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Active Learning 8 (Chapter 6) : Answers: 4.91 Kpa, 325 N

The document contains 4 practice problems related to fluid mechanics: 1. Calculating the pressure and anchoring force on a 90 degree elbow pipe carrying water upward. 2. Determining the power generated and horizontal force on a wind turbine with a 75m blade span in 25 km/h winds. 3. Finding the exit velocity and resistance force on a firefighter's hose nozzle with an 8cm diameter and 12 m3/min flow rate. 4. Calculating the airflow rate, power input, and blade rpm required for an unloaded and loaded helicopter to hover.

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129 views

Active Learning 8 (Chapter 6) : Answers: 4.91 Kpa, 325 N

The document contains 4 practice problems related to fluid mechanics: 1. Calculating the pressure and anchoring force on a 90 degree elbow pipe carrying water upward. 2. Determining the power generated and horizontal force on a wind turbine with a 75m blade span in 25 km/h winds. 3. Finding the exit velocity and resistance force on a firefighter's hose nozzle with an 8cm diameter and 12 m3/min flow rate. 4. Calculating the airflow rate, power input, and blade rpm required for an unloaded and loaded helicopter to hover.

Uploaded by

Omar A-g
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACTIVE LEARNING 8 (CHAPTER 6)

1. A 90° elbow in a horizontal pipe is used to direct water flow upward at a rate of 40 kg/s. The
diameter of the entire elbow is 10 cm. The elbow discharges water into the atmosphere, and thus
the pressure at the exit is the local atmospheric pressure. The elevation difference between the
centers of the exit and the inlet of the elbow is 50 cm. The weight of the elbow and the water in it
is considered to be negligible. Determine (a) the gage pressure at the center of the inlet of the
elbow and (b) the anchoring force needed to hold the elbow in place. Take the momentum-flux
correction factor to be 1.03 at both the inlet and the outlet. Answers: 4.91 kPa, 325 N
2. Commercially available large wind turbines have blade span diameters larger than 100 m and
generate over 3 MW of electric power at peak design conditions. Consider a wind turbine with a
75-m blade span subjected to 25-km/h steady winds. If the combined turbine–generator efficiency
of the wind turbine is 32 percent, determine (a) the power generated by the turbine and (b) the
horizontal force exerted by the wind on the supporting mast of the turbine. Take the density of air
to be 1.25 kg/m3, and disregard frictional effects on mast. Answers: 296 kW, -46.7 kN
3. Firefighters are holding a nozzle at the end of a hose while trying to extinguish a fire. If the nozzle
exit diameter is 8 cm and the water flow rate is 12 m3/min, determine (a) the average water exit
velocity and (b) the horizontal resistance force required of the firefighters to hold the nozzle.
Answers: 39.8 m/s, 7958 N
4. An unloaded helicopter of mass 12,000 kg hovers at sea level
while it is being loaded. In the unloaded hover mode, the
blades rotate at 550 rpm. The horizontal blades above the heli-
copter cause a 18-m-diameter air mass to move downward at
an average velocity proportional to the overhead blade
rotational velocity (rpm). A load of 14,000 kg is loaded onto
the helicopter, and the helicopter slowly rises.

Determine (a) the volumetric airflow rate downdraft that the


helicopter generates during unloaded hover and the required
power input and (b) the rpm of the helicopter blades to hover
with the 14,000-kg load and the required power input.

Take the density of atmospheric air to be 1.18 kg/m3. Assume air approaches the blades from the
top through a large area with negligible velocity and air is forced by the blades to move down with
a uniform velocity through an imaginary cylinder whose base is the blade span area. Answers:
5039 m3/s, 1170 kW, 3720 kW, 809 rpm
END OF PROBLEMS

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