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Lesson 8 Orthographic Projections

Orthographic projections is a technical drawing technique where different views of an object are projected onto planes perpendicular to the views. The document discusses orthographic projections, including front, top and side views, first and third angle projections, using miter lines and projection lines, and understanding complex shapes through primitives and boolean operations.

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Glenn Parinas
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34 views

Lesson 8 Orthographic Projections

Orthographic projections is a technical drawing technique where different views of an object are projected onto planes perpendicular to the views. The document discusses orthographic projections, including front, top and side views, first and third angle projections, using miter lines and projection lines, and understanding complex shapes through primitives and boolean operations.

Uploaded by

Glenn Parinas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Orthographic Projections

❑ Orthographic Projections is a technical drawing in which different views of an


object are projected on different reference planes observing perpendicular to
respective reference plane.
❑ Different Reference planes are; TV

• Horizontal Plane (HP)


• Vertical Plane (VP) HP
• Side or Profile Plane (PP)
❑ Different views are;
• Front View (FV) –Projected on VP VP PP
• Top View (TV) –Projected on HP FV SV
• Side View (SV) –Projected on PP
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Pros Cons
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Difference between First Angle Projection and Third Angle Projection :
No. First Angle Projection Third Angle Projection
1 The object is placed in the first quadrant. The object is placed in the third quadrant.
The object is placed between the plane of The plane of projection is placed between the
2
projection and observer. object and observer.
3 The plane of projection is opaque. The plane of projection is transparent.

4 Front view is at the top of the horizontal axis. Front view at the bottom of the horizontal axis.

5 Top view at the bottom of the horizontal axis. Top view at the top of horizontal axis.

6 Right view is at the left side of vertical axis. Right view is at the right side of vertical axis.

7 Left view is at the right side of vertical axis. Left view is at the left side of vertical axis.

8 It is widely used in Europe, India, Canada. It is widely used in United State and Australia.
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The Miter Line and Projection Lines
• The use of a 45° miter line and Projection Lines provide a quick, accurate method of
drawing the other views once one view is completed. Sometimes you will need to
work on separate views and project lines to each other to fully complete any view.
• Newbie drafters will sometimes try to avoid using the miter line, but as the drawings
become more difficult their work will slow down and the accuracy will diminish.
• Once the miter line technique is mastered your speed and accuracy will increase
significantly.
• Note: When drawing circles always draw the view with the circle on it first (top view
on drawing below) then project the lines to the other views.
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The Miter Line and Projection Lines
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Views must lineup!
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Hints on understanding shapes


• Try to “see” the way a solid is created out of primitives
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Hints on understanding shapes


• Complex shapes could be generated using Boolean operations
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Hints on understanding shapes


• Pay attention to edges
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Exercise – 6
Draw the different views (front
view, side view and top view) of
the following object on A4
paper using the given
dimensions. You can use scale
to fit them in the drawing sheet
and show the projection lines
(miter). Add the dimensions,
scale and title block with
border.
Note: Dimension are in cm.

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