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Lesson 5. Movement and Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains stability. It involves four main stages: stimulus, receptors, control center, and effectors. A stimulus causes a change that receptors detect and send to the control center. The control center determines the set point and sends responses through effectors using negative feedback to return the body to its set point. In the muscular system, homeostasis is seen when muscles generate heat to warm the body during shivering or sweating cools the body.

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Maedel Rose Esguerra
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62 views3 pages

Lesson 5. Movement and Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains stability. It involves four main stages: stimulus, receptors, control center, and effectors. A stimulus causes a change that receptors detect and send to the control center. The control center determines the set point and sends responses through effectors using negative feedback to return the body to its set point. In the muscular system, homeostasis is seen when muscles generate heat to warm the body during shivering or sweating cools the body.

Uploaded by

Maedel Rose Esguerra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 5

 Movement and Homeostasis

Homeostasis is a process by which the body is able to maintain a state


of psychological balance.

Stages of Homeostasis:

Stimulus-A change occurs in the internal or external environment that


disturbs homeostasis. (Heat, cold, noise, pressure, lack of oxygen are
external stimulus. Internal stimulus includes changes in blood pressure, pH
balance, salt concentration, high or low blood sugar.)

Receptors-A sensor that monitors the environment and responds to the


stimulus by sending information to the control center. The flow of the
information occurs along the afferent pathway.

Control Center-determines a set point and is where a variable is to be


maintained. A set point is the level or range. Information travels from the
control center to the effector along efferent pathway.

Effector-provides means for the control centers response to the stimulus.


The results of the response feedback to influence the stimulus.

Feedback-it can either be positive or negative. Negative feedback depresses


the stimulus so that the whole control mechanism is shut off. Most of the
body’s homeostatic mechanism are negative feedback systems. Negative
feedback returns the body from being outside the steady state (too high,
too low) back to the steady state. Positive feedback enhances the stimulus
so that the reaction continues at an even faster rate. Feedback is positive as
change occurs in the same direction as original stimulus and causes variable
to deviate further from original range and usually controls infrequent events.

Communication between the receptor, control center and effector is


essential for normal operation of the system.

Homeostatic Imbalance-most disease is seen to be the result of homeostatic


disturbances. The internal environment becomes less stable as we age,
therefore there is greater risk for illnesses in the aged people.

How does homeostasis play a role in the muscular system?

The muscular system maintains homeostasis by a number of different ways.


An easy example to explain homeostasis of the skeletal muscle is when you
are cold, you start to shiver. Your muscles generate heat. Because the
muscles generate heat, this ceases the shivering when they provide heat.
This is homeostasis in the skeletal muscles. Your body must maintain the
average temperature (37°) and when your body shivers it is because your
body has dropped below that temperature. For your body to get back up to
that temperature it uses homeostasis of the skeletal muscles by generating
heat to warm you up. Essentially, if our body could not do this, we would
freeze to death. The opposite of this is when your body has too much heat,
you begin to sweat, and this sweat cools the body down back to 37°
therefore maintaining homeostasis and balancing out the body’s
temperature.

THINK
!

 LEARNING ACTIVITY
 MODULE SUMMARY

 Physiological Psychology is a branch of psychology that studies the


brain-body relationship. Its scope covers all concepts, theories, and
processes involved in thinking and behaving. It uses the empirical and
practical approach in investigating the parts and functions of the
brain.
 The history of physiological psychology dates back to the roots of
philosophy in the 5th century B.C., gradually shifting from
pseudoscientific approaches to more specialized and advanced
methods. Behavioristic and experimental sciences emerged and
other branches of physiological psychology developed such as
cognitive neuroscience and psychophysiology.
 Neurons are the basic units of processors of information in any human
being. They are considered the vital parts of the nervous system.
 The nervous system serves as the most important system because it is
the center from where all the other systems rely on. It is divided into
the central and peripheral nervous system.
 The various sensory systems contribute greatly to the performance of
the entire physiological process. They are responsible for the
reception, assessment, and delivery of information in to the different
parts of the body.
 The body’s equilibrium development is processed by the homeostatic
nature in man. Any disruption and or damage in it results in a
homeostatic imbalance wherein the organism has to cope and adjust
to these changes.

Congratulations! You have just studied Module I. Now you are ready
to evaluate how much you have benefited from your reading by answering
the summative test. Good Luck!!!

 SUMMATIVE TEST

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