Wide Information Strategy Planning

 The fundamental objective of Information Strategy Planning (ISP) is to develop a plan

for implementing business systems to support business needs

 Strategic information planning is the process of identifying a portfolio of computer-

based applications. It is a critical undertaking for both information managers and other
managers. Organizations typically carry out a multi-step process to create a strategic
information plan.

Software Development Life Cycle

 Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process used by the software industry
to design, develop and test high quality softwares. The SDLC aims to produce a high-
quality software that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion
within times and cost estimates.

 SDLC is a process followed for a software project, within a software organization. It

consists of a detailed plan describing how to develop, maintain, replace and alter or
enhance specific software. The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the
quality of software and the overall development process

Waterfall model (The most common model)

1. Requirements Analysis

In this phase, all requirements of the project are analysed and documented in a
specification document and a feasibility analysis is done to check if these requirements are
valid. It is essential to consider any limitations and constraints (e.g. time, budget constraints)
which can affect the development process. After thorough analysis, a Requirements
Understanding Documents (RUD) is created.

2. System Design

In this phase, the system design is prepared which specifies hardware and system
requirements, such as data layers, programming languages, network infrastructure, user
interface etc. It helps define the overall system architecture, which is further divided into:

a) High-level design phase

This is the first stage of system design and architecture. It includes a list and
functionality of modules, correlation between these modules, architecture diagrams, and
database tables. This phase ends with the creation of a High-level Design document.
b) Low-level design phase

This involves designing actual software components. The High-level Design created
in the previous phase is disintegrated into separate modules. The Low-level Design
document describes each module (pseudo-code), which enables the programmer to code
directly from the document. It also contains interface details, error-message listings,
dependency issues, inputs and outputs for each module.

3. Implementation

As the name implies, in this phase the source code is written as per requirements. The
physical design specifications are turned into a working code. The system is developed in
small programs called units, after which these units are integrated. Sometimes, functionality
of each unit is tested before integration, which is called Unit Testing.

4. Testing

The code is then handed over to the testing team. Testers check the program for all
possible defects, by running test cases either manually or by automation. The client is
involved in the testing phase as well, in order to ensure all requirements are met. All Flaws
and bugs detected during this phase are fixed to ensure Quality Assurance.

5. Deployment

In this phase, the software is deployed into a live environment (client’s server) in order
to test its performance. Once the software is deployed, it becomes available to end-users.
Sometimes, this phase also includes training of real-time users to communicate benefits of
the system.

6. Maintenance

After the deployment phase, the next step is to provide support and maintenance for
the software, making sure it runs smoothly. If the client and users come across
errors/defects/bugs during use, fixing them is the main purpose of this stage.
Different System Development Approaches

1.) Structured analysis

It is a systematic approach, which uses graphical tools that analyze and refine the
objectives of an existing system and develop a new system specification which can be easily
understandable by user. It has following attributes − • It is graphic which specifies the
presentation of application
2.) Information Engineering
Information Engineering is an approach to planning, generating, distributing,
analyzing, and using collections of data in systems to facilitate decision making and business
communication.
3.) Object-oriented analysis and design
Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) is a technical approach for analyzing and
designing an application, system, or business by applying object-oriented programming, as
well as using visual modeling throughout the software development process to guide
stakeholder communication and product quality.
OOAD in modern software engineering is typically conducted in an iterative and
incremental way. The outputs of OOAD activities are analysis models (for OOA) and design
models (for OOD) respectively. The intention is for these to be continuously refined and
evolved, driven by key factors like risks and business value.
Analysis of Goals and Problems
Analysis of Goals:
There are clearly three levels of goals in the goal tree:

 Overall Goals - Top-level objectives to which the project contributes (they will not be
achieved only with the implementation of this project);
 Project Purpose - The goal that will be achieved with the implementation of the project;
 Results - a direct product of the activities undertaken within the project.

Analysis of Problems:

Problem analysis is a series of steps for identifying problems, analyzing them, and
developing solutions to address them. It's an inquiry or investigation into the causes of an
error, failure, or unexpected incident

Analysis considerations:

1.) High-priority problems

Each high-priority problem is subjected to a more detailed analysis to identify related

problems. The result is a list of existing (not future or potential) problems associated with
each priority issue.

It should be borne in mind that the problem is not a lack of solution, but an existing
negative state. Further information on a more detailed analysis of the issues can be gathered
through interviews, stakeholder discussions, and direct observations.

2.) Determining the interconnections between problems

Determining the interconnections between problems is done using the analytical

technique tree of problems to establish the cause-effect relationship.

The analysis is presented in the form of a diagram, which at the top shows the
effect/consequence of a particular problem, and at the bottom - the conditions that cause it.
The analysis aims to identify the real obstacles that participants prioritize and try to overcome
Critical Success factor

Cycle:

Factors:
Technology Impact Analysis

Implementing technology as a core business strategy helps you direct resources

toward security upgrades and training, as well as disaster planning and recovery. It allows
you to develop security strategies for employees at all levels, across every department.
Enhancement.

3 Ways Technology is Improving Strategic Planning

1. Accelerated Communication
2. Faster Goals
3. Customizable Dashboards for the Whole Team

Advantages of technology in Industries

1. Choose targeted technology solutions

2. Boost organizational productivity
3. Enhance collaboration
4. Set long-term goals and objectives
5. Improve security
Strategy Systems Vision

A strategic vision statement supports the mission statement but is more tangible.
It describes an achievable future state of an organization, exact timelines may vary. This
statement should help you and your employees visualize where the organization is headed.

1.) Define your vision

An organization’s vision statement is an aspirational description of what it wants to achieve in
the future.

2.) Create your mission

While your vision is an organization-wide goal, your mission how you plan to achieve the vision.

3.) Set your objectives

Objectives are specific results that a person or system aims to achieve within a time frame.

4.) Develop your strategy

Your strategy is a long-term plan that enables you to achieve your organization’s objectives.

5.) Outline your approach

An approach provides a methodology for executing your strategy.

6.) Get down to tactics

Tactics are focused initiatives, projects, or programs that allow organizations to execute a strategic
plan.

Prepared By:
 Aves J.
 Bardelas D.
 Uy-Oco A.