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CH1 - Introduction To Data and Information

The document discusses data, information, and information management. It defines data as raw unprocessed facts, while information is processed data that reveals the meaning or significance of data. Structured data is organized into databases for easy processing, while unstructured data has no predefined format. Effective information management is important for organizations to reduce costs, make better decisions, and avoid legal and regulatory issues by properly handling data throughout its lifecycle.

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Chester Ford
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109 views32 pages

CH1 - Introduction To Data and Information

The document discusses data, information, and information management. It defines data as raw unprocessed facts, while information is processed data that reveals the meaning or significance of data. Structured data is organized into databases for easy processing, while unstructured data has no predefined format. Effective information management is important for organizations to reduce costs, make better decisions, and avoid legal and regulatory issues by properly handling data throughout its lifecycle.

Uploaded by

Chester Ford
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

DATA AND INFORMATION

MUHAIMIN P. MACAPUNDAG
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Data
 Described to be the raw facts (facts have not yet been
processed)
 Generally the inputs of the system
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Utilizing the right data will allow companies to:


 Reduce operational costs.
 Track current metrics and create new ones.
 Understand its customers on a far deeper level.
 Unveil smarter and more targeted marketing campaigns.
 Find new product opportunities and offerings.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Information
 Processed data (with meaning)
 Generally the outputs derived from a process
Types of Information
 Internal Information – specific operational aspects of the
organization (ex. sales)
 External information – environment surrounding the
organization (ex. feedbacks, customer information)
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Data vs. Information


 Data constitute the building blocks of information
 Information is produced by processing data
 Information is used to reveal the meaning of data
 Clearly, timely and useful information requires accurate data
 The data environment must be managed carefully
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Data management
 Discipline that focuses on proper generation, storage, and
retrieval of data.
 Efficient data management requires the use of a computer
database.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Transformation of Data to Information Using a Data


Process
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Structured and Unstructured Data


 The first thing to understand is that not all data is created equal.
 This means the data generated from social media apps are
completely different from the data generated by point-of-sales or
supply chain systems.
 Some data is structured, but most is unstructured.
 The way this data is collected, processed, and analyzed all
depends on its format.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

What is the difference between structured and


unstructured data?
 Structured data is highly-organized and formatted in a way so
it's easily searchable in relational databases.
 Unstructured data has no pre-defined format or organization,
making it much more difficult to collect, process, and analyze.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

What is unstructured data?


 Information that do not reside in a traditional row-column
database.
 More like a human language and subjective.
 Examples include emails, documents (Word docs, PDFs), social
media posts, videos, audio, and images.
 Covers 80-90% of business-relevant information.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Problems with Unstructured Data


 UD creates challenges from a security and compliance standpoint.
 Lacking visibility into stored data can be exposed to security risks.
 Proper data management can provide an audit trail.
 With proper visibility and security policies, risks can be mitigated.
 Unstructured data has no set way for a computer to interact with it.
 Cannot be easily mapped by a computer into pre-defined fields.
 Employees’ personal data are not adding value to the business.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Human-Generated Unstructured Data


 Text files: Word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, email, logs.
 Email: Gmail, Outlook, YahooMail;.
 Social Media: Data from Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn.
 Website: YouTube, Instagram, photo sharing sites.
 Mobile data: Text messages, locations.
 Communications: Chat, IM, phone recordings, collaboration software.
 Media: MP3, digital photos, audio and video files.
 Business applications: MS Office documents, productivity applications.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Machine-Generated Unstructured Data


 Satellite imagery: Weather data, land forms, military
movements.
 Scientific data: Space exploration, seismic imagery, atmospheric
data.
 Digital surveillance: Surveillance photos and video.
 Sensor data: Traffic, weather, oceanographic sensors.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

What is Structured Data?


 Structured data refers to information with a high degree of
organization.
 Structured data is easily organized and generally stored in databases.
 Seamless and readily searchable by simple, straightforward search
engine algorithms or other search operations.
 It consists of numerical information and is objective (no
interpretation).
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

What is Structured Data? (cont.)


 It is represented by information, displayed in titled columns and rows,
which can easily be ordered and processed by data mining tools.
 Written in a format easy for machines to understand.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Characteristics of Structured Data


 Arranged in an organized, defined way.
 Easier for a computer to interact and process.
 Structured data is easy to work with
 An epitome of structured data is the database.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

The Future of Data


 The volume of big data is continuing to rise, but soon, the
importance of having large volumes will cease to exist.
 Regardless if data is structured or unstructured, having the most
accurate and relevant data at hand will be key for companies
looking to gain an advantage.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

The Future of Data


Utilizing the right data will allow companies to:
 Reduce operational costs.
 Track current metrics and create new ones.
 Understand its customers on a far deeper level.
 Unveil smarter and more targeted marketing campaigns.
 Find new product opportunities and offerings.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Process Digitization
 Automating business process that used to be done manually is no
longer effective for doing good business and use as a
differentiator for competitiveness.
 Digitization is the new trend that changes a process from manual
to digital form.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Process Digitization
 It uses CAMSS - Cloud, Analytics, Mobile, Social and Security
which helps in decision management ,connecting the Internet of
Things (IoT) and SMART machines to work in conjunction with
HUMANS to advance automation beyond standardization.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Process Digitization
 They should consider cutting the number of steps required,
reducing the number of documents, developing automated
decision making, and dealing with regulatory and fraud issues.
 Operating models
 Organizational structures
 Data models
 Digitizing in a prioritized and strategic way
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Impact of Digitization
 Global Process Standardization
 Reduced Process Cycle Time
 Improved Process Visibility/Tracking
 Implementation of Process Controls
 Elimination of Paper Forms
 Improved Workflow Productivity
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Information Management
 The organizational structure must be capable of managing this
information throughout the information lifecycle regardless of
source or format (data, paper documents, electronic documents,
audio, video, and others).
 Management means the organization of and control over the
structure, processing and delivery of information.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Information Management (cont.)


 Information management (IM) is the collection and management
of information from one or more sources and the distribution of
that information to one or more audiences.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Information Management (cont.)


 It is simply the act of controlling and making decisions about a
business, organization, department and others. In particular,
 Management of information resources.
 Design of information technology components.
 Analysis of information processing procedures.
 Deriving knowledge from the information corpus.
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Why Information Management is Important?


Without successful management of information, it is almost
guaranteed that an organization will fail. Reasons are describe in
three categories:
 Managing your information saves you money
 Managing your information makes you money
 Managing your information keeps you out of trouble
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Components of Information Management


INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Information management requires the adoption and


adherence to guiding principles that include:
 Information assets are corporate assets
 Information must be made available and shared
 Information the organization needs to keep is managed and retained
corporately
 Information management is a corporate responsibility that needs to
be addressed and followed from the upper most senior levels of
management to the front line worker
INTRODUCTION TO DATA AND INFORMATION

Information Management Life Cycle

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