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Guidance Note 6 - Protection Against Overcurrent (IEE Guidence Notes) (No 6) (PD

This document discusses calculating three-phase short-circuit currents for protective device selection. It provides equations to calculate the current based on line impedance values, which can be estimated from tables in BS7671 using values corrected for temperature. For circuits with large single-core cables arranged flat, the document refers to Appendix 1 for methods to calculate the reactance values to use in the equations.

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120 views

Guidance Note 6 - Protection Against Overcurrent (IEE Guidence Notes) (No 6) (PD

This document discusses calculating three-phase short-circuit currents for protective device selection. It provides equations to calculate the current based on line impedance values, which can be estimated from tables in BS7671 using values corrected for temperature. For circuits with large single-core cables arranged flat, the document refers to Appendix 1 for methods to calculate the reactance values to use in the equations.

Uploaded by

buddhika Madusanka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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cables by √3.

Values of resistance may be adjusted to


the appropriate conductor temperature using a
coefficient from Table 3 given earlier.
For single-core cables, reference should be made to
Appendix 1 of this Guidance Note, bearing in mind
that for three cables in flat formation the lowest
value of fault current occurs with a fault between the
outer conductors.

5.6 Three-phase For the purpose of selection of a short-circuit 434-03-01


short-circuit protective device, for Regulations 434-03-01, 434-03-03
434 434-03-03 and 533-03-01, the three-phase short-circuit 533-03-01
533 current is required. Distribution of a neutral does not
affect the calculation.

5.6.1 Circuits up to about 100 A

X1 is neglected, and Rs and Xs are replaced by Zs, the


line to neutral ‘impedance’ of the supply.
U 3
If = Z + R (6)
s 1

where:
R1 = the resistance of one line
U = the line to line voltage.

5.6.2 Circuits for more than 100 A

For circuits with conductors of 35 mm2 or larger, both


Xs and X1 should be included. The fault current is
then obtained from equation (7).
U 3
If = (7)
(Rs + R1)2 + (Xs + X1)2

where :
Rs = line-neutral resistance of the supply
Xs = line-neutral reactance of the supply

CD GN6 Protection Against Overcurrent, inc 16th Edition 2001 Amd No 1 74
R1 and X1 are for one line in the installation
U = line to line voltage.

5.6.3 Sources for values of resistance and reactance

The resistance R1 can be calculated by reference to


BS 6360. Appendix 1 of this Guidance Note provides
information on the derivation of reactance X1.
With the exception of fault loops whose impedance is
attributable mainly to large single-core cables in flat
formation, values of R1 and X1 can also be obtained
from the voltage drop Tables in Appendix 4 of Appx 4
BS 7671 for the appropriate three-phase installation.
Note that the three-phase tabulated values of (r) and
(x) in Appendix 4 are, in fact, √3 R1 and √3 X1, so that,
in addition to the correction of (r) for temperature,
both tabulated values have to be divided by √3.
Corrections to R1 for temperature (i.e. for the highest
and lowest prospective currents) apply as in the
single-phase case and the same tables of coefficients
can be used.

5.6.4 Special considerations with single-core cables

Where all of the cabling from supply to fault is


multicore type, or single-core type installed in trefoil,
the reactance X1 will be the same for all phases and
the fault currents will be balanced.
If a minor portion of the fault loop impedance is
attributable to single-core cables in flat formation, an
average value for X1 is appropriate. This is obtained
by deriving X1 for a conductor spacing equal to 1.26 s,
where s is the axial spacing between adjacent cables,
see Appendix 1 or Fig 10 of this Guidance Note.
Where a substantial part of the impedance from supply
to fault is contributed by a large single-core type of
cable arranged in flat formation, the value of reactance
for the centre cable should be used. Methods for
computing this reactance are given in paragraphs 4.3
and 4.4 of Appendix 1 of this Guidance Note.

CD GN6 Protection Against Overcurrent, inc 16th Edition 2001 Amd No 1 75

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