Fall Term, 2021

WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY

Waterloo, Ontario
MA 122 – Introductory Linear Algebra
Final Examination – December 14, 2021
Instructors:
Section A (8:30 - 9:50 a.m.) – Ping Zhang
Section B (12:30 - 1:50 p.m.) – Shengda Hu
Section C (10:30 - 11:50 a.m.) – Ping Zhang
Section D (10:30 - 11:50 a.m.) – Nasir Sohail
Section E (12:30 - 1:50 p.m.) – Nasir Sohail

Time Allowed: 2.5 hours

Total Value: 100 marks
Number of Pages: 7 plus cover page
Instructions:
Non-programmable, non-graphing calculators are permitted.
No other aids are allowed.
Answer in the spaces provided on the answer sheets.
Show all your work. Insufficient justification will result in loss of marks.
Write your name and student number in the space provided on the answer sheets.

The following assessment declaration should be signed and dated on the first page of
your answer sheets. Read it carefully before you move on to the Questions.

ASSESSMENT DECLARATION

• I have not used, given, or received, and have not attempted to use or give any unauthorized
information during the examination.
• I have not impersonated, or allowed myself to be impersonated by any person for the purposes
of this assessment.
• No part of this assessment has been written for me by any other person.
• I have not used unauthorized aids or assistance in the completion of this examination.
• I have not tried to use any software or online search to get or provide answers or solutions to
the problems on this exam.

I understand that failure to comply with any of the above conditions constitutes Academic Mis-
conduct and will result in sanctions according to the University Calendar, which may include:

• Failing the course;

• Suspension from the University for a designated period of time;
• Expulsion from the program or from the University.

At the beginning of the test:

1. DO NOT click Submit, unless you want to exit the test, scan and submit your Answer Sheets.
 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 1 of 7

Sign and date the above declaration on the ANSWER SHEETS (page
1) before answering the exam questions.

[10 marks]1. In each question write either True or False.

No justification is needed.
Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 1

(a) If A is an invertible matrix, then its RREF is a diagonal matrix.

(b) For any positive integer n, adj(2In) = 2adj(In).
→
−
(c) If A is any symmetric matrix, then any linear systems A→ −x = b
with A as the coefficient matrix can be solved using Cramer’s rule.
(d) For any matrix A, det(AAT) = det(ATA).
(e) If A is a matrix of size 7 × 5, then the range of the matrix trans-
formation TA defined by A is a subspace of R7.
(f) If →
−
v and →−w are non-zero vectors in Rn such that proj→ − →
→
− v = 0,
−
w
then they are linearly dependent.
(g) If →
−
v1 , →
−
v2 , →
−
v3 and →
−
v4 span R4, then →
−
v2 and →
−
v4 are linearly indepen-
dent.
(h) There is a matrix of size 5 × 3 with 4 linearly independent rows.
(i) If →
−
v is an eigenvector of a square matrix A, then →
−
v and A→−v are
linearly dependent.
(j) For any square matrix A of order n, if A has n distinct eigenvec-
tors, then it must be diagonalizable.

2. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 1
Let A be a 4 × 7 matrix. The following matrix is obtained after ap-
plying some elementary row operations to A:
 
1 0 3 1 0 0 −1
0 1 0 −1 0 1 2 
 
0 0 0 0 1 4 1 
 
0 −1 0 1 0 −1 −2

[4 marks] (a) Find a basis for the row space of A, and determine the dimension
of row(A).
[1 marks] (b) Find the nullity of the matrix A.
[1 marks] (c) Find the dimension of the range of the matrix transformation TA
defined by A.

Continue onto the next page

 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 2 of 7

3. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 1
     


 1 3 0 
     
1  2  −2

Given a collection of vectors β =   ,   ,   in R4,

 2  1   1 

−2 −1 

 1 

consider the subspace V = Span(β) of R4.

[5 marks] (a) Show that β is a basis for the subspace V of R4.
[2 marks] (b) Find the vector →
−v ∈ V whose coordinate
 vector with respect to
1
the ordered basis β is −
→ 
v β =  2 .
−1

Continue onto the next page

 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 3 of 7

4. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 2
[7 marks] In the linear system below, use Cramer’s rule to express x2 in terms
of b: 


 x1 − 2x2 − x4 =1

−x + x + 2x = 0
1 3 4


2x2 − x3 =b

x + x − 2x
1 2 3 =0
5. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 2

π
[5 marks] Let T : R2 → R2 be the clockwise rotation through angle radians.
  3
−2
Find T (→
−v ) for →
−
v = √ . (Use the exact values of trigonometric
3
functions.)

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 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 4 of 7

6. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 3
[5 marks] Let A be a 4 × 6 matrix written as the collection of its column vectors
below
A= →
− →
v1 −v2 →−
v3 →−
v4 →−
v5 →
− 
v6
The following matrix is the reduced row echelon form (RREF) of A:
 
1 −2 0 3 0 5
0 0 1 −1 0 2 
 
0 0 0 0 1 −2
 
0 0 0 0 0 0

Represent the vector →

−
v6 as a linear combination of the rest of the
column vectors of A.
7. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 3

Let A be a square matrix of order 3. Suppose that the eigenvalues of

A are 2 and 7, and the respective eigenspaces are given by
     
 2   −1 −1 
E2(A) = Span  1  , E7(A) = Span  1  ,  2 
−1 1 1
   

[2 marks] (a) Find the respective algebraic multiplicities m2(A) and m7(A) of
the eigenvalues 2 and 7 of A.
[4 marks] (b) Find a diagonal matrix D and an invertible matrix P of order 3
such that P −1AP = D (you do not need to verify this identity).
[2 marks] (c) Find the determinant of A.

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 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 5 of 7

8. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 4
[6 marks] (a) Let L : R3 → R3 be the matrix transformation defined by
 
1
→
− →
− →
− →
− 3 →
−
L( x ) = v × x , with x ∈ R and v =  0 
−1
Show that the standard matrix of L is
 
  0 1 0
L = −1 0 −1
0 1 0

[5 marks] (b) Let P : R3 → R3 be the orthogonal projection  onto the plane

2x − y + z = 0. Find the standard matrix P of P .
 
[4 marks] (c) Using (a) and the answer in (b), find the standard matrix T of
the matrix transformation T obtained by performing L after P .
9. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 4
[5 marks] Determine if the following subset S of R3 is a subspace of R3. Fully
justify your solution.
S := →
−
v ∈ R3 : ||→
−
v || 6 5

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 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 6 of 7

10. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 5
 
1 −1 0
Let A =  1 4 1.
−1 −3 0
[6 marks] (a) Show that the characteristic polynomial of A is
CA(λ) = (λ − 1)(λ − 2)2.
[2 marks] (b) Find all eigenvalues of A.
[7 marks] (c) Show that A is not diagonalizable.

Continue onto the next page

 MA122 – Final Examination QUESTIONS Page 7 of 7

11. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 6
[5 marks]
 
1
Suppose that the vector →
−
v = is an eigenvector of the matrix
−2
 
1+x 1
A=
−x x
Find the value of the real number x. Fully justify you solution.
12. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 6
[4 marks] Let A and B be square matrices of the same size such that
A2 + AB + BA = B
Suppose that A and A + B are both invertible. Prove that B is
invertible.
13. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 6
[4 marks] Let A be a matrix of size 4 × 6. Prove that the dimension of null(A)
is at least 2.
14. Write your solutions for this question on the Answer Sheets, Page 6
[4 marks] Let A be a 4 × 4 matrix so that 2 is an eigenvalue of A with three
linearly independent eigenvectors. Suppose A has another eigenvalue
different from 2. Prove that A is diagonalizable.

When you are ready to exit the midterm

1. DO NOT click Submit, unless you want to exit the test, scan and submit
your Answer Sheets.
2. Scan and submit all pages of your Answer Sheets as a single PDF
file. Each page of the PDF file corresponds to one page of the Answer
Sheets, even if the Answer Sheet page is empty.
3. The submission must be completed within 15 minutes of the end
of the exam.
4. The submission is to Gradescope.

The END