POWER SUPPLY ™ i, | + eon Rtn) — pga] (feedbock 4 4- EL. (eie]+— Requtaton} t Rectifiers r—> Centre Tapped Half wave, Full wave —— ; reckspuer nockifier —» Buikge > Ualf terave Rectifier - Bie ‘ere, a Eg} % Nout ie ame Ie Ven ae ! Vout f i Time see KAU} Nout iy ret std JAR At LES He 7 7 oF Time * Rsformance Parameters Ode outbut voltage (Vie) @ Rug output voltage, @ te output current (Loe) @ Rus outbhut current (Lams) © Ripple Facton (¥) © Efficienty (ny) O Peak Invexde voltage (Piv) @ Ae Pauses ( Pe) O Oo Rusen (Fee) ¥ Ebrersion 6 De output voltage (Va Oe Vaug / alae Anovon 02 Sueroge gutput voltage) ~ Gt in the natio prea of one cycle $ te outbut waveform bo the period of onveyehe We (or = aa of one uy he. ae), \ oo Psat f ony * Ven din ost aluening ofr Vos 0 edn, 7 to oT >“PRS culfut vellage His aehined a4 the snare r00t of He. rats “f asa enclerd under toycle of the spraned output form to ty Aersed of one cycle. RMS output voltage is alse Knowon 06 effectiin vali | + Vamas [PFvedat}® fp msihotaok 5 [Ua [Facet | xan (iusetl, ‘fied wel J x je Neus ,Tnmez Vana 2 Vm. tmx a = we aerial” SE =e Amati ¥ Pe cutput Pawer Py TE eR. TP gy Ree Men ROL & DPao> Vm pl te ATES RE Ci Tel? tes Teme XR = Ir Ro vee eve i 7 TR w> Ripple Paston (7) ~ $s ibined an tee smreasione of a.c-compr wren 60 the output of the rection on. Ht isclefined wh the ratios ~ 200 Value G O€ component fo tha: de component of eahgiit. d Ripple Factor, RE(Y)= Mes apo Vac eprenente sma Valeo of ac con ent of sectifiety Vile de ) Of ectifiren “ iti a as 5 | Veena Sve vole of the component evoigtt | eye 2 a o° Vas = Vato t Velo Voemae [vae+ VE 2 © i irs > Vac = Vams — Vole > Vacs kina = VE i Ys Voc | Emonv) Vee = Vac” pe = | Mee = Maecy (Q)- Ha defined O4 He vakio a de power delive 16 the toll input Power be the rectifier. tmctfpenee se We, 4 20. sof mys tory [input ac fort Pye ella ~ = d a (Fiubt Wave Rectifier) x @ Vag ©% Vavg = J J vedeot VinSin wt duct? ¥v wt es separ x[nat]e airy ss. QTm - a ete TT ERC E Ie ° (i228 g Ty Ne dust Veh Sikwt it 2 Vrms 2 Py vedwt feet a x ae : 204 Tamez [Vagus B Ye Zt Now, Tens = Vat 2 Vn xt _ Ime ei or = ne ae wee OR” Tama? ) Ree = Trmox Re - Bawk fm AL @ pic oben = 43h ne. avi nm TKR ORepple Factor, Ys Var. SiEeavie , Vee? — Vee VeO8EI9 » LY: oued) e Izy : Vate © EG ficiency , We ae ~ Aer ae Se eexn (rhecstions aft me ie bie tea acl of S00 obra: 4, GA half wousedlif ae te volts ( “Bek vale). Fine! tha tye * theLloaol voltage Input voltage ae fe Coad users pis es whieh e gic glavg.valee of vt foes < tte et tok ween aston | # Sel” Ry 2 500 » m= l00V, Rp sto ye? ent a a — Tge2?, tonal, vaer? + aa VacsVin 2 wove BbBUV . Tde= (MOO 2-12 OOCLH ». TT 5 pth) cr six) Vpseas Yoo. = Jo = SOV ~ Tames Tn 2 = 100 ov - ae : ve ay 2K510_ = v= Vounayt_) Sol we ie ey Gp : 2 ops Pas. De K RARS <= TeX RL Re De Kioe ae “eer fama. 230) Thm (RARE) (61098) we I OA fet oe les (CFR) cath o conten tapped Scere" ‘ ‘a Deed of, SOD Tha inst veltage-te He citer! 1 to gh voles) Poets ind th same Rewenage vols ie ony “ips oon Coa pe ge eat eery 4 frat an lofarKe ew Sel” Re 2800L,.VamztooV , Rex [oA Tae: 2, D 2 Totes 2, Lom = 6; Veena: 7, Vae= 2 = HL - < Tac =2im = aX Vm aa = 1 ax (Ria Re) a. OVl2SQ.Ss ae Loo A825 O13 RA CRAR XA (ay ClO 2 eee V 2X 100 2oo _ g2.e6V Tv Tr Vaams = Ye too Joy D 7 7 ns my 1) = J0.238= oer Wyre OU elec eee Pac (ARM IX S08. 1915 Jeo 1238)? x Slo DA ful wove weckifeer wills © centre t é L pu | Seconela. sepply pores of Suite o foacl & (oo 2. nd few inf Wiad Bre sce The tuarsforwmer favo a Geconct aly rewistence ford 0 te Loacvormel sce Ota 6 the hiode £1 202. Sei? Re = 100.2 , Pac=SW, Ry = 200, Re = 252, Vm22 3 Fac = Tele * Re * S=tuextos o> Tac= |S > Ige: 2im 2 T= Ime Tacx 0:2236%XT1 - 0.35) A caer Cae Leas (Re4R§ ) 0-2236 A, A v Tm = Neh > Vin = Im (Rit Rg the) (Ret Rpt Rete) = 0-38} (loo+ 20428) =1YSK OS} = S089 aa Grietge rectifier hoo input voltage of (00 Senwt’ the ede “rewatonce 44 502. The foac! reli 4.980 2. Find bx do outpet voltage, supp factor & ebpicieney.. Sol” Vacs loorinot ,vmeloov , Ry= S00 ee Adee OF SY SPE = Vole = &Vm 2 2%180 _ 200 = B68 an Vea = “er = Iso 2 10-71IN 2 “VY (RE)> ee ee 0-223 =0.4 82 de dacs Vee 5 63:56 grebagh = 0.06068 (RuRe) Toso "Tame = Im . Ym = : WX = 00673 & Th RX (RNR) Raise a xlosa ’ Ne Pre _ Tax Tacx Re _ (er 0b06) x IP 2 18 hy ) > 1.0 So sien EE a “Pac > TEaxiRit2 Ro)” (0.0672) 0,Ong one nc redboconbar < redhco-corbe tapped Aoorefosmner it is cd net trou ha abeb- clean Luonsformer wert, 6 puny aa ige of DOV. Te priv to becorclary Ferns raster, be borefe: poner i The boas aemistance iu 1KQ.. naire pte trarvfoamer 4A (22R a the Seconda: eoaiog & "ony ole & vale of rt velop al OF frase ay vps QS0V , n= 107) R= loo , Ry 213.0 Re MVP > Vs=NP 289-98 V Vg Seo (Voz ave | Nom FOSS 2 B85 Im: 2Nm 2 8539 5 0.0245 A (Ry R RyRe) BTID +008 -— OW, pall Nac = Vm , BMS syposov, Tees Bee oe _ = w posts oars 2 Viena = ~ 2 RGIS 9%) SV ees 5 Tani io OES Gilg, t 2 a1 eee ae ea ee ee) [ey : jesy = 121 (m= Re Taew Re S Pre Tee (RA REAR) » (o.orts)2x (102) Uh sarc]. Aupply ve ncthren ws berpplied from 4 280V,SbH1z dignok Oi eee of 9:4 te 0 remative Coach, Be tele raced 18 752 The Croraforrrer Seconlasy exinding remstane late mararum average ars valor F ursrent , Le etch coy op rechfrcation . ¢ RS > OKD= /ooo0te Sh D Rp 2182 Rs tod ie | : Nr. Vs anna : l| Re Mee . NT o No Ne el * OM) x 1008 Nicunw = Vea XN a6 2 Nie = =16GV Bs m= Veamex 32 -|0%3V ZaN 3 iv SwO¥SSS . cml goa Sk z > Barby 8 2 10.8 ml 2[Em= lor 8m] [ i lOK+754 10 ov = tm, 08 ix esas 7 ae = 34m , Teme = D103. sma Vow] Voie = Mp 1083 Za.5y hm Tr | Now, 1) = Fee . tex 2 (3:4)'x loooe oY : - Dona (Ro thet Re) (SP x (19085) i : 3) She inut fe tha fall wave rechfier is V(L) » 200 sin Sot. Hf The [pad xemstounce is) kQ , sentctoner 14 502 , Determine de current through theverratit AC value of the current throuyl chruut , Vole: Vac, Be, Foc & efferny a7, Sd” H(t) = Qooin Sot = Vm Atnust, E Res (ko Im: Vm, dod > 268 “él ee Ne Re Bhi Re Go+ loo 105° ¥ 2 0.19047 A doodin 50 - ax 140647 mA toe = 222. ax 190. JT = 1242S mA 1 Iams - Em Lat, IIHT. “BU GE MA . ae ee J seen -rr aS — i 2... 2X 5 de = I> ax? a 197-323 oN ead: 20> ah. 42w ; i j f ry xf fonay A000 > 1.4 W 4 ide \ Dae Tac % (Rut ky? [ou y KX VoSo) = LBES IHD pe ee Ehfideney = Cac Met 276. b8F the j Por 19-983 be cLipien the Leona | misters ety | wee £ 9800. Caleufete Vole, “an fs ) Ino fav wave bridge re aoe in loo dinwt - The f da 25D. The load remste. uk inverse voltage cr0¥4 Nen- conduacbing efficiency, p ie Sa” Nis = Vp vot tosh = Loo Ava = cates \OON i Ru- aol ¢ Ry 261 "Nae SOE aBale? » 2 CB-GGIV TT 2 jo.110 il Vana = Nien es Ripple een) « ee y ae ae sy. srg | eA (m) = Pe. Phe xR eae Trou (R42RE) = es. Ron) Ger , E2eel _ 0-0036k et Gfo +52 (000 , Tame = eee Jo10! > ¢ (Ris2R4) “pees o.o107 A z f , NP Ne (& oerg)*XaFe | 16-81 “Le é | cro *areos ‘ wPak Save rr Voltage across non- -Cordrchireg— ow * ye s 7 Voltage Regulatons letors - ee Ddine fog ae &) load oe / | ; |ry f ee -| ba U4 ; [ poly Kve to the a Apply = - Ve 7 2 Vz Vo =Ve vg. Iz R8-Vz-0 : 1k —— j 7 eee ay on [Tz = Weve ee ee ushen Lead resistomce is Connected acront tu abjade . “Abbly Kvt Ao Mow efrait Te Rs 7 To=TztT NE | { Rs ' + } lee Ne Ne ne 2 | Rs : £ The vralterge agulation can be of tuse typo . Fi dine regulation -Inthis cases Serueh Ns sensteunce 2 Load revidturce are Rept constont — -K/- Dit wv ovsumed thet all the waxicitrons 9 ge Usltage avruse clue te fle teokions dy enpoe? = oe & The xequbofed| ofp voltage La aehieved for ‘input voll, aheie certain minimum value Hen the f ap f tylate 4b giver by on x loo = +2 Line naguletion : 7 2) load regulation Here the input vollaye is fired while Ue boad reistoue a varied-denee the constont output voltage ig obtained 02 long 0s the load ruscakeuarce is malvtarned above the min volue . an wlalion ia given by - Nwe~ Ver el fachiate ptt hob rey é by a 4 ao BD) Series resigtennce * Reman = Neat) Raa Nee Casi | Te (min) + Je (mon) ~ Da (ama) aT, (min) Romine RS Revs ~ Lnnitakions of Zener Voltage Regulater - 3 |4) Stas Lora efficient for heavy Load nwt a) ee tener Frnpedence Mightly abfect te 0/Pvoltage 2po PEGE An wa ADA 0 COMMAL IC CE OY fon LY a os Ls »pplicatron Dbock Aroptifions “Prbiolien wily 7 x AmpUy ip ole 1) Porilive Fe ed buck es | are Q) “ne Foed boc k L asa | fonolifier 4 md _ yi __—Jarnplijp by ” | A (exaiek ab 1904 190 [ave = 4] Seo elback ov & aes ee Tos-ve fercliag Aeeplifer Gain Gain $ TT chant G0 180 am Bandivilth 4 St Shales =a} so" ay Gucetback A Gain NA lay, | feaaptens Avy. ~. Vo ay Aye Ox, * ANE @ Ave Ve Nel Yo VON Santciotms. Hise Semiconductor alicela entre a feomed hig the te back-to book cong F tuto: pn junetian cuiodes, oe c* anet 4 |p nie in). = mw. LB Sele | 5_trle}— = = 16 peti Vee on Nes VINCE SON | Y vae Vee | DF Common Emitter ( Pelle Conf punation1 a Xeuer ciocle Vollape + repulator te met Lhe follourty Leation— Lenweglatedl ole oy voltage , Ves G12V, *epuloted lc onthet voltage Ay = SV me, tin, Kener caroent, Leggy = SA , mar | Xenes ceervent Beg? 80MM, Loacl cerrnents 2." O-2omA ” : | SLY RL Vee 0-10 Zt Vo = S| Vinwin Vp ne Demin? Timon ie 3 >R = Bx >R S120rh » Kero Stoo peg oo a a >Vimax— ' - 2 2 R ema NE Sw R> 12-8 |g Ro “Tx lood Tz (mov) +Eilrwn:) oxo wm, Rr Ie 218 ai R>8ISL fo BAS ME Re jpok— : " Relo3 7S BRe MSHI» ROR. 103 79L wo Fis a we [ma Vers f yy wit Wee yh I > . \ @Oeriyn a zener deste voltage regulator Rolineck the Fallows | Aeguinarnerity + UNRe tated énputivaltage C= IB17N, ad | cxcrent DLs om, Aepullated output volte, No =t9N , Win. Zero | worent Demin SA Mom: Fouser aitai potion in Zens diadke ¥ Soom er Sol” Pp = SoomW = Sooxlo Ww 2 VoTzmon = lo%Temen “he RLN N gleman = Soxto? A oe SomA- % RL. Nz _ Ve . Jaxte TOO Te 7 (908 ] See mn Ser 2> Rima s [Xf foes 1900 seat mbit (eciying esilte, «> Oscillation * feigned Bart Baila? a Srepueency (He) Hie fea] aot a a 2 > aurcide! 5 Stele f Ro phere bhi ee +> ee, (dg : female tl Conditions fo Oscillator | Bhaxosen'. 'y Criteria“ CG Ouillator te abe i Fee om Ne Ol ton 360 ait : ae 2 vy Aw fAvB ¢ . vertyut ‘ non : Len eye @ Phase sdsft - O° on Boo Tronoise ns = ew Peli t pe Serneae as. | Tove ren nen kn - , © Mts aang apt | a : ‘ & ground team c nv= opamp nak rameters of OP Amp > ( Commen Morte Rejection Roto) Shift Oscillaton—> PIMP | | vee! Pransiton. | SRG QT RC axe : ~» When Bridge Oscillator |Sle ure oseellaton fon slabslty , high efficiency ~Mullvtbrutor Wis on electronic creat wtih Gin, Tye Square WAVE OF mon -Ainuscilak save Thus nom binusoidal usave conarats hom sunuseicdal vere Loclh hiffferent Gregroncy Mullivibrater con act 0 tun electronic Boar yy Vsuotlch. euith pesitice feelboce =enitrellel Osecllalor Alereecl Argh Ru te Conbnol t frequency ewcll be Same as that af Lo cru Crysial os gung + Parameters of 9p. Amp _- 1. Commen-Mocke Rejection Roiti (CRA) A 8. Toleel vole’ = 0d- e af Procical velue 70 lS te 120 AB + Jo word netse ,OMRR Con be seal. | 2 Open Lech Vallge Gain (Any) Toleal volun —> 06 Procdioal volee— 2x 10° 8 | 3 Input offset voltage : Prasticably 2 Brel ole voltage will oppeon ot ti. output when ne drut voll eis apeted ot Dipemantiod dle vollage i Applied fenton fhe input de alue te OV a 2 Prohical volun = Smit . ~ a / ~Yrs the Lif blus np hay a Toteok Vodug ‘ : Fa Rin Proctical vole 9 -| ‘Ona Ss Input Soros cum Yin the bias eurrert re, by 9 — inpuds of dhe opamp to | | pala of dhe op amp We operate the tat Alege, stag ovg: of, the beth anpet currents May aie E| gtes voliue ~ 04 Z| Practilcad volue~ 8094 £ & Saput Gmpectonce (Ri) = Sis the notion Spat Be input were 2 YY 7, 4 Bp lly Othe Oipferenteot dnput voltage us Zero : Vd > Va-N2® ee - ¢ Isye)=0) © No cuvsert eowsing ito the aypat arraines-——— Rin eNd ov, V2 % — Totgod= 0 SB 8 Procbleod value = aul T. Qubput Smpectence (Re ) Toler! voleu - 0 Prockitad valur- SOSL-t00.2 @ Sleur Robe» $ sa clahired or the make of cheers outpul voltage Ae time : Slaw Rafe (SR) » ve Totead volun oo He Prockical vabur— OS 2V/s0e wRAntinte Input © open loot, gan | Bk 1, Pen ite Coun cui oett, é bubulion ae ofbact ~Conebl ee F a wo nore Vie = Vy=0 Nin © Ng ° 1) No feedback connection by ong Lippe of components b/us dp & ep 8) Open Loop Gan (A or) 22 Very igh & cannot Contrel 3) Qmrall deEfenence blo > np Cause dite is ee Trp een (S00k-9M2) Oulfid tropedence (90 loo) fe 200K) ~ Rs Rin he | Viduap ~ Ny Var Ground = FVe #) Flin g Ae velbeage 4s fea back fa he Enput erminah through Re. 2) The rato & Re| Rin Contel ow 3) ha rake Rp) Rin Contest on, 8B Cnbtace te) oe! the Chesed feof gor.( A" JOE Rey Rin Mery Pov ee -. 2 Roe Riny Accel fos:lve YU Ro = Ring Awe) etd Tin Ry “Ny Vou ol gulf : > > =I 2 As ben tha Kei, at node Ve 2 Tin = Te ‘ Vax Nye Ned = 2 shige Nin = Ve Va-Veud (Tin 2 Te) Rin Ry x y Nel | Nout Nout 2 Ags ~ RF Rea” 2 at | pe RR » Ry Mie Ra Vin[ RE 4 Vin Rin fa é + Surnrning Op-Amp ~ Bin» Tp ua T+ +B ele Oe ne News T,- VeVx Ru Io = Va-vx , Tg» Noo Ve_ Re Rs Bub in eq: O NieVa 4 Va Vx 4 V8 Noe — Vows R, RL Re Rp oy NN NZ: +N3 , Newt Ria aes tree No =~ Re a i RR. Ra FY RR = Rae Rea R Nes - [WtV2+uy]Vest Rea} i Ria Re Ly} Nill * von Nel, + Vo incre daoasts lly - ew Onthe ofet 1) 9 Prone? cunnsat 3 fowerge + Applian «S12 often wad ot bak ecncutts Aimemolod Tine te na Yaa reund paltl 2 [leone into Hh ctruut WA fase : Vin aa Tp = Ve-Ve fe * he Re * Im-= Ip cf olvin ) Mog [My Ree] SP [sie p> Feel] - Advantages SE Rrovidtio Bighan outhud volleye & homey luc acaistaree Wen ative lave hoping heals : : sia hy dren gules L sectorgular signods > regen. Operated AP tal Ample Ce eed Ae in Ve wave se = [a] OR ia © va Tateyrole © on beth sity2 re cg cle Electsonit ¢ hex dyttem S ttem ~ Ope Bore Radi mal Number Q) Cetel Numbea System- OF 9 7 Member System: On |) Hesadecimmel Number Aystere- Ole Digi [ Example wrth Numbex System Case] Rachie Symbel Power notudion 1) Decirod to o-9 ¢ 318.6), a sei 4 Octo 3 es = Bm TH8! a) Oa (236. 2s + 6x9? 2x8! y Binewy 2 bea. F psa! + to.10 aU D4 + PRO seo 1) Hexadeumed 16 o* byna.n), 2x18 proxlelt Dee race ar - be Le TIKI axth lo 1S ~ Converion mol be othey Number Sygterna t dinltiaitantiesteis Hesse ee ee Falegex Rank Decinnel [Froetion fast ( Succemive diatoms) | (Secternive petsptete) | Bi) dn antgtn ans evita ]1) Multiply cel no-go Pl “Denimno- by the rocln nadie. of, Ahe no tem xe ented be converted ei car (read 2) Sve dhe wlole no = (lool tol) 0-625x2 > lease > 1 Q.2s x2 5 6-S0 >o OSoxXY > Lor J = tol + Qeamol te Hexacheimel ; (61815) = C Die 6 e1S+16 615-(2A3)I6 HOS X16 = MOF Aa 2 OH RIG ZO 4 96 = va to2A Cons) = (2604, OK 26436 Odd - ; 6S 3 8 GS = (PxVYe Olsee = LAO | broK® s bG—> | +- lo 2 Ob KB = UW% HY oo »(1aeae oe es CES OMe e = gus = * Offa Hav no sigsien Be Des! care ene! 1 5) Obteun the porwr Aeppen of, te me ayatern te be | clekermined al D Plaw the nos fresition Form 2% Tnteger (Lets aids of, 4 ouseY ust entionel wwught lf -p 3) Mulbupty the no 2 ) ade © et to get deomel noPower 2 Weg 8 YAN os OW © ) eee to le! Potal - FROtAt) . Orowe Cure dro 2) Henactecimed de Decimed : Texasteun’ —__—. . (A2B De =( deo e216) 162. we! 1B ase 16.1 . o.06e 0.003906 lo yA. F ) gspo¢ B24. 90 62S t HOOSe (A28.'D)ig = (26031145) 10ae J he hegre TO Sl OI boa g fooo 10 OO} 00 3 1000 q lo ul Oa) Goi; 4% joo! lo 0001 D000 12 0! o10 10-A jolo 100! Cool 13 oo! on; 6 pol 12 p00} 0010 1y ool Nec} c | |poo (3 O00} Col} iS ool tol) D i; w08l 14 poo! 0189} 16 ool Wo} ge 410% 1s 000) Clo} | — 17 oo titi of Tiled i 16 cel ole) Qo old oat + Octal te Binary - ~ Reploce all octod Ligets Ly xts 3 bets Beo efuiveleet Kath for unteger & proctionot Ex- (1078.32), 2 Oe sed of Sa 001 000 THI DIT. Off O10 2 (1073-82) = (1oooitorl. O17 oo}, + throctcrmal te Bindny- oie ¢ : ~ Reploce each Aeractesimed digihs toy sts 44 Init BUH equivalent beth fox dulaper & faractarit fast Be (ADB-ID)ig > (Dy A a B er D Iolo oolo Jolt . Oool Hol > (AaB.ID)igs (terooeteto}! 00170) * Binary to Otel i Binany zo Hexacteeinaal ee a |Va re fo Diecaduciro! s7OV16 | an Ex- (aes 6b) Os” jee yee Bess: 7 poe BY ool, 5 OlEe loi}, : ool, pil, 100, )0l + ort, oro, 9 7 eee 4 8 ee RE a (96606 = (BAS 220 eae + Boolean Algebra. ov—> OFF Logic (0) — Folse - sy > ON ~ Legsic( 1) — True (oR4) am Beclean constamts , ihemt “Oeyhe Ann ,oR, NOT Gakes —~ infos forte Relation Remarks [ | 00:0 2 l+t= | Qu a O+0=0 My cl el) 6 I40=Otl=] Note: Eveay boss $oA 2 fonwns AnD fonm ancl OR form . Therefone Me fet 4 postertates are Known os olurality . These are obtained by chang rng Anup 2X0 OR («> +) or 08 to Ani & ol Ile to O'R wwe Verda , Brolin Laut we Bocleenn fou AND foam OR ffoxen 1) Commutotive, ABBA A+B=B+A 1) Ansouative A(Bo)-(Aa)c At (B40) (AFB) < 4) J eatiy A.a-A At+o-4 Dihubede — A(B4C)=AB1Ac As Bc (ArB/AX9 ¥) Ore [Zeno A.oz0 Attel 1) deen potency AA: A A+A-A 1) Snverae 90. Mongon'se TEP negat.on A A A | y ane ee - 6 nos mongers Bett eorem dhe Trot Toltes Los -brz Hence Prom \ “Ho . ~« Demorgov't Second Thom Fa - FG ‘ Aad A AB, AaB ee oe e a Truth Tolle, ' A 8 ABMS ABA B® FE 6 oO ! Ce et 6 | ) oO OF | ey 6 1 ° \ ° Oot ° i! \ oO -Bet ff o 7 Logic Gates - Gate ea Boolean Tesnchion Tut Jab’ Not Ago y=A c Note syNoT goke ss only f inprt ‘ ° and s) Out 4 nem of Prapoed t. pas Y=A.B =A Ite # 1)2 on mone dnp (Capi mulland one output an as f gi high if both inppuds ane high J Ahsrawt. Oulput 2 | Ee Aon oR 2 Y= A168 & 6 0 ns Of hl Nolet a ron tnpuda (Logie addi) | 9 | as outfe kM output 2 Logre Lows, + both. Anputs or ' otherwise output ay Figh ce vy rare AB Y NOR : YeAtB oo NoT A Y oO ! oO 7 =, FO 0, rz O° Note 1) Twxo On mone unput (Logie acteliton Linvension) & one ouput - - |b Spat a Lage eh ba mt a Boe te output 4 Lous i NAND & AB y-AB \-mB A BY ci) - O° ° ! Oe me | AnD 4= >> =| 0 | Not a I oO: ote 1) Jaro ov mone input (Logtec multiplication & baverwen) 2) Ont pt Ja Logic Lous 4p both snp aru Lars a ne cusp wv Aigh 3 © : y : bx-oR —) y Y-A®B 6 0 oO = xoR B > ; Ae o |} ) KB Mir : “pe aps he ic As Y= AGB Pop Oe A 26 7N oF 8 | ° ' i { ° (ntLewaect Gate Syrnbool L NOT -oob hut cury k ( the op ung raations oll Loy gots, ha only funtion con be NoR Gates * Function Lmplamentaton Uy, NOR Gate 1% ae =A kG Ss ACA1B)3 A (A+B) : ya, 9 AB a Morgon's Lou) eg _ \ ABB 9 ABB o(A+8)B . , ami BR >ABsAgTe AB (BB 0) 1> AB Rea ne : gD gy Anas > ABIAB 9 [Yo 2B+A8 | 7 jExnek Gilt ag oe Gale Nok Gets : See Mintexn AB AB [5A |aoB| aah 63 (AxAB) OA RB > A( RB) > ALAS) --0oom -o-o pF ~ cote TB > BB\ OA) 598 G5 03 ABS AB. 15 (One SHE) B 9 (A+B). B > ne > Mr0 5 Ae Te pt go kent 9( A082) wr +®)- nad) (AtB) (A+ Bes: Rng oR 48° | a — es he eeOPE.. OR Gote Using NAND Gote : g A BY a S i roo FAB —_—_ ® ==] 344 8)(HB) foro - xh? 5 (ArB)B = Gos A-(AtB As 3 AB jon MOSES | 5 ra. 88 > BArAB rhe a5 8 > pAtrAe —_ a a Re = PRR _ a AB + AB. Bee | eA ie = ene ae) pee GaAsB * fe Ate (K+ B) (A) Gy ark ' ; 2a ATD : d = nr. Ss oul aa ee Yo Agree). > whe ATs Aer : 2 gaapehh ~—- : > ARAL 7 EnNORGate Using NAND Gote aos T> ABAAB > (AYO (axB) 5 01AB+4R406Jo}. | ae >AB+AB | . \1 | AB - s fe Reclwe Addo co Chat + “gh tubes & Laws ible ty oxden to ¢ gece ic rearaben denms 2 yeiniables fn Abe cxprension 2) Golve ( Brarkeled Quotes) : 2) NOT $ AND'S X on's 2) ofan exprension Boor te boar over at Bergorm Abe apelions nde Ah expression firdt and Thun Drvent the nenilt - 1) Draue the Lager ollagaam ia Ua recluced beolecn expres ang Loasie Leg ee gots 3Ns ABC + ABC + ABT +A BO 2 AC (B+ B) + ABE + REC [2 BB=1) : AC+ABT+ ABC : y 2 c(A+AB) shee [2 A+ AB = ArB) 2CecArt B= ac J oes = Ac+Bc + ABC = A[C+E8] +6cl creB= CrB)- - A[CrB}+ BC > yA Ate BCI A BC ¥MY (MB) AIT BO ° - A.B( AB AC ee | cen YABAC ++ ABC - AB AB (1E)yaacpele eet] = AB+ ABC = AB( 4c) = AB aL ay a8 TB AR < Aa Bcf A+ Be] (A+B oe ane (ne) Le aa pabel [ara] pr [ Awee+ A668 C]wey; fl LY ™ eae ho \ O \ | ney Lift f} |) il i Ein 8 1 Cin AB Dan Cn Ae Cin AB Cen(ngy AB) Cin ( Aie | & dlomensorR (A assignment) ibe log ee cen cittts gun below X draws the cuapum for the necluced ovlean Cxprueon , 1 ABC4 ARE YABSC -Y¥ ABC rAR(C41C) + AB (EC) wp Cre= 47 Vy - AB.i + AB-4 Y= BCAA) fy ArAaad [ye Ba Lagi Gate or Gate 4 Pe output «Bey OV -(Brch) (cr AB) Sel” y B(crABr+cA(C+AB) —— - Bc + BAB +cact+CAAB { © AR: 0) BB=8, oOae y- A[B+c (nas AC) J sy AE Ba ABc + Acc} Y- af Ba act Ac] occ = £3 Ye Al BUF AC) FAC] ¢. vAC= 4} Ye AL Br Ac] Y= AB+AAC faa =Aj — dogie Diagvern - A B&B Cc a c @ Y= RC+aBa Bae Gof”: By Demorgon's Loté AtB+C = FB. Be > Bil * AB : Ac aie fel eeSoe (A 1 B)(BIC) yo (ACA 4 ACB) (BAG) fe AALS »>y (Ac + Aca)( B+) Y= ABC+ Acc + ACBB + ACEC: S$. Cec ° i BB=-=o0 - Ye ABo+Ac+ ABC y= Ac(B+l)+Aac fy Brlelf Y= AC+ABC = Ac(1+B) > 14 B=19