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India History and Timeline Overview

The Indus Valley civilization arose in northern India around 3000 BCE. Major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-daro developed around 2500 BCE. Buddhism was founded in the 6th century BCE by Siddhartha Gautama. The Mauryan Empire united much of northern India under Asoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE. The Gupta Empire ruled most of India from the 4th to 6th centuries CE, a time of cultural and economic prosperity. The Mughal Empire controlled India from the 16th to 19th centuries. Britain took control of India in the 18th century through the East India Company. After years of non-violent resistance led by Gandhi, India gained independence

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59 views3 pages

India History and Timeline Overview

The Indus Valley civilization arose in northern India around 3000 BCE. Major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-daro developed around 2500 BCE. Buddhism was founded in the 6th century BCE by Siddhartha Gautama. The Mauryan Empire united much of northern India under Asoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE. The Gupta Empire ruled most of India from the 4th to 6th centuries CE, a time of cultural and economic prosperity. The Mughal Empire controlled India from the 16th to 19th centuries. Britain took control of India in the 18th century through the East India Company. After years of non-violent resistance led by Gandhi, India gained independence

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JRavi Ps
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India

Timeline and History Overview


India Timeline

BCE
3000 - The Indus Valley civilization is established in Northern India and Pakistan.

2500 - Large cities such as Harappa and Mohenjo-daro develop.

1700 - The Iron Age begins in India.

1500 - The Aryan peoples arrive from Central Asia. The Indus
Valley Civilization collapses. The Vedic period begins. The
oldest sacred scriptures of Hinduism are written.

520 - Buddhism is founded by Siddharta Gautama.

326 - Alexander the Great arrives in Northern India.

322 - The Mauryan Empire is founded.


The Buddha
272 - Asoka the Great becomes emperor of Maurya. He expands
the empire greatly.

265 - Asoka the Great converts to Buddhism. He implements many reforms in the government.

230 - The Satavahana Empire is established.

CE
60 - The Kushan Empire gains control of Northern India. Southern India is controlled by the Satavahana
Empire.

319 - The Gupta Empire takes control of much of India. The rule of the Gupta Empire is a time of peace
and prosperity. Many advances are made in science and the arts during this time.

500 - The decimal numeral system is invented in India.

554 - The Gupta Empire begins to collapse.

712 - Islam arrives in Northern India with the Umayyad Caliphate.

1000 - The Ghaznavid Empire invades from the north.

1210 - The Delhi Sultanate is founded.

1221 - Genghis Khan leads the first invasion of the Mongols in India.


1398 - The Mongols, led by Timur, invade Northern India.

1498 - Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrives in


India. He is the first European to reach India by sea. He
establishes trade between Europe and India.

1527 - The Mughal Empire is established by Babur.

1556 - Akbar the Great becomes the Mughal Emperor. He


will expand the empire to include much of the Indian
Subcontinent. The arts and literature flourish during his
reign.

1600- The British East India Company is granted a


charter by Queen Elizabeth I to have exclusive rights to
trade with India.
Babur
1653 - The Taj Majal is completed in Agra. It is built by
Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in honor of his of wife
Mumtaz Mahal.

1757 - The East India Company defeats Bengal at the Battle of Plassey.

1772 - Warren Hastings is appointed the first Governor-General of Bengal.

1857 - The Indians rebel against the rule of the British East India Company.

1858 - The British Empire takes over the East India Company. The British Indian Empire is established.

1877 - Queen Victoria claims the title the Empress of


India.

1885 - The Indian National Congress is formed in an


effort to gain independence for India.

1911 - The capital city is moved from Calcutta to


Delhi by the British government.

1920 - Mahatma Gandhi begins his campaign of non-


violence against the British government.

1930 - Gandhi leads the Salt March against the British


salt monopoly.

1942 - The Quit India Movement is launched by the The Taj Majal
Indian National Congress.

1947 - India becomes an independent nation. The


Muslim state of Pakistan is established in the north. Jawaharlal Nehru becomes the first Prime Minister of
India.

1948 - War breaks out between India and Pakistan over the border land of Kashmir.
1948 - Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated.

1950 - India becomes a republic.

1966 - Indira Gandhi, the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, is elected prime minister.

1971 - India goes to war with Pakistan over the creation of the country of Bangladesh from East Pakistan.

1974 - India detonates its first nuclear weapon.

1984 - Indira Gandhi is assassinated.

1972 - India signs the Simla Agreement with Pakistan.

1996 - The Hindu nationalist party, the BJP, becomes the


major political party.

2000 - The population of India passes one billion people.

2002 - Tensions mount between India and Pakistan over


Kashmir. Gandhi
2004 - A large Indian Ocean earthquake causes a tsunami
wave that hits India killing over 10,000 people.

Brief Overview of the History of India

Thousands of years ago, India was home to the Indus Valley civilization, one of the world's oldest civilizations.
In the 300s and 200s BC, the Maurya Empire ruled the land. It became one of the largest empires in the world.
Years later, the Golden Age of India would take place during the Gupta dynasty. Lasting from 319 to 554 AD,
the Gupta dynasty produced new developments in science, great art, and advanced culture.

With the rise of Islam in the Arab nations, it began to spread into India. During the 10th and 11th centuries the
Turks and the Afghans invaded India and ruled as the Delhi Sultanate. Years later the Mughal Empire would rise
to power and rule the land for over 300 years.

In the 16th century, European explorers began to enter


India. Britain eventually took control of India. In the
early 1900s India began to fight for independence from
Britain. Led by Mohandas Gandhi, non-violent
protests were made against the British. After many
years of struggling, India was granted independence
from Britain in 1947.

The country was later divided up into India and


Pakistan. Later East Pakistan became a third country,
Bangladesh. India and Pakistan have had strained
relations over the years including both countries The Lotus Temple
testing nuclear weapons.

India does have significant problems including


poverty, corruption, and overpopulation. However, the country has recently seen strong economic and
technology development.

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