UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE

Bachelor of Architecture
INSTIINiIINiiiiSTUTUTE…UIA…………………..

Building Energy Simulation ART-276

Ar. Chetan Verma
(Assistant Professor)

Introduction to Green Building Rating Systems

DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
Objectives
vThe students be introduced to various energy codes
vStudents will know about various energy councils and rating systems
vStudents will understand the importance of Building Energy
Simulation
Outcomes
CO3 Students will learn about various building energy codes regulating
bodies, application process and available sofwares for building energy
simulation.

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ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code)

The purpose of the Energy Conservation Building Code (Code) is to provide minimum
requirements for the energy-efficient design and construction of buildings. The Code also
provides two additional sets of incremental requirements for buildings to achieve enhanced
levels of energy efficiency that go beyond the minimum requirements.

The Code is applicable to buildings or building complexes that have a connected load of 100
kW or greater or a contract demand of 120 kVA or greater and are intended to be used for
commercial purposes.

Buildings intended for private residential purposes only are not covered by the Code.

Energy Efficiency Performance Levels

The code prescribes the following three levels of energy efficiency:

• Energy Conservation Building Code Compliant Building (ECBC Building) ECBC Buildings
shall demonstrate compliance by adopting the mandatory and prescriptive requirements
listed under ECBC Compliant Building requirements, or by following the provisions of the
Whole Building Performance (WBP)

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ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code)

Energy Conservation Building Code Plus Building (ECBC+ Building) ECBC+ Buildings shall
demonstrate compliance by adopting the mandatory and prescriptive requirements listed
under ECBC+ Compliant Building requirements, or by following the provisions of the Whole
Building Performance (WBP).

Super Energy Conservation Building Code Building (SuperECBC Building) SuperECBC

Buildings shall demonstrate compliance by adopting the mandatory and prescriptive
requirements listed under SuperECBC Compliant Building requirements, or by following the
provisions of the Whole Building Performance (WBP).

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ECBC (R) (Eco Niwas Shamita 2018)

• India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) aim to reduce

theemissions intensity of its gross domestic product (GDP) by 33 to 35 percent by 2030
from 2005 level.

• Any effort to achieve this target is contingent upon the increase in efficiency of energy
use across all sectors, especially in the building sector. the building sector in India
consumes over 30% of the total electricity consumed in the country annually and is
second only to the industrial sector as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GhGs).

• Out of the total electricity consumed in the building sector, about 75% is used
inresidential buildings. the gross electricity consumption in residential buildings has been
rising sharply over the years.

• For instance, the consumption figure rose to about 260 tWh in 2016-17 from about 55 t
Wh in 1996-97. that is an increase by more than four times in 20 years. Projections show
it rising to anywhere between 630 and 940 tWh by 2032.

• Among various reasons, increased use of decentralized room-based air-conditioning

units in homes for thermal comfort is an important reason contributing to this rapid
increase in the electricity use in residential buildings. the demand for air-conditioning will
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ECBC (R) (Eco Niwas Shamita 2018)

• continue its exponential growth with improvement in household incomes and will become
the dominant contributor of GhG emissions nation-wide owing to increased electricity
consumption. t his situation calls for an immediate energy conservation action plan.

• Energy codes for new buildings are an important regulatory measure for ushering energy
efficiency in the building sector. t hey are particularly relevant for countries like India
where the building stock is growing rapidly.

• The commercial sector among buildings has been addressed by the Energy Conservation
Building Code (ECBC) for Commercial Buildings. Given the current and anticipated rapid
growth in the resi - dential building stock across India and the consequent opportunities
as well as the necessity for energy conservation in this sector, the Energy Conservation
Code for residential Buildings is established by the Ministry of Power.

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IGBC (Indian Green Building Council)

• The Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), part of the Confederation of Indian Industry
(CII) was formed in the year 2001. The vision of the council is, "To enable a sustainable
built environment for all and facilitate India to be one of the global leaders in the
sustainable built environment by 2025".

• The council offers a wide array of services which include developing new green building
rating programmes, certification services and green building training programmes. The
council also organises Green Building Congress, its annual flagship event on green
buildings.

• The council is committee-based, member-driven and consensus-focused. All the

stakeholders of construction industry comprising of architects, developers, product
manufacturers, corporate, Government, academia and nodal agencies participate in the
council activities through local chapters.

• The council also closely works with several State Governments, Central Government,
World Green Building Council, bilateral multi-lateral agencies in promoting green building
concepts in the country.

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IGBC (Indian Green Building Council)

• Green building rating brings together a host of sustainable practices and solutions to
reduce the environmental impacts. Green building design provides an integrated
approach considering life cycle impacts of the resources used.

• An important development in the growth of green building movement in India is the

launch of the following IGBC Green Building Rating Systems:

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IGBC (Indian Green Building Council)

• An important development in the growth of green building movement in India is the

launch of the following IGBC Green Building Rating Systems:

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LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is the most widely used green
building rating system in the world. Available for virtually all building types, LEED provides a
framework for healthy, highly efficient, and cost-saving green buildings.

It was developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). The first LEED rating
system developed was for new construction. Currently, LEED has been expanded to include
several additional rating systems.

Most of the LEED rating systems focus on the design and construction stages of a building.
LEED for Existing Buildings Operations and Maintenance (LEED-EBOM), which was
referred to as LEED for Existing Buildings (LEED-EB) until 2009, is for existing buildings and
for buildings that were originally certified under new construction and are seeking
recertification.

Overall, certification processes for both new and existing buildings are nearly the same. The
existing building certification process also requires a performance period of three months to
two years during which performance data, such as energy and water usage, is collected. As
of 2013, LEED launched LEED v4 which includes variations for data centers, warehouses
and distribution centers, hospitality, existing schools and retail and mid-rise residential
projects. LEED v4 allows the opportunity for LEED to fit the unique aspects of different
projects. 11
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)

USGBC provides checklists for each rating system that cover the prerequisites and credits.
The checklists can be used to identify the possibility of earning each credit as a yes, no or
maybe. The prereq uisites must be achieved in order to submit for certification.

The checklist should be used at the beginning of the process to determine which credits are
feasible for the building and what level of certification should be sought. Certification levels
are:

• Certified (40-49 points)

• Silver (50-59 points)
• Gold (60-79 points)
• Platinum (80+ points)

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GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment)

GRIHA is an acronym for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment. GRIHA is a
Sanskrit word meaning – ‘Abode’. Human Habitats (buildings) interact with the environment
in various ways. Throughout their life cycles, from construction to operation and then
demolition, they consume resources in the form of energy, water, materials, etc. and emit
wastes either directly in the form of municipal wastes or indirectly as emissions from
electricity generation.

GRIHA attempts to minimize a building’s resource consumption, waste generation, and

overall ecological impact to within certain nationally acceptable limits / benchmarks.

Going by the old adage ‘what gets measured, gets managed’, GRIHA attempts to quantify
aspects such as energy consumption, waste generation, renewable energy adoption, etc. so
as to manage, control and reduce the same to the best possible extent.

GRIHA is a rating tool that helps people assesses the performance of their building against
certain nationally acceptable benchmarks. It evaluates the environmental performance of a
building holistically over its entire life cycle, thereby providing a definitive standard for what
constitutes a ‘green building’.

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GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment)

The rating system, based on accepted energy and environmental principles, will seek to
strike a balance between the established practices and emerging concepts, both national
and international.

The rapid increase in Indian population and growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has
given rise to an enormous demand for buildings with a subsequent pressure on availability
of resources. Another key challenge for the built-environment of Indian cities is the
diminishing availability of water for urban areas.

In order to be sustainable, the environmental pressures of increased demand for resources

coupled with a rapidly changing climate are being addressed by policy makers at various
levels. Several policy and regulatory mechanisms to address the urban challenges,
implemented through national plans and programmes have been devised.

The Ministries and agencies at the Centre have designed frameworks such as the
Environmental Clearance to ensure efficiency in resource use for large projects (i.e. more
than 20,000 sq m built up area), the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) applicable
to air conditioned commercial buildings with connected load more than 100 kW and the
Solar Buildings Programme for Energy Efficient Buildings, for implementation by the
designated State agencies and municipal bodies.
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Discussion Forum
1. What is the role of various energy rating systems in India ?

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Home Work Task
1. Write (in about 1000 words) an artical elaborating about the energy
codes followed in India.

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THANK YOU

For queries
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