Response time: In order to meet client’s satisfaction, the system use a fast internet to
perform the required transaction in few second response time and with maximum
throughput.

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We can make the system with short response time by using server computer with high processor.
When we use server with maximum RAM the response time will be short.

➢ Portability: the system that we propose should be accessed at any platform. So, we will
develop the system by php programming and mobile programming so as to access in any
operating system, since php programming language is platform independent.

➢ Maintenance: Our system should be easily modifiable to make changes to the features
and functionalities. By documenting our documentation carefully, we can make our
system maintainable.

To make our system maintainable the software development approach is also another factor to
measure maintainability. So, by using incremental development method we can make our system
more maintainable.

2.3.3 Business Rules

A business rule is effectively and working principle or polices that we try to specify for both the
existing system and the new system must satisfy. The business rule is a principle or a policy in
which the proposed system works accordingly. It deals with access control issues.

Some of the business rules of this system is:

BR1: any police must report daily traffic accident to the dispatcher or administrator effectively.

BR2: society or public should send crime report that clearly identify when the accident is
occurred and attach crime information the crime to traffic police or administrator.

BR3: Only appropriately licensed and authorized personnel allowed operating the vehicle.

BR5: any vehicles must have identification number; the identification numbers of vehicles are
combination of numbers and letters which the appropriate organ shall assign to a vehicle upon
certification of its title;

BR6: Ensure seatbelts are worn at all times when in a vehicle.

BR7: Every customer must have an account in order to get service

BR8: Traffic police and driver must register by system administrator

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BR9: every customer logged before use the system

BR10: every driver is enforced to drive in appropriate speed limit.

BR11: Implement a rule to keep gap to the left for person on foot.

BR12: Drivers must wait pedestrian crossing road at zebra lines and make their use mandatory.

2.4 System Requirement Analysis

System requirement analysis is an integral part of information systems design and is critical to
the success of interactive systems. It is now widely understood that successful systems and
products begin with an understanding of the needs and requirements of the users.

2.4.1 Actor and Use Case Identification

Actor Identification: Actors represent external and internal entities that interact with the
system. An actor can be human, external and internal system. And it’s a type of role played by an
entity that interacts with the system. The main actors that involved in this system is listed below:

➢ System administrator: System administrator is person responsible at the management of the

system who can manage the accounts of the Traffic Police, users, create, delete and update
account. He/she is responsible to confirm the data of the field officer.
➢ Traffic police: is an entity which is responsible to register accident and send detail to the
administrator.
➢ Public or society: user is an individual who interact with the system by any means.
➢ Driver: is an entity who interacts with the system like pay penalty, view message coming
from dispatcher
➢ Dispatcher: an entity who interacts with the system by sending notification, message and
other activity.
➢ Finance officer: an entity who interacts with the system by approving penalty payment and
sending penalty result to dispatcher and traffic police and other activity.
➢ Generally:
The following use cases have been identified from the system specification that each actor
performs its activities
Admin:

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✓ Register
➢ Vehicle
➢ Traffic police
➢ Driver
➢ Finance officer
➢ Dispatcher

✓ View
➢ Vehicle
➢ Traffic police
➢ Driver
➢ Finance officer
➢ Dispatcher

Dispatcher

✓ View
➢ Vehicle
➢ Traffic police
➢ Driver
➢ Report
➢ Location
➢ Complaints or feedback
➢ Nomination
➢ Finance officer
➢ Admin
➢ Fine
✓ Send
➢ News
➢ Notification
➢ message

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✓ Mange account
➢ Update Account
➢ Create account

Traffic Police

✓ Check Vehicles number Plate

✓ Create Account
✓ Update account (only his or her account)
✓ Check Driver license
✓ View
➢ Notification
➢ News
➢ Fine
✓ Register
➢ Accident
✓ Send
➢ Report
➢ Nomination
➢ Complaints or feedback

Driver

✓ Accept Warning message

✓ View News
✓ Fine
✓ Create Account
➢ Update account (only his or her account)

Public

✓ View
➢ Notification
➢ View News
✓ Send

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➢ Nomination
✓ Check Vehicles number Plate

✓ Use case Identification: Use case is interactions between actor and a system, to achieve
a goal. Derive from the scenarios that completely represent the future system. This is
primarily done in the form of a scenario that describes a sequence of steps.
Some of use case is listed below:
No. Use cases name ID Include

1. Login UC1
2. Register Accident UC2 UC1
3. Nomination UC3 UC1
4. send report UC4 UC1
5. Manage account (update UC5 UC1
and create)
6. View notification UC6 UC1
7. post news UC7 UC1
8. View news UC8 UC1
9. Check vehicle number- UC9 UC1
plate
10. Create account UC10 UC1
11. Send Notification UC11 UC1
12. Send warning UC12 UC1
13. Accept warning UC13 UC1
14. Register traffic police UC14
15. View traffic police UC15 UC1
16. Register vehicles UC16
17. View vehicles UC17 UC1
18. Send complaints or UC18 UC1
feedback

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19. View complaints or UC19 UC1

feedback
20. Logout UC20 UC1
21. Check d_ license UC22 UC1
22. Register driver UC23 UC1
23. View driver UC24 UC1
24. Register dispatcher UC25 UC1
25. View dispatcher UC26 UC1
26. Register f_officer UC27 UC1
27. View f_officer UC28 UC1
28. View fee UC30 UC1
29. Regi accident UC31 UC1
30. pay fee UC32 UC1
Table 1 use case description for traffic police

2.4.2 Use case diagram

Identifying the activities that mainly performed on the proposed system is the basic thing in
modeling a new system. Use case diagrams graphically describe system behavior (use cases).
These diagrams present a high-level view of how the system is used as viewed from an outsider’s
(actor’s) perspective. From the identified use cases and actors, the use case diagram of the system
is shown below.
A use case diagram contains four components.
Boundary: -which defines the system of interest in relation to the world around it.
Actors: -usually individuals involved with the system defined according to their roles.
Use cases: -which the specific roles are played by the actors within and around the system.
The relationships between the actors and the Use cases shown below.

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Figure 4 use case diagram of web based and mobile app for Traffic Management System

2.4.3 Use case Description

Describing each use case process helps to clarify the concept of the use case.

Use case name Login

Identifier UC1
Help Users to login into the system by their user name and
Description
password.
Participate actor Admin, traffic police, driver and finance officer and
Dispatcher

Pre-condition Users must have an account before use it

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Post condition The authenticated user can be able to login into the system.

Basic course of action User action System response

1.User opens the system 2. The system display login

form.
3. User fills user name and
password and then click login 4. The system validates the
button. entered information

6. Use case ends. 5. if password and username

match User’s form displayed

Alternative course of action If invalid “username or password” is provided, the system displays
error message and the process resume from step 3 above

Table 2 use case description for login

Use case name Register accident

Use case number UC2

Participation actor Traffic police

Basic course of action User action System response

1.traffic police and public 2.accident register form is

clicks on ‘register accident displayed
button’ on the main menu bar
5.Check the validity of the

3. Fill the data on the provided data inserted

text filed or text area.

6. Check/view accident data

4. click send button found in the c e n t r a l

database.

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Alternative action If you fill Invalid information entry error message will display go to
step 3

Pre –condition Open the activity and login his /her account

post condition The accident will be registered in database

Table 3 use case description for register accident

Use case name Post news

Use case number UC8

Participation actor Dispatcher

Pre-condition Login to the system and open post news on the menu

Basic Course of action User action System response

1. Click on button ‘post’ on 2. The form will display

the dispatcher menu bar
5. Check the validity of the
3. Fill the form data posted

4. Click on Post

Alternative action If you inter Invalid information entry the system provides
error message go to step 3

Post-condition Administrator logout from the system

Special requirement Time out will be considered

Table 4 use case description for post news

Use case name Create account

Use case number UC11
Participate actor Administrator

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Pre- condition Login to the system select user type on the login as menu

Scenario Admin register new traffic police, driver, dispatcher and

finance officer for each station and give identification number and
by using this can update account in his identification number. User
can update his/her account by click “view account” and login to
system in his/her user name and password.

Basic course of action User action System response

1. Click on button ‘create 2. Display the form

account’
5.Check the validity of the data
3. Fill the form inserted

4. click create button 6. file is saved on the database

Alternative course of action If you insert Invalid information entry the system provides error
message go to step 3

Post condition Account will be created.

Table 5 Use case description for create account

2.4.4 Sequence diagram

A UML Sequence diagram showing the sequence of interactions among objects and used to
represent or model the flow of messages, events and actions between the objects or components
of traffic police system. Sequence Diagrams are also used primarily to design, document and
validate the architecture and interfaces of the system by describing the sequence of actions that
need to be performed to complete a task or scenario. The elements we used on sequence
diagrams are: Message (call): A simple message between header elements.

Forward Message

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Return Message: A return message between header elements

Return Message

Figure 5 sequence diagram for login

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Figure 6 sequence diagram for user registration

Figure 7 sequence diagram for accident registration

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2.4.5 Activity diagram

In UML, an activity diagram provides a view of the behavior of a system by describing the
sequence of actions in a process. Activity diagrams are similar to flowcharts because they show
the flow between the actions in an activity; however, activity diagrams can also show parallel or
concurrent flows and alternate flows.

In activity diagrams, you use activity nodes and activity edges to model the flow of control and
data between actions.

The header of the activity frame displays the name of the activity, Activity1, and the body of the
activity frame displays the nodes and edges that describe the activity.

The following topics describe model elements in activity diagrams:

Activities: in UML, activities are container elements that describe the highest level of behavior
in an activity diagram. Activities contain several activity nodes and activity edges that represent
the sequence of tasks in a workflow that result in a behavior.

Actions: in UML, an action represents a discrete unit of functionality in an activity.

Controls: In activity diagrams, a control node is an abstract activity node that coordinates the
flow of control in an activity.

Objects: In activity diagrams, an object node is an abstract activity node that helps to define the
object flow in an activity.

Activity edge: in activity diagrams, an activity edge is a directed connection between two
activity nodes. When a specific action in an activity is complete, the activity edge continues the
flow to the next action in the sequence.

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Figure 8 activity diagram for login

Figure 9 activity diagram for create account

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Figure 10 activity diagram for notify

2.4.6 Analysis class Diagram

Class models are the main study of object-oriented design and analysis. Class model shows the
classes of the system, their interrelationships (including inheritances, aggregation and
association) the operations and the attributes of classes. In this class diagram the team members
try to describe the types of object in the system and the various kinds of static relationships that
exist among them as well as depicted the detailed understanding of problem domain of the
system. These Class diagrams are developed based on the functional requirement.

Show the classes of the system, their inter-relationships, and the operations and attributes of the
classes. Class diagrams are typically used, although not all at once, to:

❖ Analyze requirements in the form of a conceptual/analysis model

❖ Depict the detailed design of object-oriented or object-based software

Class Diagram provides an overview of the target system by describing the objects and classes
inside the system and the relationships between them. It provides a wide variety of usages; from
modeling the domain-specific data structure to detailed design of the target system. With the
share model facilities, you can reuse your class model in the interaction diagram for modeling
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the detailed design of the dynamic behavior. The Form Diagram allows you to generate diagram
automatically with user-defined scope.

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Figure 11 class diagram for traffic management system

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CHAPTER THREE

3 SYSTEM DESIGN
The purpose of design is to determine how the system is going to build and to obtain the
information needed to drive the actual implementation of the system. It focuses on
understanding the model how the software built. System design is the detail investigation
of system elements from logical view. After the determination of the requirements, it is
the design that follows. The design is all about stating the design goals of the system and
subdividing the system into smaller parts to improve the problem in a modular approach.
The output of this phase includes description of each subsystems and the deployment of
the subsystems. To give right service for the right user at the right time on subject of
his/her need make the design properly. The design goals are deriving from the non-
functional requirement, which is the part of the analysis document, and they describe the
quality of the system.

3.1 Design Class Diagram

The class diagram is a static diagram. It represents the static view of an application. Class
diagram is not only used for visualizing, describing and documenting different aspects of a
system but also for constructing executable code of the software application. The class diagram
describes the attributes and operations of a class and the constraints imposed on the system. The
classes diagrams are widely used in the modeling of object-oriented systems because they are the
only UML diagrams, which can be mapped directly with object-oriented languages. The class
diagram shows a collection of classes, interfaces, associations, collaborations and constraints. It
is also known as a structural diagram.

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Figure 12 Design Class Diagram for TMS

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3.2 Database Design /Physical Data Model

A physical database model shows all table structures, including column name, column data type,
column constraints, primary key, foreign key, and relationships between tables. Features of a
physical data model include: Specification all tables and columns. Foreign keys are used to
identify relationships between tables.

Figure 13 user account table for TMS

Figure 14 accident table for TMS

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Figure 15 vehicle table for TMS

Figure 16 new user table for TMS

3.3 System Architecture (Deployment Diagram)

3.3.1 Deployment Diagram

A UML deployment diagram shows static view of the run time configuration of processing
system user and the components that run on system. In other words, deployment diagram shows

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the hardware of our system, the software that to be installing in that hardware. It also shows how
hard ware and software components work together.

Deployment diagrams are made to focus on hardware topology of a system. The purpose of
deployment diagrams can be described as:

✓ Visualize hardware topology of a system.

✓ Describe the hardware components used to deploy software components.
✓ Describe runtime processing nodes. For this project, the project team developed the
following deployment diagrams

Figure17 Deployment Diagram for Traffic Management system

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3.4 User Interface Design

Figure 18 Login page

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Figure 19 login page for web

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Figure 20 Public page in android

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Figure 21 Traffic police page for android

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Figure 22 traffic police page in web

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Figure 23 dispatcher page in web

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Figure 24 Administrator Page

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CHAPTER FOUR

4 IMPLEMENTATION
System implementation is the final stage in software development stage in which the design
is Putting in to coding or real application.

4.1 Over view of the programming language used

This project used PHP server-side programming technology integrated MySQL database and
mobile programming language.
Some Features of php
➢ The code and its syntax are simple to understand
➢ PHP It's quick to develop in PHP
➢ PHP is flexible. It’s available for free
➢ It runs on many different operating system
➢ easy to access other web-based tools through PHP (i.e. Google)
Some features of mobile programming:
✓ Easy Adoption: - Android applications are scripted in Java language with the help of a
rich set of libraries. Anyone can build Android applications with the knowledge of Java .
✓ Multiple Sales Channels: - Unlike other mobile platforms, Android app development
Services can be deployed in different ways.
✓ Easy to Integrate: -because most of the platforms allow background processes helping
you to integrate the apps.
✓ Open Source: - The architecture of the Android SDK is open-source which means you
can actually interact with the community.
✓ Low Investment: - Android provides freely its Software Development Kit (SDK) to the
developer community which minimizes the development and licensing costs.
In general PHP and mobile programming language is a widely-used open source

4.2. Algorithms used

Pseudo code: is a detailed yet readable description of what a computer program or
algorithm must do, expressed in a formally-styled natural language rather than in a
programming language. Pseudo code is sometimes used as a detailed step in the process
of developing a program. It allows designers or lead programmers to express the design

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in great detail and provides programmers a detailed template for the next step of writing
code in a specific programming language.

The purpose of using pseudo code is that it is easier for people to understand than
conventional programming language code, and that it is an efficient and environment-
independent description of the key principles of an algorithm.
We use md5 with encrypt key encryption algorithm.MD5 (technically called MD5 Message-
Digest Algorithm) is a cryptographic hash function

Whose main purpose is to verify that a file has been unaltered?

The MD5 function is a cryptographic algorithm that takes an input of arbitrary length and
produces a message digest that is 128 bits long. The digest is sometimes also called the
"hash" or "Fingerprint" of the input. MD5 is used in many situations where a potentially
long message needs to be processed and/or compared quickly.

Pseud code for login

Fill the Login Form

Click the Login button

If (Form is filled)

If (valid)

Generate SQL select queries

Connect to database

Pass queries to database

If (any query fails)

Display error message

Else
Read session
If session exists on database, user is already logged in, Display the page
Else
If they're correct

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Create session ID

Store session ID on database

Display the page
End if
End if
Else
Display error message
Ask the user to refill the form

4.2 Sample codes

Sample code for login page for web:
<?php
session start();
require 'connection.php';
?>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<style>
.nav {
width: 1096px;
height: 48px;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
background-image: url("images/bbb.jpg");
border-radius:0px;
margin-left:21px;
margin-top:-3px;
}
</style>
<head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

</head>
<body class="nav">
<div class="container">
<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<div class="panel panel-primary">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h4>User Login</h4>

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</div>
<div class="panel panel-body">
<?php
if(isset($_POST["btn_login"])) {
$un = $_POST['un'];
$password = $_POST['pass'];
$pass=md5($password);
$start_time = date("d M Y @ h:i:s");
$_SESSION['$start_time'] = $start_time;
$q = "select * from account where uname='$un' and password='$pass'";
$r = mysqli_query($conn, $q) or die("not feched " . mysqli_error($conn));
$x = mysqli_fetch_assoc($r);
$role = $x['role'];
if ($x) {
$_SESSION['uname'] = $x['uname'];
$_SESSION['roleid']=$x['roleid'];
$_SESSION['role'] = $x['role'];
$id = $x['roleid'];
if ($_SESSION['role'] == "admin")
header("location:" . $ROOT_URL .
"index.php?logedid=$_SESSION[roleid]");
else if ($_SESSION['role'] == "driver")
header("location:" . $ROOT_URL .
"driver/index.php?logedid=$_SESSION[roleid]");
else if ($_SESSION['role'] == "dispatcher")
header("location:" . $ROOT_URL .
"dispatcher/index.php?logedid=$_SESSION[roleid]");
else if ($_SESSION['role'] == "police")
header("location:" . $ROOT_URL .
"traffic_police/index.php?logedid=$_SESSION[roleid]");
else if ($_SESSION['role'] == "finance")
header("location:" . $ROOT_URL .
"finance_officer/index.php?logedid=$_SESSION[roleid]");
}
?>
<div class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-
label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span></button>
Incorrect user name or password. Please try again.
</div>

<?php

}
if (isset($_POST['public']))
header("location:public/index.php");

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?>
<script>

function myFunction() {

var x = document.getElementById("myInput");

if (x.type === "password") {

x.type = "text";

} else {

x.type = "password";

}
}

</script>

<form action="leftlogin.php" method="post">

<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-addon">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span>
</div>
<input type="text" name="un" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter
User Name"/>
</div>
<br/>
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-addon">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-lock"></span>
</div>
<input type="password" name="pass" class="form-control"
placeholder="Enter Password" id="myInput"/>
</div>
<br/>
<div class="form-group">
<button class="btn btn-primary btn-block" type="submit"
name="btn_login">Login</button>
<center><h4 style="color:#336699"> if your role is public click pblic
button</h4></center>
<button class="btn btn-primary btn-block"type="submit"
name="public">Public</button>
<input type="checkbox" onclick="myFunction()">show password
<a href="forgot.php" class="btn-block btn-link col-md-offset-3">Forgot

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password?</a>

</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="bootstrap/js/jquery3.3.1.min.js"></script>

<!-- jQuery CDN -->

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>

<!-- Latest compiled JavaScript -->

<script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

</body>
Sample code for login in android
package com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.util.Log;
import
com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm.Dispatcher.Dispatcher;
import
com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm.Driver.Driver_page;
import com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm.Public.Public;
import
com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm.Trafficpolice.Traffic_Poli
ce;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.sql.Driver;
public class LoginTask extends AsyncTask<String,String, String> {
Context context;

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JSONObject responce = null;

public LoginTask(Context context, JSONObject responce){

this.context = context;
this.responce = responce;
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... credintials) {
HttpURLConnection con = null;
final String URI =
"http://10.129.13.241:80/mobile%20_based_traffic_management_system/index.php";
try {
URL url = new URL(URI);
con = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//add reuqest header
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
con.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "en-US,en;q=0.5");

String urlParameters = "username="+credintials[0]+"&password="+credintials[1];

// Send post request

con.setDoOutput(true);
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
wr.writeBytes(urlParameters);
wr.flush();
wr.close();
int responseCode = con.getResponseCode();
Log.i("Login request: ", responseCode + "responce code");
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String inputLine;
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();

while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {

response.append(inputLine);
}
in.close();

//print result
return response.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override

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protected void onPostExecute(String s) {

try {
Intent to = null;

this.responce = new JSONObject(s);

if(responce.getInt("success") == 1){
switch(this.responce.getString("role")){
case "dispatcher":
to = new Intent(context, Dispatcher.class);
to.putExtra("role_id",this.responce.getString("roleid"));
break;
case "police":
to = new Intent(context, Traffic_Police.class);
to.putExtra("role_id",this.responce.getString("roleid"));
break;
case "driver":
to = new Intent(context,Driver_page.class);
to.putExtra("role_id",this.responce.getString("roleid"));

break;
case "public":
to = new Intent(context, Public.class);
break;
}
context.startActivity(to);
return;
}else{
Log.w("Errror", "Invalid usernname or password");
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onPostExecute(s);
}
}
sample code for accident register in android

package com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm.Trafficpolice;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.StrictMode;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;

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import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.example.group_5pcproject.mobilebasedtrafficcmangementsysetm.R;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class AccidentRegister extends AppCompatActivity {
Button b1;
Spinner atype,aweight;
EditText resource,adate,location,trafficid,penality,accid ;
private ArrayAdapter<String> listAdapter ;
String driverid;
int session;
TextView tx1,tx2;
int counter = 3;
StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy = new
StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build();
SharedPreferences sharedpreferences;
public static final String MyPREFERENCES = "session" ;
public static final String role_id = "role_id";
public static final String user_id = "user_id";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_accident_register);
resource = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.resource);
adate = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.adate);

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location = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.location);
trafficid = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.trafficid);
penality = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.penality);
accid = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.accid);
atype = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.atype);
aweight = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.aweight);
b1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.send);
Intent i=getIntent();
String x=i.getStringExtra("role_id");
trafficid.setText(x);

// ed_password = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.password);
//id1=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.password);

String [] weight={"simple","medium","danger"};
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter=new
ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item,weight);
aweight.setAdapter(adapter);

String [] Atype={"car","road","electric"};
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter1=new
ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item,Atype);
atype.setAdapter(adapter1);
//b2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.);

tx2 = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.success);
Intent intent = getIntent();
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy);
sharedpreferences = getSharedPreferences(MyPREFERENCES,
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
String result = "";
InputStream is = null;
ArrayList<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
// nameValuePairs.add(new
BasicNameValuePair("user_id",Integer.valueOf(session).toString()));
try {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new
HttpPost("http://10.129.13.241:80/mobile%20_based_traffic_management_system/selectdri
ver.php");
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
is = entity.getContent();

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Connection success",

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Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("log_tag", "Error in http connection " + e.toString());
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Connection fail",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//convert response to string
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "iso-8859-
1"), 8);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line=null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line + "\n");

}
is.close();

result = sb.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("log_tag", "Error converting result " + e.toString());

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), " Input reading fail",

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

//parse json data

try {

JSONObject object = new JSONObject(result);

int length = object.length();

for(int k=0;k<length;k++){
JSONObject no = object.getJSONObject(String.valueOf(k));
ArrayList<String> mylist = new ArrayList<String>();

for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) {

JSONObject json = object.getJSONObject(String.valueOf(j));
String fname = json.getString("roleid");
mylist.add(fname);

// listAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,

R.layout.support_simple_spinner_dropdown_item, mylist);
Spinner s = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.Spinner0);

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ArrayAdapter<String> adapter2 = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,

android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, mylist);

adapter2.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
s.setAdapter(adapter2);
s.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
@Override
public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
driverid = (String) parent.getItemAtPosition(position);
}

@Override
public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

}
});

} catch (JSONException e) {
Log.e("log_tag", "Error parsing data " + e.toString());
//Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "JsonArray fail",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}|

b1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String result = null;
InputStream is = null;
String resourceholder = resource.getText().toString();
String adateholder = adate.getText().toString();
String locationholder = location.getText().toString();
String trafficholder = trafficid.getText().toString();
String penalityHolder = penality.getText().toString();
String acciddHolder = accid.getText().toString();
String weightholder= aweight.getSelectedItem().toString();
String atypeHolder = atype.getSelectedItem().toString();
ArrayList<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("acciid",acciddHolder));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("dname",driverid));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("location",locationholder));

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nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("penality",penalityHolder));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("tid",trafficholder));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("dresource",resourceholder));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("adate",adateholder));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type",atypeHolder));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("weight",weightholder));
// nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("from",
Integer.valueOf(session).toString()));
try
{
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new
HttpPost("http://10.129.13.241:80/mobile%20_based_traffic_management_system/accident.
php");
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
is = entity.getContent();

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Connection success",

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
Log.e("log_tag", "Error in http connection "+e.toString());
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Connection fail",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}
//convert response to string
try{
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"iso-
8859-1"),8);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
sb.append(line + "\n");
}
is.close();

result=sb.toString();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
Log.e("log_tag", "Error converting result "+e.toString());

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Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), " Input reading fail",

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

//parse json data

try{

JSONObject object = new JSONObject(result);

String ch=object.getString("re");
if(ch.equals("you successfully register accident"))
{
tx2.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("blue"));
tx2.setText(ch);
}
else
{
//tx1.setTextColor();
tx2.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("red"));
tx2.setText(ch);
}

}
catch(JSONException e)
{
Log.e("log_tag", "Error parsing data "+e.toString());
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "JsonArray fail",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

}
});

}
}

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CHAPTER FIVE

5 TESTING
Testing is a process of analyzing a system or system component to detect the deference between
specified (required) and observed behavior. The procedures that we used are described below.

5.1 Unit testing

Unit testing is a validation method in which a programmer tests if individual units of source
code are fit for use. The system units are tested one by one by inserting invalid data.

5.2 Integration testing

Combining modules and testing them is called integration testing. Integration testing is gradual.
First, we test the highest level, or coordinating module, and only one of its subordinate
modules. After unit testing, the system is also tested whether every unit is integrated to each
other.

5.3. System testing

System testing of software or hardware is testing conducted on a complete, integrated
system to evaluate the system’s compliance with its specified requirements. It is a testing
process in which the aim is to ensure that the overall system works as defined by the
requirements. The System is functionally tested based on the use case model developed
during the analysis phase. The system is also operationally tested based on requirements.

The requirements that are tested by the project team during the implementation are correctness,
accuracy, security and others.

Testing the correctness: -correctness determines how users can interact with the
software and how the software should behave when it is used correctly. Users can easily
interact with application since it has easily understandable interface and the application
responds correctly.

Testing the Accuracy: The system gives only valid result, if no data is found with the
specified criteria the system should not give invalid response. Since, our application
fulfills this characteristic it is accurate.

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Testing the security: -To ensure the security of our application user must login to the
system with user name and password. The system allows only authorized users to login
i.e. users that have previously created account through user name and password.

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CHAPTER SIX

6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1 Conclusion
This project which has different phases; the first phase concerned with the analysis phase
of the life cycle, the design phase and the next phase is about implementation. As the end
of the first phase, we need to review that we have covered in accordance with what we
have planned at the beginning. We began our work by identifying the significance of
automated system for the store and the overall techniques to be used in the development
process. This involved defining the system development methodology, identifying
process. This involved defining the system development methodology, identifying
resource and cost requirements, and setting the deliverable and scheduled for the project.

The analysis helps the team to well understand the major functional areas and processes of the
system. Through this method we evaluate the existing system weakness and strength.

After that, we performed requirements elicitation to discover user and system

requirements. This phase consisted of drawing the functional as well as non-functional
requirements of the system. Then we have undertaken a major phase in system
development process: object-oriented Analysis. Here, we tried to model the new system
we proposed using UML diagrams such as Use case, sequence, and class diagrams Also,
we designed the new system user interface prototype.

6.2 Recommendation and Future Enhancement

6.2.1 Recommendation
According to scope of our project the team develops web and mobile-based application.
Because of the time and security problem constraint we may have limitation which should
be consideration in, but in the feature the team believes that this system should be fully
operationally by adding some functionality that are not included in the proposed system.
We also want to recommend this project can be expanded and more automated with
additional functionalities by integrating with many new technologies. We recommend
also to the user use this system properly.
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The system that we have tried to automate is not the whole system of the traffic
management. Because of time limitation and security problem we can’t develop all parts of
the system, but we tried to automate some sub systems and functionalities.

The system we have developed is a automate web and mobile based Traffic management
system for Debremarkos city and it needs a skilled person to work with the system. So,
we recommend the system should be required the responsible and skilled person. We
highly recommend the system should be kept in highly safe and favorable condition.

6.2.2 Future Enhancement

➢ The system will be developed by using fully android in a way to support mobile users.
➢ The following functionalities can’t be automated because of the limitations that we
have discussed above so, therefore using this project as an input, if there is any
interested body to develop a system on this title need to add the following features.
✓ Controlling driver that driving after drinking
✓ Online payment
✓ System done in different language

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APPENDIX
Deployment diagram: diagrams are special diagrams used to focus on software
Components and hardware components.
Action: is the fundamental unit of behavior specification and represents some transformation or
processing in the modeled system, such as invoking a method of a class or a sub activity.
Actor: a role that a user takes when invoking a use case. Also see actor modeling.
Activity: carrying out behavior in a State machine diagram.
Activity-diagram: a diagram that describes procedural logic, business process and work flow
supporting parallelism.
Diagram: a visual representation of a subset of features of a UML Mode
Sequence diagram: describes the Messages sent between a number of participating Objects in a
Scenario
Class: the primary declarative construct of Object-Oriented Programming; a cohesive unit of
Attributes and Operations; a compile-time template for an Object
Class diagram: a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a system by
showing the system's classes, their attributes, and the relationships between the classes.

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References
1. ,Mohammed Hassan and malik AL Amayrch, "Web Based Traffic System", Jordan: AL
Salwa Publishing House, 2012.

2. G. T. P. Station, Interviewee, "About Gondar Town". [Interview]. 10 november 2015.

3. M. O. Afandi, "Mangement of Traffic Accident using web service", Saudarebia: king

abulaziz university, 2010.

4. willey, "willey.com," [Online]. Available: http://www.willey.com. [Accessed 20

december 2015].

5. Chen and quek, "Academic study on traffic accidents," calfornia, calfornia press, 1997,
p. 249.

6. M. ALAmayrich, "Research with strong geographic focus on accident", Newyork:

university of california , 2006, p. 301.

7. J. D, "Road Traffic accident management in Nigeria," 2005. [Online]. Available:

http://www.nigeriatrffic.gov. [Accessed 27 december 2015].

8. willey, "Introductin tosystem analaysis and design," 2004. [Online]. Available:

http://www.willey.com. [Accessed 12 january 2016].

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