EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ

and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

General Description Benefits and Features

The MAX17260 is an ultra-low power fuel gauge IC which ● ModelGauge m5 EZ
implements the Maxim ModelGauge™ m5 algorithm. The • No Characterization Required for EZ Performance
IC monitors a single-cell battery pack and supports both • Robust Against Battery Variation
high-side and low-side current sensing. • Eliminates Error Near Empty Voltage
The ModelGauge m5 EZ algorithm makes fuel gauge im- • Eliminates Coulomb-Counter Drift
plementation easy by eliminating battery characterization • Compensates for Age, Current, and Temperature
requirements and simplifying host software interaction. • Does Not Require Empty, Full, or Idle States
The algorithm provides tolerance against battery diversity ● Low 5.1μA Operating Current
for most lithium batteries and applications. The algorithm ● Accurate Current Sensing
combines the short-term accuracy and linearity of a • High-Side or Low-Side Sensing Option
coulomb counter with the long-term stability of a voltage- ● Wide Sense Resistor Range: 1mΩ to 1000mΩ
based fuel gauge, along with temperature compensation ● Trace Sensing with Temperature Compensation
to provide industry-leading fuel gauge accuracy. The ● Supports Li+ and Variants Including LiFePO4
IC automatically compensates for cell-aging, temperature, ● Thermistor or ±1°C Internal Temperature
discharge rate, and provides accurate state-of-charge ● Dynamic Power Estimates Power Capability During
(SOC) in percentage (%) and remaining capacity in mil- Discharge
liampere-hours (mAh) over a wide range of operating con- ● Time-to-Empty and Time-to-Full Estimation
ditions. As the battery approaches the critical region near ● Predicts Remaining Capacity Under Theoretical Load
empty, the algorithm invokes a special correction mecha- ● No Calibration Required
nism that eliminates any error. The IC provides accurate ● Alert Indicator for Voltage, SOC, Temperature,
estimation of time-to-empty and time-to-full and provides Current, and 1% SOC Change
three methods for reporting the age of the battery: reduc-
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
tion in capacity, increase in battery resistance, and cycle
odometer.
The IC provides precision measurements of current, volt- Simple Fuel-Gauge Circuit Diagram
age, and temperature. The temperature of the battery
pack is measured using an internal temperature sensor or OPTIONAL HIGH-SIDE
external thermistor. A 2-wire I2C interface provides access SENSING

to data and control registers. The IC is available in tiny RSENSE SYSPWR

lead-free 0.4mm pitch, 1.5mm x 1.5mm, 9-pin WLP pack-
CSN CSPH
age and 3mm x 3mm, 14-pin TDFN package.
BATT
0.1µF
Applications REG
0.47µF

● Wearables, Smartwatches
● Tablets, 2-in-1 Laptops MAX17260 ALRT
● Bluetooth Headsets SDA
PROTECTION SCL
● Health and Fitness Monitors CIRCUIT
● Digital Still, Video, and Action Cameras TH
● Medical Devices CSPL (TDFN)
● Handheld Computers and Terminals GND EP (TDFN) CSN
10kΩ
● Wireless Speakers NTC
● Home and Building Automation, Sensors
RSENSE
● Portable Game Players SYSGND
● Toys

ModelGauge is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

19-100249; Rev 1; 6/18

MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Benefits and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Simple Fuel-Gauge Circuit Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Absolute Maximum Ratings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
WLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
TDFN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Typical Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pin Configuration(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
TDFN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
WLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Functional Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Detailed Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ModelGauge m5 EZ Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Application Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Standard Register Formats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ModelGauge m5 EZ Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
DesignCap Register (18h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
VEmpty Register (3Ah). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ModelCfg Register (DBh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
IChgTerm Register (1Eh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Config Register (1Dh) and Config2 Register (BBh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ModelGauge m5 Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
ModelGauge m5 Algorithm Output Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
RepCap Register (05h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
RepSOC Register (06h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
FullCapRep Register (10h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
TTE Register (11h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
TTF Register (20h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Cycles Register (17h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Status Register (00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Analog Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Voltage Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
VCell Register (09h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)

AvgVCell Register (19h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
MaxMinVolt Register (1Bh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Current Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Current Register (0Ah). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
AvgCurrent Register (0Bh). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
MaxMinCurr Register (1Ch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Temperature Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Temp Register (08h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
AvgTA Register (16h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
MaxMinTemp Register (1Ah) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
DieTemp Register (034h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Power Register (B1h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
AvgPower Register (B3h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Alert Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
VAlrtTh Register (01h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
TAlrtTh Register (02h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
SAlrtTh Register (03h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
IAlrtTh Register (B4h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Serial Number Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
ModelGauge m5 Memory Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Layout Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Typical Application Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. ModelGauge m5 EZ Configuration Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 2. ModelGauge m5 Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 3. MAX17260 Low-Side Current Measurement Layout Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 4. MAX17260 High-Side Current Measurement Layout Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 5. Low-Side Current Measurement Typical Applications Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 6. High-Side Current Measurement Typical Applications Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. ModelGauge m5 EZ Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Table 2. ModelGauge m5 Register Standard Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 3. VEmpty (3Ah) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 4. ModelCFG (DBh) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 5. Config (1Dh) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 6. Config2 (BBh) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 7. Status (00h) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 8. MaxMinVolt (1Bh) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 9. Current Measurement Range and Resolution vs. Sense Resistor Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 10. MaxMinCurr (1Ch) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 11. MaxMinTemp (1Ah) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 12. VAlrtTh (01h) Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 13. TAlrtTh (02h) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 14. SAlrtTh (03h) Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 15. IAlrtTh (B4h) Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Table 16. Serial Number Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Table 17. ModelGauge m5 Register Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Absolute Maximum Ratings

BATT to GND ........................................................... -0.3V to +6V Junction Temperature ....................................................... +150°C
ALRT to GND ......................................................... -0.3V to +17V Storage Temperature Range ..............................-55°C to +125°C
REG to GND.......................................................... -0.3V to +2.2V Soldering Temperature (reflow) ........................................ +260°C
TH to GND............................................... -0.3 V to VBATT + 0.3 V Continuous Source Current for TH ........................................1mA
CSN to GND .............................................. -0.3V to VBATT + 0.3V Continuous Sink Current for SDA, ALRT .............................20mA
CSPH to GND............................... VBATT - 0.3V to VBATT + 0.3V Lead Temperature (soldering 10s).................................... +300ºC
CSPL to GND ........................................................ -0.3V to +0.3V
SDA, SCL to GND .................................................... -0.3V to +6V
Operating Temperature Range ............................ -40°C to +85°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may
affect device reliability.

Package Information
WLP
Package Code W91G1+2
Outline Number 21-100168
Land Pattern Number Refer to Application Note 1891
Thermal Resistance, Four-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θJA) 83.98ºC/W
Junction to Case (θJC) NA

TDFN
Package Code T1433+2C
Outline Number 21-0137
Land Pattern Number 90-0063
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θJA) 54ºC/W
Junction to Case (θJC) 8ºC/W
Thermal Resistance, Four-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θJA) 41ºC/W
Junction to Case (θJC) 8ºC/W

For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board.
For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Electrical Characteristics
(VBATT = 2.3V to 4.9V, TA = -40ºC to +85ºC, typical value for TA is +25ºC. Limits are 100% tested at TA = +25°C. The operating
temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Specifications marked "GBD" are
guaranteed by design and not production tested.)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

POWER SUPPLY
Supply Voltage VBATT (Note 1) 2.3 4.9 V
Shutdown Supply
IDD0 TA ≤ +50ºC 0.5 0.9 μA
Current
Hibernate Supply
IDD1 TA ≤ +50ºC, average current 5.1 12 μA
Current
TA ≤ +50ºC, average current not including
Active Supply Current IDD2 15 30 μA
thermistor measurement current
Regulation Voltage VREG 1.8 V
Startup Voltage VBATTSU 3 V
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION
BATT Measurement TA = +25ºC -7.5 +7.5
VGERR mV
Error -40ºC ≤ TA ≤ +85ºC -20 +20
BATT Measurement
VLSB 78.125 μV
Resolution
BATT Measurement
VFS 2.3 4.9 V
Range
Current Measurement
IOERR Long-term average without load current ±1.5 μV
Offset Error
Current Measurement % of
IGERR -1 +1
Error Reading
Current Measurement
ILSB 1.5625 μV
Resolution
Current Measurement
IFS ±51.2 mV
Range
Internal Temperature
TIGERR -40ºC ≤ TA ≤ +85ºC ±1 ºC
Measurement Error
Internal Temperature
Measurement TILSB 0.00391 ºC
Resolution
INPUT/OUTPUT
External Thermistance REXT10 Config.R100 = 0 10
kΩ
Resistance REXT100 Config.R100 = 1 100
Output Drive Low,
VOL IOL = 4mA, VBATT = 2.3V 0.4 V
ALRT, SDA
Input Logic High, ALRT,
VIH 1.5 V
SCL, SDA
Input Logic Low, ALRT,
VIL 0.5 V
SCL, SDA

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Electrical Characteristics (continued)

(VBATT = 2.3V to 4.9V, TA = -40ºC to +85ºC, typical value for TA is +25ºC. Limits are 100% tested at TA = +25°C. The operating
temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Specifications marked "GBD" are
guaranteed by design and not production tested.)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Battery-Detach Measured as a fraction of VBATT on TH
VDET 91 96.2 99 %
Detection Threshold rising
Battery-Detach
Measured as a fraction of VBATT on TH
Detection Threshold VDET-HYS 1 %
falling
Hysteresis
Battery-Detach TH step from 70% to 100% of VBATT
tTOFF 100 μs
Comparator Delay (Alrtp = 0, EnAIN = 1, FTHRM = 1)
LEAKAGE
Leakage Current, CSN,
ILEAK VALRT < 15V -1 +1 μA
ALRT
Input Pulldown Current IPD VSDA = 0.4V, VSCL = 0.4V 0.05 0.2 0.4 μA
2-WIRE INTERFACE
SCL Clock Frequency fSCL (Note 2) 0 400 kHz
Bus Free Time Between
a STOP and START tBUF 1.3 μs
Condition
Hold Time (Repeated)
tHD:STA (Note 3) 0.6 μs
START Condition
Low Period of SCL
tLOW 1.3 μs
Clock
High Period of SCL
tHIGH 0.6 μs
Clock
Setup Time for a
Repeated START tSU:STA 0.6 μs
Condition
Data Hold Time tHD:DAT (Note 4, Note 5) 0 0.9 μs
Data Setup Time tSU:DAT (Note 4) 100 ns
Rise Time of Both SDA
tR 5 300 ns
and SCL Signals
Fall Time of Both SDA
tF 5 300 ns
and SCL Signals
Setup Time for STOP
tSU:STO 0.6 μs
Condition
Spike Pulse Width
Suppressed by Input tSP (Note 6) 50 ns
Filter
Capacitive Load for
CB (Note 7) 400 pF
Each Bus Line
SCL, SDA Input
CBIN 6 pF
Capacitance

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Electrical Characteristics (continued)

(VBATT = 2.3V to 4.9V, TA = -40ºC to +85ºC, typical value for TA is +25ºC. Limits are 100% tested at TA = +25°C. The operating
temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Specifications marked "GBD" are
guaranteed by design and not production tested.)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

TIMING
Time-Base Accuracy tERR TA = +25°C -1 +1 %
TH Precharge Time tPRE 8.48 ms
Note 1: All voltages are referenced to GND.
Note 2: Timing must be fast enough to prevent the IC from entering shutdown mode due to bus low for a period greater than the
shutdown timer setting.
Note 3: fSCL must meet the minimum clock low time plus the rise/fall times.
Note 4: The maximum tHD:DAT has only to be met if the device does not stretch the low period (tLOW) of the SCL signal.
Note 5: This device internally provides a hold time of at least 100ns for the SDA signal (refer to the minimum VIH of the SCL signal)
to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL.
Note 6: Filters on SDA and SCL suppress noise spikes at the input buffers and delay the sampling instant.
Note 7: CB represents total capacitance of one bus line in pF.

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Typical Operating Characteristics

(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
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Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
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Pin Configuration(s)
TDFN

TOP VIEW
(PAD SIDE DOWN)

TH 1 14 SCL

NC 2 13 SDA

NC 3 12 ALRT

NC 4 MAX17260 11 REG

NC 5 10 CSPH

BATT 6 9 CSPL

EP
CSN 7 8 GND

TDFN

WLP

TOP VIEW
(BUMP SIDE DOWN)
MAX17260

TH SCL CSN

A1 A2 A3

BATT ALRT REG

B1 B2 B3

SDA CSPH GND/CSPL

C1 C2 C3

WLP

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Pin Descriptions
PIN
NAME FUNCTION
TDFN WLP
2, 3, 4, 5 — NC No Connection.
Thermistor Input. Connect a thermistor from TH to GND. TH also provides battery insertion/
1 A1 TH
removal detection. Connect to BATT if not used.
Serial Clock Input. 2-wire clock line. Input only. SCL has an internal pulldown (IPD) for
14 A2 SCL
sensing disconnection.
Serial Data Input/Output. 2-wire data line. Open-drain output driver. SDA has an internal
13 C1 SDA
pulldown (IPD) for sensing disconnection.
Sense Resistor Negative Sense Point. On start up, the CSN voltage is measured to
determine whether it is a high-side or low-side application. For a low-side application,
7 A3 CSN
Kelvin connect to the system side of the sense resistor; for a high-side application, Kelvin
connect to the cell side of the sense resistor.
High-Side Sense Resistor Positive Sense Point. For a high-side current sensing
10 C2 CSPH application, Kelvin connect to the system side of an external high-side sense resistor. For a
low-side current sensing application, tie to the BATT pin.
Low-Side Sense Resistor Positive Sense Point. Kelvin connect to the cell side of the sense
9 — CSPL
resistor.
IC Power Supply and Battery Voltage Sense Input. Connect to the positive terminal of a
6 B1 BATT
battery cell. Bypass with a 0.1μF capacitor to GND.
GND/ IC Ground and Low-Side Sense Resistor Positive Sense Point. Kelvin connect to the cell
— C3
CSPL side of the sense resistor.
8 — GND IC Ground.
Internal 1.8V Regulator Output. Bypass with an external 0.47μF capacitor to GND. Do not
11 B3 REG
load externally.
Alert Output. The ALRT pin is an open-drain active-low output which indicates fuel-gauge
12 B2 ALRT
alerts. Connect to GND if not used.

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Functional Diagram

OPTIONAL HIGH-SIDE SENSING

RSENSE SYSPWR
CSN CSPH

BATT 1.8V LDO REG

IN OUT 0.47µF
0.1µF

THRM 32kHz
ENABLE OSCILLATOR ALRT

ModelGauge m5
CORE
12-BIT
MUX
INTERNAL ADC SDA
I2C
PULLUP INTERFACE SCL

PROTECTION INTERNAL
CIRCUIT TEMPERATURE
TH SENSOR
MAX17260
10kΩ/ CSPL (TDFN)
GND EP (TDFN) CSN
100kΩ
NTC

RSENSE
SYSGND

Detailed Description
The MAX17260 is an ultra-low power fuel gauge IC which implements the Maxim ModelGauge m5 EZ algorithm. The IC
measures voltage, current, and temperature accurately to produce fuel gauge results. The ModelGauge m5 EZ robust
algorithm provides tolerance against battery diversity. This additional robustness enables simpler implementation for
most applications and batteries by avoiding time-consuming battery characterization.
The ModelGauge m5 algorithm combines the short-term accuracy and linearity of a coulomb-counter with the long-term
stability of a voltage-based fuel gauge, along with temperature compensation to provide industry-leading fuel gauge
accuracy. The IC automatically compensates for aging, temperature, and discharge rate and provides accurate state of
charge (SOC) in percentage (%) and remaining capacity in milliampere-hours (mAhr) over a wide range of operating
conditions. Fuel gauge error always converges to 0% as the cell approaches empty.
The IC has a register set that is compatible with Intel's DBPT v2 dynamic power standard. This allows the system
designer to safely estimate the maximum allowed CPU turbo-boost power level in complex power conditions. The IC
provides accurate estimation of time-to-empty and time-to-full and provides three methods for reporting the age of the
battery: reduction in capacity, increase in battery resistance, and cycle odometer.
The IC contains a unique serial number. It can be used for cloud-based authentication. See the Serial Number Feature
section for more information.
Communication to the host occurs over standard I2C interface. The I2C slave address for the MAX17260 is specified
in the Ordering Information table. For information about I2C communication, refer to the User Guide 6597: MAX1726x
ModelGauge m5 EZ User Guide.

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

ModelGauge m5 EZ Performance
ModelGauge m5 EZ performance provides plug-and-play operation when the IC is connected to most lithium batteries.
While the IC can be custom tuned to the application's specific battery through a characterization process for ideal
performance, the IC has the ability to provide good performance for most applications with no custom characterization
required. Table 1 and Figure 1 show the performance of the ModelGauge m5 algorithm in applications using ModelGauge
m5 EZ configuration.
The ModelGauge m5 EZ provides good performance for most cell types. For some chemistries, such as lithium-iron-
phosphate (LiFePO4) and Panasonic NCR/NCA series cells, it is suggested that the customer request a custom model
from Maxim for best performance.
For even better fuel-gauging accuracy than ModelGauge m5 EZ, contact Maxim for information regarding cell
characterization.

Table 1. ModelGauge m5 EZ Performance

DESCRIPTION AFTER FIRST CYCLE* (%) AFTER SECOND CYCLE* (%)
Tests with less than 3% error 95 97
Tests with less than 5% error 98.7 99
Tests with less than 10% error 100 100

*Test conditions: +20°C and +40°C, run time of > 3 hours.

ModelGauge m5 EZ CONFIGURATION PERFORMANCE

60%

50%
TEST CONDITIONS:
· 300+ DIFFERENT BATTERIES
· 3000+ DISCHARGES
40%
· BETWEEN +20ºC TO +40ºC
PERCENTILE OF TESTS (%)

· RUN TIME OF > 3 HOURS

· AFTER FIRST CYCLE
30%

20%

10%

0%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
WORST CASE ERROR DURING DISCHARGE (%)

Figure 1. ModelGauge m5 EZ Configuration Performance

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

Application Notes
Refer to the following application notes for additional reference material:
● User Guide 6597: MAX1726x ModelGauge m5 EZ User Guide
• Documents full register set
• More details about ModelGauge m5 algorithm
• Discusses additional applications
● User Guide 6595: MAX1726x Software Implementation Guide
• Guidelines for software drivers including example code

Standard Register Formats

Unless otherwise stated during a given register's description, all IC registers follow the same format depending on the
type of register. See Table 2 for the resolution and range of any register described hereafter. Note that current and
capacity values are displayed as a voltage and must be divided by the sense resistor to determine Amps or Amp-hours.

Table 2. ModelGauge m5 Register Standard Resolutions

REGISTER MINIMUM MAXIMUM
LSb SIZE NOTES
TYPE VALUE VALUE
5.0μVh/ 327.675mVh/
Capacity 0.0μVh Equivalent to 0.5mAh with a 0.010Ω sense resistor.
RSENSE RSENSE
Percentage 1/256% 0.0% 255.9961% 1% LSb when reading only the upper byte.
Voltage 78.125μV 0.0V 5.11992V
1.5625μV/ -51.2mV/ 51.1984mV/ Signed 2's complement format. Equivalent to 156.25μA with a
Current
RSENSE RSENSE RSENSE 0.010Ω sense resistor.
Signed 2's complement format. 1°C LSb when reading only the
Temperature 1/256°C -128.0°C 127.996°C
upper byte.
Resistance 1/4096Ω 0.0Ω 15.99976Ω
Time 5.625s 0.0s 102.3984h
Special Format details are included with the register description.

ModelGauge m5 EZ Configuration Registers

The following registers are inputs to the ModelGauge m5 algorithm and store characterization information for the
application cells as well as important application specific parameters. They are described briefly here.
Only the following information is required for configuring ModelGauge m5 EZ:
● Label Capacity—DesignCap
● Empty Voltage—VEmpty
● Charge Termination Current—ICHGTerm
Refer to the MAX1726x Software Implementation Guide for more details on how to initialize the fuel gauge.

DesignCap Register (18h)

Register Type: Capacity
Initial value: 0x0BB8
The DesignCap register holds the nominal capacity of the cell.

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

VEmpty Register (3Ah)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0xA561 (3.3V/3.88V)
The VEmpty register sets thresholds related to empty detection during operation. Table 3 shows the register format.

Table 3. VEmpty (3Ah) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
VE VR

VE: Empty voltage target, during load. The fuel gauge provides capacity and percentage relative to the empty voltage
target, eventually declaring 0% at VE. A 10mV resolution gives a 0V to 5.11V range. This value defaults to 3.3V after
reset.
VR: Recovery voltage. Sets the voltage level for clearing empty detection. Once the cell voltage rises above this point,
empty voltage detection is reenabled. A 40mV resolution gives a 0V to 5.08V range. This value defaults to 3.88V, which
is recommended for most applications.

ModelCfg Register (DBh)

Register Type: Special
The ModelCFG register controls basic options of the EZ algorithm. Table 4 shows the register format.

Table 4. ModelCFG (DBh) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Refresh 0 R100 0 0 VChg 0 0 ModelID 0 CSEL 0 0

Refresh: Set Refresh to 1 to command the model reload. After completion the MAX17260 clears Refresh to 0.
R100: if using 100kΩ NTC, set R100 = 1; if using 10kΩ NTC, set R100 = 0.
0: Bit must be written 0. Do not write 1.
ModelID: Choose from one of the following Lithium models. For the majority of batteries, use ModelID = 0.
ModelID = 0: Use for most lithium cobalt-oxide variants (a large majority of lithium in the market-place). Supported by EZ
without characterization.
ModelID = 2: Use for lithium NCR or NCA cells such as Panasonic. Custom characterization is recommended in this
case.
ModelID = 6: Use for lithium iron-phosphate (LiFePO4). Custom characterization is recommended in this case.
VChg: Set VChg to 1 for charge voltage higher than 4.25V (4.3V–4.4V). Set VChg to 0 for 4.2V charge voltage.
CSEL: Hi-side / lo-side current sense selection. The current-sense schematic is automatically determined at bootup,
and CSEL is initialized to the appropriate setting. Applications should generally not change CSEL to preserve the auto-
detected setting.

IChgTerm Register (1Eh)

Register Type: Current
Initial Value: 0x0640 (250mA on 10mΩ)
The IChgTerm register allows the device to detect when charge termination has occurred. Program IChgTerm to the

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

exact charge termination current used in the application.

Refer to the End-of-Charge Detection section of the User Guide 6597: MAX1726x ModelGauge m5 EZ User Guide for
more details.

Config Register (1Dh) and Config2 Register (BBh)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x2210 for Config, 0x3658 for Config2
The Config registers hold all shutdown enable, alert enable, and temperature enable control bits. Writing a bit location
enables the corresponding function within one task period. Table 5 and Table 6 show the register formats.

Table 5. Config (1Dh) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
TSel SS TS VS IS THSH Ten Tex SHDN COMMSH 0 ETHRM FTHRM Aen Bei Ber

Table 6. Config2 (BBh) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
0 0 AtRateEn DPEn POWR dSOCen TAlrtEn LDMdl 1 DRCfg CPMode 0

0: Bit must be written 0. Do not write 1.

1: Bit must be written 1. Do not write 0.
TSEL: Temperature sensor select. Set to 0 to use internal die temperature. Set to 1 to use temperature information from
thermistor. ETHRM bit must be set to 1 when TSel is 1.
SS: SOC ALRT Sticky. When SS = 1, SOC alerts can only be cleared through software. When SS = 0, SOC alerts are
cleared automatically when the threshold is no longer exceeded.
TS: Temperature ALRT Sticky. When TS = 1, temperature alerts can only be cleared through software. When TS = 0,
temperature alerts are cleared automatically when the threshold is no longer exceeded.
VS: Voltage ALRT Sticky. When VS = 1, voltage alerts can only be cleared through software. When VS = 0, voltage alerts
are cleared automatically when the threshold is no longer exceeded.
IS: Current ALRT Sticky. When IS = 1, current alerts can only be cleared through software. When IS = 0, current alerts
are cleared automatically when the threshold is no longer exceeded.
THSH: TH Pin Shutdown. Set to 1 to enable device shutdown when the IC is mounted host-side and the battery is
removed. The IC enters shutdown if the TH pin remains high (VTH > VBATT - VDET) for longer than the timeout of the
ShdnTimer register. This also configures the device to wake up when TH is pulled low with a thermistor on-cell insertion.
Note that if COMMSH and AINSH are both set to 0, the device wakes up on any edge of SDA.
Ten: Enable Temperature Channel. Set to 1 and set ETHRM or FTHRM to 1 to enable temperature measurement.
Tex: Temperature External. When set to 1, the fuel gauge requires external temperature measurements to be written
from the host. When set to 0, the ICs own measurements are used instead.
SHDN: Shutdown. Write this bit to logic 1 to force a shutdown of the device after timeout of the ShdnTimer register
(default 45s delay). SHDN is reset to 0 at power-up and upon exiting shutdown mode. In order to command shutdown
within 45 seconds, first write HibCFG = 0x0000 to enter active mode.
COMMSH: Communication Shutdown. Set to logic 1 to force the device to enter shutdown mode if both SDA and SCL
are held low for more than timeout of the ShdnTimer register. This also configures the device to wake up on a rising edge

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
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of any communication. Note that if COMMSH and THSH are both set to 0, the device wakes up on any edge of SDA.
Refer to the User Guide 6597: MAX1726x ModelGauge m5 EZ User Guide for details.
ETHRM: Enable Thermistor. Set to logic 1 to enable the TH pin measurement.
FTHRM: Force Thermistor Bias Switch. This allows the host to control the bias of the thermistor switch or enable
fast detection of battery removal. Set FTHRM = 1 to always enable the thermistor bias switch. With a standard 10kΩ
thermistor, this adds an additional ~200μA to the current drain of the circuit.
Aen: Enable alert on fuel-gauge outputs. When Aen = 1, any violation of the alert threshold register values by
temperature, voltage, current, or SOC triggers an alert. This bit affects the ALRT pin operation only. The Smx, Smn, Tmx,
Tmn, Vmx, Vmn, Imx, and Imn bits of the Status register (000h) are not disabled.
Bei: Enable alert on battery insertion when the IC is mounted host-side. When Bei = 1, a battery-insertion condition, as
detected by the TH pin voltage, triggers an alert.
Ber: Enable alert on battery removal when the IC is mounted host-side. When Ber = 1, a battery-removal condition, as
detected by the TH pin voltage, triggers an alert.
AtRateEn: AtRate enable. When this bit is set to 0, AtRate calculations are disabled and registers AtQResidual/AtTTE/
AtAvSOC/AtAvCap can be used as general purpose memory.
DPEn: Dynamic power enable. When this bit is set to 0, Dynamic Power calculations are disabled and registers
MaxPeakPower/SusPeakPower/MPPCurrent/SPPCurrent can be used as general purpose memory.
POWR: Sets the time constant for the AvgPower register. The default POR value of 0100b gives a time constant of
11.25s. The equation setting the period is:
AvgPower time constant = 45s x 2(POWR-6)
dSOCen: SOC Change Alert Enable. Set this bit to 1 to enable alert output with the Status.dSOCi bit function. Write this
bit to 0 to disable alert output with the Status. dSOCi bit. This bit is set to 0 at power-up.
TAlrten: Temperature Alert Enable. Set this bit to 1 to enable temperature based alerts. Write this bit to 0 to disable
temperature alerts. This bit is set to 1 at power-up.
LDMdl: Host sets this bit to 1 in order to initiate firmware to finish processing a newly loaded model. Firmware clears this
bit to zero to indicate that model loading is finished.
DRCfg: Deep relax time configuration. 00 for 0.8 to 1.6 hours, 01 for 1.6 to 3.2 hours, 10 for 3.2 to 6.4 hours and 11 for
6.4 to 12.8 hours.
CPMode: Constant-power mode. Set to 1 to enable constant-power mode. If it is set to 0, AtRate/AvgCurrent is used for
AvgVCell
(At)TTE/(At)QResidual/(At)AvSOC/(At)AvCap. If it is set to 1, AtRate/AvgCurrent x (AvgVCell + VEmpty) 2 is used for those
/
calculations

ModelGauge m5 Algorithm
Classical coulomb-counter-based fuel gauges have excellent linearity and short-term performance. However, they suffer
from drift due to the accumulation of the offset error in the current-sense measurement. Although the offset error is often
very small, it cannot be eliminated. It causes the reported capacity error to increase over time and requires periodic
corrections. Corrections are traditionally performed at full or empty. Some other systems also use the relaxed battery
voltage to perform corrections. These systems determine the true state-of-charge (SOC) based on the battery voltage
after a long time of no current flow. Both have the same limitation: if the correction condition is not observed over time in
the actual application, the error in the system is boundless. The performance of classic coulomb counters is dominated by
the accuracy of such corrections. Voltage measurement based SOC estimation has accuracy limitations due to imperfect
cell modeling, but does not accumulate offset error over time.
The IC includes an advanced voltage fuel gauge (VFG) that estimates open-circuit voltage (OCV), even during current
flow, and simulates the nonlinear internal dynamics of a Li+ battery to determine the SOC with improved accuracy. The
model considers the time effects of a battery caused by the chemical reactions and impedance in the battery to determine
SOC. This SOC estimation does not accumulate offset error over time. The IC performs a smart empty compensation

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
and Optional High-Side Current Sensing

algorithm that automatically compensates for the effect of temperature condition and load condition to provide accurate
state-of-charge information. The converge-to-empty function eliminates error toward empty state. The IC learns battery
capacity over time automatically to improve long-term performance. The age information of the battery is available in the
output registers.
The ModelGauge m5 algorithm combines a high-accuracy coulomb counter with a VFG. See Figure 2. The
complementary combined result eliminates the weaknesses of both the coulomb counter and the VFG while providing
the strengths of both. A mixing algorithm weighs and combines the VFG capacity with the coulomb counter and weighs
each result so that both are used optimally to determine the battery state. In this way, the VFG capacity result is used to
continuously make small adjustments to the battery state, cancelling the coulomb-counter drift.

RSENSE

CURRENT

INTEGRATOR

ModelGauge COULOMB
ALGORITHM COUNTER

%SOC CHANGE Q CHANGE

CAPACITY FULL, EMPTY, AND

MICROCORRECTIONS STANDBY-STATE
DETECTION UNNECESSARY

Figure 2. ModelGauge m5 Algorithm

The ModelGauge m5 algorithm uses this battery state information and accounts for temperature, battery current, age,
and application parameters to determine the remaining capacity available to the system. As the battery approaches the
critical region near empty, the ModelGauge m5 algorithm invokes a special error correction mechanism that eliminates
any error.
The ModelGauge m5 algorithm continually adapts to the cell and application through independent learning routines. As
the cell ages, its change in capacity is monitored and updated and the voltage-fuel-gauge dynamics adapt based on cell-
voltage behavior in the application.

ModelGauge m5 Algorithm Output Registers

The following registers are outputs from the ModelGauge m5 algorithm. The values in these registers become valid
351ms after the IC is configured.

RepCap Register (05h)

Register Type: Capacity
RepCap or reported remaining capacity in mAh. The ModelGauge m5 algorithm prevents remaining capacity from making
a sudden jump during load change conditions.

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
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RepSOC Register (06h)

Register Type: Percentage
RepSOC is the reported state-of-charge percentage output for use by the application user interface.

FullCapRep Register (10h)

Register Type: Capacity
This register reports the full capacity that goes with RepCap, generally used for reporting to the user. A new full-capacity
value is calculated at the end of every charge cycle in the application.

TTE Register (11h)

Register Type: Time
The TTE register holds the estimated time to empty for the application under present temperature and load conditions.
TTE register is only valid when current register is negative.

TTF Register (20h)

Register Type: Time
The TTF register holds the estimated time to full for the application under present conditions. The TTF value is
determined by learning the constant current and constant voltage portions of the charge cycle based on experience of
prior charge cycles. Time-to-full is then estimated by comparing the present charge current to the charge termination
current. Operation of the TTF register assumes all charge profiles are consistent in the application. The TTF register is
only valid when the current register is positive.

Cycles Register (17h)

Register Type: Special
The Cycles register maintains a total count of the number of charge/discharge cycles of the cell. The result is stored
as a fraction of a full cycle. For example, a full charge/discharge cycle results in the Cycles register incrementing by
100%. The Cycles register accumulates fractional or whole cycles. For example, if a battery is cycled 10% x 10 times,
then it is equivalent to 100% of one cycle. The Cycles register has a full range of 0 to 655.35 cycles with a 1% LSb.

Status Register (00h)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x8082
The Status register maintains all flags related to alert thresholds and battery insertion or removal. Table 7 shows the
Status register format.

Table 7. Status (00h) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Br Smx Tmx Vmx Bi Smn Tmn Vmn dSOCi Imx X X Bst Imn POR X

POR (Power-On Reset): This bit is set to 1 when the device detects that a software or hardware POR event has
occurred. This bit must be cleared by system software to detect the next POR event. POR is set to 1 at power-up.
Imn and Imx (Minimum/Maximum Current-Alert Threshold Exceeded): These bits are set to 1 whenever a Current
register reading is below (Imn) or above (Imx) the IAlrtTh thresholds. These bits may or may not need to be cleared by
system software to detect the next event. See Config.IS bit description. Imn and Imx are cleared to 0 at power-up.

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Vmn and Vmx (Minimum/Maximum Voltage-Alert Threshold Exceeded): These bits are set to 1 whenever a VCell
register reading is below (Vmn) or above (Vmx) the VAlrtTh thresholds. These bits may or may not need to be cleared by
system software to detect the next event. See Config.VS bit description. Vmn and Vmx are cleared to 0 at power-up.
Tmn and Tmx (Minimum/Maximum Temperature-Alert Threshold Exceeded): These bits are set to 1 whenever a
Temperature register reading is below (Tmn) or above (Tmx) the TAlrtTh thresholds. These bits may or may not need to
be cleared by system software to detect the next event. See Config.TS bit description. Tmn and Tmx are cleared to 0 at
power-up.
Smn and Smx (Minimum/Maximum SOC-Alert Threshold Exceeded): These bits are set to 1 whenever SOC is below
(Smn) or above (Smx) the SAlrtTh thresholds. These bits may or may not need to be cleared by system software to
detect the next event. See Config.SS description. Smn and Smx are cleared to 0 at power-up.
Bst (Battery Status): Useful when the IC is used in a host-side application. This bit is set to 0 when a battery is present
in the system, and set to 1 when the battery is absent. Bst is set to 0 at power-up.
dSOCi (State-of-Charge 1% Change Alert): This is set to 1 whenever the RepSOC register crosses an integer
percentage boundary such as 50.0%, 51.0%, etc. Must be cleared by host software. dSOCi is set to 1 at power-up.
Bi (Battery Insertion): Useful when the IC is used in a host-side application. This bit is set to 1 when the device detects
that a battery has been inserted into the system by monitoring the TH pin. This bit must be cleared by system software
to detect the next insertion event. Bi is set to 0 at power-up.
Br (Battery Removal): Useful when the IC is used in a host-side application. This bit is set to 1 when the system detects
that a battery has been removed from the system. This bit must be cleared by system software to detect the next removal
event. Br is set to 1 at power-up.
X (Don’t Care): This bit is undefined and can be logic 0 or 1.

Analog Measurements
The IC monitors voltage, current, and temperature. This information is provided to the fuel-gauge algorithm to predict cell
capacity and also made available to the user.

Voltage Measurement

VCell Register (09h)

Register Type: Voltage
VCell reports the voltage measured between BATT and GND.

AvgVCell Register (19h)

Register Type: Voltage
The AvgVCell register reports an average of the VCell register readings.

MaxMinVolt Register (1Bh)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x00FF
The MaxMinVolt register maintains the maximum and minimum of VCell register values since device reset. At power-up,
the maximum voltage value is set to 00h (the minimum) and the minimum voltage value is set to FFh (the maximum).
Therefore, both values are changed to the voltage register reading after the first update. Host software can reset this
register by writing it to its power-up value of 0x00FF. The maximum and minimum voltages are each stored as 8-bit
values with a 20mV resolution. Table 8 shows the register format.

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Table 8. MaxMinVolt (1Bh) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MaxVCELL MinVCELL

MaxVCELL: Maximum VCell register reading

MinVCELL: Minimum VCell register reading

Current Measurement
The IC monitors the current flow through the battery by measuring the voltage across the current-sensing element over
a ±51.2mV range. The IC is precalibrated for current-measurement accuracy in Maxim's factory.
Additionally, the IC maintains a record of the minimum and maximum current measured by the IC and an average current.
See the Layout Guidelines section for the recommended board layout to minimize current-sense error.

Current Register (0Ah)

Register Type: Current
The IC measures the voltage across the sense resistor, and the result is stored as a two’s complement value in the
Current register. Voltages outside the minimum and maximum register values are reported as the minimum or maximum
value. The register value should be divided by the sense resistance to convert to amperes. The value of the sense resistor
determines the resolution and the full-scale range of the current readings. Table 9 shows range and resolution values
for typical sense resistances. This is for rechargeable applications. Non-rechargeable applications with long run-times
should generally use higher sense resistor value.

Table 9. Current Measurement Range and Resolution vs. Sense Resistor Value
BATTERY FULL SENSE CURRENT REGISTER CURRENT REGISTER CAPACITY
CAPACITY (mAh) RESISTOR (mΩ) RESOLUTION (μA) RANGE (A) RESOLUTION (mAh)
> 4000 1 1562.5 ± 51.2 5
> 2000 2 781.25 ± 25.6 2.5
> 800 5 312.5 ± 10.24 1
> 400 10 156.25 ± 5.12 0.5
> 200 20 78.125 ± 2.56 0.25
> 80 50 31.25 ± 1.024 0.1

AvgCurrent Register (0Bh)

Register Type: Current
The AvgCurrent register reports an average of Current register readings.

MaxMinCurr Register (1Ch)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x807F
The MaxMinCurr register maintains the maximum and minimum Current register values since the last IC reset or until
cleared by host software. At power-up, the maximum current value is set to 80h (most negative) and the minimum current
value is set to 7Fh (most positive). Therefore, both values are changed to the Current register reading after the first

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update. Host software can reset this register by writing it to its power-up value of 0x807F. The maximum and minimum
currents are each stored as two’s complement 8-bit values with (0.4mV) / Rsense resolution. Table 10 shows the register
format.

Table 10. MaxMinCurr (1Ch) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MaxCurrent MinCurrent

MaxCurrent: Maximum Current register reading

MinCurrent: Minimum Current register reading

Temperature Measurement
The IC can be configured to measure its own internal die temperature or an external NTC thermistor.
Set Config.TSEL = 0 (default) to enable die temperature measurement. Set Config.TSEL = 1 to enable thermistor
measurement.
Thermistor conversions are initiated by periodically connecting the TH and BATT pins internally. Measurement results of
TH pin are compared to the voltage of the BATT pin and converted to a ratiometric value from 0% to 100%. The active
pullup is disabled when temperature measurements are complete. This reduces the current consumption.
The ratiometric results are converted to temperature using the temperature gain (TGain), temperature offset (TOff), and
temperature curve (Curve) register values. Internal die temperature measurements are factory calibrated and are not
affected by TGain, TOff, and Curve register settings. Refer to the User Guide 6597: MAX1726x ModelGauge m5 EZ
User Guide for more details. Additionally, the IC maintains a record of the minimum and maximum temperature measured
and an average temperature.

Temp Register (08h)

Register Type: Temperature
The Temp register provides the temperature measured by the thermistor or die temperature based on the Config register
setting.

AvgTA Register (16h)

Register Type: Temperature
The AvgTA register reports an average of the readings from the Temp register.

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MaxMinTemp Register (1Ah)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x807F
The MaxMinTemp register maintains the maximum and minimum Temp register (08h) values since the last fuel-gauge
reset or until cleared by host software. At power-up, the maximum value is set to 0x80 (most negative) and the minimum
value is set to 0x7F (most positive). Therefore, both values are changed to the Temp register reading after the first
update. Host software can reset this register by writing it to its power-up value of 0x807F. The maximum and minimum
temperatures are each stored as two’s complement 8-bit values with 1°C resolution. Table 11 shows the format of the
register.

Table 11. MaxMinTemp (1Ah) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MaxTemperature MinTemperature

MaxTemperature: Maximum Temp register reading

MinTemperature: Minimum Temp register reading

DieTemp Register (034h)

Register Type: Temperature
The DieTemp register provides the internal die temperature measurement. If Config.TSel = 0, DieTemp and Temp
registers have the value of the die temperature.

Power Register (B1h)

Instant power calculation from immediate current and voltage. The LSB is (8μV2) / Rsense.

AvgPower Register (B3h)

Filtered average power from the Power register. The LSB is (8μV2) / Rsense.

Alert Function
The Alert Threshold registers allow interrupts to be generated by detecting a high or low voltage, current, temperature,
or state-of-charge. Interrupts are generated on the ALRT pin open-drain output driver. An external pullup is required to
generate a logic-high signal. Alerts can be triggered by any of the following conditions:
• Battery removal: (VAIN > VTHRM – VDET) and battery removal detection enabled (Ber = 1).
• Battery insertion: (VAIN < VTHRM – VDET-HYS) and battery insertion detection enabled (Bei = 1).
• Over/undervoltage: VAlrtTr register threshold violation (upper or lower) and alerts enabled (Aen = 1).
• Over/undertemperature: TAlrtTr register threshold violation (upper or lower) and alerts enabled (Aen = 1).
• Over/undercurrent: IAlrtTr register threshold violation (upper or lower) and alerts enabled (Aen = 1).
• Over/under SOC: SAlrtTr register threshold violation (upper or lower) and alerts enabled (Aen = 1).
• 1% SOC change: RepSOC register bit d8 (1% bit) changed (dSOCen = 1).
To prevent false interrupts, the threshold registers should be initialized before setting the Aen bit. Alerts generated
by battery insertion or removal can only be reset by clearing the corresponding bit in the Status (00h) register. Alerts
generated by a threshold-level violation can be configured to be cleared only by software, or cleared automatically when
the threshold level is no longer violated. See the Config (1Dh) and Config2 (BBh) register descriptions for details of the
alert function configuration.

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VAlrtTh Register (01h)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0xFF00 (Disabled)
The VAlrtTh register shown in Table 12 sets upper and lower limits that generate an alert if exceeded by the VCell register
value. The upper 8 bits set the maximum value and the lower 8 bits set the minimum value. Interrupt threshold limits are
selectable with 20mV resolution over the full operating range of the VCell register.

Table 12. VAlrtTh (01h) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

VMAX VMIN

VMAX: Maximum voltage reading. An alert is generated if the VCell register reading exceeds this value.
VMIN: Minimum voltage reading. An alert is generated if the VCell register reading falls below this value.

TAlrtTh Register (02h)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x7F80 (Disabled)
The TAlrtTh register (Table 13) sets upper and lower limits that generate an alert if exceeded by the Temp register value.
The upper 8 bits set the maximum value and the lower 8 bits set the minimum value. Interrupt threshold limits are stored
in two’s-complement format with 1°C resolution over the full operating range of the Temp register.

Table 13. TAlrtTh (02h) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
TMAX TMIN

TMAX: Maximum temperature reading. An alert is generated if the Temp register reading exceeds this value.
TMIN: Minimum temperature reading. An alert is generated if the Temp register reading falls below this value.

SAlrtTh Register (03h)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0xFF00 (Disabled)
The SAlrtTh register shown (Table 14) sets upper and lower limits that generate an alert if exceeded by RepSOC. The
upper 8 bits set the maximum value and the lower 8 bits set the minimum value. Interrupt threshold limits are configurable
with 1% resolution over the full operating range of the RepSOC register.

Table 14. SAlrtTh (03h) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SMAX SMIN

SMAX: Maximum state-of-charge threshold. An alert is generated if the RepSOC register exceeds this value.
SMIN: Minimum state-of-charge threshold. An alert is generated if the RepSOC register falls below this value.

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IAlrtTh Register (B4h)

Register Type: Special
Initial Value: 0x7F80 (Disabled)
The IAlrtTh register (Table 15) sets upper and lower limits that generate an alert if exceeded by the Current register
value. The upper 8 bits set the maximum value and the lower 8 bits set the minimum value. Interrupt threshold limits are
selectable with 0.4mV/RSENSE resolution over the full operating range of the Current register.

Table 15. IAlrtTh (B4h) Format

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
IMAX IMIN

IMAX: Maximum current reading. An alert is generated if the current register reading exceeds this value.
IMIN: Maximum current reading. An alert is generated if the current register reading falls below this value.

Serial Number Feature

Each IC provides a unique serial number ID. To read this serial number, clear the AtRateEn and the DPEn
bit in the Config2 register. The 128-bit serial information overwrites the Dynamic Power and AtRate output
registers. To continue Dynamic Power and AtRate operations after reading the serial number, the host should set
Config2.AtRateEn and Config2.DPEn to 1.

Table 16. Serial Number Format

ADDRESS Config2.AtRateEn = 1 || Config2.DPEn = 1 Config2.AtRateEn = 0 && Config2.DPEn = 0
0xD4 MaxPeakPower Serial Number Word0
0xD5 SusPeakPower Serial Number Word1
0xD9 MPPCurrent Serial Number Word2
0xDA SPPCurrent Serial Number Word3
0xDC AtQResidual Serial Number Word4
0xDD AtTTE Serial Number Word5
0xDE AtAvSoc Serial Number Word6
0xDF AtAvCap Serial Number Word7

ModelGauge m5 Memory Space

Registers that relate to functionality of the ModelGauge m5 fuel gauge are located on pages 0h-4h and are
continued on pages Bh and Dh. See the ModelGauge m5 EZ Algorithm section for details of specific register
operation. Register locations marked reserved should not be written to.

Table 17. ModelGauge m5 Register Memory Map

PAGE/
00h 10h 20h 30h 40h B0h D0h
WORD
0h Status FullCapRep TTF Reserved Reserved Status2 RSense /

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Table 17. ModelGauge m5 Register Memory Map (continued)

PAGE/
00h 10h 20h 30h 40h B0h D0h
WORD
UserMem3
1h VAlrtTh TTE DevName Reserved Reserved Power ScOcvLim
ID /
2h TAlrtTh QRTable00 QRTable10 QRTable20 QRTable30 VGain
UserMem2
3h SAlrtTh FullSocThr FullCapNom Reserved RGain AvgPower SOCHold
4h AtRate RCell Reserved DieTemp Reserved IAlrtTh MaxPeakPower
5h RepCap Reserved Reserved FullCap dQAcc TTFCfg SusPeakPower
6h RepSOC AvgTA Reserved Reserved dPAcc CVMixCap PackResistance
7h Age Cycles AIN Reserved Reserved CVHalfTime SysResistance
8h Temp DesignCap LearnCfg RComp0 Reserved CGTempCo MinSysVoltage
9h VCell AvgVCell FilterCfg TempCo ConvgCfg Curve MPPCurrent
Ah Current MaxMinTemp RelaxCfg VEmpty VFRemCap HibCfg SPPCurrent
Bh AvgCurrent MaxMinVolt MiscCfg Reserved Reserved Config2 ModelCfg
Ch QResidual MaxMinCurr TGain Reserved Reserved VRipple AtQResidual
Dh MixSOC Config TOff FStat QH RippleCfg AtTTE
Eh AvSOC IChgTerm CGain Timer Reserved TimerH AtAvSOC
Fh MixCap AvCap COff ShdnTimer Reserved Reserved AtAvCap

Layout Guidelines
Proper circuit layouts for low-side current measurement as shown in Figure 3 or high-side current measurement as
shown in Figure 4 is essential for voltage, temperature, and current-measurement accuracy. The recommended layout
guidelines are as follows:
● CSN and GND traces should make Kelvin connections to the sense resistor. Current is measured differentially through
the CSN and GND pins. Any shared high current paths on these traces affect current measurement accuracy.
● For TDFN package designs, connect EP directly to the GND pin.
● REG capacitor trace loop area should be minimized. REG should be connected to the GND pin as close as possible
to the IC. Run only a single GND trace to the sense resistor. This helps filter any noise from the internal regulated
supply.
● All other ground connections should be kept separate from the current sensing traces.
• The Kelvin lines should not be shared with other circuits.
• Vias on the Kelvin traces are not recommended.
● There are no limitations on any other IC connection. Other IC pins, as well as any external components mounted to
these pins, have no special layout requirements.

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SYSPWR Pack +

Pack + SYSPWR

TH 1 14 SCL

SDA BATT TH NC 2 13 SDA

CBATT
CSPH ALRT SCL NC 3 12 ALRT

GND REG CSN NC 4 MAX17260 11 REG

MAX17260
CBATT
NC 5 10 CSPH
CREG

BATT 6 9 CSPL
CREG
EP
CSN 7 8 GND

Pack - Rsense SYSGND

SYSGND Rsense Pack -

Figure 3. MAX17260 Low-Side Current Measurement Layout Guide

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SYSPWR Rsense Pack +

Pack + Rsense SYSPWR

GND 8 7 CSN
EP

CREG
CSPL 9 6 BATT

CREG

MAX17260 CSPH 10 5 NC

CSN REG GND

CBATT
REG 11 4 NC
MAX17260
SCL ALRT CSPH

ALRT 12 3 NC

TH BATT SDA

SDA 13 2 NC

SCL 14 1 TH

CBATT

Pack - SYSGND SYSGND Pack -

Figure 4. MAX17260 High-Side Current Measurement Layout Guide

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MAX17260 5.1μA 1-Cell Fuel Gauge with ModelGauge m5 EZ
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Typical Application Circuits

Figure 5 shows a typical operating circuit for low-side current sensing. A sense resistor is typically used. Alternatively, a PCB trace can
be used for high-current or small-form-factor applications. For better measurement, place the sensing element as close as possible
to the CSN and GND pins. The IC automatically compensates for the effect of environmental temperature and trace heating on trace
resistance.

Figure 6 shows the typical application circuit for high-side current measurement. In this configuration, tie the CSN pin to the battery
pack positive terminal. Connect a desired sense resistor or PCB trace across CSN and CSPH.

PACK+ SYSPWR SYSPWR

BATT BATT
0.1µF 0.1µF
REG REG
0.47µF 0.47µF

ALRT ALRT
PROTECTION SDA PROTECTION SDA
CIRCUIT SCL CIRCUIT SCL

THRM
MAX17260 MAX17260
TH TH

CSPL(TDFN) CSPL(TDFN)
GND EP (TDFN) CSN GND EP (TDFN) CSN

10kΩ
NTC

PACK- 10mΩ RSENSE or SYSGND 10mΩ RSENSE or SYSGND

BATTERY SYSTEM 2mΩ PCB Trace CAPTIVE BATTERY SYSTEM 2mΩ PCB Trace

Figure 5. Low-Side Current Measurement Typical Applications Circuit

10mΩ RSENSE or 10mΩ RSENSE or

PACK+ 2mΩ PCB trace SYSPWR 2mΩ PCB trace SYSPWR

CSN CSPH CSN CSPH

BATT BATT
0.1µF 0.1µF
REG REG
0.47µF 0.47µF

ALRT ALRT
PROTECTION SDA PROTECTION SDA
CIRCUIT SCL CIRCUIT SCL

THRM
MAX17260 MAX17260
TH TH

CSPL(TDFN) CSPL(TDFN)
GND EP (TDFN) GND EP (TDFN)

10kΩ
NTC

PACK- SYSGND SYSGND

BATTERY SYSTEM CAPTIVE BATTERY SYSTEM

Figure 6. High-Side Current Measurement Typical Applications Circuit

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Ordering Information
PART NUMBER TEMP RANGE DESCRIPTION SLAVE ADDRESS PIN-PACKAGE
MAX17260SEWL+ -40°C to +85°C Single Cell, External Hi/Lo-Side Sensing 0x6C 9-WLP
MAX17260SEWL+T -40°C to +85°C Single Cell, External Hi/Lo-Side Sensing 0x6C 9-WLP
MAX17260SETD+ -40°C to +85°C Single Cell, External Hi/Lo-Side Sensing 0x6C 14-TDFN-EP*
MAX17260SETD+T -40°C to +85°C Single Cell, External Hi/Lo-Side Sensing 0x6C 14-TDFN-EP*
MAX17260BEWL+ -40°C to +85°C Single Cell, External Hi/Lo-Side Sensing 0x1A 9-WLP
MAX17260BEWL+T -40°C to +85°C Single Cell, External Hi/Lo-Side Sensing 0x1A 9-WLP
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
T = Tape and reel.
*EP = Exposed pad.

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Revision History
REVISION REVISION PAGES
DESCRIPTION
NUMBER DATE CHANGED
0 4/18 Initial release —
Updated Electrical Characteristics table, updated Table 6 DPEn register, removed
1 6/18 8, 18, 31
future product designation from Ordering Information table

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent
licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max
limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.

Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. © 2018 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.