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Loss 6pretrs Du: WSBBLNG

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Dasun Fernando
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
157 views

Loss 6pretrs Du: WSBBLNG

Uploaded by

Dasun Fernando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Leture-12

to We6bung
Loss 6Pretrs du
aund cuwed duct hole
Occwhs bsh saiq
ce mebilized ushile traightening
Fictional
eut th wobbled holes
Duct hola

-L

Webbingq ceicient pe
unit length

PePAe
omining beth ictien ehkicient
and wsbblng cehcint
t KL) -

PAe PAe
R+ K)L
-
PA
concri bea has a
sbesaed
P»t tensioned pre
EXample
-

al
Jhe casle has zeeo eccenbity
panas rtic cable psale
end and 400mm eccetriity at c e n t wst NACCG)
seam 25 At end A, p*estress ene s400KN
LenEk
i& apiad. D t a m i n e
tha
Less6 PresLress dus t pucion
end B.Evaluati tha oce a t B .
tantthe
3 0 ,wooble ceeieient D.25 pe m

ars
( -) AX4O0
2 5000

0 0 64 vad

3.66

0 . 3 61 y rad
10
4m 64 ad
-0 0
d -L
tan
ad
O. 2 5

. 30
KL .25 25 m0.3
C d + K L)
e
0 o 3 243
P PA
.Ot A00 kN 32.Ska
A00 e

3 7 2 . 5 KN Fosce Flos

AP

A00 -

3 2.5 A 25m

= 2 H . 5 KN

Loss &Psestress da T Anchero- Sup


Befo se Sup F osce Flow Djaqham
Po
AAB
Es,As
A

sip af kdnalie jack end


Asp A A8
Po-AP
xL
Po
P.AP AP
P-AP Es As
B

APter s p
A sip = AAB - A'AB

APL
EAs
AP s "s Aslip
A AP Arlip
Es L
As
. 000 N/mm
ample
-

al Jaeking end
=
5 m
spping
Es 210 KN(mm
oss estses eas dua to anchroal
anchay
Estimate the pencetagR
is a)30m b)3m
tha 6eam
alp t h e lenqt s
AnA s Asup L
La
210 K 5mm 210 m
2
X 5mm
30 X/0° mm 3X 10mm

=350 N/mm
=35N/mn
%Loss A X 100
Less X 100

350
35 x00 1000
X00
100D

=3 5 35

prestsess
lass
=AnchoTag9 p causes higho pcent6
la mamber.
i.e 8helo members loose
Me prutres dus To anchovaqk slip
initially Tenioned
Example- Post Tensioned cable 10 teng s m

so that
to 1o00 NMM n e end Tha tendens a cuyed

th ansa 600mm.
aeach end
the slope isin 24
durt, cable
.55 , Kobble 0.0015/m
Asp 3 E 210 KN/ mm
Calcuulat les S& pvestresu due t o - (a) sietion
(b) AnchoTage glip
An (a) Fictienal losses

2 4

12
M 0.5 5 x
2
O. O 4 6

KL 0. 0015 x 10
O 5
(u + k L)
P Pe
P.L-
(a +kL)]
P-P P. (u k + KL)
900 x 600 (o.046 +0.055)
AP 36.6 KN

b) AnchoYag SP

210 X d° x
Ox I03

=63 N/mm

APti AA A

63X G00 N
37.8 kN

AP P A P to

366 37.8

A.4 kN
CuNed Cables
nchor a9R Sup
e cablo
ndlht red
a B od
a Hy daauic japk hs
appied A

PRPA
PA PA e

Fo vce
Fl P PA1-L
asham
PAP ahL
.
R

tengatien in AB
(Area wnde Force loud Diaqnam)
CF FD)

- Cable p a A
Backward Foswand
Frictien riton R Postien AD cable
PPAT shrinks i length

Loss PrestyeM at
A AP
i . P c P A AP
PA
AP - Backwad uet onA
P
acivale d
Ihe axial ferte
CreoAeL along the
A D able upto D

C, AP reducek along fA D
-Axial fenee in 3
-

un dhan qz ed
PPA - t leng«tien A6
+M
P (Asea unden
ATB E,As FF9)
PEPAe
FA-(1A)1 AR
P M + ')
PA P

A7 PA 1 )

f re eq and

A
2

Es As L Asp
LPA)1)
-
Cal c l t la
Calcula AP ( ) (t +
P PA-( e)
Exa n p l e F i n a shruss Asrce l o s diagran n cnved est
post
Senki pned cable. Span, L 2 5m, Aps 600 mM - ).5

E 2 . x 10 Nm, Jhe scable sips a A by Ast 4

Etimat ha pretsess loss dua To sppaa . Dyaw Tha nea

oceos diasram
PA 4 00kN

PR3HN
B

L25
(r-P)
2

2 XA mm X2. X10 y600mm X 5 10

(A 00 31) x 10 N 11.5)

3 4 5 86 2 06 mm
64 3 mm
8.64 3 m L 25 m

AP PA L, (1)
4003KN
25
X 18. 643 (1+5)
4 KN

A AP
400 54

3 4 6 kN

. ( ..
A0b 400-3) X18 6 4
25

Z0021.6

312 4KN
A 40OKN

PD3 484k N

s 3 41 kN
P346

D
- 18.64m-
Lecta - 13

LoSs 6 P xestres dua to shiinkaqa oCenc Yeto

chrinkaa n
cencsela s
has wo componens
I S 13 43. 2 0 1 2
s ca ècd Setion 6.4)

E J.tal shrinkaga stvain


E c a H o q n e u s hounkao stsaun

V r q i n g &hunkaoR sbain

ttoaanews Shiskagg
Cencsla
-

aelop durung handening


tha capillauy pres by
-

withdbaurl fam
swan
ceman pasla .(Selt dksicotia
hydration 6wnhydratad
.

ha interos sconcrele mas


OccwL in ptactlge
relatively small ijku centyartion
- 3his 8hrunkaqs skeleten
ustran ed by tha Tigid
cement paste
e e m n i pasta and by the
the aulseady hydrated
9 a a A patiules

-Maje pat duing eary days casting


Liaea unctien 6 oncre &hength

Garacda 6k Concre
Ateqenes Shrinkag
M 30 35

M35

M45 65

M 50 +5

M60
1ir Shsiskaqz
Concrei tored in
e
- witt d.a
usuted a

niadrying
ne ahsunkog
contioucs, adserbed wat it Yemo ved
-A& A dru
dung
Chanap velurme = Loss a wale kaye 1 mrleculs
thick m the suwkars g al al
patic les
-Final valua b dsying hink ags sLsai
slrain: Eed,»

nrestrained
Dying Shrinkaas Values
( E 0*) fa esncsete with Portland Cement

(MPa) RH 50%. RH 80
2 S35 300
e tntespe lation
420 240
intermediat
0 values

ho Nati8nal aize 6ey secliOn


I00 2 Ac
200 0 85
300 .15
5 00 A Con cvel c s s 8ect tonad area

Perumele t h e cvess
ecten ex ptsed to dsyng

3 stole A Adgs Ex posul


-
3 ioes A Abh
tpoSue
2 h 4b 2 b +h)

2 3 Dryin utos
&hink aqg lYan uji tL ine
Developm ent Autogsn
(t) Sa t ca

a
(L exp (-0.2 t ) i n daus
strain with time
Developme 6 ng skunkaga
Edt , t,ts)!K^ Eed
ds cd KEcd
t-s
P Ct,t,) (t t ) +0.04 hh
moment tonsidorad
1 Agc 6cencreth the

tAg3 cencrele at the beginnin buing ahoinka


and nefanally the end cwung.
2A

Loss Psetres
A Es Ees steel
stecl
E Medulus lasticity prst reasiny
E Jtal ghinkag stvain cenesela
0
cable witha
concrela beoam p3utressed by a

txample A
is M50.
initial atress 1o00N/mm. ke qnade concrel
having a elative humidity
Tha beam locatad n an
ahwa

environment on toee
50% 7h beam is exposed 300mm he
400mn and width
sides,, having
sidos a depth
t prestraaed, E stimati
u
beam wed or7 days b afore 6) 7o yeas
the loss &psestess dus
to shrinkagt (a) 28 da

n 6 100D Mm

M50 ce nctelR qhade


h Ao0 M
RH 50
das
28 dayk
6 300 mn
(a eam exppsed en 3 sides
2200 x 4
00
ArutaqeAtus Shunkaq
(A00)+ 30
Ees c a t ed
212 mM
Tca (fom Table 0.15- 0.25 217-
M50) 0.25 +
300 2 0 0

Pa)= -exp (-0.2 E) = 0 832

Pas (-23) = I - exp (-0.2 x 28)


Ecd
cd K cd
0.6 5 3
+20 0.332
Pat 23)
349. 4
5 x D. 6 53
106
48. 8 Patt)
2 t-tt D.04

Duing Shsinka4s 29

2 87 +0. 04 J 21g3
(Fd. Ct,t) Ka)
RH 5 0 .

5OMPa o M 550 Bds, f,) Ed


28
&c x10 4 20
0- 4 x 34 9. 4
-Ed 420 0

2 A A8.9

2 bh
EesE tEed
d
2hb 3 side expo>ed

(3.98+ AS.9)
LoSs 6 Pest ress, A6, :
Es, Es
0
2 5 7.88
m

=20.55 Nmm

Percent Less 6 Prestiels

20 10 2.0S5
0 0 eans 25558 days
t 0 yean
Atasnbus shrinkage
--
349.4
E(t) (t) ca
ed
as() -e0.2

25550
S 3 49. 4

Pa () A2 44
5
Eca)= &ca (06
10
Shrink a2 A65tEs
424.4
=2.X16 N
&ed) Pas (*,t.) KEed mm

Ba,ts) = t-ts
t - t +0.04 h3 LosS PTestres
25550-*
x1O = 100
25550-+ 128
8.9

CodalPsovisions fo Shvinkaq2

1S 1243190
P s e t e n 8 t ened membehs
0.00023 P
p t tensisned membeu
2 ) 2)
Log(t+
Transe in days.
a a 6concrea
be inc yealed
tensioned concy elo may
Val 6&c fos pest
t
mespheic conditipn8, subje ct
b 507 d
aAs E0. 0003
matim um
at seme
staqe
to7 calclat ing doomalirg ocontsea
iyeached.
shYinkoat
boto e max im um
Assum
1st menth
shainkaqe takes place during
s
$ g h u okag fakes plac n i $t ms nthu aten
commencemcrt 6druin9
Leetune - 14

CTeap Concele

t lati CseapP
Az time prohae, Th

menbe elongatis at Ereg-p


Censtat apecd
ape

+EeLL+E2ree Eeresp E ostic

Crep Defovmatien 6CCuun tcortant »pead.


Jise dapendant i.e., it is a
unction 6 tima E,(t)
CTep Coe4ieient : t , t ,

rea t) ¢t,t,) E. (t.)


F (t) =F.

s(tl

FKS, ab
dt

dS F dt

S(t) Cc
(4)
AA , sfo) K
where d (t) =K s S() F,t
k

eeep coerfienet tlutic stveteh CTP


e channs with time N on Aa
-k,n

K t) n (t) Ag3 maX u a l

tima
Coner ei a t

CyeLP
(t) &glastie
- d (t,t,) Elastic

t 2 8 daya
t Ran

ess Crep
Lana Cseap

TS 13 43 .2012

t initial üne Loading


Et)initial strain t loading

Ct, t ) -¢.s (t,t.)


4. Notioack eraap aoecent
P.
As t 0Lai Larag vaues), 9 (t,t.) -

(t,t.) c e i c e t
describing davelop munt srLep
with ime

Fn) (t.)

f 4 5 MPa
o.13h,

fen45 MPa
o. h
RH
alative kumi di ty
B.2
45 0 . 5
45 45 3
h 2A
6 8
CEeet concroto. lrenat d
Fe8
(Effec cont velo og lhod
Ct) .1t t 0.202
en.)
Ceelicient .t= 10 7« , t) ndurany thntrel
ge at CeCreep
an 70ra sloacding
Loading 50,) Hunid Atnbsphana (RH 307)
D Atmasphun (RH
h ho
50 50 6 00 600

5.8 4.8 3.9 3 8 3.4 3.0

2 2.4 2.4 2.
A. 3-3

2 3. 2 6 2. 2.0 8 .6

q0 2.5 2 15 3

I6 .3 2 0
365 .

t to .3
p(4,4.)-
t t t gHJ

tagg concse in days


1. 0 cencr t at loading nda

.514(1.2 RH 250 15 00
F o. S45 MPa

15 +(1. 2 RH\'% ho250 <,


1500
4 5 M Pa
LoSs e sr
te s t ves due to Cveep
Elastic shostening
T
Concsa

NA e -
P Po

SEresS tu cencreTe at level skCeel


Po
se
NA
A :)
2

P
A
NA
DL C
NA

6 se ,D -Mse ve agn tensien)


NA

NA
5se + M e
Asum 6e>0 Cr-ecempressisn)

As timz
P 2es, additienad hegaing
the
at steel kvel wliek
additipaal ssIOn
Jhis ult Comp

Ath creep »Troin eveep (t)


steel
Js CrP relt lss tensile strain in
Che 6 >0 case) and covresponding Coss &prestves.

oe tres, elayti also dacse


A eTRep
Er t ) the. preblem is
-
(t,to) Eelastic (t.),
on n ean and t n a t i ve seutivn u necded.

Foy lang , (E, t.) -> d. Cinal eseep coafi cient


Algerithm

PP
Pe
seP

P PaC
NO

YES 6sc,1 scpu


APx1oo nePTOL

Eelastic S se 1E

E dastie

A6 E, Eesap
AP 6
P P. -A P
LecuL - I5

A beam wth b 300mmh 400 mm


prest ressed
-

Eyample
Jke initial preslreu 6 1200 Nnm
Made 8 M 60 Cone
2.1X1DNmm. ke beam aded 22 day ota
E
2 4 K N/m* Jka reloti ve hurni dity t hthe
a
CHing conc

tmes phe RH 5o, and ding takes place 2daate


odaace
o

andbottomocA 6 ttha beam. Th ptstressirgtanda


6
100 mm em tha botlom 6 thu beam Spe an

Loadid at
has duet hrle though. ui
L - 10m, J h beaun
beum,
tendens are
pa»sed oand peit-tansioned
5 nwmbes sk mm
dust kole A 2500 mm CalJat
h total aua 5
ths total prstres dua ts eYeap
less
tos-Final creap coeicient .
RH 55D
H 50

t, 28 days 50 150 600


2. 5 2.
A t23 da 3

26h ES 13 43 20
b+2h 2. 62. 2. 6 x(2'8.8 -150
6 00 150
2300 x400
3 D0+2X 400 2.5 242
2 2 % mm

M60 = 5 x
e 60 N/mm 4
=b0OD
2m m

5000 J60
= 38429 mnz
5
2. 0 5.4
3829
E ffect ve SeAten P Yepodies

A hhA uet mAs


300 4 00 2 5 Do t 5X 192

h 400 185 4 3 mmn

NA

100
2 0 | mm
b30
0
-bh bh(ynn ) -Asuct )
M

=5&5 25 D mm
Nd Secliea P1epentia
11+5 00 mn
3 0O X 4 0 o-2500
bh -A dnct
(bh) fauct dp 300 A 00) 25 0 0 x 100
2 0 22 Mm
150 o

4bh - AAuct }waj rs) 154 4 46XID

NANA x1DO 0.68

De ad Load (Selk weiqt)

Con
24 0 3m O. Am NA
NA Ps
2 88 KN/m

=2 8 8 X /D

=36Km

- 361Dx (20 - 100)


sc DL
2 33 N/mm
535 2 5 X (0"
NA
A5,
I 0 o -5.26
5es s
1q2 N
8 4.4
120 0
18 4 . 4 1a 2
2
2 3 O . k N

= 22 . 4 xi0 N

eAdrs
Po,e -P
3510!TOL
2 0 1 - 100
P =

.Tteraion, k -2
3
227. 4 10NN
P, nt
TNA
230.9 1o 230. X10X101

354 3 585 5 X 104


3.4405 y 22 4
3 . 4 4 05 Nmm
230.9

=3 396 N/nm
6 P
3 . 44D5 2.2982 6 6e,ps c
1 . 416 N/mm 3 . 3 6 - 2 . 29 3

41 4 2.4

3842 10

.
el
&ereap
524 2 x 2.° 4 AS seseep
= 5.O2

4 =1200-15 012
o S
s,n ew

185
(2) X 192 228 KN
mOTAL ,aew
85
=

p () P 229 2
2. 4
e+Evesp
'os osS= AP
X 100 AS
P
AS E2eiea 5.O12
X00
2110 t.A 4

=1. 25
=15. G 26 Nmm
Analyio Flexua
obaetive: Jo find the wltimati mement aistonce M,
Method )Stvain compa isi li ty method
) 1 S: 13 43 simpliiecd codal ovision
Reiew s Reinfo vced Conc vete Desiqn

-timit stati, TOP O-00 35


E cu .A46f

NA

6
O.4 46F
0.676
15

.o02O 0-003 5
0.446fu
b
C 0. A A6 fex

b X
c 0 . 4 A6 fek

A
4

t 4 A6 Fck
u ) .

+C a2 3
21
C,+C2
2

239
D.A6 u

c
36L f ba
alconce ol Sect9a
Een 0.0035

u, bp ,0035
d 0.0035 +E

d Un dn reinforce d
sectin
Sste
Oven einfosc ed socdidn

Fst
cT
.362 fex b f s t t
stAgt
36
ETOP 0.0035

d- u

t c
Ees
unde suntose ed
&cs
o.87 f (d o. A16 x ) A,+
Check MR
MR
r e n rinoyeed
&cs
b d
-

0. 41 6x)
0 36 2 f.
Lectwe-16
Analysis Flex WAe
8TOP
10T dNA

E lastte zhortanina
BOT > An chor SLip

Tmmedtate losSs >tidion cu vofwz


>Wchbling

P (ATlahtiz 4 e
shestening
-A) 4iction +webblarg

Jensten
TOP A
TNA
(Jensle stvaun

C o m a s e s a ien

A ps
A CCompyessive s t a n )
Des

ToP

M («) E »Tenn
Cultimale )
J L Lood U LT

Comp 6esslon
P PPn
Topna) t NA
NA
eas0n
ult . Me
6s A
NA
t

TOP TOp

t ult
t
Ecs To

ult
es

AB
B
A A
P P

A"" =A 8 w t AB

A AB0
P MC«)
.003 5
ult

Ees
AB -EAB AB
AB S AB

w
AEt s ec s
AAB AB esAB) AB Ee, AB)
(s
(E sAB
AAS ncte ase in ctsan
AR
wt
OP &esEes st
d
nlt
s t
Agt 7 0 t op (4 -1)
Tensipn CompreAslon

Est A
in E st wt
)-
Aps
Ecu 0. 0025
inal
st
final
st T o p bea taib before stocl ziulái
r e n siefovced
fina
7 ndan Reincorred
MOR FgtAp (d -0.416 u

. Calculala
TOf CTeile), TOP
2. Fgt t y

3 Epi bsi um eation CT

o.362 bu = s t Aps

fs Aps
0.362fs
A ncTease tenile tvan inatee
ult
s t (Ees +tes
(E E) ( -1)
5.
st st

. rem tecl table


1 Jolerance st

9 es, than MR .36 2f b ( - 6. 416

s k -p (d - 0. A164u)

I no, hen , T0L S -

fn
final
St
and hen o step 3ord keap
Tepeafin9 tha dgorttm)

FoY RC beam
ut

u wt
AB+Ees AS
ult
&es
AB
initial inal
gt0

Eeu . - )

&eeu ( -)
ASe
&sts o ) +Ecu(( - )
Etterop -1 Eeu (
PS.C RCbeam
Letra 17
ype Stranes
Stres aliaved aiands
6
. *pu
o90
- O.8t pu
0.+ p Es
8 A*pu 08A pu 0.34u 0.05
S0+pu Es 00

.87p O.
100
iald
O.04pu 0-0Tpu 0.2
00

0 05 . o.45
O6
O2
.95p 100

As drasn ies

o0095.p
0.S)p u 0 8S*pu o.p
o.34fpu o.44pu .
0.-4p

ld 0.35fp
0.9 t 2

0.95tpu
0 95ou
O.5
P
s

txample - A
bean has reclangl an c Yos Bctidn s w
b 3 0 0mn , e i l , h = 6 0 0 Mm Pvetessine Tendtns wi th
ng
ocata om betto m. Jhese
O00 mm 15 D mm

tendons ansmit 000 kN esMess c e a t e sses.

e Ao N/mm (concreta), f,u 38o N/mm?


hs tendons is composed S stresa eliwed stands.
E 2X10 N mm,fy 0.34f-P
Dten mine the t ua momn cap acity.
S t ess Nelueveod s t ands
-300
1380 NM

d= 6 00 - 150 0.3f.

=450 200 N m

h 600 0 0Mm
e
p s 150
DO OkN

E, 2x10 Nmm2

0-3p 104
o.84pP 5.52

0.84p 159
0.94tpu 0005 6.296

0.54p 1200 0-9pu 0


160 0

0.10 124 22 O.10fp . 2


S.2
E

o-95 pu +0.5 ) . 56
D.95 131 100

F 260, 03

( st.

Et, Sst,
s
5

(2) 40Nm2
mM

5000 =
31622 /mm2
coNCRE TE D VE TO P TENSZLE)
STRESS IN
0P
+
A

- l o00 X 10 000 X 10 X 150


h
300 X6 00
bh/1
-5.5 5 +8 33 2 1 8 Nmm
ToP
ToP
2.
31622 o 5

3) Assuma

TOP TOP
E vLT
stps 1200 X 1000

0.362 fex b O.362 X 40X300 T

2 6 mm

(A) A&st ( E -1)


(n+0 0035)/450 -1)
AEgAtt- Ege,m sc,UT
2 2
o3

) st, st
+2 26
Io3
lo

726
o (

-unds relnorced kecton

6) CT

MR T d . 4 16 u)
Ast y(d - o.416 )
O0 Omn 120o (450 - 0. 4IS X 27o) onm
MM

2 . 2 k Nm
Preb len ectanglan Ces &e 8, b 300m, 600 mm

150 mm, . 40 Nmm Ae a


prt exgioq tondora
Petreming tendons mads 6
AAps m

S 1A0ON/mm,t, 2X0 Nmm P 1000N e f loas

0-85pu 0.85X14 00 20d N/w m

Detamine tue mome capau

6 30o
Ans 50
e-
150

6
h 6000
2
Aps100
300x 600 6
=
18x 10mm3
150 6

400Nmn E, :
2x 10 NMm
Ats dnown r p
&

O.7fpu 980 o.7 tpu =4.9

.+ z +8 0.tp 0.05 5.8


10D
E
o.31 pu 6 . 6
0.81f I13 4

D.85f p O.2

o 85 = 1200
s

o.95pu 0,5 5
D.95 f . , 1330
(2)E= 5000 e
0.85 pu
= 120 0 3162 2 N/m
TEN SILE STRE SSS IN 70
FIBER DUE
000 kN TOP
6
A Ps
-1000 y 10
1000 1 150
1000kN 300 Y600 210
00 mn
5.55 +8.3 3= 2 . 3
09 NMum
TOP
sTop

0.4 4pu 950


st
st
St, o st 2 8
31622

2Ip5

4.545

(3) Asswma 0 . O. s5 f 120o N/Mm

X-2
Fs Ast
o.362fe b 0.36+cb
104 x NDO
1200 X 100
0.362Y40X30D
0.362 X 10 x 3 O0

303 mm
2 4 . 3 mm

) A 8s (E 4&cu) - 1

& 25/450 8.19 35)/As


303. 10A29.5
2
218

st, ueTèst, t Ae, s , UT StN st


4.545
03 .54S 2 18
10 o3
03
6.265
6 22 <4 3
0
st, JLT (1200- 134)
1134+ 6125
Ov Tentorced metien (3-6.6T)
6.64)
113 6.4 N/n m
tst
wnction èst, vLT)
1st f s t J 1 1 36.4 - 1 04.9

6.265/10 2 . 2 10L

fst
078 5.8913
K3
1134 6.6+10 1136.1 1100
O 362X 40 300

10+8 +
13 A-1048% (6.265 -
5.89)
6.675.81
A &st ( + (A50 1
287
287.
04 1 N/mm
2.02 103
st
ned
t 04.9 1200I
st, ULT .55
o3

95.>TOL = 4
6-565
e
1 0 4 . 9 Nm 03
st st new
108 +134 -20 (6.565
S.39)
6.64-5.89

1 2 6 . 5 N/m

1126.5 n36.
-

f st
10. 2 TOL
new

st st 126.5 N/mn

qew 134- 1078 ( 6.615 -5 8)


k 4 6.63 5.84
1126.+ t00

O 362 x A0X 3 00 113 0 N/mm


235 3
1st st 11 30 126.7
54 50
285,3
3.3NM Tol-4

=20 e
0S MoREst Apsd- 0.416xu)

ULT st , 130 X 1100x (450 -.


416 x 285.3
=A.54S
03

6.615
Lectn 13

Analyaia lexuae
Cede P voceduhe
Simpi find
1S 3 4 3 - 2012. Aonex D

Momant 6esistanee oyectangulay and T 2e0fias

M pt A, (d- 0.4 x
Momenx sesistanc The 2ection
tnile stress in the tendon a hi une

d eletive dapth to centhoid 6 tha ateal ansa


n h a ahea depth

0.42 c 0.362fb

OAs T Ap

pestressing Ten dens


fu chanateriatic tanile atianqth s
Good bond btween Cencrel and tendens.
Assumstios

Stres n tendon as ro pation


psp
bd te design shength : o-37fpu
Pt tensienmg Post tentisnitg
Pxe tenIoning
ective end NtPye tensieni kective
0.05 A
.025 .084
0.050 .10
.10
0.1O 0.24 .2+

0.5 32 6
.326

095 o. 43 5 O.414
O.25
o.54 2 48S

0.35 O.655 O.55S

D.9 0 18 3 O.653
Example

=600-150
A50

p 1320 N
h600
A 1000 mmn
Ls 150

300
Beamm
4 ON/
P v e lenionsd

stroun Compatt6i t ty Approach


As 2 6 mm
s t e reliwed trands)
pFy- 0.$74pu
200 MM
R s Aps d - 0. 4l6 = A02 2 KN

TS1343-2012
Rio pp 100 0 x 13 30 = 0 . 256
bd feu 300X 450X 40

Rato
0.8+ f

1- O
0.25 o.542
0 30 .655

0.3
0 8 x 1380 2 0 0 Nn
2
.542+(o.655- 0.542) x22:6 0.5 56
30-255

5 0 . 2 mm

URfpt Aps (d 0.42u)


200x 109DA50 0. 42x 250. 2)
A5 N
b
langed Section
0.45 4

31-1
Aps p

b FLANGE
WEB

MRO. 45 f. (b, ) : (d + puAp (d-0.42

ApsA
Aps pr +Apw
Apf pestsesMnq
ngteet langs
Ap ahua p7eatrasing atral wes

pA 0 . 4 5 e x (b - bu) D
P

A o. 45 fee (be b) ?

Ap ApsApf
Apw0
Rtio Apus p Annex D : _ p
o.S7+ pu D
MUR M .R)
R)lang
R h E p b A ps (d - 0 . 42 )
web

(MR1n-
MR)n,0. 45 fe b -b) D, d

Ap 0 D

RatioApustpa b
bd fek

MR tpå Aps(d -0.


42 x,)
E xamp le
b 20o
e AO N

D4150 pp 600 N/,mm2


d 60D
Pre tenbionnd

Rib dept M
U'R
7
1S00

Aps 4 400m le T S 13 43 2012

Codal Provisos
6w300

. 45 fce ( be -bu) P
Ans- ( ) Apf

Ci20o - 300) x 150


. 4 5 40
1600
2
=
5 8 . 8 Mm
4+00 -15 8.3 3 2 . 2 mm>0
(2) A ps pf

Ratio *pwt 3181.2 X160 0 . 265


300X 600 X 40
bdt
R otio p Spb
o.8 d -8*

D.25 0 0.542 p 0. 8 7X 6o0o


392 N m 2
.30 1.0 O.655

)x/26.- 25=o.5 46
- o . 5 4 2) x(
5 42 +(o.655 30 25

21mm

O, 45 fa (bp - 5 ) D d
M)o 0. 45 Ad x (1200 -300) 150 (1600
x

305.8 nm
DAk ph A p (d -0. A2ru) 1312 x3181* (1600 -0.42 x 92
53 2 kNm

R R Rweb MoR) flans


b 300
Example
4 5 0 mm
200 1600 NMm
d 50o
Pre tansisnrd
350 A 200 mnm
R

As A . 45 f (b b) Dp
o . 4 5 Xx 50 x (300 - 150) 2 0 b o

600
A22 20
Apw As Ap 200

Nety al ax

Ratie Aps p 200 1600


0 . 0 43
b d fc 300X500 x 5o

Ratie
o.8t pu

O 025 -0 0.054
O.05D . 0.109

pb 0.8 7X6 0 3 2 Nma


o 4p
O.o5A + . 109 o .05A) x 43-2 =o.0936
O.Ou3e

O 0 3 6 X 500 =
A6.8 m

R pAes (d o.4 2 ) -

1392 2 0 0 x
(50O 0. 4 2 4 6. 8)

KNm
ExoMple A_pt Tenaibneol brda ivdar
rdar ith bonde d tandony
kbox cross secton having ovenall dimanaiona 12oo mm i d o

and
300 mm with wa thicknesa 6150 mm. 3hs higk
deep
tnsile
tensile
staal loccatad at an etfectiva dapth 6160Dmm ha

anaa AO00 mm,f., 4dNnm,u 600 Nm2, M


Ans 200

Aps A0D0 mn
A-16000
1800 150 4 040 N/m

150
1600 N/m
PoST TENSIDNED

Flong 1 2 O0 mmn
- Ldeb b 50 X 2
NA
Concretaà Aps 300 m
Tn Tanle
A 150 mm
Ragron
d 6 00 mm

O.45 bb)D 0.A5 A0x (1200 - 3 00) x 150


Ap
600
151 mm

Apw A p s A pf 4000 15 19 2481mm

Rato Apupu 2421 16 0


3 001600 >40

Ratio
0.33p 0.94
o.4p
.20 D.95 D.414
pb 0.94 XD.34 1600
O. 25 0.10 =
13 03 NM
* o. 414 4+ . A88 -0 41 A
25 2 o
220) 0 . 4 29

0.429 600
= 6 8 6 mm

(MR) s hpb Ape (


(MRe
-

. 42xu)
= 1308 x2 431x1600 - . 4 2 x 62 6)

4 5 4 kN m

D (d - £)
(MoR flans 0.45fe b -b
0. 45 x 40 x (12 00 30o)x I50 (1600 -50
3 05 KNm

MR
MR R R oR)anar
eb
A 25 t 3+05
6 2 uN m
- 19

tion
nSPrstraued Corcret Manbes
S h e t fam 1mmadi afa
. J c r a e k e d

-Leng tem Cresp coeicent nthod


She rt ton
2. varked M,P
manoeh
Long fanm Kdced
e,b
Momnt Araa Jheoren
First heorem PLAE

Sesend. Jhere
P

MA d
Axaa unden
ET
diaqram xA
AAC A
PL PL
6 ET 4$ET

Exomple -

P P
BM9
P.
Deflected
e- d
Shape eA
AeA ET
A
PeL
2E T

Maximum Deflection at pent

L4
tACAA A

2ET
P.eL
SET

A
-

2
E xampa

P
B

BM Pma
M()
A
Hoag"

PeL
3ET

P 5 PeL do
49ET
A Pmax L
3ET

AC
8
Exampla3

e
1.

M(x)
Po ( e t e )
ET

SP ( , +0,) L
43E1
P

Deflectadd
P Poe, P . ,
8ET
Sapa e O

eA+0
A
Jstal dahhtien at cenie Po (5e,- e,) T
ASET
Lecine - 20

Example
-

A Tapa zoidal Tendo

BMD Hegaingve) L, a

A E
A(-) 7,4 2 Pe
ET
2+61,,+31
tA LA,* + A*

a + (-)(
ET

Pe
ET

Examp le : Sloping Tendons

A, P(e,te
eP

,A 3

ET

A
P(e,e)

P(e,t), ET
Pe
ET

2 e,+2e 3e
a) 24ET

24E1

Prestressed concrei slas S 00 mm tk


Erample
Span 10.4m

Total UDL 23.5 KN E38 k/mm


(PL +LL)
4 1200
1260 N/m
Cable 12 H T wyes 5
e 195 mm, apaeing 328 m n iannvewe d'rection

Etimat aht tom Cinstantansous du{eotisn)t


Centn pa ndan pTestresa impo sed loada

Ans- 1 T bh 000x500 .042 X10


25Dmn 12 2
h= 500mm
2xx7 46mmn
Ale
-b 100 mm cable =553 KN
3 2 8 mm
L lo.Am
Spacng
Fo b Id0 0
e casle x 10001636 KN
328
2 3 . s KN
e
APel 2-3. 5 KN/m

168 6 195 X (1o 4 00)


A pretress e l X
2 mm
8ET 838 0 4 2 X 10'0

4 5X23. 5 x (10400)
5
L mm
3 84ET 384 X 38 X1. 0 4 2X0'

2 . 2 mm T
A .2 9
Long erm Deflections Uneracked Seetion

Tni tial dekaction dus t sustained ransyeue


loads(DL+
S C+ ) F i r a l dlection due t sustaned trauveue

Leods

SiToi tial dokectien du o pretreas

F i n a l d}attion diue topretress

P: , i4Pi.-AL 2

(1AL
P
2Pil
T AL S,(14(14)+i, Air +
s (1
t(1 P
AL
2P;
&etlpi
P
e t : + etlre. sel P

etlP
Aet/P: + Au17:P
AelPt bAclPe
Atlp L+
Lecte -21

Exomple- Post tanstbnad ro des &annng


1 72490 X1o°
L 30. m

h13 00 mm
eenten 5 8 O belss NA n alor ue cabla
1 1 0 abeve NA
esuPpo t
aitial pratring2rce Yo 3 2 0d kN
t 0 .0 . 8 KN /

E 34 M

1.6
Loss 4Ppyetr ew 15°7,
(a) 1stantaneeUs dehlaction du p r e x t r e s t sel wiht

b) Reltant ma long m dalation allesing t la 5}


prestras and csap con creti

14 1 50

5%0 mm

A - (o Dhe t pTestses ,Tastataneoua dele t o n ,

P.L(5e,-
43ET
e)
3200 KN x (30x1o)'m (5 x 5 90 70)
AX14 K x 2 490 x 10 mm
m

66. 5 mmn
t D +LL
tantauneow dl}laetan
4
L
D + LL
8 4 ET
5 9 8 (20ox 10*)*
- 4.mm
384 X 34 2 490x 10°

Lon
tem dehlo etion
D u to presTse,
t P o -A F.
A P. + 2

Po

P +

0.15 P - 0.19
Po
o.15 +I 6 (1- 0.5
So 6C.5 x -
5Smm T

Due To DL ustainod load4).

S
3 84 ET

A62 mm

14) di, Du
= (1+ 1.6)*A 6 2
20 mm
Defleetien vaeked Membe
Rea v

Tdeali sed unve


e

Stata &} c7ocks mnitad

stot ro cki
b
stot 6decompres1pn

sML

S Mas datlectien
L Efferti ve span
M= M O oeam
Cconcre
E medulus elastici ty
2 moment sf ania eivalant
rd
ttasnsosmad eracked section

BA conttank dapending upbn end condtiois


ption ven sect ion and load di«Tsibutin
M

M w a ( l -a)
a

w/ w

B 3 4 (a/L)
48( - a/L)

AS
Wa

4 )
1 2
a

M
2-0

23

BTinean Mthod 1963 Eunopean Gncrda Commi tta)

M
Csacked secton
M
ncacked
Setion
?Cnvatuwne

M- cY
0-85 E T

MY c ratkinq MDMRnX

M momentt which dle etion seqied


1 second moMant ola uncyacked sectien

Second mo
omint aca 3 cYacked qivalent
Cencrel sectien.
1 netia
ESfective Mo men o

T ) 7 ,, * (
M M

OSs6ecttoo abot centtidas a i

Medulus s uptun 6 cocreta

istance 6betton etrem be m


BOT
centr eidal

160mm
txample
m

50mm 320 mm

1
4
E 3X 10 N
e 105 mm
f 4
As4 7 154 mm
Po 18 2 kN
2 230X 0.
A 31 4 00mm T 3400 X10 M Z 7+
valuat dalleetie
Vsw 0.16 kN) m E mo

(aPestres t s e weghr
)Pestves t e t t LU 6 k (apn 6

t) Crac king Load

d) 15 times w okin Load

Ans-Pr
Pet1e,
Short teom 8 PoeL 8 2 X 105 X (6 x 1000)
ET 3 0 X 3100 x1D

4 5 mm
S wiit
Sx 0.6 x (6 x 1000
Shert t m d 1D00
384 G 38A 30 3400 103
.16 mm
Live Loool,
5x(100)
5 100 0) (6000)"
Shert Kem, s
3 3A E 324 3G 3400 0

1 mm

() 4 Nmm ( (Tensile)

A
Mer -

182 x 10 92 x 10 10D5 Mc 4 A
4 230 X 0
34 o 230X 1D

5 8+8.3 MeT4
230X 10

+ M.Y 4 1. 6 3 kN m

41. 6 3

A1 6 3 X8 = 9.25 KNm
ye
oo)"
5 ye
Ver L
5*1 25 x(6o
Shent tRrm dek etion
8 4 X 3D X 3 HDOX 10
384E

14.1M
S weiqt+tLt Additio nal load . 25 kN[

.76 +6 A dditional Loo d q. 25

A ddi tional Locd 2.4 u Nm


(dy WL O76 6 6 . 6 kN/m
0 l 4 KNM>
5 WL 5 Y6.76 ting loo.d
cYocking
q.25kn Jm)
Ituati0n tKacks ofte Chackinq load u eceedod
s
2
M wL
2
M 0.14
6 000)

d 160
M 45.63 k Nm +105
65
b mAps (d *) mm

ZTTTITDTITZ)
mAps 6X 15 A
60 6x154 ( , *) Mm

D #0mm

NA s ihin klaneg y 6K.


Hence, assumpten 5

/M
M
mstd
41 6 3
Mc =O 912
124 (320 -55)
MM
64.8x/0m
3

mAt d ,
-

*)
3 1 0 O X 10 m
3
232x1 m

letio

Y M MtY 1 6 . 3 mM
0.85 ET
22

tisk Coe DaqAam)


EN 1 99 2 1-I - 1 Cracked

fE Sectiob

E >tes Cs1engt u
styain Cencyela.)

mbTthan 1MPa,wncYack ed 3etion


teAm, then cYacked sectin
>1N)nnm2 long

1bettem
h

ttom
Calelation NA

concreT ditribwtion n tensle Zenc


(A) Negle cting

Z A

Ecivalene
Sect dD

(B) onc 1 in ensen also vuint 80meR tenston

Tensile Sosce Ch a) xb

fes
s (
L even Am, LA Ch )
Conc yete
Momen Resisfecd by

TXL A x(h-x) b
MeT 3 (d )
Moment resiste d by ConcYela in

M M 4 M

Met M T
wavt we oduced
by net
Mt
Shrinkas Cwraturs
esKe Ss
sHR
E
S ivst Mo ment 5 as
I+
the reinkorcemannt abbu
creep c bekeen
centioid cracked/pes
&ecttsn

I -
MT evacked que8 etion

Jetal Cwyatw

LT ,PE RM LTOT ERM Ye,sHR

L ehecti ve
23
Lectun

fost tentioned concrete bea


Fxample
E 20o kN
L 5 m
Pan abote cable
E23kN mm
400 16 wives mm
4 N/
Mm

enta 140 2
b- 200 mm èes3001
Support
00 - (209-14
1 itial stres= 1000 NMM
3 4 D
0.8
Loss atto =

load incsive
s l weigis 40kN/
Pen man ent
Jota loadl inc ludes non
p emanes weighk =
50 kl/
B sitiak
Calculate dong ton de sbeam sing tion

Coda 8S EN 1 4 2 -t - 1 pectcations ov t olsuing

Cay
-

a) Nealecting tinsile vuutance Ccencyec


b) Considaring tenile reistance S Conce

tansile vesisTance SConCrela


BO5-(a.) Naqtacting
Preperties ectio,
A 2 b0x 400 9 1Dd
3
200 X 4do
bh 10. 6 X 0 MmM
12

5.33 X10

33 6

2
AS 16 x 4 616 mm
Sitial prextrealng ce'= As o 616 x 160o
= 616 N
Final prestr essing otee o =
0.3 616
4 2 kN
Avg 6nt Eial and inal 1644 2 55 4k
2

Delectin duue topsestvesing e


5 PeL Pa abolie cable

5X 6I6 x140 x 5000). M XkN Xx mm

A3 3 3 10.6 4x 10 mm
M

= 6.3 mm

P, LT

6.3# -0. 2 + 2 (i - ) )|

= 6.5 6rn
Cracking oad
Effeetiva psestresing ce = 492 kN

M
Tensen
sOT
3
4 92X A2 10 x140 M A
&10
5.33X 10 5.33 x10
M
= .o4
5.33xID*
M 123 kNm

Crackinq Load 8M = 8X123


39. 4 N/n
5
C v a t u o wn den total and pamanrnt locds
nslanMan eous

Jotal Load 50 kNm

emanent load 40 kN/m


Beam cracked

40X5 2 5 kNm
M

SoX 5 5 6.25 KN m

I astantaneus cwwalwz mdan total lad


TL

cwv aTwe unde P m a t load


Tstontan eeus

M TL

TL ETer

1 Calulation

d
Tensile concwea sneqle eTed
Ke Aps
LIZZTUUI7ITZA

Apsd
2

200 X = 6.06 616 x (3 40-a)

=95 mn
-
+ Asd-) 290.9 X10 Mon
TL M. (15 6.25-125) x 16
T ETeY 33 X 10 2&0 108

3.39 x 10 wmm
LOnS tan cuvalune wndan Penmanent Load
Ler
E)T +2
33
M

206

(E)T1e7)LT
(T LT Calculatien
b Ae) LT Aps Cd-x)
100
=100 = 18.18 x 66x 340 -)
m m

(T T ) . e) T A,s d-)
6 . 2 3 x1Dmn
6
2 5 X 10

PL
1Yox6.28x 10

Shrinkoap Cuhvawa
Es

cs 300 10 -6
s
8

6.23 x 10
T
Aps Y 340 26 5
615 X 267.5

3
0 6 4 x 10 M M

6
300 X 10 X 18.13 0 . 1 6 4 10
. 2Y 19
m
6. 28 x 10

Ttal Long Jenm Cwvatwa

T TL , PL

( 1 8 + 3.38 + . 4 2) x 10

22 8 x 10°mm

Long tesm dokction


5 x5000) 22.8
SpLG) 46
x10

9. 4 mm
Fin a dekla ction, S 59. 4 6.57
fina
A 2, mm

cb) onsidwring eni reistance 5concvelc

M net

PL d-

=25 1 0
3 40 95

1 1 . 2 9X 0 N mn
M 1 e

b h-

56. 25 - 2

43 53 N m
Md M ef

,PL
TL P
MT
Considein q tesleesistand
9x 10
x 7=16-8 x 0
(E LT
125

Jotal long tem C vaX wn&

PL TL
6 163+3.38 4+ 42) x 10
- 6

- 6

56. 21 Mm

ieal 56.24 6.5 -

3.4 mmy
Lectue - 2 4
Steses teel at load taqes u a p1 estressed
element suhj e to ailuna
timata
stren |
F

Tntial Rein forced


Prestses, spo D Bindod
l n bindad

Effective
Pyaatses, fspoo
Utin a t
airda) Wesking Gracki Lead
Load Load Load

petses and
and
app iad
Petseu
sleal dua To
8B:F.P stiess in
no erna oad
Tneudes immed iata losse Anchovage sip,
Elatic hestenin

B-C: eTm wosk MAVed

Jhe se weiqht element stanl acting.


ncYease a atvess level due to DL moMeAt
moMent

F s p ,o Areductian n prettes dus o cxeeP

slTes selaxation
&hrinkaak and
(Time dependent loss)
E ended slTain compatiki t u beIween cencver and
steel

-e ONDED UoTm tsain t o o ugharut steet


6 tress u
T a 10 N/m
cohcselo2

m6 stvess n »teel 6 x 1 o 60 NMm2

Nea igable Compaed o F .PS o0 000 N /mm

Tise n &t sen (ovels


ymar ginal

FF Cracking
Jensi le stress aexttema bre
Lead yeacha Cvacking s t r e

(Modulus sRuptwa)
Secti00 modulus 6exoss 3eetien
&mala.
ecomes
Jensile stress yeaisTed bcencsete
ntensi le zene trans omed to
steel at he sama load.

I h e entise tensileoree hen


n s k e r d Te zmalle anea
&teel causes oa
udden jump
8ts

F,G
ren seed
J Con c l
teal
Jha Tat increase tses
Much lorgen than it was in the

Pe cack1nq 8lage
When teel eache desiqn timat Load,

he wtimate mDment
the STcunce u Yeached
9 Rein dced (oncseTe,

stess un PssMissibe
steel stess

Load A b eam
Woskina sev 1ce
Lead

Design can be done uing init stat pPYO ach

&euice
pad app veach wovking stveu)

(6t, sgevice load

P R Lnean behavioun
SL
Lsad

S, Patrased ConerT Elemunt D etgo

envice Load and cov sespdndieg


ds1gndasa smada using
stresit neces»aNy t caleulat timat leasl
the

capa.csty 6 Aectieon o given imiting tsessin matenials,


nd co mpane the SCma wit Te9wired capaci Cy sectido.

load
tress in steal: 7he latisnship between appled
a stes Ln tendon al
load
Schvice load and ste n tend on twtimale

wt YsL

FSs pied load i nt CLnea

hcph does not even etant al 0r1gin


lewal dasiants nos m a l de based dn
6ased n allewakl
allswable
Less ot Apa ds nd a dheck u mads
tor
apacty &etien ( a r load) wing mtig
t veses malenials.

Flexwral Design ing AUDwable Stresses at Sevice L

o ch nsuld not
net 6e constdarad a
wovking
stre apYoa ch since the stses and not eisalu d
om alwne stres ingoctos safet
Jh seses as
based en seviceabi t ty tha
Membeen tsenvice load .

Moveovo, t h a wiA be a check en kaiuna capacity

based en imt&tati appToa ch . Hence it s caled


gevice Load stsess approa ch.
Stess unde sevice lead any load em
Y

Le oc&Caqe t eutee load stagr contsol tha das ign


Duian SPrestseased Concseta Elemant consiata

S electen and psoposTiening the Cen Cret sectien al

Seleetion 5Prope valurs 6pres tsesing ores


be peied at the initia staqe and the peinu

applicatiBn t h s oTTLEA Callad ecc enivit i e with


espect To centoidal sediem

h t yases concse at salient p Mts &hsuld nt


exeecd he permiusible stveses value undn anu

eombintien Loaods and a t a n y s ad stagp pie

zeno stassehviee stagr


ectuh 25

ApS
b

Deagn Vaniables

n Lo ss at1
OT Lorg Tenm
(4) (5)
(3)
(2) P-nP,

2 Sta SLoading
DL
I Jranse Lo ad
2

P 6 MPa

TT.T ormw esk

A,e,o, ZT

T
Pe

C MoL

Mp

st ses
Streb
PrDile?. Pile
Jop bre Tenst T, t
-2 0

2 0
T, t
CLimiting Tenaicn)

ensle Stse

Poe CTtr
1
oMDses Bttom Fibre @ranse

2SeNice Load
DLTLL

DL +LL cT,SsL 16
C 16 MP
P

P T 2 MP c8,St -2<0
+ML

n
MLL

CompAS 10n Tennsi en


Comp-ei ve g Ye Sl th Top Fibey

P M tt M,
,SL
Jensile strea G
SL Bttom be
-(+ Mp 2 )z-s,
Z B
and PoC c mmdn
A
)4 M
O eq" CT,t7,t eT,St
nx e
T

D c and Poe
A

1 - )4 M,. 6
n e
+ eq=
es.st
M -n) M, ToP

cT, ns

DL
t L BOT
B

ZT, Zs)
LecTwa - 26
Tep enar le

ToLnsn
Fct ( M

E -M MLL
2 -6
senvice Lead cB,SL
SL
Fb c,st
BoTT

Slue er P, Pe
z(z,Z)
TOP,t

BOT, SL

7 CTOP, t

Pe BOT ,Su

.T cTO, Ts

AZE A CBDT, SL

ZTZ A TOP ts cBOT,SL

TOP ,*s c BOT,St


A
ZT cTOP, t
BOTS y A
ZT B
-

CTOP,t BOT SL
Pe
Z z

*CTOeP , t 8oT SL Z T 8
Se Ma e alu2
fF A
C7OP,t CB0T ,SL

Min

Suwtion
L 2 m Loss pretres 15
b 2 5 Omm
2 2 kNm 1 - 0 .5
VL 0.3 5
F,
b Fe, m 4

Calculata-
(a) Minimum possible deth 6 beam
and ha
b) For th ection mum
prtressing sce
corsespo ndin eccentricity

G)eck thu reult using Magnel qapkical method


Ane 0 . 1-5
0.15 0.35

Stes Limits - .4
T,t

S c c e Leod
T,S

-. 4
cB,S
6 cT, sL
CT, an
5 C-1. 4)

18.

CB,an g,ts B,SL

(-1a)
5. 85
(a
(a Sectien Moduls

Z Ms C1-n)+ M,, ecceticite


B, an

ZT MpL (1 -n)+ MLL cb,5aMg 6eC8,Tag


6T n 15.85 8.14

(bhe) L"
Ms bhX2 A x 12
A3 bh Nn

2
VLLL 2 *2 2) 6 km

L 1 - n ) +M

CB, ang
432 bh (I- n t 216 X 0

5.35
2
66O.4 h 6 2 0o h t 216 X 0

5 0n m M IMum possible depth

h 50 mm
250mm

5 x0

a. 50 0
4 3 32b5 6372 k N

216 KNm

9. 2 k Nm
2

MDL .A 63.72 10
TOP T,t ZT 14. 1 0

- 5.49

CT MLL
ML +M

G
- .4 2 7 . 7 2 X10
85 8 5 X 4.SX 1

2 0 5

A
P
CZTfTop TOP
t
Z BDT

5.79 + 2 . o5)
2
e
5.4 225 N

0T CTOP
A
Z CTOP

=
I42 .9 mm

LL
9. 29mM
Lectune 27

agnels AppYeack
Eauat9 - 7analen

P MDL

To, ti Mo
CTOP

CTDP tr

cTOP, ts

cTOP,t<

e7
CTOP, CTOP,ts

ntercept
Solutio teP tY

m t

CTOP,ft
cT,t

TOP,t
aten

L BOT ,t:
2

BOT
1 + ,
CBOT, t r

Lntercept O

inte c e p t : Ce O
BOT, t

S e t i on

o )

Euatien-3 Seice Lo ad
n/-P, M
M) 2 6ToP,SL

o ML
CTOP,SL

10P, SL A 2

A eT

7CTOP, su
2

TRtercept eT
T
ntevcept
P
TOP, SL
5L M
LL
TOP, SL
TOP, SL

CTO1, t ( - CTOP,ty, f T OP SL

cTOP ,SC
TOP,t

C TOP, SL CTOP,t

inter cept ntescept


eqpation e9uati en O

Euat n 4 +pL +ML -


BOT, SL
MpL M
BOT, SL A 2

T,sL

BOT, Slo
intercept:A o

tates cept e 0
eD T L n
M
L
1 SL cDT , sL

T, t BOT , t

BOT S
BOT, t

cB0T
7 , SL
c80T,

Ma
-

e =>
max e

24 A
maX
Lectwe - 28
Maane& Approa ch

ExaMp l
Deign es TZB,P, e

(
CEPTst
(,4)
-
(3,4)
TOP, onq
cSOT t r (2,3m i n max M+-n)M
)
(
COT , 10
TOP,ts z Z,

cTOP, sl

Tensile Lmt 4 , Compressive Limit-1

A bh
5 O mm
250 mm
ZT Z -b
b

nealty

MoL
(%-) CTOP , t s

MoL
. 4

YbhL/

2 4 KAN 2
250 mm x 5 80mm X )

2 50 X 5g0
3

A.A64 Nm2

) A . A6 4 4 . A 5.86A Nmm
A
A
580 5.86 4A
5.864 x

Tneuali ty

P 6C.BOT,t7

6 4.464 17

6 XIXe
21. 46S4 50x 21,46 4 P

Tneaal ty
P + +MLL
MpL 7LL
TOP,S
L (o. 95 .3SX6e .94 17
5 80
ML vutL/3
T

22kNn x4.4 64
24 X0.5IX025 KN/m

5 4) N /mm
p t
MLL

X 0 9 5 e
2 3 4 55
A 5 80

6XO.g 5 e .85
P 580 2 . 374 2.8+4

eaality

) MD
B
CBOT , SL
0-85+0.85 x 6e
A 520
1.3+4 < . 4
A .85 . 8 5 y6 e
P 8. 41A 580X 18.414

Nos, nequalit
3
.16x 10 -01A 05

4
4.9196 x 0 eet4.65&9 x 10
neali
ty 3,
O.O03064 e o 29 6167 7AP
neapa t y ,
4601x 1o+D. 47597 x 10e
Leetue 2
Shean
Elastrc dkaory M+dM
M)+dM
M

BMD

A bA
NA H
SF

HexiHosi2ontak shi fovce


(Mtd M)_

J)AA H CM+ dM) dA

H SydA

M V

Tb

NA
( -y)3) (E

C max V b2
Ta Sb
P estressed Beams

P
P P -P

P V =V P
P

Load Balancing

Pe MaA
,L
MD
Pain Ptn e
SFD
- A e MaX

d -4 ema
L

-A e MaX
y 0 L

2
V.
Lectms-30

Eample Spon tenath, L 10 m


Apsh 300 v5
ps
Y = 25 K 25 KN

P.180*N
Clculata pincpal tensipn tn bean (ay wit Prest e
Cb without psestress

M 5 0
5X10
max
62. 5 kNm
()
A Bppo r t , M 0

2 5 kN
2 5 10
na
= 1.04 2 N/mm2
3
1901 5
6A A 20 300
=
/mm

6
6
MN M

6
M S 1.04 2)
N O,1.042)

M (-5,-1042)

NCO, 10 42)
5 (2 xt.0 42) 5.4)

R 2 . 0 s5 N/mm
2.5)= .20s5 N/mm

-2 5 2. 6 8 5)= 5.20 85 N/mm

b ut p:estreu

NA

M O , - 1:04 2)
N (O 1.34
N
2)

l -0 42

5 . 042
M

ntical Prestres
TFT

Loaded
Sacking Flan
cds

Rottom an
Netically tens tD ned
st ps used n 7hen hydnalc
prleniDned eam ack ovce
and precast pTestsem

Eanple 5 2.5 N/m Natical psestyessing


5 5 Nm2 Horizontal prtres
7 0.7 A
M(- 5 , - 0. 4)

N(- 2.5, 0 4)
25
M

5
5

N 2.S

(-3. 75,o)
R 1. 45262
3 5 , 4526 2
6 -2 29 3 3N/mm

66 (-3.75 - . 4526 2) = - 5 2o 262 NM

Eample 18 48*N

A1.4 O12k

14.6 720 KN

.A0.

Acs 3 2000 0 in
N 5 2 O kN
T Mn

40 X36 X(366+ 40+16 41.4 18


min AA X NA
56332 ins
5 20 XIo®x56332
T
3020000 X 2 4 19Lb/m2
A NA NA 24Y 14. 6
NA

334 Lb S55 90

S J T-S#=i2) b/in
NA (0 + 3347 ol2
10
0.8 LL/
Lectwu 3
Shaa Resiatance

Cencrei,V
Mechani3m &k c racktng

O Web shoa czacks

Flexwe shean eracka-> N Te

1S: 13 43 20t2
tmpical e n a t en
Shaan Resis tanee Section Coacked due to web Sha

D bb

b w
D oveall dep th
4
- 0.2 x
m.a imuM pinipal tanston (magnitude)
centxoidal ia due to pxest s e
Compress ive atres ax

Jun ct von o lange ond web

tensile tress 0. 2 4 .
Pincipal
Cvacked in Flexune
Shoa Reaistance 6Sectons

M.V
( o.55 fP M
T,bd +

peetective prest 1eM attn all lsaes<0.64,


characteristie. stenath 6 pTe st yesting
Pre

= timala shs an cap acity sconcrelc


bbo
d diatance dk extsem compYessron khre Zo cenrie
tendens.

V, M shean, mpman seclton s a t e e s t

M mement eqused to p eduuce zed streu u


M.
concYe at dep th d.

M..1

s t e due to psestresaingosce at daptt d

1NA ps
Gada TCrnax)
3 5
MS0
M35 34
M4D A.0
M45 A.3
M50 4.6
M55 abre 4-8
dasig zhcan tv ength

00Aps M30 M35 MA0 2 above


bd

<D5
.25

O50

3. 00

V S h e a n eststare
a D a n shca
eLnoscement O.4b S,
MinmM
o.8+ y
uhee Asv
C
DS s &ccttooal a n e a
etive n aoan

2 leg3ad ¢2)
Asv
Asy 2 (
stiups
spaing k V =min YeNewatirvups

chanatautics STreng 5steel yeinoxLement

V V r vov ide sti ups

V 0.5 Ve = V > 2 Vu
L Cod empt use shaas eLntoleminl

Shear resutance Design s hea

Asy Sy (V-Ve)
0.8 fy d t

dt dapt em external cempressten bre ethen t


lonqutudinal ba centroid tendlons.
Cantileve is e a t a greolan

o . + 5 dt
(s Max

tat era

S < 0 . 5 dt

Lo
aspacing s individual les s t i r ups
acoss setiDn
1000mm
YCw?

A 3 x 10 m
M 50
T 50 mm 20m
500m
B 050 mm
8 0 0 mm

4 A00mm
2 2924 ID mn
-500mmn-
415 N (m

6 3
mm

2 7 8 x 10 m

P 6053 KN 50 N 2
t aK
0. 85 E0. 2 4Nf 0.24 S0
tt
. 7 N/m2
Centoidol Ax
St «e>s

Support M-0
6053X 10 N 3.04 Nmm2
A
O0-85 *. 3 10

0.6 b?f,+ 0. 8f
O.67 150x 18O0 )+0.3 X 7.04 X1.

309 KN
Qwestio V lexune Shea»Resiatance
D 3 00 mm

bw 5 0Mm
5 4 5 mm T
e 7 5 5nm
100 mmn
f 45 N/mm2 b
TecP 3 Nnm
M 2 130 KN fe 590 N
V 23*KN
T 665 x 10*on Aps 2 310 mmfpu
2
150 N
Ans- M. = p T 0 . 8 x 19.3 X 66 5 x10
Ans M,
755

=136O Xo N mm

100 Aps 00 2310 =I.4


bd 50xIIO0

45 MA5

Aps M40 and abore


bd
o75
25
I50

4 O 4
-

0.7 4
(140 125)
T 0.
50 125

O.+4

V (1 -

55peTb. d+ M,V
M
x I0o
+360 X(23+x10
X . F 7 X150 2130
5 0D

2 40k N
Lectwa32
ACT Code 31S **
Shean esia tance

V cus WU eb sheas yesstance

PinCipal Jensies

L 4 web csacking

2 +F ,

f . - 3.5F
T =3.5( 3.5S

C14 1+ (4 -)
2

+0 5

Tc
Tcw 3.5 F +0.5 6 .5JF)
3.5 +0.5 S
e .5f +0. 3 6

3.5+ 0.3

3.5F (+3.5
3 . 5 fe +0 3 5

3.5

F lezwe shea era cking, Vei.


1A

shean

A
Flex w

a v e n sect en 1
covselaTad wi th

at distance e
0omation &a.xual ya ck
sectipn unden considoatton

CrOASaection menstdns
(2a ahsa uhieh swnetien &6
aund strength sconcela

Vc . 6 bd x f + M
Me
N
TDL
Shean dut to
Ve
bdF

23 4 5 6
Mey

epeseni h aAditional shaan wuch


. 6b d
Cause tha initial laxwhe cratk to
become inclinod cvack

Mamemeni when ex u e csack ing occs

restres DL Extn Load


Pe
T.

CompreRioA CompreADA

Tension Tnsio

MpL t
fert
6F Jnsion to causi
Cva ck

F FLetfe Gf
P

M (6 tp vL)
bettom ber dus
( N Pe CBMp LslÐA n

o D pvestyess
M
M

M a) Me
-
Load distibutipn
( ) depends

M L

L- 2

Dvopped d/2 tenm


Simp f i c a t i o n

DaoppRd p1 tam

+ M.,
Vei . 6 b dNf M
Lectuns 33

Anche raqe Fley une


peinds proxt sess ond
tannen bond stess

Tntenmedsate
pointu

9 no bond

3
bo nd,

2
se d +u T d L p d
L
UTT d

L (psse)d

k
PS

se
B P
Shoinkinq diamelkn
Loss ontact,
bond <esitance educed &Lat
sin k sire aflen A A

F
E
A
A

Zeo
Pzest s es E
A
LE
Length Trans
A' A
Slip
dhesion agt otvonstaa and and

Destroys
most 5 qation.
nechanical eitan ce
6 cor
Pernt s
between ateel
Bond s e s s iad hietioneto
CenCTele
and

L (1+A)( 2ptpe
ba
urk, od amele &k
Coelicient aition
Poissea's ratid oncra
S PoissDns7atio stead

me du ln Tatio

Yanasmodulus 6concvele

itial restvess in stael


f
Efective pretreu n steel
Based an Ex penimens

-Flex unal b end sTvess between concee 2 stec( At


apO6lem Pre cking taqs sevice Lead
Afte Ca ck1n

*Junmps in flexunal brnd stveu

*HeweNen nt a ia8 based on expeximen/tat

Flewe Cracked at C,
Bond Tnc seased tveu
Lenqth

B Lstye endons ndas


NosnaU Loadd befre
catking

Distance
L
Bsnd stres daveloped
om C to

i.ebond length b 8verlaps


tBanse denah L
Pwlinqg 6 tenden
om concyele..
Lect 34
staticaly daferminate Analysis Prestre eams

P
Pe
-Pe

(Hoan

R2

RL/2 ET

RL

AR 72ET xL EET
Wthet suppo

Pe

dukle ttiv
p o fila
AAB A EL
AP PEL2

AP AR

PEL RL3

2T
R 3PE

-
Samply SuppYed heam
t peatrey
(wiheu uppoT )

P3May momant t

seconclary mOmet

A -Pe

2L

Dment SF D

2
3Pe
2
Pe
Psimay Momenlu
Psimo

(2)
ArA
B

(3)
M ()
V) =
KBC 4ET
L

MAB A M8
Fiyed end 0.5 O.5
Momgnk

O O
3Pe
2L
Et
Pe Pe Pe
Couple
Pe ) Pe
Pe Pe 2

3 Pe
2L

Eromp le
R

77

Slep-) Col culalu PiMar MoMpnt (M) Aue to pyestves


Stmply auppo r ted condi tion

E
A D B
B
V (A)-P
Stp2: Calculoto shea Jorce
ste-3 Cakculati capavalens Inod 9() ?
M
AV V

7
M AM
A

V
Ax t (v+ Av)
-

AV -A *
AN

O M 4 AM) -(V+ A V)6x q Ax Ax-

AM
N

Pe 2
MA M-
Panab olic U DL

M
,**C,

M - 2
+C +C2

M O x O+ C, Xo + C
C
Ye t c,()
M 4c,L

-P
e
- 4 PL

PL (

-)1 (.)
max
M() =2
t
V (a)= -
ma

L,111 L

2
m an L

C1111
2
(11111) )2

Max L

M
BA
O.5

fired end 2

Mom@nt
L Vma
L L

2 2

2
Vm Vnox

2 24

,Vmax L
Lectuh -35
Linea scnsos mation
2. Concosdant Cable

P o

M
Re
MOMLt ->
Secondan
3
2

R e s t a t Momnt

Pe

Thrwt line C-CnR

A
P

M = uraa d M constant

Pe;

BA0

MB
0.5 0. 5
FEM

Re P -?e

Pe
2 2

Resultant Momant
Pe
Pe
-) Pe
Reltond mo mot
e

Te e
Resukanl P
Se condary Mo Menf Mbnant
M6mOAf

RM M,

-Pe e
Pe P Pe et
2

ine

w be S mR

Loeas sanukos mattoa

ohan ositions stha c.q.s


the
una (ov C-Uu
conTinuows beam
moved ovehe in ter ios spe s a

whot alonging e intrinsic shape sCns


to euvaturs bendls) i t i n each i'n div idual
(ie
SPO
Sp O t
ins aid to be inewly transko Ymed
cen tin ue beam Cne can be ltnea

by a n s k imsd wiet chan ging +he OSti8

T e S t ant

Conco dart Cable

Concodant cable in a continuDus bem is a c.


he
Wne hieh Poduces C C une coL Cdent with
C9.S ne.
) C 'na
a 0
M, 0
omant Resuont Momant

Resulant Mo mat
Pimay Mom
Pe So lagou e able 2ama

this mannah

C-g.s cu'ns

Con co sdant Cable


a continuBus beam
heovem. t v ey 2a monant diag 7am

tombination 6
en n0n settin Supposts, psoduced by any

tronsverse Lo ads o memanls, p lstted


exTesna loads , wheth e
con ces d a n t cab le in
T a n s Cala , is ne lecation a
habam

Pyeot
loads 1
Rexultant BMD dua to thu A
00 continuo ws beam i2 compulid au ch
a

BMD (8a
that dalection supp o-t i z e u ,

Ang c s n e lwing that dieghan -

w pro dun ce zimi la Momet duaghan


aso p o duce
3he c
3e-q.s lne wiU

delection @ sPfpers.
Hence t in oaees noeations
Hence conc0vdant cable. T o concesdant

cable

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