ABSOLUTISM IN ENGLAND: 

16–17TH CENTURIES

SAMUEL DAVID CAMPO ROCHA & MARIA JOSE GARCIA MAYORCA

ZOE SCHOOL

SOCIAL ST

ANDREA CAMILA MADINA CASTRO

SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA

28/03/2023
 TABLE OF CONTENT
1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………......3
2. What is
absolutism?........................................................................................3
3. Objetives……………………………………………………………………………4
4. Development of the topic
(1) How did it start?...................................................................................5
(2) The Tudors…………………………………………………………………5
(3) King Henry VII………………...……………………………………………
6
(4) King James…………………………………………………………………6
(5) Charles
I…………………………………………………………………….7
(6) "The Fall"……………………………………………………………………
8
5. Conclusions………………………………………………………………………..9
6. Webgraphy…………………………………………………………………….….10
 INTRODUCTION
After the Reformation and the Renaissance, Europe was plunged into an era
based on absolutism. England especially was one of the pioneers in using this form
of "government" after the War of the Roses. In this period of time, we could see
things like mercantilism, which was strengthened a lot in this period, something
that the rest of the countries and colonies did and adapted it to their government
also to protect their economy and way of trading.

WHAT IS ABSOLUTISM?
The Absolutism or Age of Absolutism it’s a historiographical term that was used to
describe a form of monarchical power that is controlled by all the other institutions
such as the churches, legislatures, or social elites. Absolutism is typically used in
conjunction with some of the European monarchs during the change from
feudalism to capitalism, and monarchs described as absolute can especially be
found in the 16th century through the 19th century. 
 OBJETIVES

 Know how absolutism was created and used in England.

 Identify England's absolutist monarchs of the sixteenth and seventeenth

centuries.
 Know who the Tudors were
 To know why absolutism ceased to be used in England.
 ABSOLUTISM IN ENGLAND: 16–17TH CENTURIES

In the period following the Renaissance and Reformation two theories

predominated in government, one political and one economic. The political theory
was absolutism. It was not unique to this period. The roots of absolutism can be
traced back to the Egyptian Pharaohs and Roman emperors. Following the
upheavals of the late Middle Ages and the religious wars of the Renaissance, many
believed a strong central government was necessary to bring efficient rule, order,
and prosperity. Supporting this theory was the doctrine of divine right of kings. The
doctrine said the king, chosen by God, was absolute in his powers and responsible
only to God. Many people accepted absolute government because it seemed to be
the answer to the problems of the time.

The dominant economic theory of the time was mercantilism. In practice the
government controlled the nation's entire economy. The government wanted to
establish its rule over the economic life of its citizens as well as its political life.

THE TUDORS: The first Tudor king, Henry VII, came to the throne after the end of
the War of the Two Roses in 1485. The people accepted absolute government
(monarchy) as a solution to anarchy. They wanted a strong government. But it was
the opposite, they manipulated the money in such a way that the money allocations
looked like voluntary donations from the representatives of the people, in order to
keep it for themselves. The Tudors interfered with elections. Depending on the
circumstances, they flattered or bullied the members of Parliament to obtain their
support.
KING HENRY VII: The first Tudor king, Henry VII, ascended the throne after
the end of the War of the Roses in 1485. People accepted
absolute rule (monarchy) as a way out of the turmoil. They want a strong
government. On the contrary, they have manipulated money in such a way
that monetary contributions look like voluntary contributions
by representatives of the people to keep them for themselves. House
Tudor interfered in the election. Depending on the circumstances,
they flatter or threaten MPs to win their support. More seriously, Henry is
determined to embark on a military adventure. Europe was aided by
competition between the kingdoms of France and Spain, mainly due to
Italian claims; and against the advice of his senior advisers, Henry in 1512
joined forces with his father-in-law Ferdinand II of Aragon against France
and apparently in defense of the threatened pope, who had long since
respected almost as slaves by loyal kings. Henry himself showed no military
talent, but the real victory went to the Earl of Surrey at Flodden (1513) over
the Scottish invaders. Despite the apparent hopelessness of the struggle,
success pretends to be the order of the day.

KING JAMES I: When Elizabeth died in 1603, she left no directs heirs. Her
closest relative is her cousin James I of Scotland. James' accession to the
British throne unified the crowns of Scotland and England, and James was
the first to claim to be King of Great Britain. However, that was only a
personal union. A constitutional union of governments was not achieved until
the Act of Union was passed in 1707. Parliament quickly realized that it
would be difficult to keep James under control. James and Congress began
debating almost immediately. Although he was polite, he didn't know when
the Parliament knew that James was difficult to control. Jacob believed in
the divine right of kings; and said that his right to rule came from God and
not from the consent of the people, but Congress did not believe so and
quickly stopped listening to him.
James' position is reckless. Parliament was so angry with him that he
refused to vote on the income and James always needed the money. When
Parliament refused to grant the money they requested, James dissolved
that, Parliament. Raising money through loans, crown land sales,
monopolies and title sales, baronet is specially created to raise money. But
years later, Parliament returned and removed the royal treasurer. James'
position is reckless. Parliament was so angry with him that he refused to
vote on the income and James always needed the money. When Congress
refused to grant him the requested amount, James dissolved Congress.
Raising money by borrowing, selling crown land, granting exclusive rights
and selling titles, barons are specially created to raise money. But years
later, Parliament returned and sacked the royal treasurer. Also seeing the
country's high level of spending, they took action and parliament demanded
control of the fee.

KING CHARLES I: Shortly after James I's death, his son Charles

I ascended the throne, who, like his father, believed in the divine power of
the king and also disliked the Puritans. Congress doubted Charles as well
as James, but let him pass anyway. Soon after Charles became king, he
went to war with France. Charles was in great need, and this was not
available in Congress. In desperation, Charles dissolved Parliament like
his father and tried to raise money by loan sharking. Those who refused
were imprisoned or sent to the military. The financial problems caused by
the war continued, and Charles was forced to call Parliament into session.
Charles' need for money was so great that Parliament in 1628 was able to
force him to sign the Petition. Charles agreed that no one could be taxed
without the consent of Congress, no one could be jailed without trial, and no
one could be forced to keep soldiers in their homes. in peacetime. However,
after the war with France ended, Charles ignored the Claims of Rights,
thereby increasing friction with Parliament. In 1629, Charles dissolved this
Parliament and ruled alone for the next eleven years.
"THE FALL": Attempts to establish absolute power in England met fierce
opposition from members of parliament and civil society, who saw
the monarchy's demands as a threat to their liberties. This led to a series of
conflicts between the King and Parliament, culminating in the English Civil
War (1642–1651), in which the members of Parliament won and King
Charles I was beheaded in 1649. After the Civil War, England became
a republic known as the Commonwealth of England (1649–1660), ruled by
Oliver Cromwell. However, after Cromwell's death, the monarchy was
restored under Charles II, who ruled more moderately and respected the
liberties of parliament and civil society.
 CONCLUSIONS
This time was very chaotic, and there were many internal wars between
royalty and parliament, which meant that absolutism or absolute power
could not "take off". Also, we could see multiple ideas that also affected this,
such as the multiple loans that were made in this period or how little the
vision of the people was listened to or taken into account, in addition to the
high taxes that there were. all this potentially affected the country and made
everything fail.
 WEBGRAPHY
 https://zscolombia.ignitiaschools.com/owsoo/studentAssignment/
index?eh=1015178841
 http://www.wright.edu/~christopher.oldstone-moore/
constitessay.htm#:~:text=A%20fews%20years%20later%2C
%20in,from%20the%20rest%20of%20Europe
 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-VIII-king-of-England