VERBAL MATHS BY ABHAS SAINI

Mensuration Nichod
https://www.youtube.com/c/VerbalMathByAbhasSaini https://t.me/Verbalmath_Abhas

Index
Mensuration Nichod
Serial No Content Page No
3D Mensuration
1 3D Object 1
1. Prism
1.1 Cube
1.1.1. Shortest Distance Concept in Cube
1.1.2. Cutting of Cube
1.1.3. Packaging in Cube
1.2. Cuboid
1.3. Cylinder
2 Pyramid 5
2.1. Cone
3 Sphere 6
3.1. Cutting of Sphere symmetrically from Centre
3.2. Spherical Cap
3.3. Hollow Sphere (Shell)
3.4. Hemisphere
3.5. Hollow Hemisphere
4 Frustum 7
4.1. Frustum of Cone
5 Tetrahedron 8
6 Rotation of 3D object 9
6.1. Rotation of Right angle triangle along Base
6.2. Rotation of Right angle triangle along Height
6.3. Rotation of Right angle triangle along Hypotenuse
6.4. Rotation of sector to form Cone
7 Embankment 10
8 Some Important Results 11
8.1. Maximum Cone inside Cylinder
8.2. Maximum Cylinder inside Cube
8.3. Maximum Sphere inside Cylinder
8.4. Maximum Sphere inside Cube
8.5. Maximum Cube inside Cone
8.6. Maximum Cube inside Sphere
8.7. Maximum Cube inside Sphere
8.8 Maximum Cylinder
Cylind inside Sphere
8.9. Maximum Cylinder inside Cone
8.10. Maximum Cone in Sphere

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 VERBAL MATHS BY ABHAS SAINI
Mensuration Nichod
https://www.youtube.com/c/VerbalMathByAbhasSaini https://t.me/Verbalmath_Abhas

2D Mensuration
9 Carpet theorem 14
10 Routh theorem 14
11 Rectangle 15
 Path inside Rectangular Field
 Path Outside Rectangular Field
 Path midway of rectangular field
12 Square 16
 Octagon Inside Square
13 Hexagon 17
14 Some Important Results 17

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 3D
Object formed by x-y-zz axis or 33-dimensions
dimensions called as 3D object.

Euler’s Formula for 3D object

E=V+F-2

E = Edges
V = Vertices
F = Faces

1. PRISM

A 3D shape with Base side and top side of similar shape and
dimensions.

Generalised formula:
Volume = Area of Base X Height
Lateral Surface Area = Base Perimeter X Height
Total Surface Area = Lateral Surface Are
Area + 2 (Area of Base)

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 1.1 Cube

Area of each Face = a 2

Total Surface Area = 6a 2
Face Diagonal = a 2
Body Diagonal = a 3
Volume = a 3

1.1.1. Shortest Distance

tance Concept in Cube:

1. An ant is at a corner
rner
of a cubical room of
side x. Starts crawling
from point A to G..
find the shortest
distance between
point A to G.

x2   2 x   5x
2
Shortest Distance =

2. An ant is at a corner
of a cubical room of
side x. Starts
crawling from point
A to E. find the
shortest distance
between point A to E

x 2   4 x   17 x
2
Shortest Distance =

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 1.1.2. Cutting of Cube:
1. Cutting Cube horizontally or vertically parallel to one of
the side, then One Cut adds two new surface areas.

1 cut increses area by 2a 2

2. Cutting cube at corner adds 2 new

Triangular Surfaces area.
area (forms
Pyramid)

1.1.3. Packaging in Cube:

1 sphere in a Cube 2 equal spheres in a cube

a  2r

Shortest distance from vertex

a  3 1
of cube to sphere =
2

3a  2r 1  3 

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 1.2 Cuboid

Total Surface Area = 2  LB  BH  LH 

Face Diagonal = L2  B 2 or L2  H 2
Body Diagonal = L2  B 2  H 2
Volume = L x B x H

Area of Four wall of room  2  L  B  x H

1.3 Cylinder

Total Surface Area = 2 r  r  h 

Curved Surface Area = 2 rh
Volume =  r 2 h

Hollow Cylinder

Total Surface Area = 2  R  r  h  R  r 

Curved Surface Area = 2 h  R  r 
Volume =   R 2  r 2  h

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 2.Pyramid

A 3D shape with Base of polygon and

apex or vertex at top.

Generalised formula:
1
Volume = X Area of Base X Height
3
1
Lateral Surface Area = X Base Perimeter X Height
2
Total Surface Area = Lateral Surface Are
Area + Area of Base

2.1 Cone

Length  l  r 2  h 2
Curved Surface Area =  rl
Total Surface Area =  r  r  l 
1 2
Volume = r h
3

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 3.Sphere

Total Surface Area = 4 r 2

4 3
Volume = r
3

3.1 Cutting of Sphere symmetrically from Centre

Centre:
1 cut increases area by 2 r 2
N cuts increases area by 2 r 2 N

Total Surface Area  4 r 2  2 r 2  6 r 2

3.2 Spherical Cap

Total Surface Area = 2 Rh

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 3.3 Hollow Sphere (Also called as shell)

Outer Surface Area = 4 r 2

4
Volume of material =   R3  r 3 
3

3.4 Hemisphere

Total Surface Area = 3 r 2

Curved Surface Area = 2 r 2
2
Volume of material =  r 3
3

3.5 Hollow Hemisphere (Also called as Hemisphere Shell)

Total Surface Area = 3 R 2   r 2

2
Volume of material =   R3  r 3 
3

4.Frustum

Cutting any type of pyramid parallel to base forms Frustum.

The Base side and top side of Frustum is of similar shape but
different dimensions.

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 4.1 Frustum of Cone

L2  h 2   R  r 
2

Total Surface Area =  L  R  r     R 2  r 2 

Curved Surface Area =  L  R  r 
1
Volume of material =  h  R 2  r 2  R.r 
3

5. Tetrahedron

A regular pyramid with base

equilateral triangle and apex
or vertex at top. Object
formed by 4 Equilateral
triangles.

2
h a
3
3
Slant height = a
2
 3 2
Total Surface Area = 4  a 
 4 
a3 2
Volume of material =
12

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 6.Rotation of 3D object

6.1 Rotation of Right angle triangle along Base:

Radius of Cone  HEIGHT OF TRIANGLE

Height of Cone  BASE OF TRIANGLE

6.2 Rotation of Right angle triangle along Height:

Radius of Cone  BASE OF TRIANGLE

Height of Cone  HEIGHT OF TRIANGLE

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 6.3 Rotation of Right angle triangle along Hypotenuse:

ac
r
b
1 a 2c 2 1 2
Volume     r  h1  h2 
3 b 3

6.4 Rotation of Sector to form Cone:

Slant Height of Cone = Radius of Sector

Curved Surface Area = Area of Sector

R= r
360

7. Embankment

r 2 H  h  R2  r 2 

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 8.Some Important Results

8.1 Maximum Cone inside Cylinder

Volume of cylinder 3

Volume of Cone 1

8.2 Maximum Cylinder inside Cube

Volume of Cube 14

Volume of Cylinder 11

8.3Maximum
Maximum Sphere inside Cylinder

Volume of cylinder 3

Volume of Sphere 2

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 8.4Maximum
Maximum Sphere inside Cube

Volume of cube 21

Volume of Sphere 11

8.5Maximum
Maximum Cube inside Cone

2rh
a
2r  h

8.6Maximum
Maximum Cube inside Hemisphere

2
a r
3

8.7Maximum
Maximum Cube inside Sphere

Volume of Sphere 11 3

Volume of Cube 7

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 8.8Maximum Cylinder inside Sphere

Volume of Cylinder 1

Volume of Sphere 3

8.9Maximum Cylinder inside Cone

Volume of Cylinder 4

Volume of Cone 9

8.10Maximum Cone in Sphere

Volume of Cone 8

Volume of Sphere 27

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 2D
1. Carpet theorem
If two carpets of equal area overlap, then, the overlap
aside, their remaining parts have equal areas

2. Routh Theorem

 xyz  1
2

PQR

ABS  xy  y  1 yz  z  1 zx  x  1

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 3. Rectangle

Area  L  B
Perimeter  2  L  B 
Diagonal  L2  B 2

Path inside Rectangular Field

Area of path  2d  l  b  2d 
Perimeter of path  4  l  b  2d 

Path outside
side Rectangular Field

Area of path  2d  l  b  2d 
Perimeter of path  4  l  b  2d 

Path midway of rectangular field

Area of path  d  l  b  2d 
Perimeter of path  2  l  b  2d 

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 4. Square

Area  a 2
Perimeter  4a
Diagonal  a 2
a
Incircle Radius 
2
a
Circumradius 
2

Area of path inside square  4 d  x  d 

Area of pathoutside square  4 d  x  d 
Area of pathmidway square  d  2 x  d 

Octagon inside Square

xa  2 1 

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 5. Hexagon
Formed by 6 regular equilateral triangles.
3 2 3 3 2
Area  6  a  a
4 2
Perimeter  6a
3
Incircle Radius  a
2
Circum Radius  a
Distance Between Two Parallel Lines  3a

6. Some Standard Results

Hexagon with irregular sides inscribed in circle.

ab
r  a 2  b2 
3

r
3
4

R 2 3 

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 Area of A=Area of B

a 2   2 
Area of shaded region =
4

4 2
Area of shaded region = a
7

3 2
Area of shaded region = R
7

 
Area of shaded region =   3  1  r 2
3 

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  3 2
Area of shaded region =    r
3 4 

 3 2
Area of shaded region = 2    r
6 4 

 3 2  2
Area of shaded region =  r  r 
 4 12 

Area of shaded region =

r2
12

12  2  3 3 

4x2
Area of shaded region =
7

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 BD A C
Area of Trapezium  A C

Total Area
Area of shaded region S1 =
2

Area of shaded region S = S1  S 2

A BC  D  X
PQ  R S
Total Area
X
5

3 2  x2 
Area of shaded region = x   
4  12 

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  11 
Area of shaded region = x 2  3  
 7

1
Maximum Area of Rectangle inside triangle= Area of Traingle
2

X  AR  QC 
X
 AS  PC 
 AS    PC 
2 2

X
 AB  BC  AC 
 AB    BC    AB  BC 
2 2

X  AP  RC 
X
 AQ  QC 
 AQ    QC 
2 2

X
 AB  BC 
AB  BC

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