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 Solution Key to Second Round of IMAS 2019/2020
Middle Primary Division

Questions 1 to 5, 4 marks each

1. Divide the number 10 into the sum of three distinct positive integers. How many
different ways are there altogether? (Note: if the arrangement of same three
positive integers are in different order, they are regarded as the same).
（A）1 （B）2 （C）3 （D）4 （E）5
【Suggested Solution】
Since 10  1  2  7  1  3  6  1  4  5  2  3  5 , there are four different ways of
express number 10. Therefore, choose D.
Answer：（D）
2. In a volleyball tournament, each game adopts the best three sets out of five sets
game, in which each team has 0, 1, 2, or 3 possible sets of winning. The
distribution chart shows a number of sets that a team can win as follows.

What is the median of the number of sets won by the team in the tournament?
(Note: The median of a group of data is the middle datum when the data are
arranged in ascending order of magnitude.)
（A）1 （B）1.5 （C）2 （D）2.5 （E）3
【Suggested Solution】
The distribution chart shows that the team played a total of 1  2  4  8  15 games,
when ranking the winning of each game based on the number of sets from lowest to
highest, the 8th position becomes the median. Since there are 0, 1, and 2 games of
winning, we conclude the median is 3. Therefore, the answer is option E.
Answer：（E）
3. In the following addition expression, the same symbol represents the same
number, and different symbols represent different numbers. It is known the
leftmost digit in both the addend and the sum is nonzero. What is the value of
△  □  ○?
 ○ 8 ○
＋ △ □ ○
△ □ ○ 8
（A）10 （B）11 （C）12 （D）13 （E）14
【Suggested Solution】
We know that the sum of the addends in the ones place is 8, then ○ is equal to 4 or 9.
Since the sum of the addends in the hundreds place is at most 9  8  17 , so that the
number in the thousands place is 1, then  = 1. It follows ○ is equal to 8 or 9.
In summary, we have ○ equals 9 and the addend is 989, so the addition sentence
becomes:
9 8 9
＋ 1 □ 9
1 □ 9 8
Now, it can be determined the addends in the tens place □ is 0. This implies that the
sum in the hundreds place is 0. Hence, the addition sentence is as follows
9 8 9
＋ 1 0 9
1 0 9 8
Therefore, △  □  ○  1  0  9  10 . So we select option A as the answer.
Answer：（A）
4. Allan and Benny are computing the sum of a three-digit number and a two-digit
number. The computation of Allan is correct with an answer of 136, while Benny
is not doing it correctly because of a misalignment of digits in the vertical format
mistakenly adding the tens digit of three-digit number with the units digit of the
two-digit number and obtaining the tens digit in the sum. This is followed by
adding the hundreds digit of the three-digit number and the tens digit of the
two-digit number to get the hundreds digit in the sum with the final answer
becoming 244. What is the difference between the three-digit number and the
two-digit number?
（A）106 （B）108 （C）110 （D）112 （E）114
【Suggested Solution 1】
From the result computed by Benny, the units digit in the three-digit number 244
must be 4, then from the correct answer 136, it can be seen that the units digit of the
two-digit number is 6  4  2 . So that from the value in the tens digit computed by
Benny is 4, we know the tens digit of the three-digit number is 4  2  2 . And from
the correct sum, the tens digit of 136 gives the units digit of the two digits has to be
3  2  1, this implies the two-digit number is 12, so the three-digit number is
136  12  124 , then the difference between the three-digit number and the two-digit
number in the original additional sentence is 124  12  112 . Therefore, the answer is
option D.
【Suggested Solution 2】
When Benny was doing the addition sentence in the vertical form, he mistakenly
aligned the tens digit of that two-digit number in the position of the hundreds place,
so the two-digit number becomes 10 times that of the original. The sum of his
computations increased by 9 times as the original two-digit number. Then, the
two-digit number must be (244  136)  9  12 , and so the three-digit number is
136  12  124 . Therefore, the difference between the three-digit number and the
two-digit number in the original additional sentence is 124  12  112 . Hence, we
select option D.
Answer：（D）
5. As shown in the figure, both quadrilateral ABCD and quadrilateral BEFG are
squares, and AE  28 cm, AH  16 cm. What is the perimeter, in cm, of the
rectangle CDHG?
A B E

D C
H G F

（A）20 （B）24 （C）32 （D）48 （E）64

【Suggested Solution】
From the given figure, it can be seen that the quadrilateral AEFH is a rectangle.
But HG  HF  GF  AE  EF  AE  AH  28  16  12 cm,
DH  AH  AD  AH  AB  AH  HG  16  12  4 cm,
Then the perimeter of rectangle CDHG is 2  (12  4)  32 cm.
Hence, the answer is option C.
Answer：（C）

Questions 6 to 13, 5 marks each

6. There are 45 students in the class sitting in a row. The position of the student A is
28th from left, and the position of student B is 35th from right. How many
students are there between student A and student B?
【Suggested Solution #1】
Since there are 45 students in the class, and B's position is 35th from right to left, this,
means that there are 10 students are behind him. So, when counting from left to right,
B is in 10  1  11 (th) position. Therefore, there are a total of 28  11  1  16
students are in between A and B.
B A

… …
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 乙
… 26 27 28 乙
… 43 44 45
乙 乙
【Suggested Solution #2】
Because the class has a total of 45 students, and B's position is the 35th from right to
left, that is; there are 10 students from right to left that are behind him. So, if
counting from left to right, B's position is located in the 10  1  11th. On the other
hand, A's position is the 28th from the left to right, so there are 17 students from left to
right that are behind him. Hence, there are a total of 45  17  10  1  1  16 students
between A and B.
45 students
B A

… …
乙 乙
10 students 17 students
Answer: 16 students
7. There are 14 rows of seats in a semi-circular auditorium. In a certain performance,
18 spectators are seated at the first row, and, starting from the second row, each
row has three more spectators than the previous one. How many spectators are
there in the auditorium during the performance?

【Suggested Solution 1】
It can be seen from the first row of the auditorium, the number of spectators in each
row is 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, then the total number of
spectators in the auditorium is
18  21  24  27  30  33  36  39  42  45  48  51  54  57  525 spectators.
【Suggested Solution 2】
Since there are 18 spectators sited in the first row at the auditorium and starting from
the second row there are 3 more spectators sitting in each row than in the previous,
then it is an arithmetic sequence with a common difference of 3, so the number of
spectators in the 14th row is 18  3  13  57 spectators. It follows the total number of
(18  57)  14
spectators in the auditorium is  75  7  525 spectators.
2
Answer: 525 spectators
8. What is the value of (1 2  3 11)  (22  24  25  27) ? (if the answer is a
fraction, express the answer with simplest form)
【Suggested Solution】
1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  1 0 1 1
( 1 2 3    1 1 )  ( 2 2 2 4 2 5 2 7 )
2  1 1 3 8 5 5 3 9
 4  2  7  2  112.
Answer: 112
9. In a certain examination, Lily’s average score in the three subjects - Foreign
Language, Mathematics and Nature Science - was 90 points while the English
examination still needs to be scheduled to a further date. How many points must
Lily need to have in English to make the average score of the four subjects to be
92 points?
【Suggested Solution 1】
According to the given information, the total scores of the three subjects (Foreign
Language, Mathematics and Natural Science) is 90  3  270 points. Since the
average of four subjects is 92 points, then the total scores of the four subjects is
92  4  368 points. Hence, Lily must obtain a score of 368  270  98 points in
English.
【Suggested Solution 2】
If the average of four subjects is 92 points, then Lily must achieve more than 92
points in English, so that she can have extra points to make up for the shortcomings
in the other three subjects (Foreign Language, Mathematics and Natural Science),
because the average of three subject is only 90 points. Therefore, these three subjects
need a total of (92  90)  3  6 points to make up, that is, Lily’s English score must
have 92  6  98 points.
Answer: 98 points
10. As shown in the figure, place five congruent small rectangles inside a large
square such that each side of all the rectangles is parallel to one of the sides of
the square. If the side length of the given large square is 48 cm, what is the area,
in cm2, of a small rectangle?

【Suggested Solution 1】
From vertical view, it can be seen that the side length of the large square is the sum of
twice the length and twice the width of the small rectangle.
From horizontal view, it can be seen that the side length of the large square is the sum
of three times the width and a length of the small rectangle and then subtract the
width of the small rectangle, which is equivalent as the sum of three times the length
of the small rectangle.
This implies the length of each small rectangle is 48  3  16 cm and the length of
one small rectangle is just the sum of the width of two small rectangles. So that the
width of one small rectangle is 16  2  8 cm.
Hence, the area of one small rectangle is 16  8  128 cm2.
【Suggested Solution 2】
Let the length and width of each small rectangle represent as a cm and b cm
respectively, then from the given figure we obtain
 b  a  a  b  48 2a  2b  48
 
a  b  a  (a  b)  48  3a  48
So that a  16 , b  8 . Thus, the area of each small rectangle is 16  8  128 cm2.
Answer: 128 cm2
11. An electronic watch shows 7 o’clock thirty-one minutes on the surface of the
watch as 7:31. From 7:00 to 8:00 in the morning, how many times will three
distinct digits appear as a point of time on the surface of watch?
【Suggested Solution】
It can be seen that 8 or 7 will be displayed in the hour position. If it is 8 in the hour
hand, there is only 8:00 appearing; not suitable! If it is 7 in the hour hand, then the
possible numbers that can appear in the tens’ digit of the minute hand can only be 0, 1,
2, 3, 4 or 5. There are 6 possible digits for the tens’ place, while the ones’ digit of
the minute hand can be from 0～9. However, the digit 7 and then the already existing
tens’ digit in the minute hand must be excluded; then there are 8 possibilities. So,
there are 1 6  8  48 three distinct number point of time in total.
Answer: 48 different three-digit number point of time
12. Below is a tangram which was invented in China. It is a famous puzzle with
seven ingenious pieces: five isosceles right triangles of three sizes, one square
and one parallelogram. If the area of one of the smallest isosceles right triangle in
the 7-piece puzzle is 6 cm2, what is the area, in cm2 , of the largest isosceles right
triangle in this puzzle?
【Suggested Solution】
According to the relative position of the seven pieces in the given figure, it can be
seen that the square can be formed by assembling the hypotenuse of two smallest
isosceles right triangles side by side, while the parallelogram can be formed by
arranging each hypotenuse of each of the two smallest isosceles right triangles to be
the two longest sides of the parallelogram.
The largest isosceles right triangle is formed by one medium sized isosceles right
triangle and two smallest isosceles right triangles, so it follows the area of one largest
isosceles right triangle is 4 times the area of the smallest isosceles right triangles.
Therefore, the area of the largest isosceles right triangle is 6  4  24 cm2.
Answer：24 cm2
13. There are 24 regular unit cube blocks glued together as shown in the figure below.
How many faces of regular unit cubes blocks are glued together?

【Suggested Solution】
We know that 24 regular unit cubes will have a total of 6  24  144 faces. From the
given figure, we also know that there are (9  6  2)  3  4  64 faces that are not
sticking out. Therefore, there are a total of 144  64  80 faces of a regular unit
cube blocks glued together.
Answer: 80 faces
Questions 14 to 15, 20 marks each
(Detailed solutions are needed for these two problems)
14. After arranging 1000 consecutive positive integers in a certain order, followed by
computing the sum of each successive three numbers from the beginning, a total
of 998 sums can be obtained. What is the largest possible number of odd integers
among these 998 sums?
【Suggested Solution】
The sum of one odd number and two even numbers or the sum of three odd numbers
will always be an odd number, while the sum of one even number and two odd
numbers or the sum of three even numbers will always be an even number. Since
there are a total of 998 sums can be obtained, now assume the 998 sums are all odd
number, then
(i) there are no even numbers or exactly 2 even numbers between any two adjacent
odd numbers.
(ii) there shall be no odd number or exactly 1 odd number between any two adjacent
even numbers but not three consecutive even numbers.
(iii) there can be at most one odd number before the first even number and also after
the last even number.
It can be seen that there are 500 odd numbers and 500 even numbers in the 1000
consecutive positive integers, that is, there are as many odd numbers as even
numbers. So, it is impossible to arrange all of them in odd numbers, that is to say, it
is only possible to satisfy the conditions (i) and (ii) at the same time
 OOO  OOOEEOEEO  EEOOOO  OOO
a terms of O 250 term of EEO (250 a ) term of O

 OOO  OOOOEEOEE  OEEOOO  OOO

a terms of OOO 250 term of OEE (250 a ) term of O

However, no matter what is the value of a, the condition (iii) can not be satisfied.
Hence, it is impossible that 998 sums are all odd numbers, that is, at most 997 sums
are odd numbers. Here is one arrangement:
OEEOEE  OEEOOO  OOO
250 times of OEE group 250 times of OOO group

There is only 1 set of solution which contains an even number, then odd number and
followed by another odd number which will produce a sum of an even number, and
the rest of them will produce a sum of odd number.
Answer: 997 numbers
【Marking Scheme】
 Find that the sum of one odd number and two even numbers or the sum of three
odd numbers will always be an odd number, 5 marks.
 Show that it is impossible when 998 sums are all odd number, 10 marks.
 Give an example so that 997 sums are odd number and prove the example, 5
marks.
15. Fill in the grid with the positive integers starting from 1 as shown in the figure,
and then use an “L-shaped block” (that is composed of three unit squares which
can be rotated or flipped) to frame three numbers and compute their sum.
For example, in the figure below, the sum of the three numbers framed by the
L-shaped block is 10  11  18  39. It is known that the sum of the three
numbers framed by an L-shaped block is 2019. What is the largest possible value
of the largest number among the three numbers framed by an L-shaped block?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
… … … … … … …
【Suggested Solution】
It can be found that this is an arrangement of 7 positive integers in a row as one
period, so the number in each row is increased by 7 from the previous row. Then, the
three numbers in the box may be:
 a, a  1 , a  7
a a 1
a7
2011
So that a  (a  1)  (a  7)  2019 , then a  , which is not a positive
3
integer, so it doesn’t meet the condition of the problem.

 a, a  1 , a  8
a a 1
a 8
2010
Here a  (a  1)  (a  8)  2019 , that is; a   670 , it follows that the
3
three numbers in the L-shaped block are 670, 671, 678.

 a, a  7 , a  8
a
a  7 a 8
2004
We have a  (a  7)  (a  8)  2019 , so a   668 , then the three numbers
3
in the L-shaped block are 668, 675, 676.

 a、 a  6 、 a  7
a
a6 a7
2006
Here, a  (a  6)  (a  7)  2019 , then a  , which is not a positive
3
integer, so it doesn’t meet the condition of the problem.

Therefore, the largest possible value of the largest number among the three numbers
framed by the L-shaped block is 678.
Answer: 678
【Marking Scheme】
 Find the situations so that the three numbers framed by the L-shaped block and
discuss whether the situation is held or not, and then find the three numbers
correctly as the situation holds. Each situation for 5 marks.