Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally Ahmed

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Chemicals Eldin Metwally
& Reagent
[email protected]
Global Regulations of Chemicals

American Chemical Society (ACS)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Environmental [email protected]
Protection Agency (EPA)

CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service)

Food Chemicals Codex (FCC)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
(NIST; National Institute of Standards and Technology, known between
[email protected]
1901 and 1988 as the National Bureau of Standards (NBS))
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS)

OSHA Laboratory Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Chemicals Eldin Metwally
& Reagent
[email protected]
Grade of Chemicals

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

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Chemist/ Essam
Chemicals Eldin Metwally
& Reagent
[email protected]
Chemicals classified by production volume

Bulk chemicals: Produced in large quantities, usually relatively low price. Bulk chemical
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
are usually much less complex.
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Fine chemicals: Its produced at a high cost in small quantities for special applications for
technical applications. Fine chemicals may be more complex.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

Research chemicals: In effect, their price per gram is very high includes not only its
synthesis but its purification, last step in production analysis of batch lots to identify
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percentages of impurities for the buyer of the chemicals.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

Chemicals classified by production volume
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Fine & Research chemicals

Grade of Chemicals
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Technical / Commercial: grade used [email protected]
commercial and industrial purposes.

 Analytical purpose: suitable for analytical application, research and quality control.

 Purified: good quality where no official standards. Also called pure or practical grade.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Extra pure: suitable for general lab works, meet most pharmacopoeia standards.
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 Ultra pure grade: used in inorganic trace analysis where impurities must be low in the ppt or
ppb level delivered with a lot analysis certificate.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

Chemicals classified by production volume
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Fine & Research chemicals

Grade of Chemicals
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 ACS grade: Chemical grade of highest purity, reagents meets specification of American
[email protected]
Chemical Society (ACS) Analytical reagents found in most laboratories.

 AR: The standard Mallinckrodt grade of analytical reagents; suitable for laboratory and general
use. It is also meet requirements of ACS, it will be denoted as an AR (ACS) reagent.
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Reagent grade: equal to ACS and [email protected]
for use in many lab and analytical applications.

 Guaranteed Reagent (GR): It is equivalent to ACS, AR, Reagent grade, p.a.

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Chemist/ Essam
Chemicals Eldin Metwally
& Reagent
[email protected]
Inventory (check list) of chemicals

The following data fields for each item recommended for any system:
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Name as printed on the container; molecular formula.
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 Size of container or original quantity of chemical.

 CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) registry number.

 Hazard classification, as a guide to safe storage, handling, disposal.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Storage location, in laboratories [email protected]
multiple locations exist.

 On-site owner or staff member responsible for the sample.

 Date of acquisition and expired, specially for unstable chemicals

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling
 General labels
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 International symbols
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 DOT placards
 NFPA diamond

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

Material Safety Data Sheets
 Where to find [email protected]
 How to read

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Commercially packages chemicals must be contain:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Name as appears on MSDS
 Date received [email protected]

 Date first opened

 Handling instructions

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Expiration (use by) date
 Hazard information [email protected]
 Concentration or purity
 Name of mfg. or person who prepared solution

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Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Committed to manufacturers of chemicals,

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

work safety card and a brochure containing following:
 Physical properties used to identify [email protected]
substance.
 Information about the dangers of fire and explosions.
 Hazardous components are installed.
 Information on activity and effectiveness
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Ways to deal in the event of spills or leaks.
[email protected]
 List protective equipment required during use of this material.
 Private information about protection in storage and handling.
 Information health risks and precautions necessary medical and first aid.
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

(How we can read it?)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Safety signs global chemicals

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Blue : Health hazard
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 Red : Flammability
 Yellow : Reactivity or instability
 Orange : Physical hazard
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 White : Other hazards, special handling, or PPE
[email protected]
- NFPA: Corr, OXY, ACID, ALK, W
- HMIS: PPE recommendations

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Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Safety signs global chemicals

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Safety signs global chemicals

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Labeling of Hazardous Materials [email protected]

Corrosive Flammable

Irritant Explosive
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Environmental
Harmful [email protected]

Toxic

Oxidizer
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

UN numbers (UN IDs)

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[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Department Of Transportation (DOT)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]
DOT for both bulk transport and nonbulk transport

Department of Transportation (DOT) Identification numbers and the

corresponding guide numbers. Their format is xxxx yyy. The identification (ID)
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
number (xxxx) indicates that the chemical is regulated by DOT. Guide number
[email protected]

(yyy) refers to actions to be taken to stabilize an emergency situation.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Department Of Transportation (DOT)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Labeling Chemicals

Department Of Transportation (DOT)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Class 1 : Explosives [email protected]
 Class 6 : Poisons & Infectious

 Class 2 : Gases  Class 7 : Radioactive

 Class 3 : Flammable liquids  Class 8 : Corrosives

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Class 4 : Flammable solids [email protected]
 Class 9 : Miscellaneous

 Class 5 : Oxidizing substances

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Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) divided into (16) paragraph:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
1. Product definition
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2. Chemical Composition
3. A description of hazards
4. First aid
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
5. Fire extinguishing
6. Actions when spilling [email protected]

7. Conservation and dealing with chemicals

8. Exposure control and personal protection
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
CommunicationEssam Eldin Metwally
Hazards of Chemicals
[email protected]
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) divided into (16) paragraph:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
9. Chemical and physical properties
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10.Stability and interaction of material
11.Information on the toxicity
12.Material effective on environment
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
13.Methods of disposal of material
14.Transport of material [email protected]

15.Legal Information
16.Additional Information

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Chemist/ Essam
Physical Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, but become dangerous in contact
with other substances. Chemicals classified as Physical Hazards if they are:
 Explosive Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Compressed Gas [email protected]
 Combustible Liquids
 Flammable
 Unstable
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Water Reactive [email protected]
 Oxidizers

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Physical Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Flammability Limits

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

Lower flammable limit (LFL) describes leanest mixture that still sustains
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a flame, i.e. mixture with smallest fraction of combustible gas, while Upper

flammable limit (UFL) gives richest flammable mixture.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
“Caution” reflects the lowest degree of relative toxicity

“Warning” reflects an intermediate degree of relative toxicity

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
“Danger” reflects the highest degree of relative toxicity
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Chemicals are classified as being a health hazard if they:

 Can cause cancer

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Are poisonous (toxic) [email protected]
 Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or nervous system

 Are corrosive - such as acids

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Cause allergic reactions after repeated exposure
[email protected]
 Hazard factors include chemical form, route of entry, amount, frequency

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Routes of Exposure

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Inhalation
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 Ingestion

 Skin absorption
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Injection [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Routes of Exposure

 Lungs if you breath fumes, mists or dust

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Skin if liquid or dust touches or spills on you or splashes in your eyes
[email protected]

 Mouth if you eat after handling chemicals

 Accidental swallowing of a chemical

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Duration of Exposure

Acute exposure: Short-term (less than a day) dosing by a chemical. If toxic

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
expressed as “acute toxicity” single episode can cause great damage.
[email protected]
Chronic exposure: Expression of toxic after repeated exposure to a chemical
in doses regularly applied to organism for a time greater than half of its life-
expectancy. If toxic expressed as “chronic toxicity”
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Sub-chronic exposure: Toxic expressed after repeated for a time frame less
[email protected]
than half life expectancy of organism – but more often than a single dose or
multiple doses applied for only a short time.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicity

The characteristic of toxicity if it:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Contains a listed carcinogen at a concentration ≥ 0.001% by weight.
[email protected]
 Has acute LD50 or LC50 less than the specified levels of 2,500 mg/Kg 10,000
ppm or 500 mg/l or LD 50 dermal less than 4,300 Mg/Hg.

 Contains any substances at or above the concentrations list as toxic.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicity

 Organisms can’t differentiate between “natural” and “synthetic” chemicals

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 “Synthetic” does not mean toxic [email protected]
or poisonous

 “Natural” does not mean safe or even low risk

 Chemicals evaluated in their biological context of behavior in organisms

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Mode of action, not source, is concern of toxicologists
[email protected]

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

The dose determines level of toxicity

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]
Dose = Concentration X Exposure time

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Median lethal dose LD50

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
LD50 : Amount (dose) of a chemical which produce death 50% of a population
[email protected]
of test animals after a specified test duration. Normally expressed as mg of
substance per kg of animal body weight (mg/kg)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Median lethal dose LD50

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
For example, acetone has the following LD50
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 ORL-RAT LD50 5,800 mg/kg
 IHL-RAT LD50 50,100 mg/m3-h
 SKN-RBT LD50 20 g/kg
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Which is more toxic? [email protected]
 Chemical A: LD50 = 3.2 mg/kg Chemical B: LD50 = 48 mg/kg
 Chemical A is more toxic (less of it proves fatal to half of a given population)

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Median lethal concentration LC50

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
LC50 : The concentration of a chemical in an environment (generally air or
[email protected]
water) which produces death in 50% of an exposed population of test animals
in specified time frame. Normally expressed as mg of substance per liter of air
or water (or as ppm) mg/L
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Action level means a concentration [email protected]
designated in 29 CFR part 1910 for specific
substance, calculated as 8 hour time-weighted average, which initiates certain
required activities such as exposure monitoring and medical surveillance.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
The concentration to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short
[email protected]
period of time without suffering from: irritation, chronic or irreversible tissue
damage narcosis of sufficient degree to increase likelihood of accidental
injury, impair self-rescue or materially reduce work efficiency.
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit: established by OSHA for personnel exposure to

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
air contaminants, assure that employees' exposures to such substances do not
[email protected]
exceed permissible exposure limits specified in 29 CFR part 1910, subpart Z.

IDLH - Imminently Dangerous to Life and Health

• NIOSH recommendation; refers to acute respiratory exposure poses an immediate

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
threat of loss of life or immediate or delayed irreversible effects on health
[email protected]

OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

NIOSH : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Are all substances toxic? YES!

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 All are toxic to some quantifiable degree
[email protected]
 Sugar has an LD50 of 30,000 mg/kg

 The foresters favorite – ethanol has an LD50 of only 13,700 mg/kg

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Even water has a recognized LD50 of slightly greater than 80,000 mg/kg
[email protected]
 Toxic – LD-50 < 5000 mg/kg

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Poison
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
A Poison is a substance that causes illness or harm if someone
[email protected]
eats, drinks, touches, or breathes it.

 Legally defined term – not just anything you don’t like

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Any matter with an LD50 of 50 mg/kg or less
[email protected]
 Labels must reflect this classification

 Label must have the signal word “DANGER” plus the word “POISON”

 Label also must display the skull and crossbones icon

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Poison
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]
Unknown Toxicity

These are chemicals for which there are no known statistically

significant studies to establish their toxicity
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Use a designated work area.
[email protected]
 Use local exhaust ventilation.

 Use appropriate PPE and wash hands often.

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

 Asphyxiant – Prevents oxygen from reaching body tissue. (CO, CO2)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Allergen/Sensitizer - Causes allergic reaction which can be lethal (anaphylaxis)
[email protected]
(Iso-cyanates, organophosphates, heavy metals)

 Carcinogen - Known to, or suspected of, causing cancer. (Benzene)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Teratogen - Reproductive toxins which may do damage to the fetus. (Dioxins)
[email protected]
 Mutagen - Toxins which may damage or interfere with genetic material

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Carcinogens
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
There are no restrictions on ordering known carcinogens, carcinogens covered
[email protected]
by regulations in title 29 CFR part 1910, subpart Z, there are number of known
carcinogenic materials, and list growing as necessary.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Toxicology

Chemicals and Pregnancy

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Women who pregnant are encouraged to discuss work assignments with their
[email protected]
supervisor and to seek alternate work assignments if the colleague believes
potential for exposure to teratogens exists. If alternative work assignments
cannot be agreed upon, colleague, supervisor should contact safety office.
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

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Chemist/ Essam
Health Hazards Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
[email protected]
Chemical Hygiene Plan
 Provide means of protecting employees from chemical exposures.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Provide methods to keep exposures below Permissible Exposure Levels (PELs)
 PELs listed in the General Industry Standards, 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z.
[email protected]
 CHP shall be readily available to employees, review and update plan annually.
 Have the following elements:
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

- Criteria for control measures
- Methods to insure lab hood functions
[email protected]
- Employee information and training
- Prior approval for hazardous operations. Provisions for medical consultations
- Assignment of chemical hygiene officer. Annual review of the CHP plan
- Emergency procedures
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ EssamSafely
Handling Chemicals Eldin Metwally
[email protected]
General Rules

 Never touch, taste, or smell any chemical

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Notify supervisor immediately if chemicals have spilled.
[email protected]
 Dispose of chemicals properly as directed by supervisor. Do not pour them
into the sink or trash.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Use only chemicals listed in the investigation and do not substitute other
chemicals for the ones listed. [email protected]

 Always pour acid into water not water into acids.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ EssamSafely
Handling Chemicals Eldin Metwally
[email protected]
General Rules

 Wash any acid or base from your skin immediately.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Use a pipette bulb. Never pipette [email protected]
liquids using your mouth.

 Read the labels before using a chemical.

 Do not pour extra chemicals back into original container.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Never use same spatula for all chemicals.
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 Do not lay stopper of a bottle on the lab table.

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Chemist/ EssamSafely
Handling Chemicals Eldin Metwally
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Information about Chemicals

Know properties of chemicals before you use or transport them

 Toxicity Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
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 Flammability

 Reactivity/Incompatibilities

 Corrosive

 Unstable
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 Radioactive

 Clean up procedures

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/ EssamSafely
Handling Chemicals Eldin Metwally
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Information about Chemicals

 American Chemical Society (ACS)

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 CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service)
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 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

 Food Chemicals Codex (FCC)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Howard Hughes Institute

 American Biological Safety Association

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 Globally Harmonized System of Classification of Chemicals (GHS)

 National Institute Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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General guidelines when storing chemicals

 Storage rooms must have secure locks with good ventilation.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Store accessible only to authorized laboratory workers.
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 Store alphabetically separately compatible groups.

 Place user’s name and date received on purchased materials.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Never stack bottles on top of each other.

 Label all chemical containers [email protected]

color coded system.

 Keep away from direct heat or sunlight or highly temperature.

 Leave 10-20% headspace in the container to prevent pressure build up.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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General guidelines when storing chemicals

 Shelves must be bolted to wall.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Do not store above eye level.
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 Store larger containers on lower shelves.

 Store liquids inside chemically-resistant secondary

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Keep inventory records of chemicals, and update annually
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 Label reactive or unstable chemicals (e.g., ethers) with date opened

 Dispose unwanted chemicals promptly through waste management.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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General guidelines when storing chemicals

 Avoid storing chemicals in hoods, except in current use.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Store volatile toxic or odoriferous chemicals in a ventilated cabinet.
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 Do not store with food and drink.

 Avoid storing chemicals on bench tops.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Store flammable in approved flammable liquid storage cabinets.
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 Minimize quantities and container sizes kept in the lab.

 Store chemicals inside closable cabinets.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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General guidelines when storing chemicals

 Cyanides should stored separately from acids

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Water reactive materials should be stored separately
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 Store chemicals on shelves with raised edges

 Acids are incompatible with bases, flammable solvents, oxidizers

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Flammable materials with very low flashpoints should be stored in an
explosion proof refrigerator. [email protected]
 Peroxidizable chemicals must be dated when opened, disposed of when
required per safety manual.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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Chemicals Compatibility

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

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Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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Chemicals segregation

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

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Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
StorageEssam Eldin Metwally
of Chemicals
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Chemicals segregation

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Flammables: Store in grounded flammable liquid storage cabinet.

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 Non-flammable solvents: Separate from oxidizing materials

 Acids: Separate from caustics, cyanides, sulfides.

 Caustics: Store in dry area. Separate from acids.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Water reactive: Store in cool, dry location. Separate from water.
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 Oxidizers: Separate from flammable materials.

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Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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Spill kits

Spill kit should also contain:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
 2 pairs of chemical splash [email protected]
goggles
 Several pair of disposable gloves
 Disposable, charcoal (volatile, aerosol) respirators

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Disposable aprons or jump suits
 Disposable shoe covers (for [email protected]
spills)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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Spills of less than 4 L of material that you know the hazards of and are
comfortable cleaning up
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
– Assess the hazard
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– Wear appropriate PPE

If you are unsure of the hazard of a spill or need assistance

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
with PPE selection, call the Safety Office
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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A Minor Spill

A minor spill not toxic and does not spread rapidly or poses a health, fire or
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
property risk, and less than gallon of liquid, lab occupant responsible for the
[email protected]
spill is expected to clean up simple spills. (Gallon=3.785L)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

[email protected]

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Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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A Minor Spill

To clean up minor spills:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Review the MSDS sheet for the chemical hazards.
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 Wear gloves, eye protection, lab coat

 Prevent spread of liquid / vapors

 Neutralize acids and bases. Absorb liquids with spill pads, kitty litter...
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Clean spill area with soap & [email protected]

 Decontaminate area & equipment, label contaminated for disposal

 If unsure how to clean spill, call a clean room staff.

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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A major Spill

When responding to an emergency, move drums or containers:

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

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Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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A major Spill
 If soil is contaminated

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

- Remove top 2-3 inches of soil
- Dispose of as hazardous waste if you can’t dilute it with clean soil
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- Cover with 2 inches of lime, then fresh topsoil
- Activated charcoal may be effective for minor spills

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

 Clean contaminated equipment
- Wear protective equipment [email protected]
- Use 30% bleach in water or alkaline detergent
- Do not mix bleach and detergent!

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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 Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally Ahmed

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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Is spill minor or major?

Minor Major
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Document incident
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Notify others in immediate Notify Supervisor, Evacuate area and
area that spill has occurred close all doors

Decontaminate area
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
Isolate area, Don PPE and equipment Notify Security

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Control spread of liquid by
containing spill Collect and contain cleanup Prevent others from
• Neutralize acid / bases material into container entering area
• Place absorbent materials

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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HAZMAT Alarm

If the toxic gas monitoring system alarm sounds (no fire alarm)
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 A sounding HAZMAT speaker indicates that exhaust failure or a chemical gas leak
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not a high enough concentration to cause serious harm.

 Must exit immediately through nearest door. Do not try to finish an experiment. Do
not try to figure out why alarm is sounding. DO warn others to evacuate room.
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Both Fire and HAZMAT Alarms sounding indicate a potentially dangerous gas leak
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or a fire. Treat as a FIRE alarm (follow steps on previous slide)

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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Chemical Waste Disposal

 Never pour chemicals down the drain

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Never mix chemicals with regular [email protected]
trash

 Designate a waste collection area

 Segregate waste
Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
 Label containers [email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
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Chemical Waste Disposal

 Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area SAA

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
All waste containers must have a green chemical waste label
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Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

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Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

Chemist/
ChemicalsEssam Eldin Metwally
Spills & Disposal
[email protected]
Chemical Waste Disposal

 Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area SAA

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally
[email protected]

Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally

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Chemist/ Essam Eldin Metwally www.esamdin.webs.com [email protected]

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