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Phy210 Chapter 2 PDF

The document summarizes key concepts about static equilibrium from a physics textbook chapter. It outlines the two conditions for static equilibrium - that the net force and net torque on an object must be zero. Examples are provided of rigid objects in static equilibrium, including forces on door hinges and a ladder resting against a wall. Problem-solving strategies are described, such as drawing free-body diagrams and setting up equilibrium equations to solve for unknown quantities.

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Aidatul Husna
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77 views

Phy210 Chapter 2 PDF

The document summarizes key concepts about static equilibrium from a physics textbook chapter. It outlines the two conditions for static equilibrium - that the net force and net torque on an object must be zero. Examples are provided of rigid objects in static equilibrium, including forces on door hinges and a ladder resting against a wall. Problem-solving strategies are described, such as drawing free-body diagrams and setting up equilibrium equations to solve for unknown quantities.

Uploaded by

Aidatul Husna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHY210

CHAPTER 2
STATIC EQUILIBRIUM
Outline
2.1 The conditions of static
equilibrium
2.2 Examples of rigid objects in
static equilibrium
The conditions of static equilibrium
CONDITION 1
Translational motion

The vector sum for call the forces on it


must be zero
F = 0
Content in two columns  Fx = 0
 Fy = 0

Rest Constant velocity

v = 0
CONDITION 2
Rotational motion
The sum of all the torques about any
arbitrary axis must be zero

 = 0
Examples of rigid objects in static
equilibrium

Forces in the Forearm Forces on Door Hinges A Ladder Resting Against a


Wall
Example 1
• Consider the traffic light (mass of 15.0 kg) suspended
from two wires as shown in (Figure). Find the tension
in each wire, neglecting the masses of the wires.
Example 2
• Three masses are attached to a uniform meter stick, as shown.. The
mass of the meter stick is 150.0 g and the masses to the left of the
fulcrum are m1=50.0gm1=50.0g and m2=75.0g.m2=75.0g. Find the
mass m3 that balances the system when it is attached at the right end
of the stick.
Problem Solving Strategy
Three masses are attached to a uniform meter stick, as shown.. The
mass of the meter stick is 150.0 g and the masses to the left of the
fulcrum are m1=50.0gm1=50.0g and m2=75.0g.m2=75.0g. Find the
mass m3 that balances the system when it is attached at the right end of
the stick
1
Identify the object to be analyzed. For
some systems in equilibrium, it may
be necessary to consider more than
one object. Identify all forces acting
on the object. Identify the questions
you need to answer. Identify the
information given in the problem. In
realistic problems, some key
information may be implicit in the
situation rather than provided
explicitly.
2

Set up a free-body diagram for the object.


(a) Choose the xy-reference frame for the problem. Draw a free-
body diagram for the object, including only the forces that act on
it. When suitable, represent the forces in terms of their
components in the chosen reference frame. As you do this for
each force, cross out the original force so that you do not
erroneously include the same force twice in equations. Label all
forces—you will need this for correct computations of net forces
in the x- and y-directions. For an unknown force, the direction
must be assigned arbitrarily; think of it as a ‘working direction’ or
‘suspected direction.’ The correct direction is determined by the
sign that you obtain in the final solution. A plus
sign (+)(+) means that the working direction is the actual
direction. A minus sign (−)(−) means that the actual direction is
opposite to the assumed working direction.
(b) (b) Choose the location of the rotation axis; in other words,
choose the pivot point with respect to which you will compute
torques of acting forces. On the free-body diagram, indicate the
location of the pivot and the lever arms of acting forces—you will
need this for correct computations of torques. In the selection of
the pivot, keep in mind that the pivot can be placed anywhere
you wish, but the guiding principle is that the best choice will
simplify as much as possible the calculation of the net torque
along the rotation axis.
3
Set up the
equations of
equilibrium
for the
object
4
Simplify and solve
the system of
equations for
equilibrium to obtain
unknown quantities.
Example 2
• Three masses are attached to a uniform meter stick, as shown.. The
mass of the meter stick is 150.0 g and the masses to the left of the
fulcrum are m1=50.0gm1=50.0g and m2=75.0g.m2=75.0g. Find the
mass m3 that balances the system when it is attached at the right end
of the stick.
Example 5
• A boy and his cat sit on a seesaw. The cat has a mass of 4 kg and sits 2
m from the center of rotation. If the boy has a mass of 50 kg, where
should he sit so that the seesaw will balance?
Example 6
• A uniform rod loaded as shown in figure so that it is in equilibrium.
Calculate the weight of rod.
Example 7
• Calculate F1 and F2 that acts on a uniform beam of mass 30 kg as
shown in figure
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