Agriculture Notes Class 10
Agriculture Notes Class 10
Agricultural – old economic activity; Cultivate methods – Cotton, jute, hemp & natural silk – major fibre crops –
changed – Physical environment, technological know-how, India; All except silk – derived – crops; Silk – cocoons –
socio-cultural practices; silkworms – feed – green leaves (esp. mulberry). Rearing –
silkworms – production – silk fibre – sericulture;
Land Size Pockets of India; Small Areas – high population - Single crop – large area;
patches of land; pressure – land; Large tracts – land – capital
intensive inputs;
Special Slash & burn Want higher Want high productivity; Interface of agriculture &
Features agriculture; Farmers - production; ‘Right of Degree – industry; Produce – raw
clear land patch, inheritance’ – division – commercialisation – materials – industries; Tea,
produce cereals & land – successive region to region; Rice – Coffee, Rubber, Sugarcane,
other food crops; Soil generations – land- commercial – Haryana Banana; Tea – Assam &
fertility decreases – holding size & Punjab – Odisha – North Bengal; Coffee –
shift & clear new land; uneconomical – Subsistence; Plantation Karnataka; Production –
Nature replenishes soil maximum output – is a form of commercial market – develop – transport
fertility; Land limited land – absence farming; & Communication network –
productivity – low – no of other source of connecting fields, industries
fertilizers & modern livelihood; Pressure – & markets – development –
inputs; agricultural land; plantations;
Status of Staple food – majority – Second – important – cereal Jowar, Bajra & Ragi; Jowar Food & fodder crop; Largest producer & consumer;
crop in India population; Second largest – crop; Main food crop – – third – important – area Major – protein – veg diet;
China; North & North west India; & production; Largest consumer – variety of
pulses produced;
Temperature Kharif; Above 25 degree C; Rabi; - Kharif; 21-27 degree C; Some Tur (arhar), urad, moong
states – Bihar – Rabi; (Kharif); Masur, peas, gram
(Rabi);
Physical High humidity; Bright sunshine – ripening; Jowar – rain fed; moist Grows well – old alluvial soil; Less moisture – survive – dry
Conditions Cool season; areas; hardly any conditions;
irrigation; Bajra – Sandy
soil & shallow black soil;
Ragi – Dry regions; Black,
sandy, loamy & shallow
black soils;
Special Areas – less rainfall – irrigation; - Coarse grains – high Modern inputs – HYV seeds, Leguminous crops (not arhar) –
Features Development – dense network nutritional value; Ragi – fertilisers, irrigation – increase restore – soil fertility – fix
– canals & tube wells – areas – iron, calcium, micro production; nitrogen(air); Rotation crops;
less rain – Punjab, Haryana, nutrients & roughage;
West UP & parts – Rajasthan;
Areas Plains – North & North East 2 wheat growing zones – Jowar – MKAp – KMpUp – Karnataka, MP, UP; MpRMUpK - MP, Rajasthan,
India, coastal, deltaic areas; Ganga-Sutluj Plains – North Maharashtra, Karnataka & Maharashtra, UP & Karnataka;
WbOBA – West Bengal, Odisha, west; Black soil – Deccan; Andhra Pradesh; Bajra –
Bihar & Assam; PHUp – Punjab, Haryana, RupM – Rajasthan, UP,
West UP; Maharashtra; Ragi –
KTnHp – Karnataka, TN,
Himachal Pradesh;
Lichi & Guava UP & Bihar Apples, Pears, JK, Himachal Pradesh
apricots,
Pineapples Meghalaya
walnuts
Grapes Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra
Great demand; India – Pea, cauliflower, onion, cabbage, tomato, brinjal & potato;
Status of Second largest – Brazil; All in 2017 – Second largest – Plantation agriculture; Beverage crop – Indian coffee – world-known – good
crop in India Groundnut – China; Rapeseed – third British; Most tea plantations – Indians; quality; Arabica variety – Yemen –
largest – Canada & China; Oil seeds – worldwide large demand;
12% - total cropped area;
Groundnut, Mustard, Coconut,
Sesamum (til), soyabean, castor
seeds, cotton seeds, linseed,
sunflower; Groundnut – half – major
oilseed procution;
Annual 75 – 100 cm - - -
Rainfall
Physical Tropical & sub-tropical crop; Grows - Well – tropical & sub-tropical climate; -
conditions well – hot & humid; Irrigation – low Deep & well-drained soil – humus &
rain areas; Variety – soils; organic matter rich; Frost free climate
(through year); Frequent showers –
evenly distributed (year) – tender
leaves;
Special Manual labour – sowing to harvest; Most – edible – cooking medium; Labour-intensive industry; Abundant, -
Features Source – sugar, Gur (jaggery), Raw material – Soap, cosmetics & cheap & skilled labour; Tea – processed
khandsari, molasses; lotions; – garden – restore – freshness;
Areas UpMKTn – UP, Maharashtra, Groundnut – GRAp – Gujrat (largest), AWbTnK – Assam, hills – Darjeeling & Introduced – Baba Budan Hills –
Karnataka, TN; Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh – 2016- Jalgaipuri district, West Bengal, TN, cultivation confined – Nilgiri Hills – KKTn
17; Kerala; – Karnatak, Kerela, TN;
Map Work –
UP –