8 Department of Education

National Capital Region

S CHOOLS DIVIS ION OFFICE
MARIK INA CITY

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1: Module 9
Writing Equation of a Line

Writer: Jocelyn O. Hulip

Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Hello Grade 8 learners! In this module you will learn how to:

find the equation of a line given in (a) two points; (b) the slope and a point;
(c) the slope and its intercepts. M8AL-Ig-1

You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if you can:
1. recall the slope and intercepts of a line, its formula, the slope-
intercept form and standard form of a linear equation.
2. identify the x and y-intercepts of a linear equation.
3. find an equation of a line in (a) given two points; and (b) given
slope and a point.
4. find the equation of a line given in (a) the slope and y-intercept,
(b) given the x and y-intercepts, (c) the slope and its intercepts.

Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is the slope of the line 2x + y = 6?
1 1
A. 2 B. -2 C. 2 D. -2

2. What is the slope-intercept form of a linear equation 3x + 2y = 6?

−3 −3
A. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 3 C. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 6
3 3
B. 𝑦 = 𝑥+3 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥+6
2 2

3. Which of these equations of a line passes through points (2, -3) and
(7, 7)?
A. y = 2x - 7 B. y = -2x + 7 C. y = 2x - 1 D. y = -2x + 1

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

4. Which of the following equations matches the table below?
x -1 0 1 2 3
y 3 6 9 12 15
A. y = 3x - 6 B. y = -3x - 6 C. y = 3x + 6 D. y = -3x + 6
5. Which of these equations of a line passes through points (3, -4) and
(-3, 8)?
A. y = 2x - 10 B. y = -2x + 10 C. y = 2x + 2 D. y = -2x –2
6. What is the slope-intercept form of 3x + y =5?
A. y = 5x + 3 B. y = 3x – 5 C. y = -3x + 5 D. y = 5x – 3
7. Given the graph, what is the equation of the line?
A. y = 2x - 2
B. y = 2x + 2
C. y = - 2x + 2
D. y = - 2x – 2
8. Which equation of a line below matches the graph?
A. 3x – 4y = 12
B. 4x – 3y = 12
C. 3x + 4y = 12
D. 4x + 3y = 12

9. What is the value of k such that point (3, -2) is on the line 3x+ky+7= 0?
A. -9 B. -8 C. 8 D. 9
10. Allan and his friends are going to an amusement park. The park
charges a Php20 entrance fee and Php 10 per ride. Write the equation
on how much Allan will spend if he takes several rides? (Let x be the
number of rides and y be the number of expenses.)
A. y = 20x + 10 B. y = 10x + 20 C. y = 10x – 20 D.y =20x – 10
11. What is the x-intercept of the line 3x + y = 9?
A. -3 B. -1 C. 1 D. 3
12. What is the slope of the equation y = -x + 4?
B. -4 B. -1 C. 3 D. 4
13. Which of these equations represents the slope-intercept form?
A. y – y1 = m (x – x1) C. y = mx + b
B. Ax + By = C D. a2 + b2 = c2

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

14. Which graph represents x = 2?

A. B. C. D.

15. Which graph represents the equation y = -3?

A. B. C. D.

16. Given the equation of slope-intercept form y = 2x – 1, which is the x-

intercept?
1 1 1
A. B. C. D. 1
4 3 2
17. What is the equation of a line with an x-intercept of 6 and a y-intercept
of 5?
A. x + y = 30 B. 5x + 6y = 30 C. 5x – 6y = 30 D. 6x + 5y = 30
18. What is the equation of the line with an x-intercept of 2 and a y-
intercept of 1?
A. 2x + 4y = 4 B. x + y = 2 C. x – y = 4 D. 2x + 2y = 4
19. Carl works at the shoe repair shop. His service per hour is Php25. If he
works x hours a day, what is the linear equation that represents his
rate of salary?
A. y = 15x B. x + y = 25 C. y = 25x D. y = x + 25
20. Bryan bought a 10 inches candle which he lighted at the altar. It burns
1
at a rate of 4 inches per hour. What is the equation that represents the
given in the problem?
−1 1 −1 1
A. y = 4 𝑥 − 10 B. y = 4 𝑥 + 10 C. y = 4 𝑥 + 10 D. y = 4 𝑥 − 10

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

LESSON 1: FINDING THE EQUATION OF A LINE GIVEN TWO-POINT

A. Given the graph at the right, find the following:

1. x-intercept: ( __ , __)
2. y-intercept: ( __ , __)
3. Rise: ___ units
4. Run: ___ units
5. Slope: ____
6. Trend: __________
7. points: ( __ , __): ( __ , __): ( __ , __): ( __ , __)
Questions:
1. How did you identify the x-intercept and the y-intercept?
2. In your own words, define x-intercept and y-intercept.
3. How did you find the rise and the run?
4. How did you find the slope?
5. Is the graph inclined to the left or inclined to the right? Justify your
answer.
B. Determine whether the equation is written in slope-intercept form or
standard form. Write SI for slope-intercept form and ST for standard
form.
1. y = 2x + 5 6. 2x + y = -6
2. 2x + 3y = 7 7. x – y = 2
3. x + 4y = 1 8. y = -x + 8
4. y = x 9. 5x + y = 1
−3
5. y = - 2 𝑥 − 5 10. x – 3y = -1

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 T
his activity will enable you to derive the two-point form of the equation of a
line. Recall the formula for the slope and the point-slope form of the equation
of the line.

Answer the following guide questions.

1. Write in the box the formula for the slope of a line given two points.

2. Write in the box the point-slope formula.

3. Substitute the formula of slope (m) in the point-slope formula.

Study the graph at the right.

4. What is the coordinate of point A? A (___, ___)
5. What is the coordinate of point B? B (___, ___)
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
6. What is the slope of the line? Hint: 𝑚 =
𝑟𝑢𝑛
𝑚 = ____

We can find the equation of a line through the given two points.

Two-Point Form of the Equation of a Line

The linear equation y – y1 = (x – x1) is the two point form, where (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2) are the coordinates of P1 and P2 respectively.

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Study the following examples:
Example 1: Find the equation of a line in given graph in the form y = mx + b.
Solution:
Step 1: Find the coordinates of point A & B.
A (4, 3) and B (1, 1)
𝑦 𝑦
Step 2: Use the formula y – y1 = 𝑥 2− 𝑥1 (x – x1).
2− 1

Step 3: Substitute the coordinates of point A (4, 3) and B (1, 1) to the formula
1− 3
y – 3= (x – 4)
1−4
−2
y–3= (x – 4)
−3
2
y – 3= 3(x – 4)
2 8
y – 3 = 3𝑥 − add 3 to both side of the equation (APE)
3
2 8
y = 3𝑥 − +3 simplify
3
2 8 9
y = 3𝑥 − +3 combine similar fractions
3
𝟐 𝟏
y = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟑

Example 2: Find the equation of a line in the form y = mx + b that passes

through points (3, 8) and (1, 2).
Solution 1: Using two-point form
𝑦 𝑦
Step 1: Use the formula: y – y1 = 𝑥 2− 𝑥1 (x – x1)
2− 1

Step 2: Substitute all the given to the formula, we have

𝑦2− 𝑦1
Step 3: y – y1 = (x – x1), we use (3, 8), the other point (1, 2) may also be
𝑥2− 𝑥1
used.
𝟐−𝟖
y–8= (x – 3)
𝟏−𝟑
−6
y–8= (x – 3)
−2

y – 8 = 3x – 9 add both sides of the equation by 8 (APE)

6

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 y = 3x – 9 + 8 simplify
y = 3x – 1

Solution 2: Using slope and intercept form

Find the equation of a line in the form y = mx + b that passes through points
(3, 8) and (1, 2).
𝑦 𝑦
Solution: Instead of using the formula y – y1 = 𝑥 2− 𝑥1 (x – x1), it is easier to
2− 1
compute for the slope m and y-intercept b separately.
𝑦2− 𝑦1
Step 1: Solve for the slope m using the formula m = .
𝑥2− 𝑥1
8−2 6
Hence, m = = =3
3−1 2

Step 2: Solve for b in the equation y = mx + b.

y = mx + b add -mx to both sides of the equation (APE)
y - mx = mx + b - mx
y – mx = b
b = y – mx
Use any of the given points to solve for b,
For (3,8) where x = 3, y = 8, and m = 3 For (1, 2) where x =1, y = 2 and m = 3
b = y – mx b = y - mx
b = 8 – (3)(3) b = 2 – (3)(1)
b=8–9 b=2–3
b = -1 b = -1
Step 3: Substitute the value of m and b to y = mx + b
Therefore, the answer is y = 3x - 1
Example 3: Find the equation of a line passing through A (2, -3) and B (6, 5).
Solution 1: Instead of directly substituting into the formula, it may be easier to
compute form (slope) separately.
𝑦2− 𝑦1 −3− 5 −8
Step 1: m = = = = 2.
𝑥2− 𝑥1 2−6 −4

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Step 2: Substituting B (6, 5) from the formula y– y1 = m (x – x1), we have
y – 5 = 2(x – 6)
Note: Any of the two points can be used as (x1, y1)
Step 3: y – 5 = 2x – 12 by distributive property of multiplication
y = 2x – 12 + 5 add both sides by 5 (APE)
y = 2x – 7

Solution 2: Using slope and intercept form

Find the equation of a line in the form 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃 that passes through
points (2, -3) and (6, 5).
𝑦2− 𝑦1
Step 1: Solve for the slope m using the formula m = 𝑥2− 𝑥1
.
5−(−3) 5+3 8
Hence, m = = =4 = 2
6−2 4

Step 2: Use any of the given points to solve for b,

Use any of the two points to find b.
For (2, -3) where x = 2, y = -3, and m = 2 For (6, 5) where x = 6, y = 5
and m = 2
b = y – mx b = y - mx
b = - 3 – (2)(2) b = 5 – (6)(2)
b=-3–4 b = 5 – 12
b=-7 b = -7
Step 3: Substitute the value of m and b to y = mx + b
Therefore, the answer is y = 2x – 7

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 A. Find the given two points from each line and match its equation at
the right.
3 1
___ 1. (__, __) and (__, __) a. y = 4 𝑥 - 2
3 5
___ 2. (__, __) and (__, __) b. y = 2 𝑥 + 2

___ 3. (__, __) and (__, __) c. y = -3x -12

___ 4. (__, __) and (__, __) d. y = 3x + 8

1 3
___ 5. (__, __) and (__, __) e. y = 2 𝑥-2

B. Do what is asked for in each item:

6. Given (3, 4) and (6, 1) write the equation of the line in y = mx + b.
7. Given (2, 4) and (8, -2) write the equation of the line in standard
form.
8. Write the slope-intercept form of the equation of the line
containing (2, 5) and has the same y-intercept as the line 5x – 3y
= 12.
9. Write the standard form of equation of the line containing (-4, 6)
and has the same slope as the line 4x – 2y = 8.
10. Solve this problem: The profit P in pesos from a buko juice stand
can be modelled by the equation P = 5x – 100 where x
represents the number intercept and explain what it represents.

The Two-point form of a Line

The equation of a line passing through (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by
𝑦2−𝑦1
𝑦 – 𝑦1 = (𝑥 – 𝑥1)
𝑥2− 𝑥1
This equation is called the two-point form of a line. This formula is best used
when two points of the line are given.
You can also solve the slope (m) and y-intercept (b), to write the equation of a
line in slope-intercept form (y = mx + b).

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 𝒚𝟐− 𝒚𝟏
The formula for slope, m = and the formula for y-intercept, b = y – mx.
𝒙𝟐− 𝒙𝟏

Performance Task!
Do the following.
Every day on his way home from school, Jerry uses Php 10.00 to buy a bag
of chips which costs Php 7.50 and saves the remaining amount in his change
jar.
a. Jerry buys 5 bags of chips per week.
At this rate, how long will it take him
to save Php 100.00?
b. Write an equation on how much
money, (y )Jerry will save after each
number of weeks (x).
c. Create a graph to represent this
relationship.
Rubrics:
CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
Correctness Complete Complete Complete Incomplete
of the and correct and correct and incorrect and incorrect
application solutions solutions mathematical mathematical
of the with no with minimal solution. solution
concept mathematical mathematical
(50%) errors errors
Neatness The work is The work is The work is The work
and presented in presented in presented in appears
organization a neat, clear, neat and an organized sloppy and
(25%) organized organized but maybe unorganized.
that is easy that is easy hard to read It is hard to
to read and to read. at times. know what
understand information
goes
together.
Completion All problems All but one of Only one of All of the
(25%) are the problems the two problems are
completed. are problems are not
completed. completed. completed

10

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Assessment
Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is the slope of the line x + 2y = 6?
1 −1
A. 2 B. -2 C. 2 D. 2

2. What is the slope-intercept form of a linear equation 3x + 2y = 12?

−3 −3
A. 𝑦 = 𝑥+3 C. 𝑦 = 𝑥+6
2 2
3 3
B. 𝑦 = 𝑥+3 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥+6
2 2

3. Which equation of a line passes through points (2, -3) and (5, 6)?
A. y = 3x – 9 C. y = 3x - 1
B. y = -3x + 9 D. y = -3x + 1

4. Which of the following equations matches the table below?

x -1 0 1 2 3
y 2 6 10 14 18
A. y = 4x + 6 C. y = 3x + 6
B. y = -4x – 6 D. y = -3x + 6

5. What is the equation of a line containing points (3, -4) and (-3, 8)?
A. y = 2x - 2 C. y = 2x + 10
B. y = -2x + 2 D. y = - 2x –10
6. What is the slope-intercept form of a line 5x + y = 3?
A. y = 5x + 3 B. y = -3x – 5 C. y = -5x + 3 D. y = 5x – 3
7. Given the figure, what is the equation of the line?
A. y = 4x - 1 B. y = 4x + 1 C. y = -5x + 1 D. y = -5x – 1

11

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 8. From the graph at your right, which equation of the line below matches the
graph?
A. 3x – 4y = 12
B. 4x – 3y = 12
C. 3x + 4y = 12
D. 4x + 3y = 12

9. Find k such that point (6, -5) is on the line 3x + ky + 7 = 0.

A. -7 B. -5 C. 5 D. 7

10. Randel and his friends are going to an amusement park. The park
charges a Php 50 entrance fee and Php 20 per ride. Write the equation on
how much Randel will spend if he takes several rides? (Let x be the number
of rides and y be the number of expenses.)
A. y = 20x + 50 C. y = 20x – 50
B. y = 50x + 20 D. y= 50x + 20

LESSON 2: FINDING THE EQUATION OF A LINE GIVEN THE SLOPE

AND A POINT

What’s In

Use the figure at your right to fill in each blank.

1. The given points B (-2, __) and A (__, 2)
2. Find the slope of BA.
B (x1, y1) and A (x2, y2)

𝑦 𝑦
m = 𝑥 2−−𝑥1
2 1

m = ___

12

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

3. Using point A or B
Substitute the slope and a point A, to the formula
y – y1 = m (x – x1),
y - ___= __ (x - __)
y - ___= ______
y = __x + __
4. Use slope and point B, substitute to the formula
y – y1 = m (x – x1)
y - ___= __ (x - __)
y - ___= ______
y = __x + __

A. Given the figure at your right

identify what are asked for.
1. 2 points on the line are
(__, __) and (__, __)
2. Slope m ________
3. Trend of the line ________
(increasing or decreasing)
4. x – intercept______
y–intercept______
5. Substitute the value of x and y from any of the two points of the line to
y – y1 = 𝑚(x – x1), where m is slope and (x1, y1) is any of the two points
on the line.
y - ___ = __(x - __)
B. Complete the table.
Equation Slope (m) y-intercept (b)
2
1. y = − x + 5
3

2. -3y = 5x

13

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 3. 4x + 2y = 8
4. 2x – 3y + 5 = 0
1 3 1
5. 𝑥 + 𝑦 =
2 4 3

Point-Slope Form of the Equation of a Line

The linear equation y – y1 = m (x – x1) is the point slope form. The
value of m is the slope of the line which contains a fixed point P 1(x1, y1).

Example 1: Find the equation of the line in slope-intercept form that passes
through P(2, -3) with a slope of 4.
Solution:
Step 1: Use the formula y – y1 = m (x – x1)
Step 2: Substitute the given to the formula
y – (-3) = 4(x – 2)
Step 3: Simplify using distributive property of multiplication
y + 3 = 4x – 8
Step 4: Simplify using APE
y = 4x – 8 – 3
Step 5: Combine like terms
y = 4x – 11
Therefore, the equation of the line passing through P(2, -3) with a slope of 4
is
y = 4x – 11.

14

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Example 2: Find the equation of a line which passes through the point (5,1)
1
and has a slope of 2.

Solution:
Step 1: Use the formula y – y1 = m (x – x1)
Step 2: Substitute the given to the formula
1
y – 1 = 2 (x – 5)

Step 3: Simplify using distributive property of multiplication

1 5
y –1 = 2x – 2

Step 4: Simplify using APE

1 5
y= x– +1
2 2

Step 5: Combine like terms

1 5 2
y =2 x – 2 + 2
𝟏 𝟑
y= x–
𝟐 𝟐

Therefore, the equation of the line passing through P(2, -3) with a slope of 4
𝟏 𝟑
is y = 𝟐x – 𝟐

15

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What’s More
A. Find the equation of each line that satisfies the given condition.
Express your answer in slope-intercept
form.
1. A line through (-2, 3) with slope of 4.
−1
2. A line with slope of 2 passes through (2, 3).
3. A line with slope of -3 and passes through
the origin.
4. A line through (3, -2) with the same slope of
line 3x – y = 6
5. A line using the given the graph.
6. A line with slope of 3 and passes through
(0, 3).
7. A line that passes through points (-2, -3) and (2, 2)
8. The slope of 3 and the same as the y-intercept of a line whose
equation is 2x – 3y = 12.
9. A line through (-4, 1) and (0, 3)

B. Write the equation of a line in the form Ax + By = C given the slope and
a point:
1. Through (4, 5) with a slope of ¾.
2. Through (-2, 3) with a slope of 3.

C. Answer the following:

1. The perimeter of a rectangle is 30 feet. This can be represented by the
equation 2L + 2w = 30, where L is the _______ and the w is the
________. Name the intercepts of the equation and explain what they
mean. ___________________________________________________
2. Mang Bok sells lechon manok. The following linear equation describes
the
profit P he makes when he sells x lechon manok.
P = 30x – 140, where P is in peso
What is the profit when he sells:
a. 10 lechon manok__________
b. 20 lechon manok__________
c. 25 lechon manok__________
d. 30 lechon manok__________

16

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

In the box provided…
1. Write the formula for finding an equation of a line given two points.

2. Write the formula for finding an equation of a line given the slope and a
point.

Do this!
The annual enrollment at MOB High School went from 500 in school year
2015 to 800 in school year 2020 and it seemed to follow a linear trend. Let
2015 be year 0 so that 2020 is year 5.
a. Graph the line.
b. Find the slope of the line.
c. Write the equation of the line in slope
intercept form.
d. If the enrollment follows the same trend,
predict the total enrollment in 2025.

Rubrics:
CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
Correctness Complete Complete Complete Incomplete
of the and correct and correct output but and incorrect
application output with output with with incorrect mathematical
of the no minimal mathematical solution
concept mathematical mathematical solution
(50%) errors errors

17

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Neatness The work is The work is The work is The work
and presented in presented in presented in appears
organization a neat, clear, neat and an organized sloppy and
(25%) organized organized but maybe unorganized.
that is easy that is easy hard to read It is hard to
to read and to read. at times. know what
understand information
goes
together.
Completion All problems All but one of Only one of All of the
(25%) are the problems the two problems are
completed. are problems are not
completed. completed. completed

Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. Which point lie on the line y = 4x - 7?
A. (1, 0) B. (1, 1) C. (1, -3) D. (4, 5)
2. What is the slope-intercept form of 4x – 2y = 8?
A. y = -2x – 6 B. y = 2x – 4 C. y = -2x + 4 D. y = 5x – 6

3. What is the equation of the line that has a slope of -6 and passes through
the origin?
A. y = -6x B. y = 6x C. y = -6x D. y = 6x – 1
4. Which of the following equations has a slope -2 and passes through the
point (0, -1)?
A. y = 2x – 1 B. y = -2x – 1 C. y = -2x D. y = -2x + 1
−3
5. What is the equation of the line with slope of and passes through
2
(0, -2)?
1 −3 −1 −3
A. y = -2x – 2
B. y = 2
x+1 C. y = - 2 x D. y = 2
x–2

6. What is the equation of a line containing point (2, -5) and has the same
slope as the line 6x – 3y = 12.
A. y = -2x – 9 B. y = 2x –9 C. y = -2x + 9 D. y = 2x – 9

18

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

7. What is the equation of a line that passes through (0, 5) and with negative
reciprocal slope of line x + 3y = 6?
A. y = -3x + 5 B. y = 3x - 5 C. y = 3x + 5 D. y = -x – 5
8. Which of the following equations has slope of 2 and passes through the
point (2, -5)?
A. 2x – y = 9 B. 2x – y = -9 C. 2x – y = 1 D. x + 2y = 1
9. What is the value of b if (-1, 2) is on the line with equation y = 2x + b?
A. –5 B. – 4 C. 4 D. 5
10. If the point (2, k) lies on the line represented by the equation 2x + y = 9,
which is the value of k?
A. –13 B. –5 C. 5 D. 13

Answer this problem:

After this pandemic, you and your friends plan to go to an amusement park.
The park charges Php 100 entrance fee and Php10 per ride. How much will
you pay if you take:
a. 4 rides? __________
b. 5 rides? __________
c. 10 rides? __________
d. 20 rides? __________
e. Let x represent the number of rides and y the total
amount you will spend in pesos. Write an equation
representing the amount you will spend in x rides.

19

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 LESSON 3: FINDING THE EQUATION OF A LINE GIVEN THE SLOPE
AND INTERCEPTS

Let’s have a quick review of your past lesson:

Given the graph at your right, identify the
following:
a. rise __________
b. run __________
c. slope __________
d. x-intercept __________
e. y-intercept __________

Given the graph at your right, answer the following:

For line of eq. 1 For line of eq. 2
Slope m1 = _____ Slope m2 = ______
x-intercept: _____ x-intercept: _____
y-intercept: _____ y-intercept: _____

The slope-intercept form of the equation of a line is

y = mx + b, substitute m and the value of b in the y-
intercept.
y = __x + ___ y = __x + __
If the value of x in the x-intercept is a, and the value of y in the y-intercept is
𝑥 𝑦
b, then substitute the value of a and b in the formula 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1 to find the
equation of the line.

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 What is It
Slope-Intercept Form of the Equation of a Line
The linear equation y = mx + b where m and b are real numbers, is in
slope-intercept form. The slope of the line is m and the value of y in the y-
intercept is b.
In the form Ax + By = C where A, B and C are real numbers, the slope
𝐴 𝐶
m is − 𝐵 ; the value of a in the x -intercept is 𝐴; and the value of b in the y-
𝐶
intercept is 𝐵

If the given the ordered pairs (a, 0) and (0, b) as the x and y intercepts
𝑏
respectively, the slope m is − 𝑎 ; the value of x is a in the x-intercept and the
value of y is b in the y-intercept.
Consider the following examples
Example 1: Find the equation of a line if its slope is 2 and the value of b is -7.
Solution:
y = mx + b
m = 2 and b = -7
The equation of the line is y = 2x – 7.
Example 2: Write the equation of a line with slope of 4 and b is 3.
Solution:
y = mx + b
m = 4 and b = 3
The equation of the line is y = 4x + 3.
Example 3: What is the slope, x-intercept and y-intercept given the equation
2x – 5y = 10?
Solution:
−𝐴
In the standard form of the linear equation Ax + By = C, m = ; the
𝐵
𝐶 𝐶
value of a in the x-intercept is ; the value of b in the y-intercept is .
𝐴 𝐵

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Given: A = 2; B = -5 and C = 10
−𝐴 −2 2
m= =−5 = 5
𝐵
10
a= =5
2
10
b =−5 = −2
𝟐
y = 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐
𝟐
The linear equation is y = 𝒙 – 𝟐
𝟓

Intercepts Form of a Line

Definition
The x-intercept of a line is the value of x when y = 0, and it is a point
which the line intersects the x-axis.
Let the point at which a line meets the x-axis be (a, 0) and the point at
which it intersects the y-axis be (0, b).
0−𝑏 −𝑏
𝑚= = Taking (a, 0) and (0, b) as the two points through
𝑎−0 𝑎
which the line passes
−𝑏
y – b = (𝑥 − 0) Taking (0, b) as the point in the slope-intercept
The 𝑎y-intercept of a line is the y-coordinate of the point, if it exists, at
form of a line 𝑎𝑦 − 𝑎𝑏 = −𝑏𝑥 Simplifying using MPE
which the line intersects the y-axis.
𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 Simplifying using APE
𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑎𝑏
𝑎𝑏
+ 𝑎𝑏
= 𝑎𝑏
Dividing both sides by ab
𝑥 𝑦
𝑎
+ 𝑏
=1 This equation is the intercepts form of the
equation of the line.
Example 4: Find the equation of a line with (4, 0) and (0, -3) as x and y-
intercepts respectively.
Solution:
𝑥 𝑦
Step 1: Use the formula 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1

a = 4 and b = -3
Step 2: Substitute the given values to the formula,
𝑥 𝑦
+ −3 = 1
4

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Step 3: Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD -12 (MPE)
3x – 4y = 12 Standard form
−𝐴 𝐶
Step 4: Compute for m and b, using the formula for m= and b =
𝐵 𝐵
−𝐴 −3 3
m = 𝐵 = −4 = 4
𝐶 12
b =𝐵 = −4 = -3

Step 5: Write 3x – 4y = 12 into slope-intercept form (y = mx + b) by

substituting the computed values of m and b.
𝟑
y = 𝟒 𝒙 −3

A. Match each given information to the equation of a line at the right.

Write the letter that corresponds to the correct equation on the space
provided before the number.
___1. The standard form of the equation of a line. A. 9x – 4y = 6
___2. The slope-intercept form of the equation of a line. B. 2x + 5y = 10
___3. Slope is -1 and the y-intercept is at (0, 11). C. y = -2x + 4
___4. Slope is -2 and b is 5. D. y = 3x + 9
E. Ax + By = C
___5. The slope is 3 and passes through (0, 9).
F. y = -x + 11
___6. a = 2; b = 4 G. y = mx + b
3 H. y = -2x + 5
___7. m = 2 ; (0, -1)
I. 5x – 4y = 20
___8. The standard form of the equation where the J. 3x – 2y = 2

x-intercept is at (5, 0) and y-intercept is at (0, 2).

2 −3
___9. The x-intercept is at ( 3 , 0) and y-intercept 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡 (0, ).
2

___10. The x and y-intercepts are (-4, 0) and (0, 5) respectively.

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 −𝐴
In the form Ax + By = C, the slope (m) is ; the value of a in the x -intercept
𝐵
𝐶 𝐶
(a, 0) is 𝐴; and the value of b in the y – intercept (0, b) is 𝐵. The slope-
intercept form of a line is y = mx + b. The x and y-intercept form of a line is
𝑥 𝑦
+ 𝑏 = 1.
𝑎

The Intercepts Form of the Equation of a Line

𝑥 𝑦
𝑎
+ 𝑏 = 1,

where a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, (a,0), and (0, b) are the x- and y-intercepts, respectively of

the line.

A. How to find the slope-intercept form of the equation of a line given the x-
intercept a and the y-intercept b?
To answer the question, fill the blanks of each step.
Step 1: The x-intercept is written as point (__, __) and the y-intercept as
point (_, __).
Step 2: Given the points (a, 0) and (0, b), x1 =___, x2 = ___, y1 = ___,
y2 = ____
𝑦2 −𝑦1
Step 3: To find the slope, use the formula m = , substitute the
𝑥2 −𝑥1

⎕−⎕ ⎕
value m = ⎕−⎕ = ⎕

Step 4: Then b as the y-intercept

The equation of a line in slope-intercept form is written as y = ___________,

where m is the ________ and b is the ________.
B. How to find the standard form of the equation of a line given the x-
intercept (a, 0) and the y-intercept (0, b)?

________________________________________________________

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Performance task!
Writing:
1. The slope of a line is 5 and its y-intercept is 8. Discuss how you will
write the equation in the slope-intercept form.
2. The profit P pesos from a buko juice stand can be modeled by the
equation
P = 5x – 100 where x represents the number of glasses of buko juice
sold. What is the y-intercept? Explain what it represents in this
problem.
3. Your classmate has been absent for the past few days. Write him/her a
letter describing how to convert an equation, such as y = 5 + 4(x – 5),
to slope-intercept form. Include examples in your explanation. End
your letter by telling your classmate how to identify equivalent
equations.

Rubrics:

CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
Correctness Correct Correct Incorrect Incorrect
of the presentation presentation representation representation
application of equation of equation of equation. of equation.
of the without with minimal
concept mathematical mathematical
(50%) errors errors
Neatness The work is The work is The work is The work
and presented in presented in presented in appears
organization a neat, clear, neat and an organized sloppy and
(25%) organized organized but maybe unorganized.
that is easy that is easy hard to read It is hard to
to read and to read. at times. know what
understand information
goes together.
Completion All problems All but one of Only one of All of the
(25%) are the problems the two problems are
completed. are problems are not completed
completed. completed.

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. What is the x -intercept of the line 2x + 3y = -4?
A. -3 B. 3 C. -2 D. -4
2. What is the slope of the equation y = 3 – x?
A. -1 B. 1 C. 3 D. -3
3. Which of these is the formula to find the equation of a line given the
intercepts?
𝑥 𝑦
A. y – y1 = m (x – x1) B.𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1
C. Ax + By = C D. Ax – By = C
4. What is the equation of a line with a slope of -1 and y-intercept is (0, 3)?
A. y = 3 – x B. y = x – 3 C. y = x – 3 D. y = x + 3
5. Which graph represents x = 2?

A. B. C. D.
6. Which graph represents y = -2?

A. B. C. D.
7. Given the equation in slope-intercept form y = 2x – 1, point shows the
y-intercept?
A. (-1, 0) B. (0, -1) C. (1, 0) D. (1, -1)
8. What is the equation of a line with an x-intercept of (5, 0) and a y-
intercept of (4, 0)?

A. x + y = 20 B. 4x – 5y = 20 C. 4x + 5y = 20 D. 6x + 5y = 20
9. From the graph given, identify the values a and b.
A. a = 2; b = 2 C. a = 3; b = 4
B. a = -2; b = 2 D. a = -3; b = 4

10. From the graph in #9, write the equation of the line.
𝐴. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 B. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2
C. 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2
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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Additional Activities

Analyze each given situation and do what are asked for.

1. It’s the end of the month which means it is time to pay the other
shoemaker employees in Marikina Shoe Factory. Fill out the table
below and then answer the questions so that each employee gets paid
the correct amount.

Write an equation for each situation and then solve.

Employee A gets paid Php40 per Employee B got a one-time
hour. He got paid Php1280 this Php130 bonus. He got paid
month. How many hours did he Php1730. How much did he make
work? before his bonus?

Write an equation for each situation then solve.

y = _________ y = __________
2. Being the manager, the coffee shop owner tells that you will receive a
salary of Php160 per hour and additional Php1, 350 as transportation
allowance for each month. If the owner hands you a check for Php26,
950.00, how many hours did you work this month? Write an equation
and then solve.
.

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 SUMMATIVE TEST
Encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. What is the slope-intercept form of a linear equation 3x + 2y = 6?
−3 −3
A. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 3 C. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 6
3 3
B. 𝑦 = 𝑥+3 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥+6
2 2

2. Some ordered pairs for a linear equation are given in the table below.
x -1 0 1 2 3
y 2 6 10 14 18
Which of the following equations matches the table above?
A. y = 4x - 6 B. y = -4x - 6 C. y = 4x + 6 D. y = -4x + 6
3. Which line passes through the points (-3, -4) and (3, 2)?
A. y = x - 1 B. y = -x + 1 C. y = x + 1 D. y = -x – 1
4. What is the equation of the line in the given figure?
A. y = 2x - 2
B. y = 2x + 2
C. y = -2x + 2
D. y = -2x – 2
5. What is the value of k such that point (3, -3) is on the line 3x + ky + 9 = 0?
A. -9 B. -6 C. 6 D. 8
6. Andy and his friends are going to the amusement park. The park charges
Php 50.00 entrance fee and Php 15.00 per ride. Which of the following
equations represents how much Andy will spend after he took several
rides?
A. y = 50x –15 B. y = 50x + 15 C. y = 15x – 50 D. y = 15x + 50
7. Which of the following equations represents the line with a slope of -3 and
passes through the origin?
A. y = -3x B. y = 3x C. y = -3x D. y = 3x – 1
8. What is the slope intercept form of the line with slope -1 and passes
through the point (0, 8)?
A. y = x – 8 B. y = -x – 8 C. y = -x D. y = -x + 8
−3
9. What is the equation of the line with slope of 2 and passes through (0,
4)?
3 −3 −3 3
A. y = -2x – B. y = x + 4 C. y = - x D. y = x – 4
2 2 2 2
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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

10. What is the equation of a line containing point (2, 5) and has the same
slope as the line 4x – 2y = 12?
A. y = -2x – 1 B. y = 2x + 1 C. y = -2x + 1 D. y = 2x – 1
11. What is the equation of a line that passes through (0, 5) and with negative
reciprocal slope of line x + 4y = 4?
A. y = -4x + 5 B. y = 4x - 5 C. y = 4x + 5 D. y = -4x – 5
12. Which of the following equations is the standard form of the line with slope
-3 and passes through the point (-4, -5)?
A. 3x + y = -17 B. 3x – y = -17 C. 3x – y = -17 D. x + 3y = -17
13. What is the equation of a line that passes through the origin with slope
−5
m= 4?
−5 −5
A. 𝑦 = 𝑥−2 C. 𝑦 = 𝑥+2
4 4
5 −5
B. 𝑦 = 𝑥−2 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥
4 4

14. What is the equation of a line passing through the x-axis at (-1,0) and y-
axis at (0,4)?
A. y = 4x + 4 B. y = -4x - 4 C. y = -4x + 4 D. y = 4x – 1

15. Which of the following is the equation of a line with slope of 5 and the
y-intercept is the same as the y-intercept of the line whose equation is
2x – 3y = 6?
A. y = 5x + 2 B. y = 5x – 2 C. y = 5x + 3 D. y = 5x – 3

16. Which of the following is the equation of a line with (4,0) and (0, -3) as x-
intercept and y-intercept respectively?
A. 3x – 4y = 12 C. 3x + 4y = 12
B. B. 4x – 3y = 12 D. 4x + 3y = 12

17. Anton and his friends are going to an amusement park. The park charges
Php 200.00 entrance fee and Php 10.00 per ride. What is the right
equation that represents this situation?
A. y = -10x + 200 C. y = 10x + 200
B. y = 20x – 10 D. y = 10x – 200

18. Myra bought 4 guava and 3 avocados. She paid Php 150. If x represents
the amount for each guava and y represents the amount for a piece of
avocado, which equation represents this problem?
A. 12x = 150 C. 3x – 4y = 150
B. 4x + 3y = 150 D. x + y = 150

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

19. Mario works at the shoe repair shop. His service fee is Php20 per pair of
shoes plus a meal allowance of 50 pesos a day. If he works 6 days a
week and repairs x number of shoes, which equation represents his
weekly salary?
A. y = 20x + 300 C. y = 25x + 300
B. B. x + y = 50 D. 2x + 2y = 50

20. Adult tickets in a park cost Php 30 each and for children 20 pesos each.
Write an equation showing a combination of adult tickets and children
tickets that cost Php 500. 00.
A. 20x – 30y = 500 D. 20x + 40y = 50
B. 30x + 20y = 500 C. 2x + 4y = 500

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE

 Development Team of the Module

Writer: JOCELYN O. HULIP, Marikina High School

Editors: GEMO PARAJAS – BNHS Principal
BIELYNDA C. DAELO (JDPNHS)
ANNALYN C. SANTOS – MSHS
VIOLENTINA J. ASUNCION – PHS
MARITES M. BENDOY – THS
AMOR G. AGARRO – MHS
JOEL ESTUDILLO – SNNHS
LOURDES B. GUYONG – NHS
Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: [email protected]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989 31

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE