RIZAL’S EXILE,

TRIAL AND
EXECUTION
RIZAL’S LIFE BEFORE HIS EXILE TO DAPITAN

Dimasalang was the pen name used by Rizal when he joined Freemasonry.

• On his first homecoming, he stayed in the Philippines for only six

months.

Rizal had to leave the Philippines because he had already been a marked man
for the friars.

• He was forced to leave the Philippines for the second time.

After he left the Philippines, he went to Hong Kong, Japan, USA,

en route to Europe for the second time.
RIZAL’S LIFE BEFORE HIS EXILE TO DAPITAN

• After publishing his sequel to the Noli, and that is the El Filibusterismo, Rizal
left Europe for Hong Kong.

• Before proceeding to Hong Kong, Rizal took time to inform Marcelo H. del
Pilar of his retirement from the reform movement to preserve the unity of
his fellow Filipinos in Spain.

• In Hong Kong, Rizal was planning of his Borneo Colonization Project, and laid
down the basis of the La Liga Filipina or the Philippine League, which he
would establish in the Philippines upon his return.

• He drafted the constitution of the La Liga Filipina, with the assistance of Jose Ma. Basa.

• His decision to return to the country was opposed by his parents and friends
because of their fear of the negative consequence it can bring about for Rizal.
RIZAL’S LIFE BEFORE HIS EXILE TO DAPITAN
 Despite the advices given to him, Rizal was determined to be back in the Philippines.
Before leaving Hong Kong, he celebrated his 31st birthday with some of his friends and
wrote two letters.
 His first letter was addressed to his family, and the second, to his countrymen, with the
instruction that these letters should be opened and published after his death.

Rizal and his sister Lucia arrived in Manila on June 26, 1892. After going through
the routine inspection of their luggage, the two were allowed to land.

 July 3, 1892 - Rizal founded the La Liga Filipina in the home of Doroteo
Ongjunco.

Elected president was Ambrosio Salvador. The other officers were:

Agustin dela Rosa, fiscal; Bonifacio Arevalo, treasurer; and Deodato
Arellano, secretary.
RIZAL’S LIFE BEFORE HIS EXILE TO DAPITAN

Three days after the founding of the La Liga Filipina, Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol
ordered the arrest and incarceration of Rizal at Fort Santiago.

July 7, 1892 - Gov. Gen Despujol released his gubernatorial decree of 1892 ordering
the deportation of Rizal to Dapitan.

His deportation was based on the following charges against him (Capino et al, 1878):

 Publication and introduction of various anti-monastic books and handbills;

 Travelling through different provinces without permit from the Governor-General;
 Finding in his luggage the pamphlets Pobres Frailes or Poor Friars which mocked the
religious orders;
 Dedication of the El Filibusterismo to the memory of Gomburza; and
 Rizal’s attempts at de-Catholicizing and denationalizing the Filipino people.
RIZAL’S LIFE BEFORE HIS EXILE TO DAPITAN

Without due process, Despujol rendered his verdict on Rizal.

• Rizal was detained in Fort Santiago for 9 days.

 July 15, 1892 - he left Manila for Dapitan, where he would be spending the
next four years of his life.

 With his deportation to Dapitan, the Liga died its natural death.

 It splits into two branches: the rightist, which came to be called Cuerpo de
Compromisarios; and the leftists, which later on came to be known as the
Katipunan or KKK (Agoncillo, 1990).
• Rizal had died but he lives in the hearts of the people, as a martyr
to Filipino freedom (Capino et al. 1977). His leadership – being
direct, enlightened, liberal, democratic, progressive,
compassionate and peaceful – was the crowning glory of his
service to the Filipino people. This kind of leadership that he
manifested can be gleaned from his writings and personal
examples. Here lies his excellence as an individual, a man with a
purpose and conscience.
THANK
YOU