CONVENTIONAL STEEL BUILDING

Wind Load Calculation

 Indian standard 875 part 3 is used for the following wind load analysis
 Height(h) : 12m
 Width(w) : 24m
 Length(l) : 48m
 Roof angle : 18.43◦

STEP1 : Wind data

 Place where the structure is to be constructed : Belgavi

 As per IS 875 Part3 2015 the basuc wind speed :33m/s

STEP2 : Terrain Category

 Terrain category : Category 3

STEP3 : Design Factor

 Risk coefficient(k1 Factor) : 0.94(For general building and structures)

 Terrain factor or height factor(k2 Factor) : 0.934(For height = 12m ans by interpolation)
 Topography (k3 Factor) : 1.0 (The upward wind slope less than 3◦)

STEP4 : Permeability of the building

 Permeability is between 5% to 20%

 Internal Pressure Coefficient : ±0.5

STEP5 : Design wind pressure

 Design wind speed Vz : Vb X k1 X k2 X k3 X k4 = 33X0.94X0.934X1.0 = 28.97 m/s

 Design wind pressure(pz) : 0.6Vz2 = 0.6 X 28.972 : 0.504 kN/m2

STEP6 : Wind load calculation

 F = (Cpe – Cpi) A. pd
Where Cpi : Internal pressure coefficient : ±0.5
Cpe : External pressure coefficient
 Roof angle : 5.946⁰
 h/w : 12/24 : 0.5
Design of channel section purlin

Roof angle = 18.43⁰

Span = 5 mtr

Wind load on roof with maximum coefficient = -1.3

Dead Load = 0.210 X 5 =1.05 kN/m

Live Load = 0.5813 X 5 = 2.9065 kN/m

Wind load = -1.3 X 0.504 X 5 = -3.276 kN/m

DL(Wz) = 1.05 X cos(18.43) = 0.996 kN/m

LL(Wz) = 2.9065 X cos(18.43) =2.7574 kN/m

DL(Wy) = 1.05 X sin(18.43) = 0.3319 kN/m

LL(Wy) = 2.9065 X sin(18.43) = 0.9188 kN/m

Wind Load in ‘Z’ direction = -3.276 kN/m

Wind Load in ‘Y’ direction = 0 kN/m (because of cladding)

Load combination

Z Direction

(DL+LL+WL) =(1.2 X 0.996) + (1.2 X 2.7574) + (1.2 X 3.276) =8.43528 kN/m

(DL+LL) = (1.5 X 0.996) +(1.5 X 2.7574) =5.6301kN/m

Y Direction

(DL+LL+WL) =(1.2 X 0.3319) + (1.2 X 0.9188) + (1.2 X 0) =1.5 kN/m

(DL+LL) = (1.5 X 0.3319) +(1.5 X 0.9188) =1.876kN/m

Beanding Moment and Shear force calculation

Mz =(WL2)/8 = (8.4528 X 52 )/8 = 26.415 kNm

My =(WL2)/8 = (1.876 X 52 )/8 = 5.8625 kNm

Fz = (WL)/2 =(8.4528 X 5)/2 =21.132 kN

Fy =(WL)/2 = (1.876 X 5) /2 =4.69kN

Selected channel section is ISMC300 @16.4kg/m

Zpz = 496.77 X 103 mm3

Zez = 424.2 X 103mm3

Zey = 46.8 X 103 mm3

Zpy = (2((tf X bf2)/4)) +((H -2tf)/4) X tw2 = 59.019X 103 mm3

Area =28.21 cm2

Depth (h) =300 mm

Breadth (bf) = 90 mm

Thickness of flange(tf) = 13.6mm

Thickness of web(tw) = 7.6mm

Izz = 6362.6 X 104 mm4

Iyy = 310.8 X 104 mm4

Section classification

bf/tf = (90/13.6) = 6.61 < 9.4 (plastic)

d/tw = (300/7.6) =39.47 < 84 (plastic)

Hence the section is considered as plastic

Check for shear capacity of the section

Vdz = (Av X fy)/(√3 X Ƴmo) = (2280X 250 ) / (√3 X 1.1) =299.1724 kN

0.6 X Vdz = 0.6 X 299.1724 = 179.503 kN > 21.132 kN (SF)

Vdy = ( 2 X bf X tf X fy )/ (√3 X Ƴmo) = (2 X 90 X 13.6 X 250)/(√3 X1.1) = 321.21 kN

0.6 X Vdy =0.6 X 321.21 = 192.73 kN > 4.69 kN (SF)

Hence purlin is safe in shear capacity

Z direction = Mdz =(Zpz X fy)/ Ƴmo =(1.0 X 211.25X 103 X 250)/ 1.1

=112.902 kN/m >26.415kN/m

=(Zez X fy)/ Ƴmo = (1.2 X 424.2 X 103X 250)/ 1.1

= 115.69Kn/m >27.23 kN/m

Y direction = Mdy =(Zpy X fy)/ Ƴmo =(1.0 X 33.71 X 103 X 250)/ 1.1

=13.413 kN/m >5.86kN/m

=(Zey X fy)/ Ƴmo = (1.2 X26.3 X 103X 250)/ 1.1

= 12.76Kn/m >7.66 kN/m

Check for overall strength of the member

(My/Mdy) +(Mz/Mdz) =< 1.0

(5.86/13.413) + (26.415/112.902) = 0.67 =< 1.0

Hence member is safe

Check for Deflection

Actual deflection of the section is (5 X W X L4)/(384 X E X Iz)

(5 X 3.276 X 50004)/(384 X 2 X 105 X 6362.6 X 104) =2.095 mm

Permissible Deflection is L/150

5000/150 =33.33 mm > 2.095mm

Hence safe in deflection

Check for wind load in suction

Factored combination of wind load in Z direction = ( 0.9DL+ 1.5 WL)

Wz =(0.9 X 0.996) + (1.5 X 3.276) = 5.81 Kn /m

Wy = (0.9 X 0.3319) + (1.5 X 0) = 0.2987 Kn/m

Bending moment and shear force calculation

Mz = (WL2)/8 = (5.81 X 52) /8 =18.125 kNm

My =(WL2)/8 = (0.2987 X 52) /8 =0.9334 kNm

Buckling Resistance of the channel section

KL =5000 mm

ry =26.1 mm

(KL/ry) = 5000/26.1 = 191.57

(h/tf) = 300/13.6 = 22.058

Fcrb = 117.4229 (table 14)

Fy = 250

Fbd =73.059 (table 13 (b))

Md =β Zp fbd

Md = 1.0 X 496.77 X 103 x 73.059 = 36.293 kNm > 18.125 KNm

Mx /Mdz =< 1.0

18.125/36.293 =0.499 <1.0

Hence safe in buckling resistance

PEB

Manual calculation for secondary members

Design of Z section purlin

Actual spacing of purlin =1.209m

Dead Load on roof = 0.210X 1.008 =0.21168kN/m

Self weight of purlin assumed = 100N/m =0.1 kN/m

Total dead load = 0.31168 kN/m

Live Load per meter length of purlin = 0.75 X 1.209 =0.90675 kN/m

Wind load on intermediate purlin per meter length

Max coefficient =-1.3

Wind load on purlins = -1.3 X 1.209 X 0.503 = -0.79 kN/m

Load combination

1) Dead load + live load =0.31168+0.90675 =1.218 kN/m

2) Dead load + Wind Load =0.31168cos(5.946) -0.79 =-0.479 kN/m (Normal to roof)

M=(WL2/10) =(1.218 X 52 )/10 = 3.045 kNm

Fy = 300 Mpa

Basic stress f = 0.6 X 300 = 180Mpa

Required section modulus = Z = (M/f) = (3.045 X 10 6/180) = 16.916 X103 mm3

Section chosen = 12ZS3.25X135

135 x 12 x3.25 x0.14

Area =261 mm2

Iyy =5 X 104 mm4

Zyy =8.33 X 103 mm3

Zxx =89.56 X 103 mm3

Iyc = (Iyy/2) =(5 X 104/2) =25 X 103 mm3

Sag rod are provided at 3m spacing as lateral bracing

Allowable bending stress

(L2 X Sxc)/(d X Iyc)

d= 135mm

Iyc = 25 X 103 mm3

L= 3000 mm

Allowable bending stress = (3000 2X 89.56 X 103)/(135 X 25X104) =23882.6

Should be greater than (1.8X ∏2 X E X Cb)/Fy =(1.8X ∏2 X 2 X105 X 1)/300 =1184

Should be less than (0.9∏2 X E X Cb)/Fy = (0.9X ∏2 X 2 X105 X 1)/300 = 5921

23882.6>5921 hence

Fb =0.3 X ∏2 X E X Cb X((d X Iyc)/(L2 X Sxc))

=0.3 X ∏2 X 2 X105 X 1 X((135X25 X 103 )/(30002 X 89.56 X 103)) =24.79Mpa

Moment carrying capacity = Fb X Zprovided =24.79 X 89.56 X 103 =2.22Knm

Hence safe
LATTICE MEMBERS

Roof angle = 7.125⁰

Span = 5 mtr

Wind load on roof with maximum coefficient = -1.3

Dead Load = 0.210 X 5 =1.05 kN/m

Live Load = 0.5813 X 5 = 2.9065 kN/m

Wind load = -1.3 X 0.504 X 5 = -3.276 kN/m

DL(Wz) = 1.05 X cos(18.43) = 0.996 kN/m

LL(Wz) = 2.9065 X cos(18.43) =2.7574 kN/m

DL(Wy) = 1.05 X sin(18.43) = 0.3319 kN/m

LL(Wy) = 2.9065 X sin(18.43) = 0.9188 kN/m

Wind Load in ‘Z’ direction = -3.276 kN/m

Wind Load in ‘Y’ direction = 0 kN/m (because of cladding)

Load combination

Z Direction

(DL+LL+WL) =(1.2 X 0.996) + (1.2 X 2.7574) + (1.2 X 3.276) =8.43528 kN/m

(DL+LL) = (1.5 X 0.996) +(1.5 X 2.7574) =5.6301kN/m

Y Direction

(DL+LL+WL) =(1.2 X 0.3319) + (1.2 X 0.9188) + (1.2 X 0) =1.5 kN/m

(DL+LL) = (1.5 X 0.3319) +(1.5 X 0.9188) =1.876kN/m

Beanding Moment and Shear force calculation

Mz =(WL2)/8 = (8.4528 X 52 )/8 = 26.415 kNm

My =(WL2)/8 = (1.876 X 52 )/8 = 5.8625 kNm

Fz = (WL)/2 =(8.4528 X 5)/2 =21.132 kN

Fy =(WL)/2 = (1.876 X 5) /2 =4.69kN

Selected channel section is [email protected]/m

Zpz = 119.82 X 103 mm3

Zez =103.9 X 103mm3

Zey = 19.4 X 103 mm3

Zpy = (2((tf X bf2)/4)) +((H -2tf)/4) X tw2 = 26.27478 X 103 mm3

Area =20.88 cm2

Depth (h) =150 mm

Breadth (bf) = 75 mm

Thickness of flange(tf) = 9mm

Thickness of web(tw) = 5.4mm

Izz = 779.4 X 104 mm4

Iyy = 102.3 X 104 mm4

Section classification

bf/tf = (75/9) = 8.33 < 9.4 (plastic)

d/tw = (150/5.4) =27.77 < 84 (plastic)

Hence the section is considered as plastic

Check for shear capacity of the section

Vdz = (Av X fy)/(√3 X Ƴmo) = (810 X 250 ) / (√3 X 1.1) =106.28 kN

0.6 X Vdz = 0.6 X 106.28 = 63.768 kN > 21.132 kN (SF)

Vdy = ( 2 X bf X tf X fy )/ (√3 X Ƴmo) = (2 X 75 X 9 X 250)/(√3 X1.1) = 177.14155 kN

0.6 X Vdy = 0.6 X 177.14155 = 106.284 kN > 4.69 kN (SF)

Hence purlin is safe in shear capacity

Z direction = Mdz =(Zpz X fy)/ Ƴmo =(1.0 X 119.82 X 103 X 250)/ 1.1

=27.23 kN/m >26.415kN/m

=(Zez X fy)/ Ƴmo = (1.2 X 103.9 X 103X 250)/ 1.1

= 28.33Kn/m >27.23 kN/m

Y direction = Mdy =(Zpy X fy)/ Ƴmo =(1.0 X 26.27478 X 103 X 250)/ 1.1

=5.97 kN/m >5.86kN/m

=(Zey X fy)/ Ƴmo = (1.5 X19.4 X 103X 250)/ 1.1

= 6.61kN/m >5.97 kN/m