Lesson 1 Revision of tenses 2

Lesson 2 Present tenses (Simple, Cont, St. verbs) 3

Lesson 3 Past tenses (Simple, Perfect, Perfect C) 4

Lesson 4 Past tenses 2 (Cont, Perfect, Perfect C) 5

Lesson 5 Future forms 1 6

Lesson 6 Future forms 2 7

Lesson 7 Passive: Continuous 8

Lesson 8 Passive: Perfect 9

Lesson 9 Passive mix 10

Lesson 10 Conditionals part 1 11

Lesson 11 Conditionals part 2 12

Lesson 12 Other conditional forms 13

Lesson 13 Reported speech part 1 14

Lesson 14 Reported speech/embedded questions 15

Lesson 15 Gerunds/infinitives 16

Lesson 16 Modals in the past 18

Lesson 17 Phrasal verbs 19

Lesson 18 Prepositional phrases 20

Lesson 19 Idioms 22

Dictionary 23
 Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
1) It's happening now An action that started in An action started in the
A regular action 2) Talking about plans the past and finished by past, but
3) Annoying habit current moment continues till now

V (s) am/is/are + V ing have/has + V3

PRESENT

have/has + been + V ing

+ He speaks English + He is sleeping + He has bought a car + He has been practising

- He doesn’t speak English - He is not sleeping - He hasn’t bought a car - He hasn’t been practising
? Does he speak English ? Is he sleeping ? Has he bought a car ? Has he been practising

Always | usually Now | at the moment | For 2 hours | for a long

Already | just | never |
sometimes | every day at 5 o'clock | next week | time | since that time | all
ever | since | for | yet
from time to time today month

An action finished 1) A long action in An action that An action started in the

the past at a particular happened before past and continued up
at a specific moment another action in the till another action in the
time in the past 2) Annoying habit in the past past past

V ed/V2 was/were + V ing had + V3 had+ been+ V ing

PAST

+ He spoke English + He was sleeping + He had bought a car + He had been practising
- He didn’t speak English - He wasn’t sleeping - He hadn’t bought a car - He hadn’t been practising
? Did he speak English ? Was he sleeping ? Had he bought a car ? Had he been practising

Last week | yesterday | At 5 o'clock yesterday | By last year | before | For | since | till/until |
month ago | long time ago | while | when | at that | after | by 3 o'clock | before | after | by the
in 1990 moment yesterday time

A long action at a An action that will be A long action

An action that will happen
particular moment completed by a before some
in the future
in the future particular moment point in the future

will+ V1 will be + V ing

FUTURE

will+ have+ V3 will + have + been +V ing

+ He will speak English + He will be sleeping + He will have bought + He will have been practising
- He won’t speak English - He won’t be sleeping - He won’t have bought - He won’t have been practising
? Will he speak English ? Will he be sleeping ? Will he have bought ? Will he have been practising

Tomorrow | next summer | At 5 o'clock tomorrow | By next year | before |

For a few months | for 2
in 2 hours | the day after for 2 hours | while | at | after | by 3 o'clock
weeks | till next year
tomorrow that moment tomorrow

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 Present Simple Present Continuous
(V (s)) (am/is/are + V ing)
The Present Simple is used in such cases: The Present Continuous is used in such cases:

Use 1: repeated actions (a habit, a hobby, a Use 1: for activities which are in progress at the
daily event) moment
- He goes to work every day. - I'm waiting for you.
- She cleans her flat at the weekend. - He's still sleeping.
- I go to English class every Monday.

Use 2: Facts and general truths Use 2: for appointed plans

- Children grow quickly. - I'm meeting Jeff after my classes.
- It snows in Alaska. - Mary is coming back on Tuesday.
- The sun sets in the west.

Use 3: Timetables/programmes (future Use 3: when something is in progress this week,

meaning) month, year:
- The new show airs on Sunday. - Claire is taking Chinese courses this year.
- The ferry arrives at 10 a.m. - John is visiting the dentist this month.

Use 4: State verbs Use 4: with some state verbs which mean actions
- An orange tastes awesome. - The chef is tasting the dish now.

Use 5: Narrations, instructions, commentaries Use 5: for showing annoyance (with words "always"
- A man goes to the doctor and says: “I have or "constantly")
trouble falling asleep...” (e.g. narration: to tell a - He's always wearing this suit. I'm tired of it!
joke) - Irina is constantly complaining about her boss!
- First you install the programme (e.g. instruction)
- Ronaldo takes the ball and scores!
(e.g. commentary) Use 6: with 2 or more actions which are
happening at the same time
Use 6: Headlines in newspapers or magazines - The sun is shining and the birds are singing, while
- The President decides to get married. I'm lying on the beach.
- A black lady gives birth to a white child!
Use 7: for changing situations:
- It's getting colder.
- You're getting drunk.
NOTA BENE

STATE VERBS EXAMPLE

We’re having delicious
I have a car.
Appearance: appear, resemble, seem barbecue now.
Composition: consist of, contain, have
I’m smelling a new
Connection: come from, concern, cost, fit, suit This cake smells tasty.
perfume.
Existence: be, exist
Knowledge: forget, know, realize, understand I’m seeing the dentist
I (can) see you.
Likes and dislikes: dislike, hate, like, love, prefer tomorrow.
Needs and wants: need, want, wish
Your Mexican food tastes We’re tasting a new
Opinion: believe, doubt, imagine, suppose, think good. dessert now.
Possession: belong to, have, own, owe, possess
Senses: feel, hear, notice, see, smell, sound, taste He looks good in this We’re looking at him
shirt. because he looks good.

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 Past Simple Present Perfect
(ed/V2) (have/has + V3)
We use the Past Simple in such cases: We use the Present Perfect in such cases:

Use 1: for repeated actions or past habits Use 1: for an action happened at an
- I bought the newspaper every morning. unspecified time before now
- I liked to dance ballet when I was a little boy. - I've been to London three times.
- We went to the zoo a long time ago. - My friend has changed his location ten times.

Use 2:with a series of completed actions in the past Use 2: for periods of time which have not
- I went to McDonalds, ate my meal, and then I finished yet
went to the cinema with my girlfriend. - I haven't seen his new baby yet.
- We've already visited three states in the USA.
Use 3: with a period of time which has finished (We're still there)
- I played baseball this morning. (It's evening now) - Jeff has done a lot today. (It is still today)
- We went to school in the afternoon. (It's night
now) Use 3: when the result is obvious now
- Look, you've broken my new TV!
Use 4: with short actions using "when" - Oh God, she's gotten so fat!
- I got up when my mom yelled at me. - The cook has put too much salt in this meal.
- When we called Sally, she didn't pick up her
phone. Use 4: to talk about the change that has
- I saw Peter when he broke his phone. happened over a period of time
- You've lost weight since I saw you the last time.
- She's divorced twice since we last met.

Use 5: for accomplishments of individuals and

humanity
- Kristen has received her degree in Biology.
Present Perfect Continuous
Used to
(have/has + been + V ing)
To describe past habits which are not present To describe an action which continues up to
anymore we also use “used to”: the present:
+We used to play basketball in the yard when we - We've been choosing a present for Mary all day
were kids. and we still can't decide what to get. (till now)
- We didn’t use to play basketball in the yard … - Oh God, you look exhausted! - I’ve been running
? Did we use to play basketball in the yard … around the city all day! (till now)

NOTA BENE

The difference between the Past Simple and the Present Perfect:
The Present Perfect expresses the idea that something has happened by now and has links with the
present. The Past Simple expresses the idea of an action which happened some time ago and doesn't
have any connection with the present moment.
They liked to travel with their parents as they were children. (but not now)
They have travelled a lot for the past couple of years. (till now)
Bill didn't ride a horse last year. (last year is over)
Bill hasn't ridden a horse yet. (never tried, but he still can)
Bill has been riding a horse all day. (he’s still riding)

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 Past Continuous Past Perfect
(was/were + V ing) (had + V3)
We use the Past Continuous in such cases: We use the Past Perfect in such cases:

Use 1: when both actions were happening at Use 1: for completed actions before the
the same time moment in the past:
- I was working while they were eating. - Mary had done a lot by 7 p.m. yesterday.
- She was singing a song while I was waiting for - This movie had already become old by that time.
him.
- Sam was having a party while Ann was waiting Use 2: for completed actions before other
for his call. actions in the past
- I had bought a nice laptop before you gave me
Use 2: when a longer action in the past was your old one.
interrupted: - After she had finished her work we picked her up.
- She was cooking a dinner when he came.
- You were sleeping when I spoke to you. Use 3: with series of actions before the moment
- She was dancing when I saw her. in the past
- Before Adam moved to a new house he had got
Use 3: with a particular moment in the past married, had changed his job and had earned a lot
- I was preparing for my exam at midnight. of money.
- Chet was having a lection at 5 yesterday.

Use 4: for annoying habits in the past

- As a kid Jane was always teasing me.
- As I remember her, she was always eating.

Use 5: with temporary situations in the past

- At that time I was studying at school.
- She was planning to enter the college.

Use 6: for background information in a story Past Perfect Continuous

- It was raining hard and people were getting home (had + been + V ing)
after work.
We use this tense to describe actions which
Use 7: for changing and developing situations lasted for some time and happened before
in the past: another action / moment in the past:
- I was getting angry with my internet so I decided - Gary had been moving all his life until he found
to change it soon. his perfect place to live.
- Ben was getting fatter and fatter, nobody could - He had been struggling for 2 hours with this
control it. game before he finally won.

NOTA BENE: The Past Perfect emphasizes completion (or the result of a completed action) while the
Past Perfect Continuous emphasizes the duration or activity of an action.

Jeff had been surfing the internet until he realized it's time to sleep. (not
completed action)
He had done a lot before he went to bed. (completed action)
Mike had been working for five years before the new boss came. (emphasize
on duration)
Mike had progressed in his career before the new boss came. (completed
action)

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 Present | Future Simple Present | Future Continuous

We use the Present Simple for schedules: We use the Present Continuous for planned or
- The boat arrives at 7.15 p.m. personally scheduled events:
- The plane lands at half past ten. - We're having a party tomorrow at 7 o'clock.
- She is meeting her lawyer after work.
We use the Future Simple in such cases:
Use 1: with actions that will happen in future We use the Future Continuous in such cases:
- I will send you a message tomorrow.
Use 1: with a future action in a progress
- They will arrive in 2 hours.
- I'll be sleeping all day tomorrow.
Use 2: with an immediate decision - Gary will be playing cards all evening tonight.
- It’s so cold here, I will close the window.
- Wait a second, I will call him and tell the news. Use 2: with an action that will be happening at
a particular moment in the future
Use 3: for predictions about the future, based - Kate will be cleaning her flat at 2 p.m.
on what we think (after verbs: think, believe, - Mike will be searching the internet at this time
expect, suppose, hope etc.; expressions: I’m tomorrow.
sure, I’m afraid etc.; adverbs: probably,
certainly, perhaps etc.): Use 3: with an action that will happen because
- I think he’ll come in time. it's regular or decided
- He will probably call you later. - We'll be seeing John tomorrow as usually and will
Use 4: for making promises thank him for the present.
- I'll pick you up, don't worry.
- Will you marry me?
Use 5: in combination with time clauses
- When I arrive I will give you a call.
- She will make you a sandwich after you clean your
room.
To be going to To be | due to | about to

“To be going to” is used with a personal With official order or arrangement we use
intention: to be + infinitive:
- I'm going to go out tonight. - We're to start the ceremony tonight.
- My friends are going to move soon. - He's to be given a bonus.
- Ben is going to study French sometime. -You're to stay here until you apologize.
For future predictions based on physical With a short time we use due to or about to:
(usually visual) evidence: - Sonya is about to cry, she's very disappointed.
- Look! The clouds are grey. It is going to be rain. - I'll call you back, I'm about to leave my home.
- Be careful! You're going to spill your tea on my - We're due to meet in 30 minutes.
new laptop!

NOTA BENE
We don't use will after time clauses as when, as soon as, before...
When + will Example: When I will see you - incorrect! When I see you I will give you a present.
- correct
In conditional clauses we use will in second clause without if:
If + will
Example: If he will come - incorrect! If he comes we will be very glad. - correct
In this case will means to be willing to:
Will = please
Example: If you will hold my bag, I can open the door. (Can you hold my bag, please?)

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 Future Continuous Future Perfect
(will+ be + V ing) (will + have + V 3)
We use the Future Continuous in such cases: We use the Future Perfect in such cases:
Use 1: for an activity which will happen during Use 1: with an event which will happen before
some period of time in the future a specified time in the future
- We'll be studying here for six months. - I'll have finished doing my homework by the time
- Jane will be cleaning her room all day. you come back home.
- Mike will be playing games while you'll be - Jack will have lost his job by the end of this week.
cooking dinner.

Use 2: with an action at some particular Use 2: for continuing situations up to a certain
moment in progress in the future time
- Don't call me at this time. I'll be taking a nap. - This time next year I'll have worked here for 10
- We'll be playing baseball when you finish work. years.
- I'll be sunbathing in the Maldives when you call - By 2050 Gary and Mary will have been married
me. for 50 years!

Use 3: for actions which will happen because We use the Future Perfect Continuous
they are decided (will + have + been + V ing)
- I'll be doing yoga tomorrow at the same time. in the same situations, but when we want to
- Sam will be visiting her dance class all year. emphasize the duration:
- Karen will be visiting the hairdresser next - By 2050 Mary and Gary will have been living
Tuesday as usually. together for 50 years.
- This time next year I'll have been working here for
Use 4: for habits or repeated actions in the 10 years.
future - I'll have been teaching for twenty years this
- I think more and more people will be doing summer.
internet shopping in the future.
- Sally will be studying more and more every year.
- Children will be getting fatter eating fast food all
the time.
NOTA BENE!
With time words such as “when, as soon as,
once, after” we use the Present Perfect
(Continuous):
- I'll give you a pay raise as soon as you have
proved that you're a hard-worker.
- I won't give you a pay raise until you've been
working here for two years.
- When you have finished your report, I'll let you go.

We'll be doing laundry at the same time tomorrow. (Future Continuous)

He'll be working tomorrow anyway, so don't even invite him out. (Future Cont.)
Sam will have repaired his car by the time we cook a dinner. (Future Perfect)
We'll have been married for ten years by 2020. (Future Perfect)

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 Present Continuous Passive Past Continuous Passive
(am/is/are + being + V 3) (was/were + being + V 3)

We use the Present Continuous Passive if we We use the Past Continuous Passive if we want
want to say that the action is done at the to say that the action was in progress in the
moment. past. Moreover, the stress is on the action, not
on the doer of the action.
- The skyscraper is being built at the moment. –
- The programme is being developed now. - The cathedral was being reconstructed for 10
years.
In this case it doesn’t matter who the doer of - 5 new films were being released during the
the action is. The stress is put on the action Cannes International Film Festival.
itself.

- The criminals are being chased right now. (It is

obvious that the police are following them).

-Is the actor being interviewed at the moment? (It is

obvious that the journalist is doing the action).

NOTA BENE!

There is no passive form of Future Continuous tense. If we want to speak about the action that
will be in progress in future we use either Future Simple Passive or Future Continuous Active:

Example: The street will be being cleaned at 5 a.m. - incorrect!

Variant 1: The street will be cleaned at 5 a.m. – correct (Future Simple Passive)
Variant 2: The workers will be cleaning the street at 5 a.m. – correct (Future Continuous Active)

Examples

Present Continuous

Active: I am cleaning the room at the moment

Passive: The room is being cleaned at the moment
Passive negation: The room is not being cleaned at the moment
Passive question: Is the room being cleaned at the moment?
Past Continuous

Active: I was cleaning the room from 5 to 6

Passive: The room was being cleaned from 5 to 6
Passive negation: The room was not being cleaned from 5 to 6
Passive question: Was the room being cleaned from 5 to 6?

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 Present Perfect Passive Past Perfect Passive
(have/has + been + V 3) (had + been + V 3)

We use the Present Perfect Passive if we want We use the Past Perfect Passive if we want to
to say that the action is completed by now. say that the action was completed before
another action / time in the past.
- The equipment has been promoted on TV and in
the internet recently. - All the doors had been closed by 10 p.m.
- They have just been spotted in the downtown. - The car had been stolen before I insured it.

In this case it doesn’t matter who the doer of

the action is. The stress is put on the action
itself.

- The project has not been improved yet. (It doesn’t

matter who must improve the project).

-Has the new medicine already been introduced to

the public?

Future Perfect Passive NOTA BENE!

(will have + been + V 3)

We use the Future Perfect Passive if we want There is no passive form of the Present Perfect
to say that the action will be completed before Continuous, the Past Perfect Continuous, the
some action / time in future. Future Perfect Continuous. Instead you should
use just simple Perfect passives.
- The book will have been advertised on radio and
in the internet before it appears in the shops. Example 1: The wall has been being painted
- The flowers will have been prepared by noon.
since Monday - incorrect!

The wall has been painted since Monday –

correct (Present Perfect Passive)

Example 2: The patient had been being checked

by noon - incorrect!

The patient had been checked by noon – correct

(Past Perfect Passive)

Example 3: The room will have been being

cleaned before we come - incorrect!

The room will have been cleaned before we come

– correct (Future Perfect Passive)

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 Usage of passive forms Passive forms
In passive sentences the subject is not the agent The Present Simple:
(doer) of the verb: Active: I help my mother.
Somebody stole my purse. (Active) Passive: My mother is helped by me.
My purse was stolen. (Passive)
The Past Simple:
Normally the doer is not included in a passive Active: I wrote this book.
sentence because it's not important: Passive: This book was written by me.
Several people were injured in the explosion.
The documents were lost. The Future Simple:
Active: We'll finish the project next week.
The passive is used with a -by phrase only if it's Passive: The project will be finished next week.
important who performs an action:
Othello was written by Shakespeare. The Present Continuous:
This picture was drawn by my grandfather. Active: I'm writing the report.
The pizza was delivered by the delivery man. Passive: The report is being written by me.

NOTA BENE: If we know who performs the The Past Continuous:

action we usually use the active: Active: We were opening the door.
Rose made such a wonderful house. Passive: The door was being opened by us.
Skipper gave me the nicest present!
The Present Perfect:
If we know with which tool the action is Active: I have done my work for today.
performed, we use preposition with. Passive: My work for today has been done.

He was killed with a knife. The Past Perfect:

The window was broken with a stone. Active: I had done my work before he came.
Passive: My work had been done before he came.
The passive infinitives are often used after
modal verbs: The Future Perfect:
It could be done by anyone. Active: I will have done my work.
He really should be given another opportunity. Passive: My work will have been done.

General statements: To be going to:

English can't be learnt without practice. Active: They are going to change the title soon.
The house can't be sold without his permission. Passive: The title is going to be changed soon.

To make the statement impersonal: Modal verbs:

This work can't be completed by this evening. Active: You must do homework tonight.
This request wasn't made by me. Passive: The homework must be done tonight.
The contract wasn't signed by any of us.

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 Conditional 0 Conditional 2
(If Present Simple, Present Simple) (If Past Simple, would + V1)

We use zero conditional to express general We use the second conditional to talk about
truth: unreal situations in future and present:
Water freezes if the temperature is 0. If I were taller, I would become a model.(But I'm not)
If you don't sleep enough, you feel tired all day. If he had money, he would go abroad.(But he doesn't)
If you want to travel abroad, you need an
international passport.
We use the structure if I were you to give
For habitual activities or repeated situations: advice:
If I don't have breakfast, I starve all morning. If I were you, I would change this hairdo.
If she is not ready, she skips the lessons. If I were you, I wouldn't move anywhere.
We get home late if we miss the bus. If I were you, I would get revenge.

After expressions suggesting doubts or

Conditional 1 uncertainty:
(If Present Simple, Future Simple) I would be surprised if he didn't marry her.
It would be strange if they forgot about our meeting.
We use the first conditional to express a It wouldn't be strange if they lost their key again.
possible/real situation in the present or future: I wouldn't be surprised if he was late again.
If I see him, I'll tell him hello.
If it rains outside, we won't go to the cinema. Nota bene:
If I miss my train, I'll give you a call. Notice that in unreal situations we say «if I were»
instead of «if I was»
Normally we don't use «if +will» together:
If it will rain we'll stay at home. - incorrect
If it rains we'll stay at home. - correct Conditional 3
If I'll see him I will ask his e-mail. - incorrect (If Past Perfect, would have + V3)
If I see him I'll ask his e-mail. - correct
To talk about unreal situations in the past:
If he hadn't ridden his bike, he wouldn't have
Exception: we use «if + will» with polite broken his arm that night. (but he rode and he
requests (= please): broke his arm)
If you'll help with my homework, I'll cook dinner for If you hadn't worked all night, you wouldn't have
you. overslept! (but you worked and that’s why
If she'll pick up our laundry, we'll be really thankful. overslept)
If you'll carry my bag, I'll walk quicker.

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 Conditional 2 Conditional 3
(If Past Simple, would + V1) (If Past Perfect, would have + V3)

We use the second conditional to talk about We use the third conditional to talk about unreal
unreal situations in the present/future: situations in the past:
If I knew her name, I would tell you. If you had asked for advice I would have helped you.
If he was here, he would help us. (But you didn't)
If I didn't know the answer, I would ask you. If we hadn't eaten so much, we wouldn't have been in
the clinic yesterday. (But we did)
The same structure can be used to make If she hadn't spent so much time to get ready we
suggestions in polite way: wouldn't have been late for the play. (But she did)
If you helped us, we would really appreciate it.
Would it be ok if you came a little bit later? We can use «could» and «might» instead of would:
Would it be possible to delay our meeting if we If he hadn't written so slowly, he could have sent this
were late? letter long time ago.
If they had run quicker, they would have won the
In conditional sentences very often we use competition.
«were» instead of «was»: If I hadn't been so tired, I might have realized this
If I were there, I would help you. mistake.
If she were rich, she would buy a new car.
If my cat were smarter, he wouldn't scratch my In the formal style, «if» can be dropped (in this
new furniture. case the order is changed):
Had I realized what you had intended to do, I would
In the second clause with unreal situations have prepared in advance.
we can use «could» and «might» instead of Had we revised for the exam, we would have passed it.
would:
If I had relatives abroad, I could move to them.
If we had wings, we could fly without buying
expensive flight tickets.
If you asked me nicely, I might get you a drink. Mixed Conditionals
If she sang a song in front of us, we might all
escape. Sometimes we make sentences which mix Second
and Third Conditionals, especially when the past
In formal and literary styles, «if» can be event has an effect in the present:
dropped (in this case the order is changed): If you hadn’t invited me, I wouldn’t have gone to the
Were the weather nice, we would meet you. party (= I went to the party – Third conditional)
Were she my daughter, I would punish her more. If you hadn’t invited me, I wouldn’t be here now.
(=I’m at the party now – Mixed Conditional)

There can be two variants of Mixed Conditionals:

1) 3+2 – action happened in past, but now we have the
result. E.g. If you had entered college 6 years ago,
you would be a teacher now. (= You didn’t enter and
you aren’t a teacher now)
2) 2+3 – action happened in the past and we can
change nothing in present. E.g. If I were richer I
would have bought that huge house last year(= I
didn’t buy the house because I am not rich in general)

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 If only I wish
used to say that we want things to be different used to describe our wishes
Present: I wish + Past Simple
I wish we weren't so tired today.
Present: If only + Past Simple We wish we were with you now.
If only I were richer. He wishes he were famous.
If only she were better looking.
If only we were in Spain now. Past: I wish + Past Perfect / modals in the past
I wish you had joined us yesterday.
Past: If only + Past Perfect, would have+v3 We wish he had finished his project last week.
If only she hadn't called me I wouldn't have had I wish we could have come earlier.
these problems.
If only we hadn't forgotten our tickets we would Future: would (from will), could (from can)
have had a nice trip. I wish I could meet you tomorrow.
He wishes he would go on a business trip instead of
Future: If only + would you.
If only she would smile.
NOTA BENE: With “I” we don’t use would (if
If only it would stop raining, we could go out.
we speak about future). Instead we use
If only I would go with you to the concert tonight.
“could”: I wish I could be in the Crimea tomorrow.
(I wish I would… - incorrect)

If so Unless...

After «if», we can use «not» or «so» in order We use the structure «unless» to substitute
not to repeat the same clause: «if ... not», for example:
Are you hungry? If so, the food is in the fridge. I will spend this Sunday alone unless you call me
Are you free tonight? If so, you can come to me. and invite me out.
I might see you tonight, if not we can meet You wouldn't believe it unless you saw it.
tomorrow. You will fail your exam unless you prepare well for
We should have a vacation soon, if not we should it.
talk to our boss.

If… then As long as

We use the construction «if ...then» to
emphasize that one thing depends on another: Some words can be used in the same meaning
If he doesn't want to quit his job, then we should as «if», for example «as long as», «imagine»,
talk to him about it. «suppose that... »
If she can't clean up her flat, then we should do it As long as you don't tease this dog it won't bite you.
for her. You're welcome to stay with us as long as you share
the expenses.
If (= in case) Imagine you could fly, where would you go?
We can use «if» in meaning «in case»: Imagine I were your boss, would you like it?
If you want to go home, your key is on the coffee Suppose that you forgot your office key, what would
table. you do?
There is a peanut butter sandwich if you're hungry. Supposing you had missed the train, what would
I'll pick you up if there is no bus. you have done?

englishoffice.com.ua 13
 Reported speech Structure of sentence
If we want to report what other people said, Present - Past:
thought, or felt, we can use the direct and Direct: "I never understand you," she told me.
indirect speech (reported speech): Reported: She told me she never understood me.
The direct speech: "I like it," he said. "Irene is
late," he thought. "I will pass the exam," she Present perfect - Past perfect:
hoped. Direct: Jill said, "I have been to Paris."
The reported speech: He said he liked it. He Reported: Jill said she had been to Paris.
thought that Irene was late. She hoped she would
pass the exam. Past - Past perfect:
Direct: "She went to Rome," I thought.
Reported speech is typically introduced by Reported: I thought that she had gone to Rome.
verbs such as «say, tell, admit, complain,
explain, remind, reply, think, hope, offer, Will - Would:
refuse» etc. in the Past Simple: Direct: "I will come on Sunday," he reminded me.
He said (that) he didn't want it. Reported: He reminded me that he would come on
She explained that she didn't like this movie. Sunday.
He admitted that he wasn't the best painter.
Can – Could:
I hoped (that) he would join us.
Direct: "You can come later," she told us.
She refused (that) it was her idea.
Reported: She told us that we could come later.
Time and Place
May - Might:
Direct Reported Direct: "I may write to him," she promised.
Here There Reported: She promised that she might write to him.
Ago Before
Before Earlier Must – Had to:
Last week The week before Direct: "We must pay extra fee" she explained.
Next week The next week; the week after;
Reported: She explained us that we had to pay extra
the following week
fee.
Now Then; that day; at the moment
Should – Should:
This That
These Those
Direct: "You should take that medicine," she told us.
That That Reported: She told me that I should take that
This morning That morning medicine.
Today That day
Tomorrow The next day; the following day After would rather, had better, it is time:
Tonight That night Direct: Matt: "I would rather fly."
Yesterday The day before; the previous Reported: Matt said he would rather fly.
day
Direct: Betty: "They had better go."
Reported: Betty said they had better go.

Direct: Paul: "It is time I got up."

Reported: Paul said it was time he got up.

NOTA BENE
For general truths, we don't change the tense:
Emma: "People in Africa are starving."
Emma said that people in Africa are starving.

When the speech is made and reported at the same time and the fact is still true.
Michael: "I am thirsty."
Michael said he is thirsty.

englishoffice.com.ua 14
 Reported questions Reported + embedded questions

«If» used very often in indirect questions. We Instead of "if" in reported speech we can use
report questions using words like «ask, want to "whether"(more in formal English):
know, wonder, require». In reported questions He asked me if I liked his new perfume.
we don't use question marks or question He asked me whether I liked his perfume. (or not)
structure: She wanted to know if I was interested in this job.
He asked me do I want to join him? - Incorrect! Tom asked whether we were staying in a hotel or at
He asked me if I wanted to join him. - Correct his place.
Examples: I wonder whether he needs help.
Direct: "Do you want to play darts tonight?" Josh I'm curious whether she'll come or not.
asked me.
Reported: Josh asked me if I wanted to play darts. Reported speech can be often used with
question words such as when, why, what, who…
"When can you come over?"- Sam wondered.
We change the second part according to the Sam wondered when we could come over.
rules of reported speech: "Why didn't Diana pass her exam?" - I don't know
Direct: "What time did the match start?" He asked. why Diana didn't pass her exam.
(The Past Simple) "Who was at the lecture yesterday?" -
Reported: He asked what time the match had I have no idea who was present at the lecture
started. yesterday.
(The Past Perfect) Notice! The order is the same as other reported
Direct: "Do you need help?" He asked me. sentences. "I don't know why Diana didn't pass her
Reported: He asked me if I needed help. exam.
I don't know why didn't she pass her exam? -
Incorrect!

NOTA BENE
Some questions start with «Can you tell me? Do you know? Could you tell me?»…
They are called embedded questions. The structure is the same as in reported
questions:
Can you tell me when she leaves?
Can you tell me when does she leave?
Notice! We put a question mark in the end!
In some cases it's possible to use the Past Simple instead of the Past Perfect:
Did you like his car?" he asked me.
He asked me if I liked his car. (We don't say had liked!)
Sometimes we can use "will" instead of "would" when the situation is still
present:
"Will she come?" he wondered.
He wondered if she'll come. (We're still waiting for her)

englishoffice.com.ua 15
 Infinitives Gerunds (-ing form)

We use infinitives: We use gerunds:

1) with two verbs together 1) as the subject of the sentence

He likes to watch Indian dances. Swimming is the best way to relax.
We want to visit the Alps this year. Drinking is not the best way to get rid of stress.

2) to express purpose, meaning "in order to" 2) as the object of the sentence
We woke up early (in order to) to catch the early I enjoy swimming.
train. I don't like drinking in public places.
She quit her job to move abroad.
Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the
3) in negative combinations, not is used before subject or object of a sentence:
the verb Eating is important for everybody.
Try not to smoke so much. To eat is necessary for everybody.
We must not forget to do it. Walking is healthy for people.
To walk is healthy for everybody.
4) as the subject of the sentence
It's nice to talk to you. 3) after certain verbs
To travel to New York takes four hours. I adore to sleeping on the weekend.
He hates to working on Sunday.
5) as an object of the sentence We enjoy to going to the theatre every Sunday.
I don't want to talk.
She likes to sleep a lot.
With gerunds we can put an object between
two verbs:
6) in progress with continuing events
I don't like people gossiping.
It's nice to be sitting here.
We don't understand students skipping their
It's unusual to be working all day.
lessons.
7) in Perfect form in the same meaning as
Perfect tense 4) after prepositions
It's nice to have work done. (It's nice that I've Please have a drink before leaving.
finished) Tara always dreams about going on holiday.
I'm sorry not to have sent this letter. (I'm sorry I
haven't sent it). 4) after adjectives
He is good at playing football.
8) Passive infinitives are used with the same She is afraid of swimming.
meaning as other passive forms
There is a lot of work to be done. Many verbs can be used with either the
The window must be repaired. infinitive or gerund form (like, start, forget...)
I like to visit my family.
A split infinitive is a structure where "to" is I like visiting my family.
separated from a verb by adverbs: He always starts to play.
I want to really understand you. He always starts playing.
You need to thoroughly read this article.
Notice! I really want to understand you. - Correct
too

englishoffice.com.ua 16
 Verbs followed by infinitives Verbs followed by gerund

verbs examples verbs examples

afford afford to buy admit admit not working

agree agree to do that adore adore swimming
appear appear to be happy appreciate appreciate helping (help)
arrange arrange to meet avoid avoid checking
ask ask to go with me can't stand can't stand lying
care care to join confess confess stealing
choose choose to come back consider consider continuing studies
come come to see delay delay working
decide decide to finish deny deny cheating
demand demand to pay enjoy enjoy travelling
deserve deserve to get fancy fancy watching TV
determine determine to follow finish finish working
expect expect to see forgive forgive you losing money
get sb get him to resign imagine imagine flying
guarantee guarantee to work involve involve working
help help to wash keep keep reading
hope hope to win mention mention meeting
hurry hurry to get mind don’t mind cleaning
learn learn to walk miss miss travelling
manage manage to teach postpone postpone working
need need to study practice practice saying
offer offer to drink quit quit smoking
promise promise to come recommend recommend sleeping
refuse refuse to answer report report watching
seem seem to finish resent resent drinking
tend tend to work hard risk risk driving
want want to watch suggest suggest walking
wish wish to become understand understand painting

Verbs used with both gerunds and

Verbs plus a preposition followed by a gerund
infinitives
apologize for
prefer
advise complain about
start
allow dream of / about
try
attempt insist on
intend
begin look forward to
plan
continue object to
regret
hate participate in
forget*
like / dislike take part in
remember*
love think of / about
stop*
win by
*These verbs can be followed by infinitive and gerund with the change of meaning!
FORGET: I forgot putting petrol in car this morning. (= not recall: I put petrol, then I forgot that I had done it)
I forgot to put petrol. (= not remember: I didn’t do that, the tank is empty)
REMEMBER:
I can’t remember turning off gas this morning. (=recall: I cannot recall the act of turning off the gas)
Do you remember to take the child from the kindergarten? (=not forget: Don’t forget to do that)
STOP: He stopped smoking 2 years ago. (= He doesn’t have this habit anymore)
He stopped to smoke in order to calm down before the meeting. (= He stopped all the activities
and started to smoke because he was nervous)
englishoffice.com.ua 17
 Modals in the past should have + v3

This past modal form usually requires only a To express expectation or regret we use
"should have" + V3:
simple word change into the past:
He should have called you. (Expectation)
I can drive. (Present)
I should have thought about it before. (Regret)
I could drive when I was 16. (Past) She should have remembered to pay me. (Regret)
I have to go to California. (Present)
may have + v3
I had to go to California. (Past)
You must do the washing up. (Present)
To express uncertainty in the past we use
You had to do the washing up. (Past) "may have", "might have" + V3:
We are able to read Spanish. (Present)
He may have been late, because I didn’t see him.
We were able to read Spanish 5 years ago. (Past) He may not have found out about his test results yet.
She might have forgotten about your birthday.
He may have bought a new car.
She might have cleaned here.

could have + v3 must have + v3

The structure "could have" + V3 is used: To express certainty we use "must have"+ V3:
Use 1: to express a possibility which did not He must have lost his wallet because he asked me to
happen lend him some money for the bus.
I could have called you, but I was busy. She must have been angry at you because she didn’t
He could have picked you up, but he forgot. call you back.
I could have taken that job, but I didn’t. He must have overslept because he’s not here yet.
Jane could have sent the mail, but she’s very absent-
minded today.
To express certainty in negative sentences we
I couldn’t have finished this report even if I tried. don’t use "mustn’t have"+ V. Instead we use
"can’t have"+ V:
Nota Bene: In this case instead of could we can
Sarah didn’t say hello to me at party. She can’t have
use might.
I could / might have taken that job, but I didn’t. recognized me.

Use 2: with comparative adjectives Needn’t have + v3

It couldn’t have been a better day; I enjoyed it!
I couldn’t have asked for better present; it was the With unnecessary actions that were not done,
nicest one. we say "didn’t need to":
I couldn't have asked for better weather on my I didn’t need to cash my check. I had enough money
wedding day. to pay the bill.
We didn’t need to call him. He arrived before us.
Mark didn’t need to arrange our meeting.

To express an unnecessary action that was

actually done we use "needn’t have" + V3:
We needn’t have sent the money. (but we did)
I needn’t have called him yesterday.
She needn’t have picked me up from school.

englishoffice.com.ua 18
 Phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs

A phrasal verb is a verb plus a preposition or Some phrasal verbs are intransitive. An
adverb which creates a meaning different from intransitive verb cannot be followed by an
the original verb: object:
He got back very quickly.
get to bring or fetch something He showed up at the party late.
I woke up at 8 today.
get up to leave bed after sleeping We ran away suddenly.
get on (with) to enter a vehicle; to behave in a
friendly way with somebody Some phrasal verbs are transitive. A transitive
example: brother gets on with sister verb can be followed by an object:
get off to leave a vehicle I figured it out. (I understood it)
He got rid of this stupid habit.
to visit many places
We really get on with each other.
get around
example: He’s always travelling to I made up the story.
different places. He really gets
around. Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable.
The object is placed between the verb and the
get back to return; to recover preposition:
I finally figured this problem out.
get by survive financially, in a difficult I’ll let you in later.
situation I’ll calm her down before you come back.
I need to look her phone number up.
get in to go inside a car; to arrive; to enter a I’ll call you back later.
place
example: We got in the taxi.
Some transitive phrasal verbs are inseparable:
get out of avoid doing something I’ll get rid of him tomorrow. (Not get rid him of)
example: many people in our country They got into the bus 5 minutes ago. (Not get the
get out of paying taxes bus into)
I ran into her yesterday. (I met her unexpectedly)
get rid of to relieve or free oneself of smth I’m looking into the problem.
example: You need to get rid of
playing poker. Although many phrasal verbs can take an
get across make something understood object in both places:
example: I can't get my message I figured out the problem.
across to the students, they seem very I figured the problem out.
tired today. I looked up her number.
I looked her number up.
calm down become calm / less agitated I checked out of the hotel.
catch on develop understanding or knowledge I checked the hotel out.
of something
example: Jeff told a joke but it took a It’s different with pronouns. We don’t put
long time until Leo caught on. them in the end:
check in register for / at a hotel, conference, etc. I looked up it. - Incorrect!
check out follow procedures for leaving (hotel...) I looked it up. - Correct
cheer up help someone feel less worried I checked out it. - Incorrect!
come across to find unexpectedly I checked it out. - Correct
example: If I come across your book, We cheered him up at the party.
I’ll let you know. She crossed it out from his workbook.
count on depend on I figured it out very quickly.
We’ll call you back.
cross out show that something written is wrong

englishoffice.com.ua 19
 prep verbs nouns
ask; forgive; beg; blame; pay; wait; admire; like; reason; reputation; respect; order;
punish; apologize; account; care; search responsibility; excuse; demand; cheque;
for
right; recipe; search

example: I apologize for my behaviour. example: Working is a good excuse for

He's blamed for being too rude. leaving home. He has demand for money.
begin; provide; compare; agree; deal; cope; relationship; trouble; contract;
sympathize; collide; argue agreement; harmony; difficulty
with
example: They provide families with housing. example: We have a trouble with our
I agree with you – you are absolutely right. children.
consist; remind; accuse; take care; smell, dream, price; cost; opinion; example; cause;
approve; think; die; taste; hear hope; idea; lack; map; description;
advantage; photograph
of
example: I've just thought of a new idea. Please take example: The price of these shoes is
care of yourself on holiday. I've never heard of him. incredible. She has lack of patience.
decide; congratulate; agree; concentrate; depend; tax; advice; expert; talk; book; attack;
insist; rely; count; bet; spend money/time;
on
example: We agreed on the price. I spent all my example: The tax on rent is rather high. He's
money on books as a student. an expert on math.
refer; say; speak, shout, apply, go, listen, belong; alternative; reply; solution; reaction;
adapt; add; adjust; admit; explain; prefer; look objection; damage; thanks; attitude;
to forward invitation; addiction; devotion

example: She admitted to cheating on the test. They example: Finally we found a solution to
adjusted to their new environment. your problem. I need you reply to this.
arrive; look; shout; laugh; joke; stare at a good price; at short notice;
at your convenience; at a profit/loss
at
example: We usually arrive at the same time. Why are example: You can buy jewellery at a good
you staring at me? Don't laugh at me. price before the Christmas.
dream; know; forget; laugh; worry; quarrel; hear; debate; information; argument;
warn; think; argue hesitation; quarrel; discussion/opinion
about
example: The doctor warned her about smoking. I example: We had an argument about our
think about you all the time. Don't worry about me. duties. Let's have discussion about men.
come; stop; resign; recover; suffer; differ; borrow; phone call; departure; fall; protection;
protect; translate extract;
from
example: Where do you come from? - I come from example: I got a phone call from Olga last
England. He needs to recover from the stress. week. This extract is from the movie.
believe; succeed; involve; persist; include; arrive delay; increase; expert; failure; in
general; in a hurry; in debt; writing; in
advance
in
example: I believe in God. He's involved in this game.
Learning English. I persist in firing him. example: We'll tell you about the price in
advance.

englishoffice.com.ua 20
 prep adjectives phrases
pleased; disappointed; satisfied; bored; fed up; with the help of; with regret; with no
crowded; angry with sb; furious with sb; annoyed doubt; without hesitation
with with sb; delighted

example: He looked very pleased with his new

girlfriend. She's annoyed with his bad habits. We're
very bored with working on this project. I'm fed up
with these silly children!
exited; worried; upset; sorry; angry about smth; to be about; nowhere about; out and
furious about smth; serious; enthusiastic; about; to be all about
about doubtful; annoyed about smth; crazy;
disappointed

example: The Ministry was annoyed about criticism

in the paper. Why are you so angry about it?
be / feel sorry; be responsible/famous/suitable/ for fun; for fear; for pleasure; for the
appropriate moment; for sale; for a while; for now;
for the moment; forever; for short; for
for
example: I feel sorry for Kate's child. He's ill now. life; for luck; for better; for worse; for a
This salary is suitable for me. Fiona is famous for her change
pancakes. We're responsible for Tim since he's a new
worker here.
similar; married; nice; kind; good; (im)polite; to my surprise; to the point; to your
rude; (un)pleasant; (un)friendly; cruel; close; health; to some degree; to your
allergic advantage; to our amazement; to some
to
extent
example: She has always been very nice / kind to me;
I think Jack is very rude to his wife; We were cruel to
Sam when we suggested him to read more.
nice; kind; good; stupid; silly; intelligent; clever; by means of; out of order; out of mind;
sensible; (im)polite; rude; unreasonable; out of breath; out of money; out of time;
ashamed; capable; careful; certain out of control; out of the way; out of
of reach
example: Thank you it was very nice / kind of you to
help me. It was clever of you to bring a dictionary to
the conference. It's silly of her to hope that she'll avoid
a test.
surprised; shocked; amazed; astonished; satisfied by chance; by mistake; by accident;
by by the way; by hand; by e-mail; by
example: I was really shocked by his behaviour at the cheque; by no means; by bus/train; by
party. We're surprised by the news. He's astonished by example; day by day; by fax/phone; by
her new hairdo. I was amazed by this new thriller. the rules
interested; rich in pairs; in general; in conclusion; in
time; in cash; in addition; in danger; in
in example: He's interested in learning Spanish. Crimea favour of; in future; in other words; in
is rich in minerals. pencil; in haste

on my own; on condition that; on no account; on average; on foot; on duty; on the other hand;
on fire; on the floor; on holiday; on business trip; on purpose; on the left; on the right; on the
on phone; on the screen

from time to time; from place to place; from bad to worse; from my point of view; from
from morning to night; from now on

englishoffice.com.ua 21
 (with someone or something): to be out of patience
to be fed up with
example: I'm really fed up with his behaviour!
strange or suspicious
fishy
example: It was fishy when he said he was at work yesterday.
to fool around/hang around
to horse around
example: We spent two hours horsing around before he came.
to tell ridiculous stories
to pull someone's leg
example: Jack likes to pull our legs by making up these stories.
somebody very clumsy
all thumbs
example: I guess I'm all thumbs because I broke your new vase.
to disgust somebody
to turn someone off
example: His new haircut really turns me off.
to die
to kick the bucket
example: Her dad kicked the bucket very suddenly after the accident.
to feel so happy
to feel like a million dollars
example: I feel like a million dollars with this haircut!
to be extremely happy
to be on top of the world
example: Jane is on top of the world before her wedding.
to survive from salary to salary
to make ends meet
example: After Rose lost her job she barely makes ends meet.
the early bird catches the to get up really early in order to get a better place or thing
worm
to go Dutch when each person pays their expenses, usually on a date
to be very expensive
to cost an arm and a leg
example: This car cost me an arm and leg!
to get married
to tie the knot/get hitched
example: Sarah and Jim finally tied the knot this summer.
to drink like a fish to drink great quantities of alcohol
to be on the safe side to take extra precautions to reduce a possibility to make mistakes
a walking encyclopaedia someone who has a wide range of information about many subjects
favourite student of the teacher
teacher's pet
example: I've never been the teacher's pet because of my behaviour.
time to get back to the routine
blue Monday
example: I hate blue Mondays.
to go bust when a store or company has no money it goes out of business
golden key bribe; money will let a person do anything they want

A large sum of money given to an employee to encourage him (when he

golden parachute leaves his position)
example: Mike got a golden parachute and moved to Majorca with his wife.
to cook the book to make false or inaccurate entries to make profits look better
for very little money
for a song
example: I sold these books for a song.
to catch someone red-handed to find somebody doing something bad or criminal
wannabe a person who tries to be like someone else
to owe more money than you have
to be in the red
example: Rose is always in the red ever since she got divorced.
to give somebody a dirty look to look at someone in a disapproving way
to have butterflies in stomach to be nervous before an important event
to keep a straight face to look serious even if something is very funny
to be up to your neck in smth to be very busy doing something
on-off relationship relationship when people often break up and get back again
to be very interested in something
to be really into smth
example: Tom is really into computers.
to be very tired
to be washed out
example: I'm really washed out after this meeting.

englishoffice.com.ua 22
 1 Lesson 1 2 Lesson 2

to cover [kavə] покрывать to wrap [ræp] упаковывать

to release [rɪ'li:s] выпускать to appear [ə'pɪə] появляться
показывать по
to constitute составлять to air [ɛə] телевидению
to feature ['fi:ʧə] являться отличит.чертой to assume [ə'sju:m] полагать
stunt [stʌnt] трюк, фокус to concern иметь отношение

to hold [həuld] проводить to spot [spɔt] замечать

to sit an exam сдавать экзамен to consist [kən'sıst] содержать в
себе
mere [mɪə] не более чем to bleed [[bli:d] кровоточить
survival [sə'vaɪv(ə)l] выживание exhausted [ɪg'zɔ:stɪd] изнуренный
to support [sə'pɔ:t] поддерживать to keep up with следовать за
to succeed [sək'si:d] иметь успех fascinating обворожительный
to appreciate ценить destination пункт назначения
to captivate увлекать, пленять to appeal [ə'pi:l] обращаться

3 Lesson 3 4 Lesson 4

to hesitate колебаться to develop развивать

hairdo ['hɛədu:] прическа to announce объявить
to nag [næg] ворчать launch [lɔ:nʧ] начало, запуск
to mention упомянуть accident ['æksɪd(ə)nt] несчастный случай
to ask over пригласить chorus ['kɔ:rəs] хор, припев
to star играть гл.роль to daydream мечтать
to pick up выбирать ambulance скорая помощь
to start up завести машину to suppose [sə'pəuz] предполагать
rubbish ['rʌbɪʃ] мусор in fact [fækt] фактически
to fill [fɪl] заполнять wheel [wi:l] колесо
to own [əun] владеть to take seriously относиться серьезно
to scour ['skauə] тщательно искать to make a plan запланировать
for ages целую вечность cork [kɔ:k] пробка

englishoffice.com.ua 23
 5 Lesson 5 6 Lesson 6

to count on рассчитывать to run smth управлять чем-л.

takeaway еда на вынос reception [ri'sepshən] приѐм

scissors ['sɪzəz] ножницы to put something down записать что-л.
favour ['feivə] услуга restriction ограничение
to burst out разражаться ceremony церемония
to turn up оказаться exaggeration преувеличение
as well также, тоже to combine [kəm'baɪn] сочетать
to skip пропускать indeed [ɪn'di:d] действительно
to hand in сдавать, вручать portable передвижной
to set off отправляться in terms of с точки зрения
to stick with придерживаться extended [ɪk'stendɪd] расширенный
to appoint назначать starving ['stɑ:vɪŋ] голодающий
scattered showers проливные дожди from top to bottom полностью

7 Lesson 7-8 8 Lesson 9

customer покупатель to leak [li:k] сообщать, раскрывать

announcement объявление to promote повышать (на работе)

вооруженная
criminal преступник armed police полиция

to mop вытирать deliberate умышленный

to score [skɔ:] забивать гол attempt [ə'tempt] попытка, покушение

schedule ['ʃedju:l]
['skeʤu:l]
расписание to boost [bu:st] повышать

to accept [ək'sept] принимать prejudiced ['preʤədɪst] необъективный

thief [θi:f] вор engagement помолвка

газированный
litter ['litər] мусор fizzy drink напиток

exhibition[eksɪ'bɪʃ(ə)n] выставка to take place происходить

garbage ['gɑ:bɪʤ] мусор to ship отправлять

rent аренда shelter ['sheltər] убежище

reconstruction реконструкция to abandon [ə'bændən] покидать

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 9 Lesson 10 10 Lesson 11-12

to contain содержать to gossip сплетничать

scuba-diving подводное плавание to intervene вмешиваться
fossil fuels ископаемое топливо rowdy ['raudɪ] шумный; буйный
to melt таять sophisticated утонченный
extinct [ɪk'stɪŋkt] вымерший to postpone откладывать
engine ['enʤɪn] двигатель to cancel отменять
satisfactory удовлетворительный to be sick and tired of уставать (сильно) от

superior [su:'pɪərɪə] превосходящий a want потребность

attitude отношение to whisper шептать
motorway магистраль to revise [rɪ'vaɪz] повторять
forward нападающий to sew [sju:] шить
modest ['mɔdɪst] скромный tool инструмент
accomplishment достижение a lump ком, кусок
a suburb ['sʌbɜ:b] окраина, пригород to wander ['wɔndə] блуждать

11 Lesson 13 12 Lesson 14-15

to claim утверждать fine [faɪn] штраф

closed down закрыт breakage ['breɪkɪʤ] поломка
to mend [mend] ремонтировать sprout [spraut] росток фасоли
to intimidate запугивать to set up устанавливать
to accompany сопровождать assignment задание
immediately немедленно overconfident самоуверенный
осторожно, превышение
tentatively неуверенно
speeding скорости

enthusiastically восторженно to attend посещать

strict строгий to pick up снимать трубку
independent независимый to curse [kɜ:s] проклинать
to get in touch связаться with bare hands голыми руками
washing up стирка destination назначение
to scratch [skræʧ] царапать bullying запугивание
to announce объявлять search engine поисковая система

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 13 Lesson 15
Verbs followed by infinitive Verbs followed by gerund
afford позволять admit допускать
agree соглашаться adore обожать
appear появляться, appreciate ценить
arrange казаться
договариваться avoid избегать
ask просить confess признаваться
care беспокоиться can’t stand не выносить
choose выбирать consider рассматривать
come приходить delay откладывать
decide решать deny отрицать
demand требовать enjoy наслаждаться
deserve заслуживать fancy увлекаться,
determine решать finish нравиться
заканчивать
expect ожидать forgive прощать
get sb заставить кого-либо imagine представлять
guarantee гарантировать involve включать
help помогать keep продолжать
hope надеяться mention упоминать
hurry спешить mind (don’t mind) возражать
learn учиться miss скучать
manage суметь, справиться postpone откладывать
need нуждаться practice практиковаться
offer предлагать quit перестать
promise обещать recommend рекомендовать
refuse отказываться report сообщать
seem казаться resent возмущаться
tend иметь склонность risk рисковать
want хотеть suggest предлагать
wish желать understand понимать
Verbs followed both by infinitive and gerund Verbs plus a preposition followed by a gerund

advise советовать apologize for просить прощение

allow позволять complain about жаловаться
attempt пытаться dream of / about мечтать
continue продолжать insist on настаивать
forget забыть look forward to с нетерпеньем
intend намереваться object to ждать
возражать
prefer предпочитать participate in принимать участие
regret сожалеть take part in принимать участие
remember помнить think of / about думать
try пытаться win by выигрывать

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 14 Lesson 16 15 Lesson 17

pleased [pli:zd] доволен flat tire ['taiə] спущенная шина

continuously постоянно frugal бережливый
to interact взаимодействов. embarrassing смущающий
enormous огромный to nag [næg] ворчать
to cram [kræm] зубрить to wrinkle ['rɪŋkl] сминаться
to act [ækt] играть (роль) due [dju:] крайний срок
to pretend [prɪ'tend] притворяться to yell [jel] кричать
ankle ['æŋkl] лодыжка dim [dɪm] тусклый
to sprain [spreɪn] растянуть
to spoil [spɔɪl] испортить
связки
a cast [kɑ:st] гипс outgoing дружелюбный
well-off состоятельный agitated ['æʤɪteɪtɪd] взволнованный
to urge [ɜ:ʤ] заставлять costly дорогой

16 Lesson 17 – Phrasal Verbs 17 Lesson 17 – Phrasal Verbs

get up вставать call back перезвонить

get on (with) ладить find out узнать
get off выйти из транспорта figure out понять
get around посещать give up бросить
get back возвращаться grow up подрастать
get by сводить концы с концами lay off временно уволить
get in садиться в машину, войти в let in впустить
get out of избегать делать что-л. look into изучать
get rid of избавляться look up искать в словаре
get across втолковать look up to sb. преклоняться
calm down успокоиться make up придумать
check in зарегистрироваться run away убегать
расплатиться и освободить
check out номер
run into столкнуться
cheer up подбадривать show up появляться
come across натолкнуться wake up просыпаться

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 18 Lesson 17 – Phrasal Verbs 19 Lesson 17 – Phrasal Verbs

bring back вернуть clean up убирать

drop off высадить come up with приходить в голову
fill out заполнять face up быть готовым встретиться с

hand in подать, возвратить let sb down подводить

pick up подбирать look after присматривать
plug in включать в сеть look forward to с нетерпеньем ждать

put on надевать look like быть похожим

put out выкинуть pass out раздать
switch off выключить pick out выбирать
take off снимать put off откладывать
turn on включать turn down убавить звук

20 Lesson 18

merger ['mərjər] поглощение to attach [ə'tæʧ] прикреплять

indeed действительно reference ['refərəns] рекомендация
slight [slaɪt] тонкий, незаметный to provide предоставлять
victim ['vɪktɪm] жертва decrease спад
to call off отменять missing без вести пропавший

21 Lesson 18 – FOR, WITH, OF

to beg for умолять to cope with [kəup] справляться

to punish for наказывать to collide with сталкиваться
demand for спрос with regret с сожалением
excuse for извинение, оправдание with no doubt без сомнения
recipe for рецепт without hesitation без раздумий
for fear из страха to accuse of обвинять
for sale на продажу to approve of одобрять
for short сокращенно lack of нехватка
for luck на счастье out of mind вылететь из головы

for a change для разнообразия out of reach вне досягаемости

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 22 Lesson 18 – ON, TO, AT, ABOUT

to insist on настаивать to your advantage выгодно для тебя

to rely on полагаться to our amazement к нашему удивлению

to count on рассчитывать to some extent в некоторой степени

on foot пешком at short notice немедленно

on my own самостоятельно at your convenience когда Вам угодно
on no account ни в коем случае at a profit выгодно
on purpose нарочно at a loss в затруднении
to adjust to привыкать hesitation about колебание
objection to возражение upset about расстроенный
addiction to склонность, зависимость doubtful about сомневающийся
damage to повреждение to be about скоро
в достаточно хорошей
devotion to преданность out and about форме (особенно после
болезни)
to the point по существу nowhere about нигде
to some degree в некоторой степени to be all about описывать суть события

23 Lesson 18 – FROM, IN, BY

to resign from уходить в отставку in cash наличными

to recover from выздоравливать in conclusion в заключение
to suffer from страдать in debt в долгу (-ах)
departure from отъезд in favour of в поддержку кого-л.

extract from фрагмент in haste поспешно

from my point of view с моей точки зрения in pencil карандашом
from now on в дальнейшем satisfied by удовлетворенный
to succeed in преуспевать by chance случайно
to include in включать в себя by the way кстати
to persist in упорствовать by hand вручную
interested in заинтересованный by mistake по ошибке
rich in богатый by no means никоим образом не

in a hurry спешно, быстро by the rules согласно правилам

in advance заранее day by day изо дня в день

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 24 Lesson 19 - IDIOMS

to be fed up with надоесть

fishy сомнительный, подозрительный
to horse around возиться, шуметь, слоняться без дела
to pull someone's leg дурачить
all thumbs неуклюжий
to turn someone off наскучивать, внушать отвращение
to kick the bucket умирать
to feel like a million dollars чувствовать себя на все сто
to be on top of the world быть на седьмом небе от счастья
to make ends meet сводить концы с концами
the early bird catches the
кто рано встаѐт, того удача ждѐт
worm
to go Dutch платить свою часть, 50-50
to cost an arm and a leg стоить дорого
to tie the knot/get hitched пожениться
to drink like a fish пить запоем, беспробудно пьянствовать
to be on the safe side на всякий случай
a walking encyclopaedia ходячая энциклопедия
teacher's pet любимчик учителя
blue Monday тяжѐлый понедельник
to go bust обанкротиться
golden key взятка, подкуп
крупная денежная компенсация, выдаваемая при уходе на пенсию или при
golden parachute увольнении

to cook the book подделывать (счета)

for a song очень дѐшево, за бесценок
to catch someone red-handed поймать с поличным
wannabe поклонник, амбициозный человек
to be in the red быть в долгах
to give somebody a dirty look посмотреть неодобрительно
to have butterflies in stomach нервничать
to keep a straight face сохранять невозмутимый вид
to be up to your neck in smth по горло, по уши
on-off relationship отношения, когда люди то расстаются, то мирятся
to be really into smth сильно увлекаться
to be washed out сильно устать

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 Недавно они выпустили новую версию
Recently they have released a new version of a
программы, которая будет отличительной
program which will be featuring this year.
чертой в этом году.
This new tune is captivating me. Could you turn Эта новая мелодия увлекает меня. Не мог бы
the volume up? ты сделать звук громче?

The information how to do the stunt constitutes Информация про то, как выполнить этот трюк,
the most part of the video. составляет большую часть видеоролика.

Before they moved to summer house, they had Перед тем, как они переехали на дачу, они
covered all the furniture with white fabric. накрыли всю мебель белой тканью.

He is holding a meeting tomorrow morning. Он проводит собрание завтра утром.

My best friend has been sitting an exam for 2 Мой лучший друг сдавал экзамен два с
hours and a half. половиной часа.

Это было не более чем совпадение и ничего

It was a mere coincidence and nothing more.
больше.

It seems that yesterday we had a day for survival! Кажется, что вчера у нас был день на
We were dealing with problems for 5 hours! выживание! Мы решали проблему 5 часов!
Мне нравится мое детство, потому что мои
I like my childhood, because my parents always
родители всегда поддерживали меня, когда я
supported me when I made any mistakes.
совершал любые ошибки.
In order to succeed you will have to fight with Для того чтобы достичь успеха, ты должен
any trouble. будешь решить любую проблему.

I appreciate your help. Thank you for your Я ценю твою помощь. Спасибо за твою
support. поддержку.

In my opinion she has never got up so early, she По моему мнению, она никогда не вставала
looks very tired. так рано – она выглядит очень уставшей.

Before I graduated from a university, I had Перед тем, как я окончил университет, я
studied for five years. учился 5 лет.

When I switched on the light I noticed a strange Когда я включил свет, я заметил странный
object in the room. предмет в комнате.

Я буду ждать здесь, пока ты не вернешься,

I'll be waiting here until you come back, ok?
хорошо?

I have owned my car for three years. У меня моя машина 3 года.

That girl looks attractive. Та девушка выглядит привлекательной.

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 Sorry, she can’t pick up the phone, she’s Извините, она не может взять трубку, она
wrapping present for my mother! упаковывает подарок для моей мамы.
Включи телевизор! Я не могу пропустить это
Switch on TV! I can’t miss the show, my favorite
шоу, мой любимый ведущий всегда выходит в
presenter always appears at this time!
это время!
Смотри, они показывают наш город по
Look! They are airing our city on TV!
телевизору!

I assume you know his brother, he is quite famous Я полагаю, вы знаете его брата, он весьма
in this area. известен в этой сфере.

How does it concern the terms of our contract?

Как это относится к срокам нашего договора?

The seminar consists of three parts, devoted to Семинар состоит из трех частей, посвященных
finding solution of burning environment решению злободневных проблем окружающей
problems. среды!
I always spot when my students cheat during the Я всегда замечаю, когда мои студенты
test. списывают во время теста.

He injured his head against the door so his wound Он ударился головой о дверь и его рана сейчас
is bleeding now. кровоточит!

You look so exhausted after a long working day, Вы выглядите таким уставшим после долгого
you definitely need a rest. рабочего дня, вам определенно нужен отдых!
Он всегда следит за новостями, поэтому он
He always keeps up with news, so he surfs
сидит в интернете каждый день пока пьет
internet every day while drinking coffee.
кофе.

It is fascinating to listen to her singing! Это очаровательно - слушать еѐ пение!

It is time to choose a holiday destination! Пора выбирать, куда ехать в отпуск!

Полагаю, вы можете быть свидетелем этого

I assume you can be a witness of this crime.
преступления.

To comprehend this problem we appeal to an Что бы осмыслить эту проблему мы

existent theory. обратимся к существующей теории.

The novel concerns three soldiers. В романе речь идѐт о трѐх солдатах

They want to air a new TV-series which is based Они хотят показать в эфире новый сериал,
on a true story. основанный на реальных событиях.

The documentary consists of 21 episodes. Документальный фильм состоит из 21 серии.

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 Look! She has changed her hairdo. Смотри! Она поменяла свою прическу.

You have been nagging for half an hour! Give it

Ты ворчишь полчаса! Переставай!
up!

The other day he mentioned that we will pick up На днях он упомянул, что мы будем выбирать
the furniture for apartment. мебель для квартиры.

It’s been a while after you asked me over last Много времени прошло с того момента, как
time. ты приглашал меня в последний раз.

She has been filling the application form for a Она долго заполняет заявку. Может, тебе
long time. Maybe you should help her? следует ей помочь?

He has owned a tablet for 2 weeks. Планшет у нее 2 недели.

They have been scouring the criminal for ages! Они ищут преступника целую вечность!

Have you thrown away the litter? – Yes, I have. Ты выбросил мусор? Да.

He hesitated – I could see it in his eyes. Он колебался – я видела это по глазам.

I didn’t start up my car last night – it was too Прошлой ночью я не завел машину – было
cold. слишком холодно.
Я не помню, в каком фильме он играл главную
I don’t remember in which film he starred. Could
роль. Не мог бы ты напомнить мне,
you remind me, please?
пожалуйста?
Это лучшая машина, которую я когда-либо
It's the best car I've ever had.
имел.

She hasn’t attended any parties since we moved Она не посещала вечеринки с того момента,
here. как переехала сюда.

I have seen all the famous places for one day. Я увидел все известные места за один день.

We have been thinking for 2 hours so far about Мы думаем уже 2 часа, куда бы поехать в
where to go on holiday. отпуск.

Jane and I have done doing all work for today. Джейн и я сделали всю работу на сегодня.

It's the third time he has missed a meeting. Он пропустил встречу в третий раз.

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 They announced the launch after they had Они провозгласили запуск после того, как
developed the new pills. разработали новые таблетки.
Yesterday I was a witness of an accident: the man Я был свидетелем несчастного случая вчера:
ran over people on the crosswalk. Fortunately, мужчина сбил людей на переходе. К счастью,
nobody got hurt. никто не пострадал.
Она повторяла припев на протяжении 20
She was repeating the chorus for 2o minutes.
минут.

When I was on vacation I was daydreaming about Когда я был в отпуске, я мечтал про
the ceremony. церемонию.

An ambulance appeared in time. Скорая помощь появилась вовремя.

I supposed that everything is going to be OK, but Я предполагал, что все будет хорошо, но на
in fact life is harsh. самом деле жизнь сложна.

After my car had broken down, I was changing После того, как моя машина сломалась, я
the tire on the wheel for 2 hours. менял покрышку на колесе 2 часа.

He didn’t take the news seriously. Он не отнесся к новостям серьезно.

Before he disappeared, he had made a plan. He Перед тем, как он исчез, он составил план. Он
had been developing it for a long time. разрабатывал его долгое время.

The cork was on the floor. Probably, they had Пробка была на полу. Вероятно, они открыли
opened the bottle. бутылку.
Скорая помощь уехала к тому моменту, как
The ambulance had left by the time the reporters
репортеры прибыли на место несчастного
got to the scene of the accident.
случая.
She had been nagging him all morning before he Она ворчала на него все утро до тех пор, пока
finally got tired of this. он, наконец, не устал от этого.

Scientists announced a new launch of drugs the Ученые объявили о запуске лекарств
day before yesterday. позавчера.
Kate lost her voice while she was singing in a
У Кэйт пропал голос, пока она пела в хоре.
chorus.
Mike was sitting an exam while his mom was
Майк сдавал экзамен, пока его мать молилась.
praying.

By the time we arrived, the film had already К тому времени, как мы приехали, фильм уже
started. начался.
How long had you been waiting before he finally
Как долго ты ждала, пока он, наконец,
called? позвонил?

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 If you bring me my scissors, I will be very Если ты принесешь мои ножницы, я буду
grateful! очень признателен.

Тебя могут исключить, если ты пропустишь

You can be expelled if you skip many lessons.
много уроков.

The ship sets off at 7. Don’t be late! Корабль отправляется в 7. Не опаздывай!

I heard he is going to be appointed for this Я слышал, его собираются назначить на эту
position! должность.

Если ты окажешь мне услугу, я никогда об

If you do me a favour, I will never forget about it.
этом не забуду.

I don’t want to cook tonight, so let’s order some Я не хочу сегодня готовить, так что давай
takeaway. закажем еду.

You can’t skip this meeting – we are counting on Вы не можете пропустить это собрание – мы
you. на вас рассчитываем.

He will definitely burst out screaming when you Он точно разразится криком, когда ты
tell him the truth. скажешь ему правду

See you in the evening! I am going to the party as Увидимся вечером. Я тоже пойду на
well! вечеринку.

The teacher will hand us in our test papers, as Преподаватель отдаст нам наши работы, как
soon as he checks them. только проверит их.

We are to meet him at 8 as appointed. Мы встретимся с ним в 8 как назначено.

It turned up that he is about to marry her. Оказалось, что он собирается жениться на ней.

We will stick with his instructions – otherwise we Мы будем придерживаться его инструкций -
can get lost! иначе мы можем заблудиться.

I will be dreaming about our forthcoming journey Я буду мечтать о нашей предстоящей поездке
all the day. весь день.

Oh my God! There is a scattered shower outside! О Боже! Снаружи проливной дождь! Пойду
I will go and close all the windows. закрою все окна!

She will skip the lessons if you don’t tell Она будет пропускать уроки. Если ты ничего
anything. не скажешь.

Если ты мне поможешь, я сделаю все от себя

If you help me, I will do my best as well!
зависящее также!

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 Don't exaggerate, your parents won't have arrived Не преувеличивай, твои родители не вернутся
by the next evening. до следующего утра.

I hope I'll be running a big company without Я надеюсь, через 10 лет я буду без
restrictions in 10 years. ограничений управлять большой компанией.
Эта леди запишет всю информацию о
This lady will have put down all information
голодающих людях к концу следующей
about starving people by the end of the week.
недели.
Его собственная компания будет сочетать
His own company will be combining new
новый бизнес со старыми идеями в течение
business and old ideas during next year.
следующего года.
In a few minutes we will indeed be landing at Через несколько минут мы действительно
Heathrow Airport. будем приземляться в аэропорту Хитроу.

Most of clients will have been on his reception by Большинство клиентов попадут к нему на
the end of November. прием к концу ноября.

Before the end of his holiday, he will have spent К концу каникул он потратит свои деньги
his money from top to bottom. полностью.
This May is Ted and Amy’s wedding ceremony. В этом марте будет свадебная церемония у
They will have been flown for honeymoon by Тэда и Энн будет. К 25 мая они улетят на
May 25th. медовый месяц.
C точки зрения аналитиков, к 60 годам Билл
In terms of analysts, by the age of 60 Bill Gates
Гейтс будет зарабатывать 10 миллиардов
will be earning 10 billion dollars a year.
долларов в год.

This time tomorrow I'll be flying to Spain. Завтра в это время я буду лететь в Испанию.

Don't phone me after 11 because I'll have gone to Не звоните мне после 11, потому что к тому
bed by then. времени я буду в постели.

We'll be going right back to the football after the

Мы вернемся к футболу сразу после рекламы.
break.

Mr. Hill will have finished all his work by the

Мистер Хил закончит всю работу к вечеру.
evening.

All next month students will be preparing for the Весь следующий месяц студенты будут
exams. готовиться к экзаменам.

My husband will have given up smoking by the

Мой муж бросит курить до следующего лета.
next summer.

A new CEO will be running the company during Новый генеральный директор будет управлять
next year. компанией на протяжении следующего года.

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 An announcement about pay rising was being Объявление о повышении заработной платы
repeated during all the day. повторялось на протяжении всего дня.

A reconstruction of Kiev Art Museum is being Реконструкция Киевского музея искусств

held at present. проводится в настоящее время.
This exhibition is being created as a possibility to Эта выставка создана как возможность
buy branded and high-quality clothes at the price приобрести брендовые и качественные вещи
below the average. по цене ниже среднего.
Garbage is being thrown away in special places Сейчас мусор выбрасывают в специально
now, or it will lead to the development of отведенных местах, иначе это приведет к
bacterium and destruction of our environment. развитию микробов и разрушению нашей
окружающей среды.
Why are customers being served so slowly in this Почему покупателей обслуживают так
store? медленно в этом магазине?

The schedule is being created by a secretary, Расписание составляется секретаршей, так что
that’s why don’t disturb her! не мешайте ей!

The strategy of the company is being На собрании сейчас пересматривается

reconsidered at the meeting now. стратегия компании.

The rent for the offices is being increased, but Аренда на офисы увеличивается, но никто не
nobody knows the reason for this. знает причины.
All night yesterday the litter was being cleaned in Вчера всю ночь убирали мусор в центре
downtown after the concert which took place on города после концерта, проходившем на
the square. площади.
The ceremony of handing the awards is being Церемония по вручению наград транслируется
broadcasted on all national channels. по всем национальным каналам.

This new programme was being developed for 2 На протяжении двух лет разрабатывали эту
years. новую программу.

The takeaway is being prepared. Еда на вынос подготавливается.

The rocket launch is still being postponed. Запуск ракеты все еще откладывается.

This accident was being discussed all evening Про этот несчастный случай говорили весь
yesterday. вчерашний вечер.
I don’t understand why the chorus is being
Я не пойму, почему припев повторяется
repeated so many times, she is singing out of
столько раз, она же фальшивит!
tune!
The ambulance is being called, don’t worry, Скорую вызывают, не беспокойся, все будет
everything is going to be alright! хорошо!
I was told in school, that during the whole last Мне сказали в школе, что всю прошлую
week these 2 subjects were being skipped. What неделю эти два предмета пропускали. Что ты
will you tell me about this fact? мне скажешь по этому поводу?

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 Fortunately the criminal has been caught today. К счастью преступник был пойман сегодня.
According to the media, no one was injured. Как сообщают СМИ, никто не пострадал.
The fact that an appeal hadn’t been accepted Тот факт, что апелляция не была принята, в
aroused a storm of protest among the members of результате вызвал бурю протеста среди
this party. членов этой партии.
Решающий гол матча был забит
The winning goal of match has been scored by
непревзойденным Лионелем Месси,
excellent Lionel Messi, a pride of FC Barcelona.
гордостью ФК Барселона.
This news has been just announced at the
Эту новость только что объявили на собрании.
meeting.

A new minister has been appointed recently. Нового министра недавно назначили.

Indeed this question hasn’t been asked yet. На самом деле этот вопрос еще не поднимали.

Before a new hairdo is made your hair will have Перед тем, как Вам сделают новую прическу,
been cut. волосы подстригут.

The winner of the show will have been picked up Победителя шоу выберут к концу следующей
by the end of next week. недели.

These wheels haven’t been checked yet. Эти колеса еще не проверяли.

By the end of the month one thousand corks will

К концу месяца произведут 1000 пробок.
have been produced.

The schedule has already been changed 3 times! Расписание поменяли уже три раза!

The floor in this room hasn’t been moped yet. Пол в этой комнате еще не вытерли.

Why has the rent been increased? Почему аренду повысили?

An exhibition has just been opened, that’s why Выставку только что открыли, так что
you’re welcome! приходите!

The customers will have been informed about Покупателей проинформируют про изменения
changes by next week. к следующей неделе.

The reconstruction of this hotel will have been Реконструкцию этого отеля закончат к концу
finished by the end of next year. следующего года.

When I came home, garbage had already been Когда я пришел домой, мусора уже
thrown away. выбросили.

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 Recently I have been promoted, that’s why I Недавно меня повысили, поэтому я решил
decided to organize a party for my colleagues. устроить вечеринку для моих коллег.

Armed police must be sent to this location Вооруженную полицию нужно отправить в
immediately! этот участок немедленно!

A deliberate attempt was made, but no evidence Умышленное покушение было совершено, но
was found. улик не нашли.

The life of the Prime Minister was attempted at В полночь было совершено покушение на
midnight. жизнь Премьер Министра.

The price will be boosted even if you order only Цену повысят, даже если Вы закажите только
one item. одну единицу товара.

A prejudiced article about this restaurant has been Предвзятую статью про этот ресторан недавно
recently published in the newspaper. опубликовали в газете.
Возможно, их помолвка отменится. Более
Their engagement might be canceled. For details
подробную информацию узнавайте у невесты
ask the bride or the groom.
или жениха.
A fizzy drink can be bought in every supermarket Газированный напиток можно купить в
of the city. каждом супермаркете города.
Все вещи, которые Вы покупаете на нашем
All the things you buy on our site will be shipped
сайте, будут отправлены Вам в течение
to you within a week.
недели.
В случае наводнения безопасные убежища
In case of a flood safe shelters must be built
должны быть построены на территории
across the city.
города.
The country can’t be abandoned in case of Страну нельзя покидать в случае совершения
committing a serious crime. серьезного преступления.

Some information was leaked to newspapers. Некоторая информация просочилась в газеты.

We are sorry, but your card can’t be accepted Мы сожалеем, но Ваша карточка не может
now. Terminal isn’t working. быть принята сейчас. Терминал не работает.

The thief was caught by the police the other day. Вор был пойман полицией на днях.

A wedding ceremony was organized by an Свадебная церемония была организована

outstanding agency. знаменитым агентством.

The curbs of the sidewalk are being repaired at

Края тротуара ремонтируют в данный момент.
the moment.

englishoffice.com.ua 42
 If they have responsible attitude to their tasks, Если они ответственно относятся к своим задачам,
they have satisfactory results. они получают удовлетворительные результаты.
If the mayor had not built a new motorway last Если бы мэр не построил новую магистраль в
year, the drivers would not have been so quiet. прошлом году, водители не были бы так спокойны.
This hotel would be superior if the staff were Этот отель был бы превосходным, если бы
friendlier. обслуживающий персонал был приветливее.
It would be strange if the ice cream did not melt Было бы странно, если бы мороженое не таяло при
at such temperature. такой температуре.
If coffee contained less caffeine, tea would Если бы кофе содержал меньше кофеина, чай стал
become less popular. бы менее популярен.
If it had not been human influence, the modern Если бы не влияние человека, мир имел бы меньше
world would have had fewer extinct species. вымерших видов.
If there are no problems with the engine, the car Если с двигателем нет проблем, машина не
does not release so much smoke. выпускает так много дыма.
If the forward hadn’t done his best, they would Они бы не выиграли вчерашнюю игру, если бы
not have won a yesterday’s game. нападающий не сделал все от него зависящее.
If she hadn’t done her best, she would not have Если бы она не постаралась, она бы не стала такой
become so famous. знаменитой.
It would be good if there was a way to use fossil Было бы хорошо, если был способ использовать
fuels without damage to the environment. ископаемые топлива без ущерба экологии.
If it weren’t for the flow, scuba-diving would be Если бы не течение, подводное плавание было бы
simple. легким.
If something does not work, I will do my best Если что-то не будет удаваться, я приложу все
for the accomplishment. усилия ради достижения.
You'll find life much easier if you smile more Жизнь Вам покажется намного проще, если Вы
often. будете улыбаться чаще.
If they offer a satisfactory answer, our chief will Если они предложат удовлетворительный ответ,
sign the contract immediately. наш шеф сразу подпишет контракт.
Drought threatens humanity, if we do not Засуха угрожает человечеству, если мы не изменим
change the attitude to water. отношения к воде.
If we stabilize the climate, a lot of animals will Если мы стабилизируем климат, многие животные
not be extinct. не будут вымершими.
Если ты смешиваешь красный и белый, то
If you mix red and white, you get pink.
получаешь розовый (цвет).
The government will lose the next election if Правительство проиграет следующие выборы, если будет
they continue to ignore public opinion. продолжать игнорировать общественное мнение.

If you pull a cat's tail, it scratches you. Если тянешь кота за хвост, он царапается.

If Valencia FC wins the Spanish football league, Если ФК Валенсия выиграет испанскую
I will dye my hair blue. футбольную лигу, я покрашу волосы в голубой цвет.
We wouldn't have come by taxi if we had found Мы бы не приехали на такси, если бы нашли
the right bus. нужный автобус.

englishoffice.com.ua 43
 If she didn’t gossip at work she would be on good Если бы она не сплетничала на работе, у нее
terms with her colleagues. были бы хорошие отношения с коллегами.

If mother hadn’t intervened in the dispute of her Если бы мама не вмешалась вчера в спор ее
children, they would have fought with each other. детей, они бы подрались.

Если бы полиция не остановила хулиганское

If the police hadn’t stopped the rowdy behavior of
поведение молодых парней, то я думаю, что
young men, I think they could be in trouble now.
сейчас они были бы в беде.

If his parents had more money, they would have Если бы его родители имели больше денег,
more sophisticated lifestyle. они бы вели более утонченный образ жизни.

Если бы все билеты были проданы, концерт не

If all the tickets had been sold out, the concert
пришлось бы откладывать до следующей
wouldn’t have been postponed to next week.
недели.
I would cancel the meeting with the boss today if Я бы отменил сегодня встречу с начальником,
you hadn’t told me all details of your если бы ты мне не рассказал все детали ваших
negotiations. переговоров.
If you didn’t skip school classes so often, you
Если бы ты не так часто прогуливал школу, ты
wouldn’t be so sick and tired of head master’s
бы не устал от выговоров директора.
scolding.

If I knew about your wants before, I could help Если бы я знал о твоих потребностях раньше,
you to supply them. я мог бы тебе помочь.

Если бы квартиры в центре не были такими

If flats in the downtown hadn’t been so expensive
дорогими 2 года назад, мы бы не жили сейчас
2 years ago, we wouldn’t live in the suburb now.
на окраине города.

If you had whispered me the answers, the teacher Если бы ты мне прошептала ответы, учитель
wouldn’t have noticed us cheating. не заметил бы, что мы списываем.

Если бы студенты повторяли каждый день

If students revised new words every day, they
новые слова, они бы могли использовать их на
could use them on the lessons.
уроке.

If she had found the good wedding dress in the Если бы она нашла хорошее свадебное платье
store, she wouldn’t have sewn it. в магазине, она не шила бы его.

Он помог бы отремонтировать стиральную

He would help to repair the washing machine if
машину, если бы у него были с собой
he had his tools with him.
инструменты.

If you didn’t eat so fast, you wouldn’t have had a Если бы не ел быстро, у тебя бы не застрял
stuck lump of food in your throat. кусок еды в горле.

If we had known where we wanted to go, we

Если бы знали, куда хотим пойти, мы бы не
wouldn’t have wandered about the city for hours
блуждали несколько часов по городу вчера.
yesterday.

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 Если бы только я жил в пригороде, как и все
If only I lived in a suburb like all my friends.
мои друзья.
If only she had sewn that dress I would have put Если бы только она пошила это платье, я бы
it on. одела его.
If only he did not intervene, everybody would be Если бы он не вмешивался, все были бы
happy. счастливы.

I wish I were more sophisticated. Я хотела бы быть более утонченной.

Он бы хотел, чтобы вы знали основные

He wishes you knew the main wants in life.
потребности в жизни.

They wish he would cancel their tasks. Они бы хотели, чтобы он отменил их задания.

You will be sick and tired of your work unless Ты очень устанешь от работы, если не
you have good rest. отдохнешь хорошенько.
Have you whispered something? If so, repeat Ты прошептал что-то, если так, повтори,
please. пожалуйста.
If she doesn’t want to revise the material, we Если она не хочет повторить материал, мы должны
should talk to her about it. поговорить с ней об этом.

As long as you live in a suburb, you will always Пока вы живете в пригороде, у вас всегда
have fresh air. будет свежий воздух.
There is a ticket to Crimea if you are sick and Есть билет в Крым, если вы устали от своих
tired of your duties. обязанностей.
Я принесу вам мои инструменты, если вы не
I will bring you my tools if you don’t have yours.
имеете своих.
Я хочу, чтобы мой босс не был столь шумный
I wish my boss weren’t’t so rowdy today.
сегодня.
I will spend this Sunday with you unless you Я проведу это воскресенье вместе с вами, если
postpone it. вы не отложите это.
If only we hadn't lost our tickets we would not Если бы мы не потеряли наши билеты, мы бы
have wandered in the airport. не скитались в аэропорту
If only you had bought tools we wouldn’t have Если бы вы купили инструменты, нам бы не
needed to stop another car. потребовалось останавливать другой автомобиль.

You would forget it unless you revised it. Вы бы забыли это, если бы не повторяли.

If only she were not sick and tired. Если бы только она не устала.

Я не буду вмешиваться, если нет никаких

I won’t intervene if there are no problems.
проблем.

I wish he gave me a lump of cake. Я хочу, чтобы он дал мне кусок пирога.

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 He said that they would have to take a taxi Он сказал, им придется взять такси
immediately. немедленно.
Sarah said she had seen Peter in the hall the Сара сказала, что видела Питера вчера в холе,
previous day when she had attended the accused. когда посещала обвиняемого. Но не узнала
But she didn’t recognize Peter. Питера.
The teacher said that the Earth goes round the Учитель сказал, что Земля вращается вокруг
Sun. Солнца.

The government has announced that taxes will be Правительство объявило, что налоги будут
raised. повышены.
Она сказала, что уже, наверное, очень поздно,
She said that it was probably late and she really
и что ей действительно нужно идти и заняться
had to go and do the washing up at home.
стиркой дома.
He claimed that she wanted to leave for Delhi that Он утверждал, что она хочет отправиться в
night. Дели сегодня вечером.

Mother was strict and told that we shouldn’t be Мама была строга и сказала, что нам не
rowdy while grandfather was sleeping. следует шуметь, пока дедушка спит.
The teacher informed Jane that the assignment Учитель проинформировал Джейн о том, что
was still being checked by an independent задание все еще проверяется независимым
teacher. преподавателем.
She told her husband that he had forgotten to pay Она сказала мужу, что он забыл уплатить
the parking fines. штрафы за парковку.

He said that when he had been reading children a Он сказал, что когда он читал вчера вечером
story the previous night, the lights had gone out. детям историю, погас свет.

Она сказала, что Китай - густонаселенная

She said China is a densely populated country.
странна.

She told us we had better accept it. Она сказала, что нам лучше принять это.

She agreed enthusiastically that she would

Она согласилась восторженно, что будет
accompany us. сопровождать нас.

He told that he was intimidated by the strict Он сказал, что он был запуган строгим
teacher. учителем.

I replied that I had been trying to mend the fence

Я ответил, что пытался починить забор с утра.
since morning.

Он сказал, что свяжется со мной сегодня

He said he would get in touch with me that night.
ночью.

Майк сказал, что он, может быть, поможет

Mike said that he might help us to repair the car.
нам починить машину.

englishoffice.com.ua 46
 The shop assistant asked me what shoes size I Консультант в магазине спросил меня, какой
wore. размер обуви я ношу.

The boy asked tentatively his mother if she had Мальчик спросил у мамы неуверенно, есть ли
sweets in her pocket. у нее конфеты в кармане.

He asked if the store had been closed down the

Он спросил, был ли магазин закрыт вчера.
previous night.
Офицер полиции спросил его, был ли он
The police officer asked him if he had ever been
когда-либо арестован за превышение
arrested for speeding.
скорости?
He asked me why I had left my last place of Он спросил меня, почему я покинул свое
employment. последнее место работы.

She wondered if my cat often scratched the Она поинтересовалась, часто ли моя кошка
furniture. царапает мебель.

They asked who had picked up the phone the day

Они спросили, кто снял трубку вчера.
before.

I asked him why he thought that his house was Я спросила его, почему он думает, что его дом
cursed. проклят.

Can you tell me why you tried to catch the fish Ты можешь мне сказать, почему ты пытался
with bare hands? ловить рыбу голыми руками?

Can you remind me what holiday destination you Ты можешь мне напомнить, какое место
have chosen? отдыха вы выбрали?

Can you tell me why my son has been accused for Ты можешь мне сказать, почему моего сына
bullying? обвинили в запугивании?

Can you remind me what I will need to look for Ты можешь мне напомнить, что мне нужно
in search engine? будет поискать в поисковой системе?
Он спросил меня, когда я установил новое
He asked me when I had set up new software on
программное обеспечение на персональный
PC.
компьютер.
My great uncle asked me where I had bought Мой двоюродный дедушка спросил, где я
such nice sprouts. купила такие хорошие ростки фасоли.

My mother-in-law asked me when I would deal Моя теща спросила меня, когда я займусь
with the breakages. поломками.

He wanted to know if my sister is overconfident. Он хотел знать, самоуверенная ли моя сестра.

Can you tell me why you haven’t done the Ты можешь мне сказать, почему ты не
washing up? постирал?

englishoffice.com.ua 47
 They offered us to come to their place tonight. Они предложили нам прийти к ним сегодня
But we didn’t expect to have such invitation. вечером в гости. Но мы не ожидали такого
That’s why we were hesitating. приглашения. Вот почему, мы сомневались.
He said he had been looking for this job for a Он сказал, что искал эту работу в течение
long time. That’s why he hopes to receive a долгого времени. Именно поэтому он надеется
positive answer. получить положительный ответ.
He had been apologizing for saying these words Он извинялся за эти слова в течение часа, но
for an hour, but all in vain. He betrayed her. все напрасно. Он предал ее.

This month they’ve been offered to have a well – В этом месяце им предложили
paid job. высокооплачиваемую работу.
Я не могу поверить, что ты хотел пойти на
I can’t believe you wanted to go to the football
футбольный матч. Насколько я знаю, ты не
match. As far as I know, you aren’t a fan.
болельщик.

This door appears to be locked after all. Эта дверь, кажется, в конце концов, заперта.

Джон настоял на том, чтобы успеть на ранний

John insisted on catching the early flight.
рейс (вылет).

Попытайтесь немного бегать трусцой каждый

Try jogging a bit every day.
день.

She managed to persuade her parents to let her Ей удалось убедить своих родителей
go. разрешить ей уйти.

I regret to tell you that we haven’t decided to Мне жаль Вам говорить, что мы решили не
accept your application. принимать ваше заявление.

He stopped wearing a tie a year ago. Он перестал носить галстук год назад.

He denied telling a lie. Он отрицал, что лжет.

Мы не можем позволить себе поехать на

We can’t afford to go on holiday this year.
каникулы в этом году.

I can’t stand listening to this music – turn it

Мне не нравится эта музыка – сделай тише.
down.

У нее хорошо получается заставлять людей

She is good at getting people to do anything.
делать что угодно.

He didn’t expect to sprain because of he had been Он не ожидал растянуть связки, так как
training for a long time. тренируется уже давно.

He succeeded in breaking the world speed record. Он успешно побил мировой рекорд скорости.

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 He must have lost his wallet because he borrowed Он, должно быть, потерял кошелек потому,
some money from me. что он занял у меня деньги.

My well-off neighbours might have gone to Мои состоятельные соседи, возможно, уехали
vacation. They didn’t open me a door yesterday. в отпуск. Они не открыли мне дверь вчера.

You needn’t have sent me such an enormous sum Тебе не нужно было посылать мне такую
of money. I have just received a salary. огромную сумму денег. Я только что получил
зарплату.
You could have passed this exam if you had Ты мог бы сдать этот экзамен, если бы ты
crammed the material – there was no other way. вызубрил материал – по-другому никак.

You should have remembered her birthday. But Тебе следовало бы помнить ее день рождения.
you are forgetting it continuously! А ты постоянно забываешь!

She might have pretended to be asleep. Она, возможно, притворилась спящей.

He must have been not very pleased because she Он, должно быть, был не очень доволен из-за
didn’t call him back. того, что она не перезвонила.

I didn’t have to cash the check, I had some Мне не нужно было обналичить чек, у меня
money. были деньги.

There is such a mess here! They might have had a Здесь такой беспорядок! У них, возможно,
party. была вечеринка.

She must have broken her leg. I saw her yesterday Она, должно быть, сломала ногу. Я видел ее
in a cast. вчера в гипсе.

This car is very costly. You shouldn’t have Эта машина очень дорогая. Тебе не следовало
bought it. покупать ее.
Jim was at the party yesterday and sprained the ankle Джим был на вечеринке вчера и растянул
while going downstairs. That’s why he couldn’t have лодыжку, пока спускался по лестнице. Так что он
gone to China. не мог уехать в Китай!
I needn’t have met with him. It didn’t’t bring any Мне не нужно было встречаться с ним. Это не
results. принесло результатов.

Тебе следовало заставить его вернуться

You should have urged him to come back in time.
вовремя.

You have failed all the exams! You should have Ты провалил все экзамены! Тебе следовало
studied better. учиться лучше.

We didn’t have to wear school uniform on Friday, Нам не нужно было одевать школьную форму
that’s why I wore jeans. в пятницу, поэтому я надел джинсы.

He couldn’t have come to the meeting on time. I Он не мог прийти на встречу вовремя. Я
saw him in a traffic jam. видел, что он стоял в пробке.

She might have taken a taxi because she came Она, возможно, взяла такси потому, что она
very quickly. приехала очень быстро.

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 He finally got rid of his bad habits and gave up Он, наконец, избавился от своих вредных
smoking. привычек и бросил курить.

Turn down the sound and switch off the light, I’m
Убавь звук и выключи свет, я пытаюсь уснуть.
trying to fall asleep.

Мне придется отложить свою поездку до

I have to put off this trip to better times.
лучших времен.

My friend showed up suddenly, I got into the car Мой друг появился внезапно, я быстро сел в
very quickly and we left. машину и мы уехали.

I found out that our accountant is going to be laid Я узнал, что нашего бухгалтера собираются
off. временно уволить.

Don’t put on that old coat, you should have put it Не надевай это старое пальто, его уже давно
out long time ago. следовало выкинуть.

My neighbor asked me to look after her pets Моя соседка попросила меня присмотреть за
while she is on vacation. ее животными, пока она будет в отпуске.
Before you check out, you must fill out guest book Перед тем как расплатиться и освободить номер, вы
and check the number once again to make sure that должны заполнить гостевую книгу и поверить номер
you didn’t forger anything. еще раз и удостовериться, что вы ничего не забыли.
Если ты не можешь втолковать, как перевести это
If you can’t get across how to translate this sentence,
предложение, успокойся и поищи неизвестные
calm down and look up unknown words.
слова в словаре.
Criminal finally made up how to escape from the Преступник, наконец, придумал, как сбежать
prison. из тюрьмы.

He should get on with his boss in order not to be Ему следует ладить со своим, шефом, чтобы
fired. его не уволили.
Они с нетерпением ждут свой отпуск. Они уже
They are looking forward to their vacation. They are
готовы встретиться лицом к лицу с древними
ready to face up ancient ruins of Roman Empire.
руинами Римской империи.
Я целый день пытаюсь подобрать подходящую
I’m trying to pick up the right music for this occasion
музыку для этого события, но пока
during the whole day, but without any result.
безрезультатно.
Don’t let me down, please. I’m counting on your Не подведи меня, пожалуйста, я очень
help. рассчитываю на твою помощь.

Calm down, we’ll come up with something. Успокойся, мы что-то придумаем.

Take off that terrible suit and clean up that stupid Сними этот жуткий костюм и убери эту глупую
smile from your face, you look like a clown. Be more улыбку со своего лица, а то ты похож на клоуна.
serious. Будь серьезней.
When I was at the library, I came across very rare Когда я был в библиотеке, я натолкнулся на
literature. очень редкую литературу.

Jane has come up with an excellent solution of Джейн пришло в голову безупречное решение
our problem. проблемы.

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 It was obvious that they would lose, but they still Это было очевидно, что они проиграют, но
didn’t give up. они бы все равно не сдавались.

The police are looking into the school about the

Полиция изучает школу на предмет кражи.
theft.

Let`s put off our trip to countryside until the Давай отложим нашу поездку на дачу, пока
weather improves. погода не улучшится.

Радио играет немного громко, не мог бы ты

Radio`s a bit loud, could you turn it down?
его прикрутить?
В последнее время она была немного
She has been quite depressed recently. This
расстроенной. Этот выходной действительно ее
holiday will really cheer her up! подбодрит!

Calm down! Things aren`t as bad as they seem. Успокойся! Все не так плохо как кажется.

You won`t forget to put the rubbish out before Вы не забудете выбросить мусор перед тем
you go to bed, will you? как идти спать, не так ли?

Call the hotel and tell them we will check in Позвони в отель и скажи им, что мы
tomorrow before noon. зарегистрируемся завтра до обеда.

I will pick you up at the entrance of the Central

Я тебя подберу у входа Центрального вокзала.
station.

Look up the word in the dictionary if you`re not Поищи слово в словаре, если ты не уверен, что
sure what it means. оно означает.

He is very sociable. It`s easy for him to get on Он очень общительный. Ему легко ладить с
with people of different ages and professions. людьми разных возрастов и профессий.

When we were in Paris, we got around many Когда мы были в Париже, мы посетили много
museums and exhibitions. музеев и выставок.

I`m looking forward to the results of our entrance Я жду с нетерпением результатов нашего
test. вступительного теста.

She can`t figure out his actions after many years Она не может понять его поступков после
of common work. многих лет совместной работы.

Сними эту шляпу! Она совершенно тебе не

Take off this hat! It does not suit you at all.
идет.

They came yesterday in order to bring back all

Они пришли вчера, чтобы вернуть все долги.
their debts.

He is a reliable person. He won`t let us down. Он надежный человек. Он не подведет нас.

Why don`t you put on this elegant little black Почему бы тебе не одеть это элегантное
dress? маленькое черное платье?

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 It's unfair to punish the whole class for the actions Нечестно наказывать целый класс за поступки
of one or two students. одного или двоих студентов.
Women have to cope with working and taking Женщинам приходится справляться с работой,
care of the household and the family. домашним хозяйством и семьей.
It takes about 30 minutes on foot, or 10 minutes Это занимает 30 минут пешком или 10 минут
by car. на машине.
Как насчет обеда где-нибудь вне дома для
How about dinner out for a change?
разнообразия?
We all to some extent remember the good times Мы все в некоторой степени помним хорошие
and forget the bad. времена, а плохие забываем.

I knew I could rely on David. Я знал, что могу положиться на Дэвида.

Could you give me the recipe for this chocolate Могли бы Вы мне дать рецепт этого
cake? шоколадного торта?

His parents don’t approve of his friends. Его родители не одобряют его друзей.

He suffers from a headache. Он страдает от головной боли.

I spilled my drink on purpose. I needed an excuse Я пролил напиток нарочно. Мне нужен был
for living the room. повод, чтобы уйти.

Citrus fruits are rich in vitamin C. Цитрусовые фрукты богаты на витамин Ц.

Someone must have left the door open by Должно быть, кто-то оставил эту дверь
mistake. открытой по ошибке.

They left in haste, without even saying goodbye. Они поспешно ушли, даже не попрощавшись.

To our amazement this cheap hotel was provided К нашему удивлению, горячая вода в этом
with hot water 24 hours. дешевом отеле была круглые сутки.

Day by day there was a decrease of temperature. Изо дня в день температура спадала.

This note was written in pencil. Записка была написана карандашом.

Will you pay by credit card or in cash? Вы заплатите кредиткой или наличными?

Чтобы получить билеты, вам нужно заказать

To get tickets, you have to book in advance. их заранее.

By the way, have you seen my keys anywhere? Кстати, ты не видел мои ключи?

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 Ему надоели путешествия, которые он должен
He is fed up with all the travelling he had to do.
был совершить.

I am fed up with your laziness and carelessness. Мне надоела твоя лень и невнимательность.

Старик с длинной бородой выглядел довольно

The old man with a long beard looked quite fishy.
подозрительным.

The children were horsing around in the back

Дети шумели на заднем дворе.
yard.
Дженни, пожалуйста, перестань меня
Please Jenny, stop pulling my leg! I don’t like
дурачить! Мне не нравиться, когда ты
you to tease me.
дразнишь меня.
Little Sam broke a cup and his Mom said he was Маленький Сэм разбил чашку, и его мама
all thumbs. сказала, что он неуклюжий.

Jack has decided not to date Christine anymore - Джек решил больше не встречаться с Кристин
she turned him off. – она наскучила ему.

Alan hoped he would kick the bucket before he is Алан надеялся, что умрет до того, как станет
as old as his grandfather. таким же старым, как и его дедушка.

Элиза была счастлива, она чувствовала себя

Eliza was happy; she felt like a million dollars.
на все сто.

I felt on top of the world when I passed my Я был на седьмом небе от счастья, когда сдал
driving test. экзамен по вождению.

Dina’s salary is so small that she can hardly make Зарплата Дины так мала, что она едва сводит
ends meet. концы с концами.
Getting up early proved to her the truth of the old Факт, что она встает рано, подтвердил правдивость
saying that the early bird catches the worm. She старой поговорки, что кто рано встает, того удача ждет.
was able to do a lot of work. Она смогла сделать много работы.

When I go out with my friends, we usually go Когда я гуляю с друзьями, мы обычно

Dutch. расплачиваемся поровну.
Я не хотел покупать новую машину, так как
I didn’t want to buy a new car as it might cost me
она могла дорого мне обойтись (стоила
an arm and a leg.
дорого).
Мэри и Том поженились в прошлое
Mary and Tom tied the knot last Sunday.
воскресенье.
Since he got back from the war Billy's been С тех пор, как он вернулся с войны, Билли
drinking like a fish, and we think he needs some пьет запоем, и мы считаем, что ему нужна
help. помощь.
Билет на поезд, возможно, стоит дороже,
The train ticket might cost a bit more, so to be on
поэтому на всякий случай мне следует иметь
the safe side I should have more money about me.
при мне больше денег.

englishoffice.com.ua 53
 Since he was a kid everybody knew him as a С тех пор, как он был ребенком, все считали
walking encyclopedia. его ходячей энциклопедией.

I never was my teacher’s pet when I studies in Я никогда не был любимчиком учителя, когда
high school. учился в средней школе.
"The weekend's over," Felix sighed, "and here it «Выходные закончились», - вздохнул Феликс,
is, blue Monday, time to get back to the routine of «и вот опять тяжелый понедельник, время
work." возвращаться к рабочей рутине.»

In no time at all, my business went bust! Вмиг мой бизнес обанкротился.

They fired the accountant because he was Они уволили бухгалтера, потому что он
cooking the books. жульничал в расчетах.

Don’t think you can buy a new house for a song; Не думай, что ты можешь дешево купить
houses are expensive. новый дом; дома дорогие.
Продавец-консультант поймал
The shop assistant caught a customer red-handed
покупательницу с поличным, когда она
when she was stealing some clothes.
воровала вещи.
A wannabe is someone who is just pretending that Поклонник – это человек, который делает вид,
they’re something they are not. что он кто-то, кем не является.

The firm was not thriving; they were in the red Фирма не процветала; они были в долгах на
for several years. протяжении нескольких лет.
Столкнувшись с женщиной, Ник не
Having bumped into a woman, Nick didn’t
извинился, и она посмотрела на него с
apologize and she gave him a dirty look.
осуждением.
Mary had butterflies in her stomach because it Мэри волновалась, потому что это был ее
was her first day at school. первый день в школе.

It is difficult to keep a straight face when you see Трудно сохранить невозмутимый вид, когда
something funny. видишь что-то веселое.
Некоторые люди очень часто имеют
Some people have on-off relationship very often,
отношения, когда то расстаются, то мирятся,
because they're afraid of commitment.
потому что они боятся обязательств.
Sarah has butterflies in stomach before every
Сара нервничала перед каждым собранием.
meeting.

I wanted to invite her over, but I saw she was up Я хотел пригласить ее, но понял, что она была
to her neck in work. по уши в работе.

My mom is an early bird and she always says that Моя мама встает рано, и она всегда говорит.
the early bird catches the worm. Что кто рано встает, того удача ждет.

Jim called the police when he realized that this Джим позвонил в полицию, когда понял. Что
contract was fishy. этот контракт был подозрительным.

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